How long can coronavirus survive on surfaces?

Feb 28 (Reuters) - As a new coronavirus spreads quickly around the world, U.S. health officials say they are "aggressively" assessing how long it can survive on surfaces to better understand the risk of transmission.

© Getty Cleaning lady with a bucket and cleaning products on blurred background .

Based on what is known about similar coronaviruses, disease experts say the new outbreak of the virus, named COVID-19, is mainly spread from person to person through coughing or sneezing. Contact with fecal matter from an infected person may also transmit the virus.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says it may be possible for a person to become infected by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose or eyes.

An analysis of 22 earlier studies of similar coronaviruses, including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) published online this month in the Journal of Hospital Infection, concluded that human coronaviruses can remain infectious on inanimate surfaces for up to nine days at room temperature. However, they can quickly be rendered inactive using common disinfectants, and may also dissipate at higher temperatures, the authors wrote. It is not yet clear, however, whether the new coronavirus behaves in a similar way.

"On copper and steel it’s pretty typical, it’s pretty much about two hours," CDC Director Dr. Robert Redfield told U.S. lawmakers on Thursday, referring to how long the new coronavirus may be active on those types of materials. "But I will say on other surfaces - cardboard or plastic - it’s longer, and so we are looking at this.”

The agency said there is likely a very low risk of spread from products or packaging that are shipped over a period of days or weeks at ambient temperatures.

A CDC spokeswoman, in an emailed statement, said the agency is still looking into how contagious the virus can be when deposited on more common, everyday surfaces.

The Food and Drug Administration this week said it has no evidence that COVID-19 has been transmitted from imported goods, but the situation remains "dynamic" and the agency said it will assess and update guidance as needed.

"The important big take-home message is that this is probably a small proportion of the transmission of respiratory viruses," said Dr. Timothy Brewer, professor of epidemiology and medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles. "Out in the community, these viruses are probably not surviving for a long time on surfaces."

Brewer explained that such viruses tend to survive the longest in low-temperature, low-humidity environments, "that is why you see lots of respiratory viruses during the winter."

AP-NORC poll: Impeachment didn't dent Trump approval

WASHINGTON — Do Americans trust anyone or anything in public life these days?
© Provided by Associated Press In this Feb. 26, 2020 photo, President Donald Trump speaks during a news conference in the Brady press briefing room of the White House in Washington.

Even after impeachment, ahead of the elections and amid the coronavirus, some do, according to a new survey. President Donald Trump appears unharmed by his impeachment and subsequent Senate acquittal — in fact he received some of the highest marks of his presidency in the new poll from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, though ratings remain more negative than positive. People don't even despise Congress quite as deeply as they once did, though a large majority still disapprove.

And a slim majority have great confidence in people running the U.S. military.

So when it comes to public trust of the institutions that hold society together, it could be worse — and has been. Still, few Americans have high trust in many of the pillars of the U.S. establishment, giving middling to low ratings to leaders in government, elections, religion, financial institutions and yes, the media.

“When you’re younger, you assume that they’re all going to run things with a certain amount of responsibility,” said Seth Mathews, 29, a sailboat deckhand and educator from Three Rivers, Michigan. He recalls watching a House session with some friends just after graduating college.

“It was bickering old guys, and (I) was like, ‘How do they run a country like this?’" he said. "It was disappointing.”

All is not lost when it comes to public trust, the poll found.

A slim majority — 54% — said they have a great deal of confidence in the military, and another 38% said they have some confidence. But even on this, there were deep political and generational divides. About 7 in 10 Republicans and adults 60 and older said they have high confidence, compared to about 4 in 10 Democrats and those younger than 30.

The poll also found that Trump's impeachment — and his Feb. 5 Senate acquittal — did not dent his approval ratings. The survey showed that 43% of Americans approve of how he is handling his job as president, with 56% disapproving. Although still in negative territory, that's among the best tallies for Trump in AP-NORC polls conducted over the course of his presidency.

Trump's approval has stayed within a narrow, roughly 10-point band in most polls. That's far less variation than existed for previous presidents since the 1940s, according to polling by Gallup.

Some of the government agencies Trump has denigrated or questioned get at least some support from Americans. About 8 in 10 viewed the government's intelligence agencies with at least some confidence, including 29% who say they have high confidence. Feelings are similar about the FBI.

As for Congress, with the House controlled by Democrats and the Senate by Republicans, just 20% of Americans approve of the job it's doing. That's down slightly from 27% in October. But it's still somewhat better than it was at this point in 2018, when just 14% said they approved.

Its leaders are viewed more negatively than positively by Americans, the poll found. House Speaker Nancy Pelosi, who led the proceedings that made Trump only the third impeached president in history, is viewed positively by 37% and negatively by 45%. Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, who led his acquittal Feb. 5 but is less well-known than Pelosi, is viewed well by 21% of Americans and poorly by 39%. About 4 in 10 said they don't know him well enough to say.

Just about 1 in 10 said they had a great deal of confidence in Congress in general, with roughly another half saying they had some confidence.

The Supreme Court did comparatively well than other branches of government: 28% of Americans said they have high confidence in the high court, while another 58% have some.

As for the media: Just 14% have high confidence in the press. But that's an improvement from four years ago. In 2016, just 6% said the same. Now, another 43% say they have some confidence and 44% hardly any.

In perhaps the poll's least-surprising finding: Opinions of the press varied widely by party. A quarter of Democrats have high confidence in the press, compared with 4% of Republicans.

Seven in 10 Republicans but just about 2 in 10 Democrats say they have hardly any confidence in the press, the poll found.

___

The AP-NORC poll of 1,074 adults was conducted Feb. 13-16 using a sample drawn from NORC's probability-based AmeriSpeak panel, which is designed to be representative of the U.S. population. The margin of sampling error for all respondents is plus or minus 4.2 percentage points. Respondents were first selected randomly using address-based sampling methods and later were interviewed online or by phone.

FCC: Cellphone carriers could face $200M in fines for selling data

FOR SALE YOU AND I

Four major cellphone carriers could face fines over $200 million for selling customer location data, FCC Chairman Ajit Rai said Friday. File Photo by Pixabay/niekverlaan

Feb. 28 (UPI) -- Fines against four major cellphone carriers could top $200 million, Federal Communication Commission Chairman Ajit Pai suggested Friday.

The FCC said a lengthy investigation concluded that T-Mobile, AT&T, Sprint and Verizon improperly sold access to their customers' real-time location information. It alleges that the companies violated the law by failing to protect the geolocation information of hundreds of millions of customers.

"The FCC has long had clear rules on the books requiring all phone companies to protect their customers' personal information," Pai said. "And since these companies have been on notice that they must take reasonable precautions to safeguard this data and that the FCC will take strong enforcement action if they don't. Today, we do just that," Pai said.

The penalties will potentially be among the largest the agency has ever imposed, and the first time it has taken action on the matter. Details of customers' locations are a factor in an ongoing debate over privacy issues. Information on personal relationships, and even doctor visits, can be revealed, for example. While app makers routinely obtain and sell customer data, the telecommunications sector is confined by more stringent customer confidentiality laws.

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"It puts the safety and privacy of every American with a wireless phone at risk," FCC Commisioner Jessica Rosenworcel, said in a statement last month about the agency's investigation.

In January, a letter from Pai to Rep. Frank Pallone, D-N.J., confirmed that the investigation had concluded and that "one or more wireless carriers apparently violated federal law."

The letter did not mention if a financial penalty would be assessed. The companies involved will be allowed to argue against the f

Southwest Valley Constructors receives $175.4M for border wall in Texas

Construction crews work to erect levee wall system in a remote area south of Weslaco, Texas in the U.S. Border Patrol’s Rio Grande Valley Sector. Jan. 13, 2019. This week Southwest Valley Constructors was awarded a a $175.4 million contract to construct sections of the border wall in the Rio Grande Valley. Photo by Glenn Fawcett/CBP

Feb. 28 (UPI) -- Southwest Valley Constructors was awarded a $175.4 million contract for border wall construction in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas, the Pentagon announced Friday.

Work on this contract will be performed in Rio Grande City, with an estimated completion date of Oct. 4, 2021, according to the Department of Defense.

The project is funded with Fiscal 2018 and 2019 appropriation funds, with the full amount of the award being obligated immediately.

In May 2019 the Pentagon awarded Southwest Valley Constructors with a $646 million million contract for design and build of the border wall at Tucson, Ariz., after being selected to compete for each order of a $5 billion bid earlier that month.

According to the Arizona Daily Star, Albuquerque, N.M.-based contractor was formed in Delaware in March 2017, according to state records, with listed agents who are officers with Kiewit, an Omaha construction firm founded in the 1880s that had $9 billion in revenue in 2018.

Kiewit has also received border construction contracts -- a total of $1.8 billion by December 2019.

At a House Armed Services Committee hearing Wednesday lawmakers criticized the Pentagon for a reprogramming request that would divert $3.8 billion in defense funding to build sections of a wall along the U.S.-Mexico border.

Mallinckrodt reaches $1.6B deal to settle thousands of opioid lawsuits

Feb. 25 (UPI) -- Generic drug manufacturer Mallinckrodt announced a tentative $1.6 billion agreement Tuesday to settle thousands of claims brought against it in a sprawling lawsuit seeking financial compensation from pharmaceutical companies over their role in the ongoing opioid crisis.

Mallinckrodt, the United States' largest generic opioid manufacturer, said in a statement that the money will be paid into a trust over eight years and will cover the costs of opioid-addiction treatments and related efforts.

"In terms of next steps, the company is engaging with plaintiffs to finalize the details and satisfy the terms of the agreement in principle," the company's statement read. "Mallinckrodt intends to work through this process as quickly and efficiently as possible."

The company said its generic drug manufacture subsidiary will file for bankruptcy and once it emerges from the Chapter 11 process, the agreement, if finalized, will go into effect.

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The agreement, it added, was reached by a court-appointed executive committee representing the thousands of communities that have sued pharmaceutical firms over the country's ongoing opioid crisis.

It said the agreement was supported by 47 state and U.S. territory attorneys general.

The settlement comes as part of the National Presumption Opiate Litigation lawsuit out of Ohio against manufacturers of opioids, alleging they "grossly misrepresented the risks of long-term use" of their drugs by people with chronic pain, fueling the public health situation.

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"Reaching this agreement in principle for a global opioid resolution and the associated debt refinancing activities announced today are important steps toward resolving the uncertainties in our business related to the opioid litigation," Mallinckrodt President and CEO Mark Trudeau said in a statement. "Importantly, when finalized, we believe the proposed settlement and capital restructuring activities will provide us with a clear path forward to achieving our long-term strategy, preserving value for our financial stakeholders and providing us with the flexibility to operate effectively."

California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said Mallinckrodt has also agreed to tightened restrictions on its future opioid business that will bar it from marketing its opioids and control its distribution so the pain medicine won't end up in the wrong hands.

"Nothing can undo the devastating loss and grief inflicted by the opioid epidemic upon victims and their families, but this settlement with Mallinckrodt is an important step in the process of healing our communities," Becerra said in a statement. "Our office has worked aggressively with our coalition partners to hold accountable bad actors who fueled this public health crisis. While today's settlement is a step in the right direction, we'll continue to work to bring more much-needed relief to families throughout California whose lives have been upended by the opioid crisis."

RELATED 1 in 4 opioid overdoses involves children, teenagers


According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 2017, more than 70,000 people died in the United States from drug overdose with 68 percent of those deaths related to prescription or illicit opioids.

Mallinckrodt's global settlement in the Ohio lawsuit follows agreements in separate cases last year by OxyContin maker Purdue Pharma, Teva Pharmaceutical and Johnson & Johnson.

Marijuana, hemp businesses bolster commercial real estate


Dispensaries and other marijuana and hemp businesses are having an effect on local real estate in states where the pot is legal. File Photo by Iriana Shiyan/Shutterstock

DENVER, Feb. 26 (UPI) -- Commercial real estate markets across the United States are feeling a positive influence from the cannabis industry as property is bought, sold and leased for medical and recreational marijuana, a new report shows.

Hemp also is making waves in agricultural land sales and industrial real estate, agents say.

There were desert cities no one cared about until cannabis came along, said Ryan George, founder of cannabis real estate listing site 420property.com. "In Palm Springs, Adelanto, Cathedral City, [Calif.,] I personally know people who bought warehouses for $50 a square foot and sold them for $500 a square foot."

Marijuana is illegal at the federal level, which interferes with some aspects of buying, renting and selling real estate. But 23 states have legalized medical pot, and 11 of them, plus Washington, D.C., also allow recreational cannabis sales.

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Mature markets in states like Oregon, Washington and Colorado appear to have gotten a commercial real estate boost from marijuana, according to a National Association of Realtors report issued this month based on a 2019 survey of commercial brokers.

In states where all forms of marijuana have been legal for more than three years, 42 percent of survey respondents reported an increased demand for commercial warehouse space, and between 20 and 30 percent said they saw an increase in sales of retail properties and land.

But cannabis properties can come with regulatory hassles, said Vince Sliwoski, a Portland, Ore., real estate attorney. Recreational cannabis was approved in Oregon in 2015.

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"Title insurance is a huge headache," Sliwoski said. "Buyers often have to use a third-party escrow instead of banks."

Landlords with mortgages run a risk of banks calling in their loans if they are renting to a retail or industrial cannabis tenant.

Hemp doesn't have these issues, Sliwoski said, because marijuana's non-psychoactive cannabis cousin no longer is federally illegal.

RELATED Recreational marijuana now legal in Illinois

A south Oregon sawmill has been repurposed as a hemp extractor facility, and that shows how the region's economy is changing, he said.

"In southern Oregon, the biggest driver of the economy used to be timber, but now hemp is the new big agricultural commodity that people are banking on."

Denver-based Foster, of VIP Commercial real estate, remembers when Colorado legalized medicinal pot in 2008, "just as the entire economy was falling apart."

Many blamed the marijuana industry for higher rents, he said, but cannabis money for warehouses, dispensaries and doctor's offices was welcome. Colorado legalized recreational pot in 2014.

As the industry has matured, landlords are recognizing some pitfalls unique to renting to cannabis businesses.

Respondents from mature cannabis markets in the Realtor association study said the smell was the largest concern for property owners renting to cannabis-related businesses. Other concerns were moisture and mold and theft and fire.

"There are complaints that large warehouses that grow produce a smell that kind of takes over the neighborhood," Foster said. "You smell it on the highway, and it's like 'Welcome to Denver.'"

But even if marijuana initially helped hold up the prices of Colorado warehouse space, it's now too expensive to grow cannabis indoors, Foster said. Growers are turning to greenhouse properties in southern Colorado -- in the poorest areas of the state -- where land is cheaper.

Hemp cannabidiol extractors are moving into prime warehouse space with complicated build-outs including "explosion-proof rooms and air-release vents 150 feet high," Foster said.

"It's like a second gold rush," Denver commercial real estate agent Pete Foster said. "First it was cannabis in 2008 through 2012, and now it's the hemp."

In California, cannabis-friendly municipal ordinances and low tax rates caused a land rush between 2017 and 2018 in the Palm Desert area where the Coachella music festival is hosted, George said. But some investors were burned when they realized the high cost of retrofitting warehouse space to grow cannabis.

Some towns didn't have the electrical capacity to upgrade electricity in warehouses to grow, he said, adding, "Some people lost millions."

The ride has not been as wild in states where medical marijuana has been legalized.

"You need to get it approved by the county and then sometimes by the municipality, too," Miami-based Realtor April Rodriguez said.

Getting into the medical marijuana business is a billionaire's game, she said, with strictly limited state licenses going for $40 million "for the piece of paper -- that's before they even buy the land."

Rodriguez said some landlords want nothing to do with a medical marijuana dispensary, but sometimes change their minds after town hall meetings.

"Most of it is landlord education. They don't know what it is and wonder, are they going to get in trouble?" she said.

For states with no legal cannabis, but growing hemp industries, real estate is trickier, said Harold Jarboe of Tennessee Homegrown hemp in Readyville.

Jarboe, a hemp consultant, and others in former tobacco country, are operating on slim margins after a glut of 2019 supply and a steep drop in prices.

GenCanna, Tennessee's biggest hemp processor, filed for bankruptcy protection, and several others have shut their doors or lost financing, he said.

Jarboe said real estate agents are trying to find an entrance into the agricultural farm market.

"In agricultural areas where farming has been stressed, there's all sorts of warehouses and barns that need no refurbishing for hemp. But this next year, it will be extremely hard, because where will the margin be for the person doing the real estate?"

United Nations: More than 948K displaced in Syria in last 12 weeks

Civilians walk amid debris of a Russian military fighter jet in the eastern Idlib countryside in Syria on February 3, 2018. File Photo by Abdalla Saad/EPA-EFE

Feb. 26 (UPI) -- The United Nations said Wednesday the Syrian military offensive against rebel forces in the northwest portion of the country, including Idlib, has displaced nearly 1 million civilians in the last three months.

The U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs said a total of 948,000 have been displaced since Dec. 1, including almost 180,000 families and 560,000 children. A surge in recent fighting has led 14 European foreign ministers to call on the regimes in Syria and Russia to stop the hostilities.

The OCHA said in a report last week the humanitarian crisis has reached "horrifying levels" and exceeds "worst-case planning figures."

"Indiscriminate attacks in civilian areas continue to drive people from their homes and destroy vital services, including hospitals, markets, and schools," the report said. "Cold weather has made the situation worse.

"The frontlines in northwest Syria are rapidly moving closer to densely populated areas, with bombardments increasingly affecting [Internally Displaced Persons] sites and their vicinity."

The humanitarian organization Syria Civil Defense, also known as the White Helmets, has documented many of the dead and displaced, saying Wednesday it rescued 95 people, including 21 children, during a recent shelling that killed more than two dozen people and forced civilians from their schools and homes.

Russian Foreign Intelligence Service Director Sergey Naryshkin accused the White Helmets Wednesday of helping Western intelligence circulate lies and wage a media war against Syria.

"Two years ago, information spread around the world which claimed the responsibility of the Syrian Arab Army for the use of chemical weapons in Douma City and that was a pre-planned misleading by this organization and it was backed by Western states," Naryshkin said.

"After that, we were able in cooperation with Syrian journalists through their investigations to prove that these allegations and hypotheses regarding the use of chemical weapons are a complete fabrication by the [White Helmets] which is backed by the West."

Starbucks to offer plant-based sandwich in Canada stores

WILL NOT BE AVAILABLE IN ALBERTA 

WE'RE BEEF AND PORK COUNTRY AS WELL AS OIL

The breakfast sandwich will be available in Canadian Starbucks stores on March 3. File Photo by Kevin Dietsch/UPI | License Photo

Feb. 26 (UPI) -- Starbucks announced Wednesday it will introduce a Beyond Meat sandwich to its menu at locations in Canada, following a growing trend of North American restaurant chains that are now offering plant-based meat substitutes.

The company said it will add a new "meat," egg and cheese breakfast sandwich in Canadian stores starting March 3. Beyond Meat is one of the largest food companies that produce plant-based protein alternatives.

Starbucks said it has worked with the California-based Beyond Meat on the custom recipe, which features a plant-based patty topped with cheddar and egg.

"Starbucks is constantly innovating its menu to reflect a range of food and beverages from wholesome to indulgent, which allows customers to make nutritional and dietary choices that are right for them," the company said in a statement.

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Beyond Meat is competing with rival Impossible Foods for clients in the restaurant industry as it responds to rising customer demand for meatless alternatives.

Burger King, for instance, now offers an Impossible Whopper -- a plant-based version of its signature sandwich -- and McDonald's tested a Beyond Meat plant, lettuce and tomato (PLT) sandwich in Canada late last year. Since it debuted on Wall Street last May, Beyond Meat has also landed partnerships with Dunkin' Donuts, Del Taco and Subway -- and said last summer it will produce plant-based fried chicken for KFC.

Impossible Foods also has a large and growing client list, in addition to Burger King.

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Starbucks CEO Kevin Johnson said last month the coffee chain intended to add a meat alternative as part of an expanded sustainability plan that aims to cut carbon emissions in half within 10 years.

Researchers find hidden door, room in London House of Commons

The hidden doorway was filled with bricks during reconstruction work following World War II, officials said. Photo courtesy U.K. Parliament/Jessica Taylor

Feb. 26 (UPI) -- While performing heavy renovations at London's House of Commons this week, crews uncovered a long-forgotten doorway that officials say dates back to the mid-1600s -- and was probably used by some prominent British historical figures.

The House is undergoing a $5 billion restoration project and work recently found the doorway behind wooden panels. The passageway and subsequent room were originally installed for guests heading to the celebratory banquet at the 1660 coronation of Charles II, and was later used by lawmakers to access the Palace of Westminster, a medieval building where Parliament convened until the structure burned in an 1834 fire.

In a small room beyond the door, researchers found the original hinges for two wooden doors that would have opened into the old Westminster building.

The doorway was filled in with bricks during reconstruction work after the expansive legislative building was bombed in World War II.

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Experts say among those who likely used the doorway in the 17th century were Robert Walpole, Britain's first prime minister, statesman William Pitt the Younger and diarist Samuel Pepys.

Crews also found graffiti -- in pencil -- from 1851 when bricklayers closed part of the doorway. It read, "This room was enclosed by Tom Porter who was very fond on Ould Ale."

More graffiti read, "These masons were employed refacing these groines August 11th 1851 Real Democrats," a reference to a movement that called for all British men to have the right to vote.

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"To think that this walkway has been used by so many important people over the centuries is incredible," said House of Commons Speaker Lindsay Hoyle. "I am so proud of our staff for making this discovery and I really hope this space is celebrated for what it is, a part of our parliamentary history."

"We were trawling through 10,000 uncatalogued documents relating to the palace at the Historic England archives in Swindon, when we found plans for the doorway in the cloister behind Westminster Hall," said University of York historical consultant Liz Hallam Smith. "As we looked at the paneling closely, we realized there was a tiny brass keyhole that no one had really noticed before, believing it might just be an electricity cupboard. Once a key was made for it, the paneling opened up like a door into this secret entrance."

The hidden room even had working electricity, they said. After researchers opened the doors, they turned on a single, still-functioning light bulb that experts guess was probably installed during post-World War II restoration.

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Watchdog sues gov't for info about controversial Trump adviser

Adviser Stephen Miller attends a Cabinet meeting with President Donald Trump at the White House on November 19, 2019. File Photo by Oliver Contreras/UPI | License Photo

Feb. 26 (UPI) -- A government ethics watchdog filed a lawsuit against several federal agencies Wednesday to obtain information about the involvement of White House adviser Stephen Miller in the Trump administration's "public charge" immigration rule.

American Oversight said the suit seeks information from communications, including emails, between Miller and the Departments of Labor, Housing and Agriculture and the Centers for Medicare and Medicare Services.

The watchdog said Miller is the architect of the "public charge" rule, which allows the government to restrict immigration based on how likely it is any given migrant would apply for food stamps, Medicaid or other domestic services while living in the United States. American Oversight, and other critics of the rule, say it amounts to a "wealth test."

Miller has been an outspoken critic of unlawful immigration and in the past has been accused of having a white supremacist ideology. He is widely believed to have led President Donald Trump's tougher immigration policies. Federal lawmakers introduced legislation this month that called for Miller's condemnation.

"Stephen Miller has remained one of President Donald Trump's most influential aides," American Oversight said in a statement. "He has been the architect of the administration's Muslim-country travel ban, the defender of zero-tolerance family separation, the advocate of reducing refugee admissions and the promoter of rules that would allow the government to deny green cards to immigrants considered likely to use public assistance."

The "public charge" rule, which took effect Monday, restricts legal immigrants from receiving government assistance. After it was introduced last year, the rule was challenged in federal court until the U.S. Supreme Court voted to affirm it in a 5-4 vote Friday.

The lawsuit is part of American Oversight's overall investigation of Miller