A new versatile tool for studying fish hormones - may transform fish farming

Peer-Reviewed Publication

THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM

 

IMAGE: 

EXAMPLE OF ECTOPICALLY-EXPRESSED PEPTIDE HORMONE IN KILLIFISH MUSCLE TAGGED WITH A FLUORESCENT PROTEIN.

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CREDIT: EITAN MOSES

New study unveils an innovative platform for studying peptide hormones in fish. This groundbreaking approach enables both loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies of key hormones responsible for regulating growth, reproduction, metabolism, and aging in vertebrates. The team's work, using the turquoise killifish as a model organism, revealed surprising findings: despite its exceptionally rapid growth, the killifish relies on genetic networks conserved across vertebrates. Additionally, they developed a versatile system that can precisely control hormone activity, offering a promising tool for future research and potential applications in aquaculture (fish farming) and longevity studies. This transformative method promises to reshape our understanding of fish biology and its practical applications.

Jerusalem, Israel – Dr. Itamar Harel, along with PhD student Eitan Moses and postdoctoral researcher Dr. Roman Franek, all from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, has introduced an innovative platform for controlling peptide hormones in fish, providing a fast and effective way to study fish biology extensively. Its potential uses go beyond research, including the ability to transform fish farming techniques, administration of hormones in the clinic, and explore ways to prolong vertebrate lifespan.

Peptide hormones from the pituitary gland play a vital role in regulating key life events in vertebrates, such as growth, reproduction, metabolism, and aging. Precisely controlling hormone levels over various timeframes is crucial for properly managing these traits. However, conducting experiments to regulate hormones within living organisms has historically been a challenging endeavor.

In a significant breakthrough, the team introduced a novel approach using the small turquoise killifish as a model organism. Their research unveils a versatile platform capable of conducting two types of manipulations: loss-of-function and gain-of-function studies, specifically targeting peptide hormones in fish. By manipulating three primary pituitary hormones – growth hormone (GH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) – the researchers observed that hormone-deficient fish displayed significant changes in somatic growth and reproduction. These results indicate that, despite the killifish's exceptionally rapid growth and maturity, it relies on genetic networks shared across vertebrate species.

In the next phase of their research, the scientists devised a system to precisely control hormone expression. This system attaches a specialized fluorescent marker to the hormones and then introduces these marked hormones into the fish's body using a technique called intramuscular electroporation. Remarkably, a single electroporation treatment enabled hormone-deficient fish to maintain essential traits, including reproductive capabilities, for extended periods. The researchers demonstrated the adaptability of their method by combining multiple hormonal interventions, precisely controlling their levels, and regulating hormone activation as needed.

In summary, this innovative method offers a rapid and efficient means of studying fish biology on a large scale. Its potential applications extend beyond research, encompassing possibilities for revolutionizing fish farming practices, clinical hormone administration, and investigating methods to extend the lifespan of vertabrates.

Prof. Itamar Harel, expressed, "Our platform opens up new horizons for comprehending the role of peptide hormones in vertebrate biology and provides a powerful tool for researchers in this field. It also holds promise for applications in aquaculture and the exploration of interventions to enhance longevity."

CAPTION

Adult male killifish

CREDIT

Itamar Harel

Disclaimer: In these challenging times of war and crisis, Hebrew University of Jerusalem is resolute in its dedication to advancing research and education. We stand in full support of the brave individuals on the frontlines, safeguarding our nation and the well-being of all Israelis, and extend our deepest gratitude and unwavering solidarity to our community and fellow citizens. Together, we shall prevail against the challenges that confront us, and our shared commitment to the well-being of all Israelis and the pursuit of knowledge remains resolute.

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JOURNAL

eLife

DOI

10.7554/eLife.85960 

METHOD OF RESEARCH

Experimental study

SUBJECT OF RESEARCH

Animals

ARTICLE TITLE

A scalable and tunable platform for functional interrogation of peptide hormones in fish

ARTICLE PUBLICATION DATE

24-Oct-2023