Monday, April 06, 2020

Virus hope in Europe as US girds for 'Pearl Harbor' moment

AFP / Lucas BARIOULETA French first aid worker from the Protection Civile Paris Seine holds an oxygen mask over the mouth and nose of a male patient suspected of being infected with COVID-19 a he lies in an ambulance
Europe's hardest-hit nations saw some tentative signs of hope in the fight against the coronavirus Monday but the United States braced for its "Pearl Harbor moment" as the country's death toll raced towards 10,000.
The virus has infected virtually every corner of the planet, confining nearly half of humanity to their homes and turning life upside down for billions on a deadly march that has claimed nearly 70,000 victims.
 
AFP /COVID-19 in the US
Queen Elizabeth II delivered only her fourth emergency address in a 68-year reign to urge Britain and Commonwealth nations to "remain united and resolute" as Prime Minister Boris Johnson was hospitalised with the disease.
But there was cause for cheer in some European hotspots, with Italy reporting its lowest death toll in two weeks, Spanish fatalities dropping for the third straight day and France seeing its fewest dead in a week.
 
AFP / ADRIAN DENNISVal Cloke sits in her living room in the village of Hartley Wintney watching Queen Elizabeth II deliver a special address to the UK and Commonwealth about the coronavirus outbreak
"The curve has started its descent and the number of deaths has started to drop," said top Italian health official Silvio Brusaferro, adding the next phase could be a gradual easing of a strict month-long lockdown.
In Spain, nurse Empar Loren said: "The situation is more stable. The number of patients in intensive care is not growing much anymore, and we are starting to discharge quite a few."
 
AFP / Bryan R. SmithThe United States is bracing for its "Pearl Harbour moment" as the country's death toll races towards 10,000
At a field hospital set up at a Madrid conference centre, staff applauded whenever a patient was healthy enough to be sent home.
Builder Eduardo Lopez, 59, gave a "10/10" rating to the staff who cared for him "with tenderness and a great dose of humanity".
- '9/11 moment' -
But while the curve was bending in Europe, there was little sign of let-up in the United States, where the death toll approached 10,000 and authorities warned worse was around the corner.
AFP / Natalia KOLESNIKOVAA municipal worker cleans and disinfects walkways in a yard in Moscow, during the strict lockdown in Russia
"This is going to be the hardest and the saddest week of most Americans' lives, quite frankly," US Surgeon General Jerome Adams told Fox News.
"This is going to be our Pearl Harbor moment, our 9/11 moment, only it's not going to be localised."
The death toll in hardest-hit New York state rose to 4,159, Governor Andrew Cuomo said, up from 3,565 a day prior.
AFP / Sergei GAPONA man stands in front of giant crosses in the town of Achmiany, some 130 km northwest of Minsk, during Palm Sunday celebrations
It was the first time the daily toll had dropped but Cuomo said it was too early to tell whether that was a "blip."
Images from New York showed medics in protective gear wheeling bodies on stretchers to refrigerated trailers repurposed as makeshift morgues.
The city that never sleeps was quiet, the streets around Time Square deserted as neon lights continued to flicker, one reading: "2020. To those fighting for our lives. Thank you."
AFP / Michael TeweldeOrthodox Christians pray on the street after police officers barred their way to the Medhane Alem Cathedral, as the government warned the public to avoid large gatherings to curb the spread of the COVID-19 (novel coronavirus) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
President Donald Trump has warned of "horrific" death toll numbers and John Hopkins University said more than 1,200 people had died of coronavirus complications over the past day.
- 'Starve to death' -
In an empty Saint Peter's Square, Pope Francis, head of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics, appealed for people to show courage in the face of the pandemic.
AFP / SANJAY KANOJIAResidents in Allahabad light candles and turn on their mobile phone torches outside their homes during a nine-minute vigil called by India's Prime Minister in a show of unity and solidarity in the fight against the coronavirus pandemic
The elderly pontiff, who himself has been tested twice for the virus, celebrated his Palm Sunday mass by livestream.
Other religious leaders went to more extraordinary lengths to deliver the traditional Palm Sunday blessing, with Archbishop Jose Domingo Ulloa of Panama celebrating from a helicopter.
The effective mothballing of the global economy is beginning to hit hard with analysts warning poverty levels will spike with millions of jobs lost despite unprecedented stimulus programmes.
AFP / Aizar RALDESMunicipal workers disinfect the streets of La Paz, Bolivia, as a preventive measure to slow the spread of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19
Iran, whose economy has suffered the double blow of the virus and punishing US sanctions, said it would allow "low-risk" economic activity to resume as daily infection rates fell for a fifth straight day.
But some in poorer countries are already chafing against curfews destroying their livelihoods.
"How can anyone stay home without anything to eat?" asked Garcia Landu, a motorcycle taxi driver in Angola's bustling capital Luanda.
AFP / DELIL SOULEIMANMembers of the Kurdish Red Crescent check passengers for COVID-19 symptoms upon their arrival at the Qamishli airport in Syria's northeastern Hasakeh province
"Better to die of this disease or gunshot than to starve to death," he said.
UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres urged governments to protect women from rising domestic violence.
"For many women and girls, the threat looms largest where they should be safest. In their own homes," he said.
Describing a rise in abuse as "horrifying," he said authorities should "make the prevention and redress of violence against women a key part of their national response plans for COVID-19."
Despite the gloom, heartwarming examples of humanity around the globe have lifted spirits, with ordinary people doing what they can to help those on the medical front line.
In a Barcelona restaurant, chefs flipped burgers to deliver to nurses and doctors. "When you deliver the food and you see they're happy, that makes us happy and it makes us stronger," said delivery man Daniel Valls.
And in the southern Italian city of Naples, a street artist lowered a "solidarity food basket" from his balcony, hollering "If you can, put something in. If you can't, take something out."
"We started by putting a piece of bread, a bag of pasta, a box of peeled tomatoes," said English-language tutor Teresa Cardo, who also lowered a basket.
"And two hours later, the basket was completely full."
burs-ric/
ALAS POOR VANUATU

Monster storm strengthens in Pacific, lashing Vanuatu


AFP/File / JEREMY PIPERCyclone Harold is strengthening and threatening Vanuatu, which is still recovering from the devastation unleashed by Cyclone Pam in 2015
A deadly Pacific cyclone intensified as it hit Vanuatu on Monday, threatening a natural disaster that experts fear will undermine the impoverished nation's battle to remain coronavirus-free.
Tropical Cyclone Harold, which claimed 27 lives when it swept through the Solomon Islands last week, strengthened to a scale-topping Category 5 superstorm overnight, Vanuatu's meteorology service said.
The cyclone is now packing winds of up to 235 kilometres per hour (145 miles per hour), prompting red alerts across several provinces.
It made landfall on the remote east coast of Espiritu Santo island on Monday morning and was heading directly for Vanuatu's second-largest town Luganville, which has a population of 16,500.
The slow-moving storm is expected to pass north of the capital Port Vila early Tuesday.
"For now, we don't have any reports of injury, but lots of damage," Red Cross Vanuatu secretary general Jacqueline de Gaillande told AFP.
Another concern is the impact a large natural disaster could have on Vanuatu's attempts to remain one of the world's few countries without any reported COVID-19 infections.
The nation has sealed its international borders to avoid the virus but emergency measures including bans on public meetings have been temporarily suspended so people can gather in evacuation centres.
"There have been no confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Vanuatu, but a significant disaster at this time could present serious logistical challenges to delivering life-saving aid," Oxfam's Vanuatu director Elizabeth Faerua said.
- Widespread destruction -
A major international relief effort was needed the last time a Category 5 system, Cyclone Pam, hit Vanuatu in 2015.

AFP / AFPTropical Cyclone Harold
If a similar operation were needed in the wake of Cyclone Harold, it would run the risk of importing the virus to a nation that lacks the health infrastructure to deal with even a mild outbreak.
New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern raised concerns about the cyclone and said the Kiwi military was ready to deploy if needed, even though New Zealand is on COVID-19 lockdown.
"(Harold) looks like it's coming into the Pacific with considerable force," she told reporters.
"Our defence force is at the ready, that's the role they play regardless of what's going on in New Zealand."
Cyclone Pam flattened Port Vila, killed 11 people and left a swath of destruction that the World Bank estimated wiped out almost two-thirds of Vanuatu's economic capacity.
De Gaillande said Vanuatu's government could face a balancing act between helping cyclone-devastated communities and potentially importing the virus by allowing in international aid.
"We will need international aid, but we're hoping initially it will be through funding only, so we can buy supplies and help those most in need," she said.
"We have a lot of skilled people on the ground here already (to carry our disaster operations)."
Cyclone Harold has already caused widespread damage in the Solomon Islands, where an inter-island ferry ignored weather warnings and 27 people were washed off its decks.
Solomons police said Sunday that the bodies of five passengers from the MV Taimareho had been recovered and the search would resume the next day.
"I would like to thank everyone... involved in the search for the missing 27 people so far as we try as much as possible to find the bodies so their grieving relatives can give them a proper burial," chief superintendent Richard Menapi said.
The ferry set off from Honiara for Malaita island on Thursday night, packed with more than 700 people as part of a government evacuation programme in response to the virus crisis.


Monster storm strengthens in Pacific, lashing Vanuatu


With Cyclone Harold strengthening, Vanuatu is still recovering from the last time a scale-topping, Category-Five system, Cyclone
With Cyclone Harold strengthening, Vanuatu is still recovering 
from the last time a scale-topping, Category-Five system, 
Cyclone Pam, hit the impoverished Pacific nation in 2015, pictured
A deadly Pacific cyclone intensified as it hit Vanuatu on Monday, threatening a natural disaster that experts fear will undermine the impoverished nation's battle to remain coronavirus-free.
Tropical Cyclone Harold, which claimed 27 lives when it swept through the Solomon Islands last week, strengthened to a scale-topping Category 5 superstorm overnight, Vanuatu's meteorology service said.
The cyclone is now packing winds of up to 235 kilometres per hour (145 miles per hour), prompting red alerts across several provinces.
It made landfall on the remote east coast of Espiritu Santo island on Monday morning and was heading directly for Vanuatu's second-largest town Luganville, which has a population of 16,500.
The slow-moving storm is expected to pass north of the capital Port Vila early Tuesday.
"For now, we don't have any reports of injury, but lots of damage," Red Cross Vanuatu secretary general Jacqueline de Gaillande told AFP.
Another concern is the impact a large natural disaster could have on Vanuatu's attempts to remain one of the world's few countries without any reported COVID-19 infections.
The nation has sealed its international borders to avoid the virus but emergency measures including bans on public meetings have been temporarily suspended so people can gather in evacuation centres.
"There have been no confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Vanuatu, but a significant disaster at this time could present serious logistical challenges to delivering life-saving aid," Oxfam's Vanuatu director Elizabeth Faerua said.
Tropical Cyclone Harold
Map locating Tropical Cyclone Harold which intensified to a category five storm as it hit Vanuatu on Monday.
Widespread destruction
A major international relief effort was needed the last time a Category 5 system, Cyclone Pam, hit Vanuatu in 2015.
If a similar operation were needed in the wake of Cyclone Harold, it would run the risk of importing the virus to a nation that lacks the health infrastructure to deal with even a mild outbreak.
New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern raised concerns about the cyclone and said the Kiwi military was ready to deploy if needed, even though New Zealand is on COVID-19 lockdown.
"(Harold) looks like it's coming into the Pacific with considerable force," she told reporters.
"Our defence force is at the ready, that's the role they play regardless of what's going on in New Zealand."
Cyclone Pam flattened Port Vila, killed 11 people and left a swath of destruction that the World Bank estimated wiped out almost two-thirds of Vanuatu's economic capacity.
De Gaillande said Vanuatu's government could face a balancing act between helping -devastated communities and potentially importing the virus by allowing in international aid.
"We will need international aid, but we're hoping initially it will be through funding only, so we can buy supplies and help those most in need," she said.
"We have a lot of skilled people on the ground here already (to carry our disaster operations)."
Cyclone Harold has already caused widespread damage in the Solomon Islands, where an inter-island ferry ignored weather warnings and 27 people were washed off its decks.
Solomons police said Sunday that the bodies of five passengers from the MV Taimareho had been recovered and the search would resume the next day.
"I would like to thank everyone... involved in the search for the missing 27 people so far as we try as much as possible to find the bodies so their grieving relatives can give them a proper burial," chief superintendent Richard Menapi said.
The ferry set off from Honiara for Malaita island on Thursday night, packed with more than 700 people as part of a government evacuation programme in response to the virus crisis
NASA-NOAA satellite catches Tropical Cyclone Harold develop near Solomon Islands

© 2020 AFP
Virus sparks boom for local farmers in import-dependent Hong Kong
AFP / ANTHONY WALLACEMany Hong Kong residents are turning to local producers for fresh food after a wave of coronavirus-fuelled panic buying
THINK GLOBALLY
 ACT LOCALLY
After a coronavirus-fuelled wave of panic-buying briefly left Hong Kong's supermarket shelves bare, residents are turning to local producers for fresh food in a city almost entirely reliant on imports.
COVID-19 has threatened global supply chains as countries impose lockdowns and border restrictions, but for Hong Kong's dwindling farming community, the pandemic has sparked a sudden boom in business.
The twice-weekly market at Mapopo Community Farm in suburban northeast Hong Kong has doubled takings since the outbreak became a major public health issue in February.
AFP / ANTHONY WALLACEHong Kong's local farmers have seen a boom in business in recent weeks, with some struggling to keep up with demand
"All of a sudden, so many people came to our fair for vegetables that our supply could not meet the demand," said founder Becky Au, who gave up her job in the city's financial heart a decade ago.
The pandemic has prompted more people to rethink what can be produced in Hong Kong, said Mandy Tang, who runs a campaign group that rallies behind the city's farmers by promoting local produce.

AFP / ANTHONY WALLACECampaigners say the pandemic has forced people to rethink what can be produced locally in Hong Kong
"Just like people are starting to manufacture masks and hand sanitisers in Hong Kong, the epidemic is driving everyone to think (about) what can be done with our own hands," she said.
Hong Kong imports a staggering 98 percent of its vegetables, but it wasn't so always reliant on food from beyond its borders.
Half a century ago, half of the greens consumed in the city were grown locally.
But that steadily dropped with Hong Kong's rapid economic growth and urbanisation in the 1960s and 70s, and local products were replaced with cheap imports from mainland China.
"The pandemic makes us realise that more buildings are not making a city happier," said Lau Hoi-lung, an agriculture researcher at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
"Hong Kong must rethink its old habit of relying on shopping around the world and neglecting its own resources in order to become more resilient to (a) global crisis."

SOCIALISM OR BARBARISM ROSA LUXEMBURG


Apple to ship 1 mn face shields a week for medical workers

AFP/File / Josh EdelsonApple has said it will ship one million face shields a week for medical workers
Apple has said it will soon be producing one million face shields a week for medical workers battling the coronavirus pandemic.
The tech giant had already sourced 20 million surgical masks from around the world to help address a global shortage, chief executive Tim Cook said in a video posted to Twitter on Sunday.
But the company had also designed its own transparent protective face shield and begun mass production at its factories in the US and China, he added.
"We plan to ship over one million by the end of this week," said Cook.
Initial distribution would be focused on the US but the company hoped to "quickly expand distribution" to other countries, he said.
Apple joins several global firms that have modified their production lines to meet demand for protective gear, including Italian luxury brand Prada.
US President Donald Trump last month issued a federal order forcing auto giant General Motors to manufacture ventilators after a shortage of the hospital equipment, which is crucial for treating critical COVID-19 cases.
THIS IS THE CHAOS OF FREE MARKET CAPITALISM, WHERE VOLUNTARISM AND VOLUNTEERISM REPLACE SOCIAL PLANNING AND PLANNED DISTRIBUTION REQUIRED TO FIGHT AND DEFEAT DEADLY PANDEMICS LIKE COVID-19.ONLY SOCIALISM, SOCIAL SOLIDARITY AND MUTUAL AID CAN DEFEAT THIS PANDEMIC AND THOSE APPEARING IN THE FUTURE



Coronavirus: from China to the US, consumer behaviour radically altered as world retreats into ‘survival mode’

FROM PRODUCTIVE CAPITAL (FORDISM) 
TO THE DOMINANCE OF THE CONSUMER (CREDIT CARD CAPITALISM)

The coronavirus pandemic has completely changed patterns of consumer psychology across the world, experts say

Complexity of the crisis, the number of variables and its magnitude make a consumer recovery unprecedented and difficult to predict

Cissy Zhou and Mark Magnier Published:1 Apr, 2020

The coronavirus has caused panic buying around the world as consumers frantically stockpile of goods such as toilet paper, hand sanitisers and masks. Illustration: Brian Wang

Before the coronavirus crisis began rippling through the global economy, Susan Wang had big plans for 2020.

Not only was she going to buy a new Apple MacBook and iPad, plus a projector so she could host friends for movies at home, but she was set on making a career move.

“I was planning to change my job, but my headhunter told me that all recruitment has been postponed to the second quarter,” said the 27-year-old who works for a British company in Hong Kong.

“Our headquarters in London has a plan for redundancy, too. It is better to save some money in case I get laid off.”

As Covid-19 spreads across the world, sending stock markets reeling and prompting big companies to slash jobs, Wang has become increasingly frugal like scores of other consumers from China to the United States.

She has stopped eating at restaurants and now tries to keep her weekly food bill under HK$500 (US$64), whereas in the past she wouldn’t think twice about spending HK$100 per meal.

Amid mounting uncertainty, the coronavirus pandemic – which has claimed the lives of more than 41,000 people and infected at least 842,000 worldwide – is fundamentally changing consumer behaviour in Asia, Europe and North America.

Consumer experts said the 2009 global financial crisis, the Great Depression that started in 1929 and the September 11 terrorist attacks give some clues about how and when global consumption might recover. But the complexity of this crisis, the number of variables and its magnitude make this consumer recovery unprecedented and difficult to predict, they added.

Coronavirus: What impact will the economic fallout from the Covid-19 pandemic have on you?

“The coronavirus pandemic has completely changed patterns of consumer behaviour all over the world. People are afraid, and when people are afraid, they go into survival mode,” said Jesse Garcia, a Los Angeles-based consumer psychologist, who is also the CEO of market consulting firm My Marketing Auditors.

Hong Kong’s retail sales plummeted a record 44 per cent in February and those figures are only expected to get worse, with sales forecast to slump between 30 and 40 per cent in the first half of the year, according to the Hong Kong Retail Management Association.

In the US, retail sales dropped by 0.5 per cent in February, even before many states had issued stay-at-home orders to protect the world’s largest economy. The decline was the biggest fall since December 2018.

Experts say non-essential products and services are set to be worst affected by the coronavirus pandemic, while goods and services that can be consumed at home will see a spike in sales.

The coronavirus pandemic has completely changed patterns of consumer behaviour all over the world. People are afraid, and when people are afraid, they go into survival modeJesse Garcia



“Online consumer behaviour is frenetic,” said Ross Steinman, a professor of psychology at Widener University in the US state of Pennsylvania. “Consumers are refreshing and refreshing and refreshing websites to secure grocery delivery times, purchase paper towels from their usual big box retailer and scavenge for rice and canned soup from third party sellers on Amazon.

“A pronounced spike in coronavirus cases will only amplify the freneticism.”
So far, one of the biggest shortages for consumers is toilet paper. Television stations across the globe have beamed images of empty supermarket shelves and huge queues as people hoard toilet paper rolls, masks and hand sanitiser.

The frantic stockpiling can be explained by a psychological concept called informational conformity, said Vicki Yeung, associate professor at the Department of Applied Psychology at Lingnan University in Hong Kong.

A pronounced spike in coronavirus cases will only amplify the freneticism
Ross Steinman

“When people lack knowledge and are in an uncertain situation, they tend to follow the group’s behaviour and blindly conform, but once they obtain more information, and digest and process the situation, the panic gradually fades away,” she said.

“During this Covid-19 pandemic, people generally feel jittery and anxious because they feel their sense of control has disappeared.”

Unlike other recent global crises such as the September 11 attacks, the coronavirus is less a one-time sharp shock to the system and more of a rolling source of anxiety that could retreat and resurface repeatedly, consumer behaviour experts said.

This was the pattern with the Black Death plague that hit Europe in 1347 and returned episodically over many years, ultimately killing millions of people.

During this Covid-19 pandemic, people generally feel jittery and anxious because they feel their sense of control has disappearedVicki Yeung

“It may be we’ll have to shut down things again in October or August. And this could go on for years,” said Charley Ballard, an economist with Michigan State University in the US. “The more that happens, the more damage it does to buoyant consumer psychology.”

Furthermore, relative to the 2009 financial crisis and even the Great Depression, when much of the damage was concentrated at least initially in the financial sector, this crisis has seen virtually the entire economy grind to a halt all at the same time, devastating employment and consumption.


Last week, a record 3.3 million Americans applied for unemployment benefits within one week, as restaurants, hotels, barber shops, gyms and retail outlets shut down in a nationwide bid to stem the pandemic. The previous record of 695,000 was set in 1982.


On Tuesday, Goldman Sachs predicted the US jobless rate will hit 15 per cent in the second quarter of this year from the coronavirus economic freeze, and could rise further beyond that to near the historic peak of 24.9 per cent seen in 1933 during the Great Depression. Economists at the St. Louis district of the US Federal Reserve projected unemployment could cost as many as 47 million jobs in the US this year, sending the unemployment rate past 32 per cent before making a sharp recovery.


US now has world’s most coronavirus cases, surpassing China
China’s unemployment rate jumped to 6.2 per cent for January and February from 5.2 per cent in December and 5.3 per cent a year earlier. It was the highest level since records began in 2016, but did not include China’s estimated 291 million migrant workers.

Consumer spending accounts for more than 60 per cent of the Chinese economy and drives 70 per cent of the US economy. But with the pandemic causing many people to go into hibernation and likely to lead to cycles of job cuts, economists have predicted a consumer-led global recession by the second quarter of this year.

Just how long it will take for consumer behaviour to return to normal depends on each person’s psychological resilience, including how quickly they can adapt to change, how optimistic they are and whether they can adopt strategies to regain a sense of control, Yeung said.

Anirban Mukhopadhyay, chair professor of marketing at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, said as long as the coronavirus threat was still present, people would remain fearful to some extent. But he added that people were resilient.

Satellite images show world sites deserted amid coronavirus pandemic

“Human beings adapt to events and stimuli over time,” Mukhopadhyay said. “Research has shown that even people who win lotteries tend to return to their earlier levels of life satisfaction after some months, as do people who have to have amputations.

“So even if the source of the fear does not go away, we learn to live with it.”

Ballard, from Michigan State University, estimated it could take upwards of two years for American consumers to feel secure enough in their jobs and gain enough confidence to fully open their wallets. A longer and more episodic duration for the disease could push that higher, he added.

Further complicating the consumer picture, he said, is that many supply chains are at risk of breaking. And consumers will be wary of spending for a while in many traditional areas, including crowded sporting events and concerts, restaurants and flights.


A new phase of coronavirus blame game: what is the legacy of Covid-19 on global supply chains?

Some experts have even suggested that consumer behaviour may be permanently changed as a result of the pandemic.

“It seems very unlikely that people will get back to life as it was before, once the coronavirus is over,” said Andreas Kappes, a lecturer in psychology at City University of London

“People’s behaviour is extremely orthodox, often referred to as the status quo bias and captured in expressions like ‘past behaviour best predicts future behaviour.’ Now, the crisis forces us to change our behaviour, radically, and we might discover that new way suits us better.”

TIME TO TRY SOCIALISM AND SOCIAL SOLIDARITY
MUTUAL AID


Additional reporting by Simone McCarthy.

This article appeared in the South China Morning Post print edition as: Why we might change the habits of a lifetime

COMMENTS

Cissy Zhou
Cissy joined the SCMP in 2019. Prior to that, she has been a producer at BBC News and investigative reporter at CaiXin Media. She is interested in China's politics and economy.

Mark Magnier
Mark Magnier is a US correspondent based in Washington. Before joining the Post, he worked for the Wall Street Journal in China and for the Los Angeles Times in India, China and Japan. He’s covered the Chinese economy, China and India’s explosive rise and conflicts in Iraq, Pakistan and Afghanistan.

Coronavirus