Changing Patterns of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife, Domestic Animals, and Humans Linked to Biodiversity Loss and Globalization
A Alonso Aguirre
ILAR Journal,
Volume 58
Issue 3
2017
Issue 3
2017
Pages 315–318, https://doi.org/10.1093/ilar/ilx035
PDF
Abstract
The fundamental human threats to biodiversity including habitat destruction, globalization, and species loss have led to ecosystem disruptions altering infectious disease transmission patterns, the accumulation of toxic pollutants, and the invasion of alien species and pathogens. To top it all, the profound role of climate change on many ecological processes has affected the inability of many species to adapt to these relatively rapid changes. This special issue, “Zoonotic Disease Ecology: Effects on Humans, Domestic Animals and Wildlife,” explores the complex interactions of emerging infectious diseases across taxa linked to many of these anthropogenic and environmental drivers. Selected emerging zoonoses including RNA viruses, Rift Valley fever, trypanosomiasis, Hanta virus infection, and other vector-borne diseases are discussed in detail. Also, coprophagous beetles are proposed as important vectors in the transmission and maintenance of infectious pathogens. An overview of the impacts of climate change in emerging disease ecology within the context of Brazil as a case study is provided. Animal Care and Use Committee requirements were investigated, concluding that ecology journals have low rates of explicit statements regarding the welfare and wellbing of wildlife during experimental studies. Most of the solutions to protect biodiversity and predicting and preventing the next epidemic in humans originating from wildlife are oriented towards the developed world and are less useful for biodiverse, low-income economies. We need the development of regional policies to address these issues at the local level.
Abstract
The fundamental human threats to biodiversity including habitat destruction, globalization, and species loss have led to ecosystem disruptions altering infectious disease transmission patterns, the accumulation of toxic pollutants, and the invasion of alien species and pathogens. To top it all, the profound role of climate change on many ecological processes has affected the inability of many species to adapt to these relatively rapid changes. This special issue, “Zoonotic Disease Ecology: Effects on Humans, Domestic Animals and Wildlife,” explores the complex interactions of emerging infectious diseases across taxa linked to many of these anthropogenic and environmental drivers. Selected emerging zoonoses including RNA viruses, Rift Valley fever, trypanosomiasis, Hanta virus infection, and other vector-borne diseases are discussed in detail. Also, coprophagous beetles are proposed as important vectors in the transmission and maintenance of infectious pathogens. An overview of the impacts of climate change in emerging disease ecology within the context of Brazil as a case study is provided. Animal Care and Use Committee requirements were investigated, concluding that ecology journals have low rates of explicit statements regarding the welfare and wellbing of wildlife during experimental studies. Most of the solutions to protect biodiversity and predicting and preventing the next epidemic in humans originating from wildlife are oriented towards the developed world and are less useful for biodiverse, low-income economies. We need the development of regional policies to address these issues at the local level.
Article Contents
Abstract
Tick-Borne Zoonoses in the United States: Persistent and Emerging Threats to Human Health
Coprophagous Insects and the Ecology of Infectious Disease of Wildlife
Are RNA Viruses Candidate Agents for the Next Global Pandemic? A Review
RVF: Does Wildlife Play a Role?
The Animal Wildlife Act and the Conduct and Publishing of Wildlife Research in the United States
Toward an Ecological Framework for Assessing Reservoirs of Vector-Borne Pathogens: Wildlife Reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi across the Southern United States
The Impact of Global Environmental Changes on Infectious Disease Emergence with a Focus on Risks for Brazil
Species Identity Supersedes the Dilution Effect Concerning Hantavirus Prevalence at Sites across Texas and Mexico
References
Abstract
Tick-Borne Zoonoses in the United States: Persistent and Emerging Threats to Human Health
Coprophagous Insects and the Ecology of Infectious Disease of Wildlife
Are RNA Viruses Candidate Agents for the Next Global Pandemic? A Review
RVF: Does Wildlife Play a Role?
The Animal Wildlife Act and the Conduct and Publishing of Wildlife Research in the United States
Toward an Ecological Framework for Assessing Reservoirs of Vector-Borne Pathogens: Wildlife Reservoirs of Trypanosoma cruzi across the Southern United States
The Impact of Global Environmental Changes on Infectious Disease Emergence with a Focus on Risks for Brazil
Species Identity Supersedes the Dilution Effect Concerning Hantavirus Prevalence at Sites across Texas and Mexico
References
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