These Fake Local News Sites Have Confused People For Years. We Found Out Who Created Them.

As they stole stories from real newspapers, these sites baffled scientists, activists, and journalists. Until now.

Craig SilvermanBuzzFeed News Reporter
Posted on February 6, 2020, at 2:45 p.m. ET

Alex Merto for BuzzFeed News

Jay Pinho and his wife, Victoria, rely on Google Alerts to track the public appearances of US Supreme Court justices on their website, SCOTUS Map. But late last year, the results began to worry them.

“A crop of news [website] domains were popping up that I'd never heard of before, and they were often publishing directly plagiarized pieces from real outlets,” he told BuzzFeed News.




In addition to being plagiarized, the content flooding his Google Alert results was often at least a year old. Adding to the confusion, it was published on websites that at first glance seemed like legitimate local news sites, with names like the Livingston Ledger, Denton Daily, and Hoback Herald. They also noticed another set of financial news sites doing the same thing, with names like Stock Daily Dish and Daily Stock Dish.

“Sometimes their links would represent a large portion of the Google Alerts for news on a given Supreme Court justice for several days in a row, and then they would suddenly disappear from the alert emails,” he said.

The Pinhos didn’t fall for the trap, but other people did — many of whom should have known better.

Stories from these sites have found their way into the tweets of the executive director of Human Rights Watch, the Natural Resources Defense Council, voter rights organizations, gun control advocates, and scientists. One tweet from a political activist that linked to a plagiarized story received more than 13,000 retweets and likes.




People who caught the sites plagiarizing began speculating about the motivations of whoever was running them. One person noticed that their Google Alerts for Julian Assange were flooded with results from the sites, leading them to warn that “cyber marketing tools are being used in the propaganda war against #WikiLeaks.” One researcher labeled the network of sites “a malicious information operation masquerading as a news aggregator.”

Neither was the case. In fact, the plagiarized sites are part of an operation run by a North Carolina man with a background in the financial information industry. And the motivation is simple: money.

A BuzzFeed News investigation has identified a network of roughly 100 sites dating back to at least 2015 that have been plagiarizing stories from major news organizations, masquerading as local news and financial outlets, and manipulating Google News and search results to earn money through ads, through financial email subscriptions, or by referring people to dubious investments.

Domain registration records and other information, including confirmation from a business partner, show that the network is run by Matt McGorty. His brother Tim, who also worked in the financial information industry, is linked to the network via domain registrations, but his role is unclear. The McGortys did not respond to multiple interview requests and a detailed set of questions.


BuzzFeed News



A McGorty site with plagiarized content

These sites show how easy it's been to bypass the procedures Google uses to keep low-quality sites out of Google News. In November, Tara Calishain, an author and professional researcher who runs researchbuzz.me, warned that ”junk news” sites had infiltrated Google News. They were so prevalent in results that she had to reconsider her assumption that sources included in Google News “have been vetted to a certain extent.”

The McGorty sites are also the latest example of how online local news has become polluted by ad fraudsters, political hucksters and operatives, and Russian trolls. These impostors trade on the trustworthiness of local journalism by adopting names that evoke small-town newspapers. Some even adopt the names of now-shuttered outlets that once served communities. They bank on the fact that the average person — and the people in charge of reviewing sites for Google News — will assume the Denton Daily or Jamestown Journal is a real news outlet. And they profit from it.

After conducting an internal investigation, Google terminated two AdSense advertising accounts that belonged to the McGortys. A company spokesperson added that in December, the company made changes to Google News to help keep these kinds of sites out of the service.


@moniqueomadan / Twitter

Public outrage about the sites spiked in May when Miami Herald immigration reporter Monique O. Madan tweeted about driscollregister.com, which was stealing work from her paper.

“People whom I have spoken to in the past, that I've interviewed, were sharing my story — but from another website, and it was [my text] in full and the byline was not my byline,” Madan told BuzzFeed News.

She said the Herald found dozens of examples of ripped-off stories on different sites but was unable to identify the culprits.

BuzzFeed News was able to identify sites in the network and the McGortys by connecting domain registration records, advertising and analytics IDs, the IP address of servers, social accounts and sharing patterns, and content on the websites. Pinho, the cofounder of SCOTUS Map, conducted his own investigation and also attributed the sites to the McGortys.

Their strategy appears to be to seed the sites with plagiarized content to make them appear real. This helps them get accepted into Google News. Once accepted, the sites reprint press releases or content provided by a partner, with an aim at attracting traffic via Google News, Google Alerts, social shares, and search engine optimization. The sites monetized this traffic with ads placed via the Google AdSense network, and referral fees for helping drive sign-ups for a financial information newsletter.

Many of the domain registration records for the sites used the email account retirementplannins@gmail.com. In some cases, that account was accompanied by the name Chris Smith and an address in Destin, Florida. That email address was used to register berkshirehousecleaners.com, the website of a business run by Matt McGorty’s wife. A 2016 Boston Globe article mentioned the business, focusing on how she and Matt spent part of the year living in Destin.

Tim McGorty is linked to the operation via the magaoti@gmail.com email address, which appeared in the domain registration records for dozens of the sites. Tim operates a Facebook profile named Ma Gao Ti that is almost exclusively friends with members of the McGorty family.

Both brothers, who live in North Carolina, began working for NASDAQ in 2013 after being employed by Thomson Reuters, according to their LinkedIn profiles. In 2016, the Boston Globe reported that Matt “works for NASDAQ, updating financial websites.” A NASDAQ spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that the brothers worked for a subsidiary that is now an independent company called Interdo. The company, which was previously called West, offers a suite of digital media products and services, including website and content development. Interdo declined to comment on whether Matt McGorty is a current employee. Tim currently runs a web design and video business.

The earliest McGorty site identified by BuzzFeed News was oraclebeacon.com, active in 2015, according to the Wayback Machine.

The websites often falsely presented themselves as genuine news outlets, divided into two categories: local and financial news.

For instance, the about page of richlandstandard.com described itself as “an independent family-owned media company located in Bedford, Texas.” Another site in the network, riverdalestandard.com, previously described itself as “an independent financial media company located in Buckner, Kentucky.” That domain now claims to belong to a new owner using an even-more misleading description. It’s about page now features text plagiarized from CNN Digital: “Staffed 24 hours, seven days a week by a dedicated team in River Dale Standard bureaus around the world, River Dale Standard platforms deliver news from almost 4,000 journalists in every corner of the globe.”

The McGorty sites with financial domain names also misrepresented their ownership. Several sites claimed their owner was a man named Scott Gentry, who does not appear to exist. Others listed fake names for editors, and at least five had the same about text that identified them as an “independently owned upstart financial web and crypto currency portal.”

Madan, the Miami Herald reporter, said that once accepted into Google News, the sites could have altered the content of her stories to mislead people or spread false information to a large audience.

“Thankfully, it was just copy-and-pasted [content], but it could easily be distorted and warped into whatever it is that that individual wants to convey to the world,” she said.


BuzzFeed News
Two websites in the MarketBeat network.

The McGorty sites heavily promote an email newsletter offered by MarketBeat, a South Dakota–based financial information site that Entrepreneur magazine named one of the “best entrepreneurial companies in America,” and Inc. magazine ranked as one of the fastest-growing private companies in the US. It calls itself the “go-to resource for individual investors and institutional investors alike.”

MarketBeat pays partners a fee for each email subscriber they generate, according to the company’s owner, Matthew Paulson. He said Matt McGorty is his contact for the network of sites identified by BuzzFeed News.

Paulson said he had no editorial control over the McGorty sites and that he was “concerned” about the plagiarism after being shown examples.

But MarketBeat also operates its own network of more than 60 imposter local sites and financial news outlets that have a similar naming structure to the McGorty sites, such as Cody Courier and Jamestown Journal. MarketBeat’s website claims the sites “garner more than 5 million pageviews each month.”

Prior to this week, the sites did not disclose their connection to MarketBeat. In some cases, they misled readers about their ownership and frequently used pseudonyms for writers.

After being contacted by BuzzFeed News, Paulson added a disclaimer to his sites to note they were run by his company.

“We see them as general news websites that help promote our company's newsletter and generate online advertising revenue through search engine optimization and social media marketing,” he said.

Paulson said some of his freelance writers used pseudonyms “due to other work and career responsibilities they may have.” BuzzFeed News identified at least one case in which a MarketBeat site plagiarized an article from the Washington Post. Paulson removed it on Monday, saying “we really do try to make sure that only original content appears on our websites.”

Paulson said he was considering shutting down his affiliate program. “Frankly, it’s becoming more trouble than it’s worth and this current situation isn’t helping matters much,” he said.

Paulson also emphasized the difference between his network of sites and those run by Matt McGorty: “I do hope you note that there is a marked difference in quality of content, design, and transparency between our websites and websites that belong to other individuals that you may mention in your article.”

Regardless of what Paulson may do, the McGortys have already done damage. Pinho said the experience of piecing the network caused him to question whether Google was properly moderating what it inputted into Google News.

“It's pretty crazy to have to wade through months- or years-old pieces plagiarized from other news sources in an email service provided by a company whose mission is ostensibly to organize the world's information,” he said.

His encounter with the McGorty sites also makes him concerned for the future of journalism.

“It's pretty depressing that in addition to all the other well-documented financial problems that newsgathering and reporting faces, there's this added problem of grifters stealing content and monetizing it for themselves,” he said. “It all feels pretty dystopian.”

---30---

Canada’s little-known geological wonder



On the remote Purple Sands Beach, the sand can appear in a spectrum of chromatic hues, ranging from lavender to magenta and sometimes even pink.

The last time Candice LaFaver spotted the purple
grains of sand along the shoreline at Candle Lake Provincial Park was in 2018.


That July, she and her family had taken out their boat for a leisurely summertime cruise on this freshwater lake located in northern Saskatchewan when she glanced over to a deserted stretch of beach and couldn’t believe what she saw.

Near the lake’s north-eastern edge, an area that can only be reached by boat, LaFaver noticed a thick stripe of vibrantly coloured sand wrapping across the shoreline like a ribbon on top of a present.

“I hadn’t seen that big of a ribbon in a long time,” recalled LaFaver, who works as the park manager for this government-protected landscape that spans 78 sq km and has become a recreational haven for outdoor enthusiasts.

“Some years you can’t see it until you’re on it. Other years, just a band of it appears,” she said. This particular band, she added, measured about 60cm wide and spanned the entire length of the beach, and was one of the largest she had ever seen.

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For 25 years, LaFaver has lived in the tiny resort village of Candle Lake, a community of 850 full-time residents that falls within the provincial park boundary lines. She’s seen how the hue and length of the coloured sand fluctuates with the changing of the tides and the seasons. So, on that afternoon, knowing that next year it may not appear in the same illuminating fashion, or at all, LaFaver and her family seized their opportunity.

“We got off the boat and hung out there the whole day,” she said. “I didn’t know when I would get to see it that distinct along the whole shore [again].”

Known simply as “Purple Sands Beach”, this secluded expanse of land has earned a reputation around Canada for its awe-inspiring geological feature. The grains of sand can appear in a spectrum of chromatic hues, ranging from lavender to magenta and sometimes even pink. Vivid particles can appear smeared down the shore like an artist’s brushstroke, scattered in clusters across rocks and rippled beneath the water’s surface in the lake’s shallow bays.


The hue and amount of coloured sand fluctuates with the changing of the tides and the seasons (Credit: Stephanie Groat)

Seeing this natural phenomenon in person has become a pilgrimage for naturalists, geological fanatics and out-of-town visitors, who arrive year-round with hopes of catching a glimpse before it disappears underneath snowfall for much of the year or becomes washed away in the tide.

“Well, you don’t think it’s real,” said Debbie Hunter, 64, a Candle Lake local who lives near Minowukaw Beach, one of the park’s designated campgrounds.

It’s hard to believe that there’s purple sand. It’s just – it’s bizarre, really.

After a strong windstorm or an occurrence of large wave breaks, Hunter has seen traces of the purple sand displaced all around this landscape that shares a border with provincial forestland. Some residents have even reported seeing the coloured grains along the shores of Torch Lake, a smaller body of water that feeds into Candle Lake, but not in the same copious amount or vibrancy.

While the imagery of purple sand may appear like something from a fairy tale, there is a geological explanation behind it. According to Kevin Ansdell, professor of geology at the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon, all beaches attribute their colouring to the minerals, rocks and shells that comprise their various sand particles.

The most common component of sand is silicon dioxide in the form of quartz (Credit: Ryan McDonald)

“If you go around the world, there’s all sorts of different coloured beaches,” explained Ansdell, whose work includes public outreach and education about the diversity of geological landscapes within Saskatchewan. “Obviously, the most common are the typical white sands that you think about. Those are typically made of lots of rounded grains of quartz.”

As the second-most common mineral found on Earth, quartz is the reason why so many shorelines have white sand, he said.

However, white is not the only hue to decorate a coastline. Iceland and Hawaii, for example, each have a collection of black-sand beaches, which owe their dark and moody tones to volcanic lava rock. And there are other examples around the world where minerals and sediment have transformed bodies of water into surreal-looking landscapes. Peyto Lake in Banff National Park in Alberta owes its turquoise colour to glacial sediments suspended in its water; while the Yellow River in western China, which originates in the province of Qinghai, has accumulated so much silt and sediment that the river remains a constant shade of blonde.

The environment of northern Saskatchewan, however, owes its colouring to a mineral that has been discovered all around the world but is found in large quantities across northern Canada. “With the purple-sand beaches, of which Candle Lake is one example,” Ansdell said, “the most likely mineral is the mineral called garnet.”




Purple Sands Beach owes its colouring to the mineral garnet, which is found inside rocks that date back more than a billion years (Credit: Scott Shillington)

For thousands of years, this colourful and resistant mineral, one that comes in a variety of shades but which is mostly seen as dark red, has been discovered in rocks across the Canadian Shield, a large section of the North American continent that encompasses a majority of the northern half of Canada. This mineral-rich landmass extends from Labrador in the east to Manitoba in the west and all the way north into the Northwest Territories, including most of northern Saskatchewan. Because of this landscape’s vast size and ancient history, the resources found in the Canadian Shield have become valuable components of the nation’s economy.

“In the Canadian Shield overall, there’s lots of different mineral deposits,” said Ansdell, of the gold, copper, nickel and even diamonds that are often uncovered, in addition to minerals like garnet.

Found inside rocks that date back more than a billion years, garnet is created during metamorphism, a chemical and mineralogical process that happens when rocks become buried deep inside the Earth’s crust as its tectonic plates shift. Through various processes, these rocks change their internal compositions to adjust to higher pressures and temperatures, Ansdell explained.

“Obviously if you’ve got garnet in the sands, the garnet must have come from somewhere,” he said. “It’s almost certainly the metamorphosed rocks in northern Saskatchewan.”


Garnet was carried south from the Canadian Shield by glacial activity during the most recent Ice Age and deposited on the lake shore (Credit: Leanne Summers)

These rocks were then transported across the province during the most recent Ice Age, which ended approximately 12,000 years ago, when large sheets of ice slid across exposed sections of the Canadian Shield, scattering their contents in places like Candle Lake. Over time, the rocks were broken down and carried downstream by fresh water sources, reworked by the tides and eventually collected in one place, said Ansdell.

While the residents of Candle Lake may not know all the scientific details about how its most famous beach receives its alluring sparkle, they do remember how it felt when they saw it for the first time.

“I was a just kid, probably just 14,” recalled Hunter, about her first encounter with the purple sand more than 50 years ago. Hunter grew up in the nearby city of Prince Albert and began visiting the lake before there was a paved highway. “If you had rain or any miserable weather… yikes,” she joked, about making the 80km journey to visit her husband’s family who owned a cabin in the Candle Lake community.

It’s a small-knit community and they seem to look out after each other

Back then, mostly avid fisherman and hunters were drawn to the lake’s clear water that is home to many fish species, including the walleye, pike, perch, burbot, whitefish and sucker, and its abundant wildlife, like elk, bear, wolves and deer. After a new highway was constructed in the mid-1970s, which connected this distant village to the rest of the province, word spread and Candle Lake quickly became a year-round destination.

In 1986, the government of Canada established it as a provincial park, to “protect the fringe of the northern forest and to offer a variety of recreational opportunities in all seasons.”




During winter, Candle Lake freezes over and turns into a barren ice field (Credit: Ryan McDonald)

Like many environments in the upper reaches of the northern hemisphere, Candle Lake is one of extremes. During the winter months, its glassy surface transforms into a barren ice field. Pickup trucks and ice shacks dot the horizon and provide shelter for the brave fishermen who, even when temperatures drop to -30C, drill holes into this dense, icy covering to catch their dinner. Locals stay active by playing in the town’s curling league and shovel snow for their neighbours who may need extra help, said Hunter, who serves as a volunteer fire fighter and first responder.

“The people are so friendly,” she said. “It’s a small-knit community and they seem to look out after each other.”

By late April, longer days and warmer temperatures help the lake thaw out, and by July, families start to arrive by the carload to celebrate Canada Day, the busiest time of year, when close to 15,000 visitors pack the shoreline to celebrate the national holiday.

No matter what time of the year it is, Purple Sands Beach and the beauty of this rugged landscape attracts people from around the world, and some of its biggest admirers plan to stay for a while.

“I’ve done a lot of travelling, but work has kept me here and I’m very content with that,” said LaFaver. “[Candle Lake] is a beautiful place to work and live.”

NASA warns climate change is disrupting a major ocean current
Brittany A. Roston - Feb 10, 2020 

Climate change resulting from human activities has caused a major ocean current to become more turbulent, according to a new study from NASA. The space agency, which also spends considerable time monitoring and studying our own planet, used satellite data spanning a dozen years to measure the Beaufort Gyre ocean current, finding that it is moving faster as a result of rapidly melting sea ice.

Put simply, the Beaufort Gyre is a circular ocean current that turns in a clockwise direction due to the effects of wind. This current keeps polar regions ‘in equilibrium,’ according to NASA, by collecting fresh water from things like melting glaciers and stores it near the ocean’s surface. As a result of this, the freshwater slows down the rate of sea ice melt and helps keep the planet’s climate regulated.

NASA scientists found that this current has been accumulating a vast amount of freshwater since the 1990s, however, as a consequence of increased sea ice melting. As the sea ice melts, the current is exposed to more winds that cause it to move faster, pulling more freshwater into its current. The freshwater is having trouble escaping the Arctic Ocean because the winds have kept the current ‘stuck’ turning in the same direction for more than two decades.

NASA says this is unusual — usually, the winds change direction every handful of years, causing the current to reverse directions and therefore release the freshwater that has accumulated. The study’s lead author Tom Armitage explained:

If the Beaufort Gyre were to release the excess freshwater into the Atlantic Ocean, it could potentially slow down its circulation. And that would have hemisphere-wide implications for the climate, especially in Western Europe.

The effects on the current may spread to impact the wildlife and food chain in the Arctic, according to NASA, as well as marine life. A change in wind directions may cause this large quantity of freshwater to essentially dump into the Atlantic Ocean quickly, slowing the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation as a result. This, as a consequence, would impact the communities that depend on the sea life and could have a big impact on the climate in Western Europe.

CLIMATE CHANGE

Sea ice melt in the Arctic over recent decades is altering ocean currents

The Beaufort Gyre, a major ocean current in the Arctic, is faster and more turbulent as a result of rapid sea ice melt, according to a new study from NASA that has analysed 12 years of satellite data.

The current is part of a delicate Arctic environment that is now flooded with fresh water, an effect of human-caused climate change. NASA scientists have measured how the Beaufort Gyre has balanced the influx of fresh water, which could alter the currents in the Atlantic Ocean.

“If the Beaufort Gyre were to release the excess fresh water into the Atlantic Ocean, it could potentially slow down its circulation,” said Tom Armitage, lead author of the study and polar scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. “That would have hemisphere-wide implications for the climate, especially in Western Europe.”

The Beaufort Gyre stores fresh water near the surface of the ocean and so keeps the polar environment in equilibrium. Wind blows the gyre in a clockwise direction around the western Arctic Ocean, north of Canada and Alaska, where it naturally collects fresh water from glacial melt, precipitation and river runoff. The fresh water is important in the Arctic because it floats above warmer salt water and protects the sea ice from melting, which helps to regulate the Earth’s climate. The gyre then slowly releases this fresh water into the Atlantic Ocean over decades, allowing the Atlantic Ocean currents to carry it away in small amounts.

The study has revealed that the 8,000 cubic kilometre gain in fresh water in the Beaufort Gyre since the 1990s is due to the loss of sea ice in summer and autumn. The Arctic’s summer sea ice cover has been decline throughout recent decades and has left it more exposed to wind, which spins the gyre faster and traps the fresh water in its current.

Persistent westerly winds have also dragged the current in one direction for more than 20 years, increasing the speed and size of the clockwise current. This prevents the fresh water from leaving the Arctic Ocean. This decades-long western wind is unusual for the region, where previously, the winds changed direction every five to seven years. The team are worried that if the wind direction were to change, the current would be reversed and pulled anticlockwise. This would release the fresh water it has accumulated all in one go.

Fresh water released from the Arctic Ocean to the North Atlantic can change the density of surface waters. Normally, water from the Arctic loses heat and moisture to the atmosphere and sinks to the bottom of the ocean, where it drives water from the north Atlantic Ocean down to the tropics like a conveyor belt.

This current, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, helps to regulate the planet’s climate by carrying heat from the tropically-warmed water to northern latitudes like Europe and North America. If slowed enough, it could negatively impact marine life and the communities that depend it.

“We don’t expect a shutting down of the Gulf Stream, but we do expect impacts. That’s why we’re monitoring the Beaufort Gyre so closely,” said Alek Petty, a co-author on the paper and polar scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Centre. “What this study is showing is that the loss of sea ice has really important impacts on our climate system that we’re only just discovering.”

Photograph by Kathryn Hansen, courtesy of NASA.

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