Monday, December 06, 2021

Lakota group harvests bison, passing on spiritual and practical knowledge

Jordan Smith, The Free Press, Mankato, Minn.
Mon, December 6, 2021

Dec. 6—The 1,220-pound bison hung on the forklift by a chain tethered to its two front legs, its neck limp.

Two men grabbed either hind leg and walked alongside the machine as it drew closer to a grassy mound where those gathered would host a prayer ceremony over the animal's body before harvesting its hide, meat, bones and insides.

"There's an educational purpose for us to do this," said Marla Bull Bear, executive director of Lakota Youth Development, which was founded in 1992. "We're helping (youth) to reclaim their culture, their spiritual ways. And we consider the buffalo nation as a relative."

She and more than a dozen other Lakota people — including her daughter Megan Schnitker, who owns Lakota Made natural goods store on Riverfront Drive — had come from the Rosebud Indian Reservation of South Dakota to a farm at the halfway point between that state and Mankato. The bison farm is one of two owned and operated by Sleepy Bison Acres of Sleepy Eye.

The Sunday event furthered the youth organization's mission to restore the American buffalo's sacred role in Lakota history.

Tribes followed tens of millions of Tatanka across vast swaths of the high plains, directly relying on America's national mammal for shelter, tools and food. During the 1800s, Euro-American settlement and U.S. legislation decimated the bison population to hundreds.

Sunday's harvest was also a practical demonstration of how to honor the animal's sacrifice by making use of every body part. Several young people watched, and others will later see the process in educational videos.

"When we do this, it's with prayer and it's with ceremony and a respect and responsibility that weighs heavy on us because we take a life," she said. "It's not a sporting event."

Craig Fischer, owner of Sleepy Bison Acres, said it was the first time he sold a bison for a Native American harvesting ceremony. The 2 1/2 -year-old bull he shot Sunday for Lakota Youth Development was kept calm early that morning so stress wouldn't negatively alter the meat.

About an hour before the ceremony, Fischer rode an ATV to a fenced-in hillside where dozens of his 80 bison roam.

The Minnesota State University graduate said the animals have both a simple and complex appeal to him. They can run 35 mph and jump like deer and are plain "cool" to observe, yet they also embody a connection to the land that spans millennia.

The health benefits of the high-protein, low-fat meat hooked him because his grandfather died of a heart attack while Fischer was in high school.

Eight years ago he chose to enter the niche market. Now he feeds his kids and himself with heart-healthy bison meat, viewing it as akin to an insurance policy.

The Lakota reverence for buffalo and their resolve to eat or use the whole animal was crucial in his decision to provide the bull. Fischer's goal is for "one bad moment" to infringe as little as possible on the life of contentment he tries to provide bison.

"With how cool these animals are, the history behind them, how many thousands of years they've been here and adapted to our lands, it's hard not to respect them," he said. "I think there's something magnetizing about them.

"When we're performing a harvest I want to continue to respect them throughout their life, and the harvest is one of the most important times of their life."

Later Sunday morning, as Schmidt prepared to fire his gun in an area separate from the group, people talked quietly. They became silent when a shot rang through the air.

Charles Bull Bear, Marla's husband, has lived on the Rosebud Reservation his entire 64 years of life. He said the Lakota culture is gradually disappearing as elders grow old and fewer young people devote time to native rituals. The youth organization has resisted the trend for decades.

Leaning against his pickup truck Sunday, he said he felt an emotional tie to his ancestors whose rugged survival depended on bison. He doesn't take for granted that he can now easily get the meat and feed it to his grandchildren, who stood bundled up in coats and scarves nearby.

"They survived on what they found," he said of his ancestors, "and only took what they needed."

Schmidt estimates the bull harvested Sunday will provide about 500 pounds of meat. Three and a half ounces of it contains only 2.4 grams of fat and 140 calories, statistics that along with its nutrient density make it a salve to the diabetes-stricken Rosebud Reservation.

To increase the availability, the Rosebud Sioux tribe announced in May it will commit 28,000 acres of native grassland to support up to 1,500 bison, which would be the largest North American herd managed and owned by Native Americans.

The Department of Interior began sending bison from federally managed herds to Rosebud last fall and will continue to over a five year span.

The population of Native-owned bison will increase by 7% if the project succeeds.

Native elders such as Jerome Kills Small, a 76-year-old who stood on the mound and led the prayer ceremony, task themselves with conveying a message of interdependence to younger generations.

Having been raised on the Pine Ridge Reservation of central South Dakota, he said his Lakota upbringing was second nature that he didn't analyze before going to college.

When he noted others' interest in the cultural and spiritual norms, he majored in English as a way to share his part of the story. He went on to become a professor at the University of South Dakota, teaching courses in Lakota language and history along with American Indian thought.

Coming from a tradition of oral storytelling, part of his life's focus is how to sustain rituals through which the word is passed.

One story he tells: During a Sun Dance, the most important religious ceremony historically practiced by the Lakota, his ancestors cut effigies of a man and a buffalo.

They then tied them to opposite sides of a large cottonwood tree cut for the ceremony.

The moral is Mitakuye Oyasin, a Lakota phrase which translates to "we are all related."

"We're the buffalo nation," he said, "because we depended on the buffalo for our life."




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