THE MILITARY INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX 

AND 
THE PERMANENT ARMS ECONOMY TODAY

U.S. tops world in defense spending; Russia falls out of top 5

By Clyde Hughes

April 29 (UPI) -- The United States spent more than any other country on defense in 2018, but Russia fell out of the top five for the first time in nearly 15 years, a report from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute said Monday.

The report detailed regional and selected national military expenditure data for 2018 and trends over the past 10 years. The SIPRI database outlines military spending by countries from 1949 to 2018.

According to the report, the United States spent $649 billion on defense for 2018, far and away more than any other country, followed by China with $250 billion and Saudi Arabia with $67.6 billion. India spent $66 billion and France nearly $64 billion. Russia was sixth, with $61.4 billion.

"Starting in 2016, Russia's military budget has trended downwards," the report said. "However, due to a one-off government debt repayment of almost $11.8 billion to Russian arms producers in 2016, spending rose 7.2 percent. Without this payment, Russia military spending would have fallen by 11 percent."

The report noted Russia spending is still 27 percent higher than it was in 2009. Russia had been in the top five since 2006.

U.S. spending increased by 4.6 percent and continues to spend more on defense than the next eight countries combined, the study said.

Concern over Russia's military, though, continues to drive spending in Europe. Ukraine, Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia and Lithuania all showed an increase in military spending.

"The increases in Central and Eastern Europe are largely due to growing perceptions of a threat from Russia," Pieter Wezeman, a senior researcher at SIRPI, said. "This is despite the fact that Russian military spending has fallen for the past two years."

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1919 
WAS THE YEAR OF GENERAL STRIKES
 ACROSS THE WORLD

IN NORTH AMERICA THEY BEGAN WITH 
SEATTLE

Seattle General Strike - University of Washington

depts.washington.edu/labhist/strike/

The Seattle General Strike of February 1919 was the first twentieth century solidarity strike in the United States to be proclaimed a “general strike.” It led off a ...

‎Seattle General Strike: Video ... · ‎Seattle General Strike: News ... · ‎Map

Seattle General Strike: Industrial Workers of The World

depts.washington.edu/labhist/strike/anderson.shtml

The Seattle General Strike is an event very important in the history of the Pacific Northwest. On February 6, 1919 Seattle workers became the first workers in ...

Setting the record straight on the 1919 Seattle General Strike | The ...

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Feb 6, 2019 - In 1919, Seattle's General Strike shut down the city for 6 days — but in the 100 years since, its stories have grown a little murky.

Why the Seattle General Strike of 1919 should inspire a new .

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Seattle General Strike: Labor's Most Spectacular Revolt | Labor Notes

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Seattle's 1919 General Strike Ignited a Labor Movement - CityLab

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What the Seattle General Strike can teach workers today | Opinion

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Jan 30, 2019 - As the 100th anniversary of the Seattle General Strike draws near at a time when present-day activists, advocates, everyday workers and civic ...

Seattle: The 1919 General Strike | International Socialist Review

https://isreview.org/issue/84/seattle-1919-general-strike

The United States has one of the richest histories of class struggle in the world. One of the best examples is the Seattle General Strike of 1919. Unfortunately for ...

Seattle General Strike, 1919 - HistoryLink.org

https://www.historylink.org/File/861

Feb 4, 1999 - The Seattle General Strike began at 10 a.m. on February 6, 1919, and paralyzed the city for five days. Never before had the nation seen a labor ...

How the Seattle General Strike of 1919 shut down the city

https://mynorthwest.com/1252370/seattle-general-strike-1919/

Jan 23, 2019 - More than 65000 workers walked off the job for the Seattle General Strike of 1919. But many history students don't hear anything about it.

[PDF]The Seattle General Strike of 1919 - America in Class

americainclass.org/sources/becomingmodern/prosperity/text6/seattlestrike.pdf

For six days in February 1919, the first “general strike” in American history paralyzed the port city of Seattle, Washington. Two weeks earlier, the shipyard ...

Everything You Need to Know About the General Strike that Shut ...

inthesetimes.com/working/.../1919_seattle_general_strike_anniversary_labor_unions

Feb 6, 2019 - On February 6, 1919, the city of Seattle ground to a halt as 60,000 workers walked off the job in a general strike that would last 6 days. Workers ...

Seattle, “the Soviet of Washington” - Jacobin

https://www.jacobinmag.com/2018/10/seattle-general-strike-iww-labor-revolution

Oct 3, 2018 - Decades before Amazon dominated the city, Seattle was the fiery site of labor unrest, radical action — and the US's only true general strike.

The Seattle General Strike: Robert L Friedheim: Amazon.com: Books

https://www.amazon.com/Seattle-General-Strike-Robert-Friedheim/.../B0007DFAXM

The Seattle General Strike [Robert L Friedheim] on Amazon.com. *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.

100 years after Seattle 1919: Is the general strike making a comeback ...

https://www.peoplesworld.org/.../100-years-after-seattle-1919-is-the-general-strike-ma...

Feb 7, 2019 - A new film, commemorating centennial of the Great Seattle General Strike of 1919, plus a panel of experts in worker history and rights, tackled ...

1919: The Seattle general strike - Libcom.org

https://libcom.org/history/1919-the-seattle-general-strike

Sep 10, 2006 - A general strike of 100,000 workers, which saw the city shut down and all essential services provided under workers' control. The First World ...

The Seattle General Strike of 1919 | Department of History

https://history.uoregon.edu/__trashed-2/

Feb 6, 2019 - This week marked the 100-year anniversary of the Seattle General Strike, a five-day period that saw nearly half of the city's workforce walking ...

What was socialism like during the Seattle General Strike? - Big Think

https://bigthink.com/politics-current-affairs/what-is-socialism-seattle-strike

Feb 25, 2019 - In February 1919, most of the various trade unions of Seattle voted to begin a general strike. Ostensibly in support of striking longshoremen, the ...

Seattle General Strike - Verso

https://www.versobooks.com/books/2913-seattle-general-strike

Seattle_general_strike. Seattle General Strike. The Forgotten History of Labor's Most Spectacular Revolt. by Cal Winslow. Paperback; Ebook; Hardback.

OPINION: 1919 Seattle General Strike Exemplified Solidarity | South ...

https://southseattleemerald.com/.../opinion-1919-seattle-general-strike-exemplified-sol...

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The Seattle Worker February 2019: Seattle General Strike Centennial ...

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Feb 19, 2019 - The Seattle local of the IWW presents a new issue of their publication, celebrating the 100 year anniversary of the Seattle general strike.

What was socialism like during the Seattle General Strike? - Big Think

https://bigthink.com/politics-current-affairs/what-is-socialism-seattle-strike

Feb 25, 2019 - In February 1919, most of the various trade unions of Seattle voted to begin a general strike. Ostensibly in support of striking longshoremen, the ...

Seattle General Strike - Verso

https://www.versobooks.com/books/2913-seattle-general-strike

Seattle_general_strike. Seattle General Strike. The Forgotten History of Labor's Most Spectacular Revolt. by Cal Winslow. Paperback; Ebook; Hardback.

OPINION: 1919 Seattle General Strike Exemplified Solidarity | South ...

https://southseattleemerald.com/.../opinion-1919-seattle-general-strike-exemplified-sol...

Feb 7, 2019 - by Teresa Mosqueda and April Sims This week marks the 100-year anniversary of the Seattle General Strike, a five-day solidarity work ...

When Workers Ran the City: The 1919 Seattle General Strike https://www.academia.edu/38300593/When_Workers_Ran_the_City_The_1919_Seattle_General_Strike?source=swp_

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Apr 12, 2019 - History Day at Special Collections: Topic: Seattle General Strike. Special Collections is a great resource for all your Pacific Northwest primary ...

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For six euphoric days a century ago, Seattle's workers took over and ran the city. Industry barons trembled. “All of Seattle was silenced as organized labor went ...

The Seattle General Strike and the "Great Red Scare" | AHA

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The first of these is on the Seattle General Strike of 1919. We begin with an archive of editorial cartoons at CUNY and two representative statements from public ...

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Book Review: Labor History: The Seattle General Strike - Vernon H ...

journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/001979396501900115

Book Review: Labor History: The Seattle General Strike. Show all authors. Vernon H. Jensen · Vernon H. Jensen. Professor New York State School of Industrial ...

Seattle General Strike | The American Historical Review | Oxford ...

https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article-abstract/71/1/334/69611

by HG Gutman - ‎1965

Herbert G. Gutman; The Seattle General Strike, The American Historical Review, Volume 71, Issue 1, 1 October 1965, Pages 334, ...

Sunday Video: Seattle General Strike of 1919 | The Urbanist

https://www.theurbanist.org/2017/09/03/sunday-video-seattle-general-strike-1919/

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Book Reviews : The Seattle General Strike. By ROBERT L ...

journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/106591296702000419

Book Reviews : The Seattle General Strike. By ROBERT L. FRIEDHEIM. (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1964.) Show all authors. John E. Crow.

SEE OTD 100 YEARS AGO THE WINNIPEG GENERAL STRIKE BEGAN https://plawiuk.blogspot.com/2019/05/this-day-in-history-100-years-ago-today.html

Mystery of ball lightning is finally solved: 

Eerie orb-like glow is created when radiation gets trapped inside a plasma bubble

·       Ball lightning is a sphere of electrical light that can appear during thunderstorms

·       Naturally occurring fireballs have been mistaken for UFOs for many centuries

·       Now scientists have come up with a theory to explain the strange phenomenon

·       Bright orb is created when radiation from lightning is caught in a plasma bubble

LAB PRODUCED BALL LIGHTNING HAS BEEN MADE SINCE 2014 IN CHINA EARLIEST STORIES STARTED IN 2010

2018

Scientists Accidentally Simulate Ball Lightning in a Laboratory

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Mar 2, 2018 - Ball lightning is a rare phenomenon in storms that is tough to study.

Quantum ball lightning forged in the lab for the first time - New Atlas

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Mar 7, 2018 - Ball lightning has been consistently reported for centuries, and yet we still know very little about it. Now, scientists have created quantum ball ...

Knotted structures called skyrmions seem to mimic ball lightning

A new type of skyrmion simulates linked magnetic fields that may hold glowing orbs together, too

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/knotted-structures-called-skyrmions-seem-mimic-ball-lightning

Quantum ball lightning forged in the lab for the first time - New Atlas

https://newatlas.com/skyrmion-quantum-ball-lightning/53701/
Mar 7, 2018 - Ball lightning has been consistently reported for centuries, and yet we still know very little about it. Now, scientists have created quantum ball ...

Natural ball lightning probed for the first time

https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn24886-natural-ball-lightning-probed-for-the-first-time/

2016

A New Explanation for One of the Strangest Occurrences in Nature: Ball Lightning
POSTED BY CHRIS DRUDGE ON JUL 24, 2016

Chris Drudge is a science writer from Canada.

http://nautil.us/blog/a-new-explanation-for-one-of-the-strangest-occurrences-in-nature-ball-lightning

Relativistic-microwave theory of ball lightning | Scientific Reports

https://www.nature.com › scientific reports › articles

by HC Wu - ‎2016 - ‎Cited by 23 - ‎Related articles

Jun 22, 2016 - Ball lightning, a fireball sometimes observed during lightnings, has remained unexplained. Here we present a comprehensive theory for the ...

2014

Burning soil fuels ball lightning – Physics World

https://physicsworld.com/a/burning-soil-fuels-ball-lightning/

Jan 9, 2014 - Researchers in China are the first to study ball lightning using high-resolution spectroscopy. Their results lend support to an idea first advanced ...

Ball Lightning

Chinese scientists have recorded the rare phenomenon in nature for the first time

https://medium.com/looking-up/ball-lightning-b594b6ffea37

Duncan Geere

Jan 17, 2014

2012

Mystery of ball lightning solved? › News in Science (ABC Science)

www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2012/10/12/3609694.htm

Oct 12, 2012 - A team of Australian scientists believe they have uncovered the cause of one of nature's most bizarre phenomenon - ball lightning.

Ball lightning exists … but what on Earth is it?

November 4, 2012 7.33pm GMT

http://theconversation.com/ball-lightning-exists-but-what-on-earth-is-it-10419?utm_source=facebook&utm_medium=facebookbutton&fbclid=IwAR2NGByN0LlExwfx3fGnxg3Pi15vxib8MSr1-x_FGt08JWYCk56gb4VHdWU

In a paper published in the Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres entitled 'The Birth of Ball Lightning' CSIRO and Australia National University scientists present a new mathematical theory which explains how and why it occurs.

Previous competing theories have cited microwave radiation from thunderclouds, oxidising aerosols, nuclear energy, dark matter, antimatter, and even black holes as possible causes.

https://phys.org/news/2012-10-mystery-ball-lightning.html

2010

Mysterious ball lightning: Illusion or reality? -- ScienceDaily

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/05/100518093822.htm

May 19, 2010 - Ball lightning is a rare circular light phenomenon occurring during thunderstorms. Scientists have been puzzled by the nature of these apparent ...

#balllightning #stelmosfire #electricity #anomaly