Thursday, October 15, 2020

Amy Coney Barrett’s ‘ivory-tower cluelessness’ of ‘unpleasant realities in American life’ slammed by conservative

Published on October 15, 2020 By Matthew Chapman
RAW STORY
Supreme Court nominee Amy Coney Barrett during her Senate hearing. (Screenshot) CLUELESS 


On Thursday, writing for The Washington Post, conservative columnist Jennifer Rubin tore into Judge Amy Coney Barrett for refusing to engage with the real-world struggles faced by everyday Americans in her confirmation hearings.

“Her repeated efforts to avoid making statements on rudimentary moral principles (e.g., it is wrong to forcibly separate families) and basic facts (e.g., corporations have more power than an individual employee; the president cannot unilaterally change the date of the election as set in statute) made Barrett come across as disingenuous, evasive and clueless. She even refused to affirm the peaceful transition of power after an election,” wrote Rubin. “Either she has lived her life in a soulless vacuum, or she is terribly afraid of offending President Trump.”


“The most painful moments of the hearing may have come when Sen. Cory Booker (D-N.J.) took her through basic facts about voter suppression and bias in the criminal justice system,” wrote Rubin. “Her reactions suggested that much of the gross injustices faced by Black Americans, as Booker laid them out, were news to her. In an embarrassing admission, she could not identify any books, law review articles or studies on the legacy of racial discrimination — this at a time when many books on the subject are bestsellers. Not only did she come off as unknowledgeable about a critically important topic, but she apparently also has had no interest in getting up to speed on the great fault line through American life.”

“The general impression one gets from Barrett is that she is less knowledgeable about U.S. contemporary life than any Supreme Court nominee in recent memory, with the possible exception of Robert Bork,” wrote Rubin. “She cites theories of jurisprudence with ease, but she cannot acknowledge obvious political realities and facts about economic power, discrimination and science. That is a recipe for rigid, abstract judicial reasoning. Despite her insistence to the contrary, she seems to treat jurisprudence in a vacuum, with little regard for how it will affect others with whom she has little familiarity.”


“The hearing might nominally have been about Barrett’s confirmation, but it turned into a cringeworthy display of right-wing ideologues’ ignorance, if not indifference, to unpleasant realities in American life,” concluded Rubin. “It was also a compelling advertising for achieving more racial and socioeconomic diversity in Congress and the courts.”

You can read more here.
BEHIND A PAYWALL
FAILS SOFTBALL QUESTION
‘What am I missing?’: Amy Coney Barrett unable to name five freedoms in First Amendment

October 14, 2020 By David Edwards RAW STORY
Ben Sasse and Amy Coney Barrett appear at Senate Judiciary Committee hearing (PBS/screen grab)

Judge Amy Coney Barrett on Wednesday struggled to name the five freedoms that are protected by the U.S. Constitution’s First Amendment.

During her confirmation hearing, a Republican senator queried the Supreme Court nominee about her views on the First Amendment.

“What are the five freedoms of the First Amendment?” Sen. Ben Sasse (R-NE) asked.

“Speech, religion, press, assembly,” Barrett replied, counting with her fingers. “I don’t know. What am I missing?”

“Redress or protest,” Sasse offered.


“OK,” Barrett replied.

“Why is there one amendment that has these five freedoms clustered?” Sasse continued. “Why do they hang together?”

“Um, I don’t know what you’re getting at,” Barrett said.


Watch the video below from PBS.





Latest election stunt proves Uber and Lyft are their own worst political enemies





October 15, 2020 By Steven Hill, Independent Media Institute- Commentary

Uber Perth Launch (Facebook)

Like so much about politics today, the debate around Uber and Lyft’s Proposition 22 in California has quickly become polarized. Simplistic media narratives like “Silicon Valley versus labor unions,” or Uber’s self-serving argument that its drivers prefer flexibility over security, leave voters confused and torn.

But there is a more complex historical reality lurking beneath the headlines. Yes, the future of work is changing, and the labor laws must adapt, as the CEOs of Uber and Lyft asserted recently in a joint op-ed. Yet these companies have consistently missed numerous opportunities to act as good-faith partners for their drivers, and for society in general.

I have personally witnessed these companies’ failings. After my book Raw Deal: How the Uber Economy and Runaway Capitalism Are Screwing American Workers was published, I was asked to a meeting with high-level Uber representatives. Previously, I had also been part of a meeting with Lyft leaders. A central part of these discussions was my proposal calling for a “portable safety net” for their drivers, and for other types of freelance workers.

With a portable safety net, each worker would have an Individual Security Account into which any business that hires that worker would contribute an amount pro-rated to the number of hours worked for that business. Those funds then would be used by that worker to pay for her or his safety net needs, such as health care, Social Security, sick leave, and injured worker or unemployment compensation. Instead of pitting flexibility against security, a portable safety net would allow not only flexible work, but also the economic security that workers and their families need.

A number of countries already do something like this, and former President Barack Obama endorsed my idea in his 2016 State of the Union address. A statement of principles was signed by about 40 business, government, labor and NGO leaders—including the president and CEO of Lyft, John Zimmer and Logan Green—calling for a portable safety net as a foundation for the future of work in the 21st-century economy. Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi has also called for enacting a portable safety net plan.

It seemed like this had the makings of a win-win solution. But when legislative bills were introduced for a portable safety net in the states of Washington, New York and New Jersey, Uber and Lyft came to the bargaining table offering pocket change. Rather than contributing 20 percent of a worker’s wage that is necessary to fund an adequate safety net, Uber and Lyft offered to contribute 2.5 percent. And they wanted their contributions to be voluntary. In all three states, the legislation died because these billion-dollar companies frittered away real opportunities.

When California legislation was proposed, Uber and Lyft once again countered with a paltry portable benefits package. With no serious negotiating partner on the other side, the California legislature overwhelmingly passed Assembly Bill 5 to reclassify drivers as employees rather than independent contractors. Now it’s the law, but Uber and Lyft have refused to implement it. This has resulted in multiple lawsuits and legal judgments against these renegade companies. One study found that if their drivers had been classified as employees in the last five years, Uber and Lyft would have paid more than $400 million into California’s unemployment insurance fund. Instead, California taxpayers have footed the bill for the significant wage and benefit gaps created by these companies and their crummy gig jobs.

These bitter losses prompted Uber and Lyft to join with DoorDash and Instacart to spend more than $184 million—the highest amount for a ballot proposition in California history—to try to pass Proposition 22.

A Broken Business Model

One can’t help but wonder why these multibillion-dollar companies, who can dig deep into their piggy banks to spend on this ruinous ballot measure but not on their drivers, consistently come to the bargaining table offering pocket change. Well, there’s more to this story.

It turns out that, despite how badly they underpay and mistreat their drivers, Uber and Lyft are still in huge financial trouble. They have been losing billions of dollars every year, even as their stocks have collapsed. Profit margins are inherently low in the taxi business, and their predatory business model massively subsidizes more than half the cost of each and every ride in their bid to boost market share and undercut the competition. As a result, traditional taxi companies and livery drivers have been pushed to the desperate edge of bankruptcy, and airport shuttle companies have been driven out of business.

Public transportation has also been damaged. Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, public transit ridership in most major cities had declined, as commuters opted for half-priced Uber and Lyft rides over the mass ridership experience. One of the most ambitious studies of ridesharing impacts, conducted by researchers at the University of California, Davis Institute of Transportation Studies, found that ridesharing results in a dramatic rise in the number of trips made and miles driven in an automobile, as well as a pronounced reduction in the use of mass transit. All of that contributes greatly to increases in traffic congestion and carbon emissions.

Certainly, for the small minority of people who use Uber and Lyft’s subsidized rides, most of them younger, college-educated, better-off Americans (their use is “double the rate of less-educated, lower-income” people), this transportation option has been helpful. But for the vast majority who do not use these companies’ services, and who ride on the bus or drive personal vehicles, stuck in Uber-congested traffic, ride-hailing’s legacy has been decidedly negative. In short, ride-hailing has been bad for most ride-hailing drivers, and bad for congestion and traffic flow, and bad for public transportation.

So what are these companies offering with Proposition 22? Yet another miserly version of a portable safety net. For example, the value of Proposition 22’s offered health benefit is about $1.20 an hour—but that’s well below the value of benefits mandated for employees under state and federal laws (which is more like $4 to $6 per hour, depending on the occupation). And many drivers would not be able to afford their share of the health care premiums, which would range from 20 to 60 percent.

Prop 22 also will not likely offer higher wages because of a complex formula that will be used to determine “minimum wage.” A study by the University of California, Berkeley Labor Center found that if Proposition 22 passes, many drivers could earn as little as $5.64 an hour once their considerable driving expenses are subtracted, which is not even half of California’s minimum wage of $12 per hour.

None of Prop 22’s offerings come close to what drivers will receive if voters reject it and drivers remain regular employees instead of independent contractors. Even worse, Proposition 22 would lock in these serf-like conditions, since it will require an unprecedented 88 percent vote by the state legislature and the governor’s signature to change it.

Uber and Lyft are their own worst enemies. They entered the taxi business 10 years ago, breaking every law in the books, motivated by the Silicon Valley philosophy of “move fast and break things.” Well, they broke it, and now they can’t figure out how to fix it.

As California Attorney General Xavier Becerra has said, “Any business model that relies on short-changing workers in order to make it probably shouldn’t be anywhere, whether California or otherwise.” Ride-hailing has been popular and seemingly has potential, but the public must insist that these companies not profit by shifting all the risk onto their workers and hurting the environment. The vote over Prop 22 is about making a stand for the type of jobs and businesses Californians want to see in their Golden State.


Steven Hill (www.Steven-Hill.com) is the author of Raw Deal: How the Uber Economy and Runaway Capitalism Are Screwing American Workers and Expand Social Security Now: How to Ensure Americans Get the Retirement They Deserve.

This article was produced by Economy for All, a project of the Independent Media Institute.

Trump claims he’ll get China to pay America for COVID
REMEMBER THE WALL MEXICO WAS GOING TO PAY FOR?!



 October 15, 2020 By Brad Reed

President Donald Trump’s signature campaign promise in 2016 was to force Mexico to foot the bill for a wall along the southern U.S. border.

That pledge fell through, and the president was forced to declare a “national emergency” in which he pilfered funds from other programs to get money for the project.

Despite this failure, the president on Thursday insisted that he would get China to pay America back for all the damage caused by the novel coronavirus.


As reported by CNN fact checker Daniel Dale, the president told Fox Business’s Stuart Varney that he wasn’t worried about the cost of a proposed stimulus package because the U.S. would eventually get China to repay all the money spent.

“It’s gonna come back anyway,” Trump said, referring to the money. “And we’re gonna take it from China. I’ll tell you right now. It’s coming out of China.”

Varney then asked Trump how he’d make China pay for the COVID stimulus package.

“Well, there’s a lot of ways, okay?” he replied. “There’s a lot of ways. And I’ll figure every one of ’em out. I already have ’em figured out.”

Asked how the US can get coronavirus relief money out of China, as he just claimed, Trump says, "Well, there's a lot of ways. Okay? There's a lot of ways. And I'll figure every one of 'em out. I already have 'em figured out."
— Daniel Dale (@ddale8) October 15, 2020




WHITEHOUSE LAUGHS AT CRUZ
NO,NOT SHELDON FROM BIG BANG THEORY
WATCH: Sheldon Whitehouse laughs at Ted Cruz’s attempt to dismiss his exposé of shadowy right-wing judicial groups

 October 14, 2020 By Travis Gettys
Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) laughed at Sen. Ted Cruz (R-TX) during a lunch break in the Supreme Court confirmation hearing for Amy Coney Barrett.

The Rhode Island Democrat has spent his time during the hearings exposing the shadowy right-wing network that’s identifying, selecting and promoting judicial nominees, and Whitehouse went on MSNBC during the break to respond to Cruz’s claims.


“Do you want this dark money nonsense or do you not?” Whitehouse said. “Republicans want it, we do not, but since the Republican majority on the Supreme Court created unlimited money in politics and allowed dark money to infiltrate that, we have to fight back, and we have no choice but to do that. I think we’re doing the right thing to do that, but it’s the height of hypocrisy to blame us for participating in a game that they have protected.”

Whitehouse laughed as he called Cruz a hypocrite, and he brushed off host Chuck Todd’s question about who was winning the messaging war.

“I don’t know that it’s a messaging war,” Whitehouse said. “I think it’s a war for integrity in government and a war for transparency and a war to get grubby special interest fingers out of places they don’t belong. I think it’s important that we win that war, and let me be clear about the Federalist Society, if I may. I have no objection to the Federalist Society on law school campuses. I have no objection to them running a think tank. What I object to is being anonymous donors, $250 million by the Washington Post’s estimate, to take over and control who gets nominated to the United States Supreme Court. That is wrong. The Federalist Society should not be in that business, no private entity should be in that business and none of them should accept dark, anonymous money.”

“Both the Republican Party and the Federalist Society are being used by these very big, very wealthy interests and industries to try and control the judiciary,” he added, “and I think it’s happening to a certain extent in plain view.”

Whitehouse then suggested Barrett was being used as a pawn for these right-wing interests, just as Justice Brett Kavanaugh became after some unknown party spent $17 million to get him onto the court.

“I have concerns with her ideologically primarily,” Whitehouse said, “and with the fact that so many Republicans who are involved in her appointment have been signaling what it is that she’s going to do, and this rush to Nov. 10 obviously signals that’s their idea of a torpedo at the Affordable Care Act, even if she doesn’t think so.”
Uganda's Bobi Wine says raid aimed at blocking presidential bid

Issued on: 15/10/2020 
  
The 38-year-old was detained for several hours SUMY SADURNI AFP/File

Kampala (AFP)

Uganda's pop star-turned-politician Bobi Wine said Thursday that a raid on his offices was an attempt to block his bid to run in a presidential election due early next year.

Wine, an opposition MP whose real name is Robert Kyagulanyi, told AFP that security forces had taken documents containing millions of signatures a candidate is required to collect to enter the presidential race.

The 38-year-old was detained for several hours during the raid on Wednesday.

"The raid on Wednesday was surgical. It targeted the seven million signatures supporting my candidature, our campaign materials and to instil fear on a determined nation clamouring for change," Wine said.

"The raid has taken us a step backwards because we are running out of time for my nomination in about two weeks time since most signatures were taken by security during the raid."

He accused the government of veteran President Yoweri Museveni of employing "desperate strategies to stay in power but our supporters are determined to fight back and appendix their signatures on my nomination papers."

The electoral commission will begin its nomination of presidential candidates on November 2.

He also accused the police and army of stealing some 23 million Ugandan shillings ($6,200, 5,300 euros) donated by citizens for the nomination of his National Unity Platform (NUP) parliamentary candidates.

However, police spokesman Fred Enanga denied this, saying "no money was taken from the offices."

Army spokeswoman Flavia Byekwaso said Wednesday that the purpose of the raid was to seize outfits and berets worn by Wine's supporters, that they argue are military wear.

Uganda on September last year designated the red beret and tunic which have become Wine's signature as official military clothing, imposing a punishment of up to five years in prison for any civilian found wearing it.

Wine has defied the directive and urged his supporters to keep wearing the party colours.

Security forces also raided shops manufacturing and selling clothing similar to that worn by Wine's supporters.

Wine has become a popular figure among the youth in a country where the median age is less than 16.

Since becoming an MP in 2017, he has been routinely arrested and put under house arrest, his concerts banned and public rallies dispersed with teargas.

After nearly a quarter century in power, the 76-year-old Museveni is the only president most have known.

Museveni, one of Africa's longest-serving rulers, had the constitution amended for a second time to allow him to run a sixth time in 2021.

© 2020 AFP
Israel's settlement approvals hit record high: watchdog

Issued on: 15/10/2020 

Israeli approvals of settlements in the occupied West Bank has reached a record high in 2020, watchdog Peace Now says -- such as this building site at the Har Gilo settlement near Jerusalem MENAHEM KAHANA AFP


Jerusalem (AFP)

Israel has approved over 12,000 West Bank homes in 2020, a record high for Jewish building in occupied Palestinian territory, settlement watchdog Peace Now said Thursday.

The announcement came after a defence ministry planning committee approved plans for 4,948 more homes during a two-day meeting held Wednesday and Thursday, Peace Now said.

The latest approvals come less than a month after the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain signed agreements to normalise relations with Israel, which in return pledged to freeze its plans to annex swathes of the West Bank.


"These approvals make 2020 the highest year on record in terms of units in settlement plans promoted since Peace Now began recording in 2012," Peace Now said in a statement.

"The count so far is 12,159 units approved in 2020," it added, noting that the committee might hold another round of approvals before the end of the year.

"While de jure annexation may be suspended, the de facto annexation of settlement expansion is clearly continuing," Peace Now said.

"These recent approvals put to rest any speculation about a de facto settlement freeze."

The Palestinians and neighbouring Jordan on Wednesday condemned the recent approvals.

Palestinian presidential spokesman Nabil Abu Rudeina said Israel had exploited improving relations in the Gulf and "blind support from the Trump administration".

US President Donald Trump sees the Gulf accords as part of his broader initiative for Middle East peace.

But a controversial plan he unveiled in January gave US blessing to Israeli annexation of large chunks of the West Bank, including the settlements, communities considered illegal under international law.

Israel agreed to delay those plans under its normalisation deal with the UAE, something Emirati officials have cited in response to Arab and Muslim criticism.

The two Gulf countries were only the third and fourth Arab states to normalise relations with Israel, following Egypt in 1979 and Jordan in 1994, and Netanyahu has said he sees others following.

The Gulf agreements broke with years of Arab League policy on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which made its resolution a precondition for normalising ties with Israel.

Excluding annexed east Jerusalem, more than 450,000 Israelis live in Jewish settlements in the occupied West Bank, alongside some 2.7 million Palestinians.

© 2020 AFP
New HBO-BBC show skewers cut-throat global finance

Issued on: 15/10/2020 -
"Industry" exectutive producer Jane Tranter described director Lena Dunham, shown here, as a "bubble of joy" Angela Weiss AFP/File

London (AFP)

A long-awaited HBO-BBC TV series depicting the toxic culture of a fictional international finance firm's UK graduate programme premiered at the London Film Festival this week ahead of its November release.

"Industry" starkly portrays pervasive issues of race, class and gender poisoning the bank's scheme in the British capital as ambitious twenty-somethings compete for permanent jobs.

Several episodes in the much-anticipated series were shown virtually from Sunday to Wednesday at the 12-day film festival, which is taking place largely online because of coronavirus restrictions.

The first instalment, directed by Hollywood star Lena Dunham, is set to hit the small screen in the United States on November 9, and in Britain and some European countries the next day.

It dives straight into an ugly portrayal of the contentious world of global finance and its cut-throat graduate schemes, with snobbery, racism and sexism all on show.

In one scene in the women's toilets, a seemingly privileged white graduate unflinchingly tells another that a black participant's "narrative" is impossible to compete with.

"Everything's aligned for her," she complains. "I know she went to a shit uni, and I know she's black," adding that meant "tick, tick" in the eyes of politically correct recruiters.

The black character, Harper, played by rising star Myha'la Herrold, overhears the disparaging conversation. She is also sexually assaulted in a taxi by a high-powered female investor client with whom she has just attended a company dinner.

Meanwhile another ethnic minority graduate who has confessed to being made to feel inadequate by fellow participants because of his humble background, commits suicide after printing a page in the wrong font in a lengthy report.

- 'Behind closed doors' -

"Industry" is the brainchild of Wales-based production company Bad Wolf and its co-founding executive producer Jane Tranter, who was behind previous HBO hits "The Night Of" and "Succession" as well as several popular BBC series.

A former head of the British broadcaster's revenue-generating BBC Worldwide arm in the US, she first conceived of the project after reading some years ago about the death of an intern working for an American bank in London.

"It just made you start to think about what goes on behind closed doors and how can it be?" Tranter told a London Film Festival panel discussion this week.

Bad Wolf commissioned two rookie screenwriters, Konrad Kay and Mickey Down -- who had both worked for international banks in London -- to pen the eight-part drama.

"They were fresh out of it, they still had the scent of that life on them," Tranter said, adding: "This great howl of truth kind of came out".

The next steps in the years-long gestation of the series saw HBO get on board, offering up "Girls" creator and actress Dunham to direct the pilot episode.

Tranter recalled her arriving at their Welsh filming studios with an aura of celebrity about her and being a "bubble of joy the whole time".

The executive producer noted those in the series likely to win audiences' allegiances were not "the characters that you normally see winning, and certainly not winning in a bank, on screen".

"You don't really see the message that you've written, if you like, until you pull back and look at it all," Tranter said.

"In 'Industry', when you pull back and look at where all the bad ones are, they are all without exception white men. And definitely men."

© 2020 AFP

Thai police clear protesters after emergency order bans public gatherings

Issued on: 15/10/2020 - 02:50

Police officers advance with riot shields during the 47th anniversary of the 1973 student uprising, in Bangkok, Thailand, October 15, 2020. 

© Soe Zeya Tun, Reuters

Text by:NEWS WIRES

Thai riot police cleared thousands of protesters from outside the prime minister’s office early on Thursday as an emergency decree banned large gatherings and the publication of sensitive news in the face of escalating protests. 

A series of demonstrations over three months have brought tens of thousands of people onto the streets of Bangkok to demand the departure of Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha, a former junta leader, and a new constitution.

They have also broken a longstanding taboo by calling for reforms to the powerful monarchy of King Maha Vajiralongkorn – and in an act cited by the government as one reason for its emergency measures they obstructed a royal motorcade.

Shortly after the emergency decree took affect at 4 a.m. (2100 GMT), riot police advanced behind shields on protesters who had camped outside Government House. Many of the thousands who had protested there late on Wednesday had already left.

Some protesters tried to resist with makeshift barricades of garbage cans, but they were swiftly pushed back. By dawn, hundreds of police occupied the nearby streets and city workers began cleaning up.


At least three of the protest leaders were arrested, Thai Lawyers for Human Rights said. Police made no immediate comment.

The government said it acted in the face of increasing disorder and after the obstruction of the motorcade.

“It is extremely necessary to introduce an urgent measure to end this situation effectively and promptly to maintain peace and order,” state television announced.

The emergency decree bans big gatherings of five or more people and allows authorities to stop people from entering any area they designate.

It also prohibits “publication of news, other media, and electronic information that contains messages that could create fear or intentionally distort information, creating misunderstanding that will affect national security or peace and order.”

Thai Lawyers for Human Rights said that three protest leaders had been arrested. It named them as Parit Chirawat, rights lawyer Arnon Nampa and Panupong Jadnok. It said Arnon had been arrested on charges related to a speech he gave in the northern city of Chiang Mai. It said it did not know the grounds for the other arrests.

Tens of thousands of protesters marched in Bangkok on Wednesday.

The protest movement aims to remove Prayuth, who took power in a 2014 coup that was meant to end a decade of violence between supporters and opponents of the country’s establishment.

Those marching on the streets also want a new constitution and have called for a reduction in the powers of the king.

Protesters shouted at the king’s motorcade in Bangkok on Tuesday after the arrest of 21 protesters. On Wednesday, some protesters slowed a convoy carrying Queen Suthida, giving the three-finger salute and chanted “get out” at police protecting the vehicle.

(REUTERS)


'I had to do it': the student leader defying Thailand's royal taboo


Issued on: 15/10/2020 - 
Lillian SUWANRUMPHA AFP
Bangkok (AFP)

Thai activist Rung jabbed at the establishment when she demanded reform of the all-powerful monarchy last month -- a stand that saw her bundled into a car and arrested on Thursday.

The university student, whose real name is Panusaya Sithijirawattanakul, has become one of the best-known faces of Thailand's swelling pro-democracy movement, now targeted by a forceful government crackdown.

She was the first to read out 10 demands to reform the kingdom's monarchy before thousands of protesters at a rally on August 10, leading the defiance against the country's biggest political taboo.

They included more transparency for the royal family's fortune and the abolition of the royal defamation law, which carries a sentence of up to 15 years in jail per charge.

"When I left the stage, I felt like I had expanded the boundaries... raised the limits on how people can talk about the monarchy," the bespectacled sociology and anthropology student, now 22, told AFP late August.

Calls challenging the previously unassailable royal family have grown louder since, culminating in the unprecedented challenge by some protesters Wednesday who raised three fingers as the motorcade ferrying Queen Suthida and Prince Dipangkorn drove by.

By early Thursday, "serious" emergency measures were imposed in Bangkok to put a stop to what the government described as unconstitutional demonstrations.

As fellow activists were arrested, Rung criticised the emergency measures on a live feed.

"The crackdown is illegitimate, because in a democracy, we should be able to rally," she said.

Hours later, police arrested Rung in her hotel room, with the scene broadcast to tens of thousands of people on Facebook Live.

She is one of 22 detained for Wednesday's protest and a government spokesman has warned legal procedures will be pursued against those who had "acted in a way that defames the monarchy".

- 'Time to adapt' -

Born 1998 in Nonthaburi to a middle-class family running an auto workshop, Rung said she was just 10 years old when she first questioned the reverence with which the country was expected to treat the royals.

Her entire neighbourhood was ushered out onto the streets to pay respects to a royal motorcade.

"I remember thinking: 'Why did I have to go? Why did they have to force me and other people to kneel down?'"

Shielded by draconian defamation laws, the super-rich monarchy wields enormous influence in nearly every sphere of Thai society -- and is buttressed by an arch-royalist military.

Rung said she became "radicalised" as she saw the 2014 coup unfold when she was 15.

"Soldiers don't have the authority to rule the country and everything broadcast then was propaganda," she told AFP.

Partly inspired by the Hong Kong democracy protests, Thai activists are calling for a complete overhaul of the government of Premier Prayut Chan-O-Cha, the former army chief who led the 2014 coup.

The current protesters see Prayut's administration as only serving the elite.

At the apex of power sits King Maha Vajiralongkorn, who has made unprecedented changes to the institution since ascending the throne in 2016.

He has taken personal control of the palace's fortune, worth an estimated $60 billion, and also moved two army units under his direct command.

The burgeoning youth-led movement wants changes "meant to sustain the monarchy in a way that is adapted" to the modern world, said Rung.

"No one should be more important or higher than anyone else."

- 'My life would change forever' -

But speaking out comes at a cost.

At least nine pro-democracy activists who fled Thailand since the 2014 coup have disappeared in the past two years, according to Human Rights Watch.

Even before their latest arrest Thursday, Rung and other student leaders had been hit with multiple charges, including sedition, carrying a maximum sentence of seven years in jail.

Some analysts -- and even student leaders themselves -- have recalled the events of 1976, when students protesting the return of a military dictator were shot, beaten to death and lynched by state forces and royalist mobs.

But Rung continued to travel to rallies outside Bangkok to make speeches and helped organise gatherings in encrypted message groups that attracted thousands.

"I knew that after I read out the 10 demands, my life would change forever," the softly-spoken activist said as she played with her kitten.

"I still had to do it."

© 2020 AFP

'Free our friends!': Thousands defy Thai crackdown after emergency decree, arrests http://f24.my/6ygp


Thailand protests, pro-democrary protesters and royalists hold rival rallies


Thailand protests: Hundreds of protesters gather in Bangkok, defying ban




 

Whitebark pine declines may unravel the tree's mutualism with Clark's Nutcracker

Whitebark pine depends heavily on nutcrackers for seed dispersal and germination; but if whitebark pine seeds aren't abundant, the nutcracker will find another food source, making it harder for remaining pines to reproduce

THE INSTITUTE FOR BIRD POPULATIONS

Research News

IMAGE

IMAGE: A CLARK'S NUTCRACKER PERCHES IN A WHITEBARK PINE. PHOTO BY FRANK D. LOSPALLUTO/FLICKR. (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0) view more 

CREDIT: PHOTO BY FRANK D. LOSPALLUTO/FLICKR. (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

The relationship between the whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), an iconic tree of western mountaintops, and the Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), a brash bird in the crow family, is often used as an example of the biological concept of mutualism: a relationship between species where both benefit. The pine provides large, nutritious seeds to the nutcracker. The nutcracker buries these seeds for later use in scattered hiding spots, inevitably failing to retrieve some and effectively planting the next generation of whitebark pine. But the mutualism between the pine and the nutcracker is not equal. While the pine depends heavily on nutcrackers for seed dispersal and germination, the nutcracker merely prefers the whitebark pine's seeds. If whitebark pine seeds aren't available or abundant, the highly mobile nutcracker will fly off and find another food source.

A study published today in the journal PLOS ONE suggests that the inequality in the pine-nutcracker mutualism may make this partnership vulnerable when the populations of one of the partners declines. Scientists from The Institute for Bird Populations, the National Park Service, and the Northern Rockies Conservation Cooperative found that the mutualistic relationship between whitebark pine and Clark's Nutcrackers may be threatened by local declines in the tree's population.

The researchers used data from separate tree and bird monitoring programs in five national parks to examine the relationship between Clark's Nutcracker and whitebark pine in each park. The parks included two in the Pacific Northwest: Mount Rainier and North Cascades, and three in central California: Yosemite, Kings Canyon and Sequoia. In the Pacific Northwest, whitebark pine populations have been decimated by a fungal disease called blister rust. But the disease is not yet widespread in the central California region.

"We observed a dramatic decline in Clark's Nutcracker within Mount Rainier National Park, where the number of birds counted in the park fell steadily to zero over a decade, and those losses appeared to track an observed decline in healthy whitebark pine," says the lead author of the paper Dr. Chris Ray, a research ecologist with The Institute for Bird Populations. An observational study like this one cannot determine whether the decline in whitebark pine caused the nutcrackers to leave, but the lack of nutcrackers, regardless of the cause, has important consequences for the remaining whitebark pine. "There might be other reasons why we no longer detect many nutcrackers at Mount Rainier during the summer," explains Ray, "but a total loss of nutcrackers would clearly disrupt the mutualism there, curtailing local seed dispersal and germination of whitebark."

Whitebark pine health is designated by the National Park Service as a "vital sign" of the subalpine ecosystems where it grows because it is a keystone species. This means that it is critical to their ecological function, supporting many other plants and animals that live there and influencing processes like snow retention and spring run-off. Declines in whitebark pine populations have been attributed to an interacting set of factors including blister rust disease, mountain pine beetle infestations and climate change.

Park managers are very concerned about the dramatic declines in whitebark pine in recent decades and what they mean for the ecosystems the pine calls home, says National Park Service ecologist and co-author of the study Dr. Jonathan Nesmith. "These declines have been so severe that whitebark pine is a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act. By understanding what is going on with whitebark pine we can better understand what is happening more broadly in the high elevation systems where they grow and how they might be changing due to climate change and other stressors."

The researchers note that in North Cascades National Park, where whitebark pine populations have also declined, Clark's Nutcracker populations "fluctuated wildly" rather than declining to zero as in Mount Rainier National Park. It is possible that nutcrackers, who routinely fly up to 30 kilometers in a day, may be taking advantage of whitebark pines outside the park boundaries.

The nutcrackers may also be shifting their foraging patterns and seeking other tree species. In the central California parks, where whitebark pine populations are still relatively healthy, Clark's nutcrackers were not always associated with whitebark pine. "In Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, nutcrackers were often detected in areas where foxtail pine appeared more common than whitebark," says Ray. "These results suggest that nutcrackers can leave areas where whitebark pine is in decline and seek resources elsewhere, which might mean that declining seed dispersal should be added to the list of current threats to whitebark."

The mathematical model developed by the researchers to examine the association between Clark's Nutcrackers and whitebark pine integrates data from two completely separate monitoring programs in these 5 national parks, one focused on birds and another focused on subalpine trees. This largescale approach yielded findings that would not have been obtainable from either program alone, or from monitoring in just a single park. The model can now be used to study the nutcracker-whitebark mutualism further, as more data become available, and perhaps improve monitoring of the bird and the pine. From Ray's perspective, this may be the most important implication of the study: "During the process of developing this model we identified ways that these monitoring programs might expand to help answer questions relevant to the management of these species."