Sunday, March 27, 2022

SPRING FASHION OUTING WITH KIM

North Korea Hwasong-17 launch gets Hollywood-style effects

By Alistair Coleman
BBC Monitoring


Watch North Korean state TV give Hollywood treatment to Kim Jong-un's ballistic missile launch

North Korea may have launched its largest intercontinental ballistic missile - and put the world on notice.

But it's the way the news was relayed on state-run television that has caused widespread bafflement.

Instead of triumphant - but staid - tones, this time North Koreans were treated to what they are not supposed to have: a Hollywood-style movie.

It had it all - Kim Jong-un in leather jacket and dark glasses, video effects and dramatic music.

North Korean Central Television usually broadcasts a repetitive diet of Kim family propaganda, alongside military band concerts and feature films about patriotism and feats of labour.

Anything that deviates from this sticks out like a sore thumb.


IMAGE SOURCE,EPA
Image caption,
Kim Jong-un message is clear to the world - particularly the US: No sanctions will deter Pyongyang

That's why the coverage of the launch of Hwasong-17 was so different.

Notionally it came in a news bulletin, but the style was anything but.

Viewers were given 15 minutes of video effects, staged drama, and the sight of Kim Jong-un whipping off his dark glasses to look directly into the camera as if to say, "Let's do this".

The stirring music and multiple shots of the missile launch were interspersed with the triumphant tones of veteran newsreader Ri Chun-hee, known in the West as North Korea's "Pink Lady".

Social media users were quick to compare it to Top Gun, Thunderbirds and Bollywood movies.

Some said Kim and his generals walking out of the hangar at Pyongyang's international airport in front of the missile launcher also appeared to mimic the 1983 blockbuster movie The Right Stuff.

So was it meant for North Koreans?

This is all new to North Korean TV viewers. Apart from media smuggled in from abroad - for which those involved risk severe penalties - there has been virtually nothing like this on North Korean screens before.

IMAGE SOURCE,REUTERS
Image caption,
Kim Jong-un points to the watch in the video to give the signal for the launch

It seems that the country's powerful Propaganda and Agitation Department knew there was a balancing act involved here. They created a video that looks new and exciting to domestic viewers - and thus serves as a boost both to national pride and the image of Kim Jong-un, whose recent weight loss allows for more of a dynamic new all-action personality.

It's a far cry from the last time anything like this was attempted - the Supreme Leader's 2019 ride up sacred Mount Paektu, in which the overweight Kim cut an awkward figure on horseback.

It's impossible to tell what North Koreans watching would have made of it, but it's likely that most would have blinked rapidly - unable to understand the sudden change of tone and colour, not used to such effects. The minority who might have watched a Hollywood movie before may feel confused and ask themselves if this was a mistake, a one-off, or a tantalising sign of change.

As always, the answers may not be forthcoming any time soon.

The people behind North Korea's propaganda also knew that the rocket launch video would be seen and talked about abroad, so perhaps all the effects and Hollywood movie stuff were deliberate - even though to those used to this stuff, the package may appear cliched, and even unintentionally hilarious.

What's the message?

Overall, it's one of total confidence.

IN LEATHER JACKET, AND RAYBANS HIS NAME IS KIM

KIM JONG UN



The missile was launched from Pyongyang Sunan International Airport 25km (16 miles) from the capital. A failure could have been catastrophic for both the airport itself and nearby residents.

Hwasong-17 is a weapon of which Kim Jong-un is intensely proud.

He is delivering a message to the rest of the world - especially the US - that North Korea has the ability to strike anywhere if provoked.

Sending this message in Hollywood style may have been seen in Pyongyang as particularly poignant.

America remains a constant target for Pyongyang's external messaging: While the Ukraine War has barely been mentioned in North Korean media over the last month, when it has, the blame is placed firmly on the US.

IMAGE SOURCE,NORTH KOREA STATE MEDIA
Image caption,
The missile reached an altitude of 6,000km - higher than any previous intercontinental ballistic missile tested by North Korea

U.S. sanctions Russia, North Korea after Pyongyang launches missile that can reach Washington

Carl Samson
Fri, March 25, 2022, 

The U.S. has imposed new sanctions on Russian and North Korean entities and individuals over the transfer of sensitive items to Pyongyang’s missile program, the State Department announced on Thursday.

The move was made on the same day North Korea fired its most powerful intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) yet — the Hwasong-17 — under the orders of Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un.

First revealed in October 2020, the Hwasong-17 is believed to be not only North Korea’s longest-range weapon, but also the world’s largest road-mobile ICBM to carry nuclear warheads.

During its 67-minute flight on Thursday, the missile reached a maximum altitude of 3,880 miles (approximately 6,244 kilometers) and traveled 680 miles (approximately 1,094 kilometers) before landing in waters between North Korea and Japan, according to the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA), Pyongyang’s official mouthpiece.

The launch marked Pyongyang’s first full ICBM test since 2017 and immediately drew responses from neighbors South Korea and Japan.

Seoul reportedly responded by launching its own missiles from land, sea and air to demonstrate its “capability and willingness to respond immediately and punish.” On the other hand, Tokyo condemned the launch as “outrageous” and “unforgivable” and agreed to strengthen bilateral cooperation with Seoul to counter the threat.

Japanese media also reported that Hwasong-17 could reach the U.S. East Coast if launched on a normal trajectory.

White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki described the launch as a “brazen violation” of U.N. Security Council resolutions and urged Pyongyang to discontinue its actions.

“The United States will take all necessary measures to ensure the security of the American homeland and Republic of Korea and Japanese allies,” she added.

Meanwhile, the U.S. State Department sanctioned the following entities and individuals: Ardis Group of Companies LLC (Russia), PFK Profpodshipnik LLC (Russia), Igor Aleksandrovich Michurin (Russia), the Second Academy of Natural Science Foreign Affairs Bureau (North Korea) and Ri Sung Chol (North Korea).

“These measures are part of our ongoing efforts to impede the DPRK’s [North Korea’s] ability to advance its missile program, and they highlight the negative role Russia plays on the world stage as a proliferator to programs of concern,” said State Department spokesperson Ned Price.

Additionally, the U.S. sanctioned Chinese company Zhengzhou Nanbei Instrument Equipment Co. Ltd. for supplying Syria with equipment from the Australia Group, an informal group of countries that ensures non-export of materials used to develop chemical and biological weapons.


 

North Korea claims it tested a new ICBM but there's signs they pulled a head fake

North Korea claims it launched a successful test-fire of a Hwasong-17 — the country's largest nuclear-capable ICBM
North Korea claims it launched a successful test-fire of a Hwasong-17 — the country's largest nuclear-capable ICBMKorean Central News Agency/Korea News Service via AP
  • North Korea said it launched its largest intercontinental ballistic missile in a test on Thursday.

  • Experts say footage released by North Korean state media shows the launch may have been faked.

  • Video posted by North Korean state media showed Kim Jong Un and other military officials observing the launch.

North Korea claims it successfuly launched its largest intercontinental ballistic missile in a test run on Thursday, but there are signs everything is not as it appears.

This was North Korea's first successful ICBM test since Nov. 2017 and the Hwasong-17 is considered the country's largest nuclear-capable missile.

The missile reached an altitude of 3,853 miles and traveled 671 miles during its 71-minute flight before it crashed into Japanese waters, according to reports from South Korean and Japanese officials, NK News first reported. North Korea's KCNA gave a simliar report on the missiles capabilities.

But experts now say footage aired by Korean state media may show the launch was a head-fake. The state TV footage appears to be from an failed test of the Hwasong-17 on March 16, according to a report from NK News, suggesting either North Korea used the wrong footage or the Hwasong-17 wasn't actually launched.

That launch ended when debris from the projectile landed near the North Korean capital, Pyongyang.

"A photo seen by NK News shows a red-tinted ball of smoke at the end of a zig-zagging rocket launch trail in the sky," NK News reported.

A "high-level government official" told South Korea's Yonhap News Agency that officials in Seoul believe its possible the March 24 test was actually of a Hwasong-15 ICBM, an existing missile type first flight-tested in 2017, with enhancements to the engine thrust in order to achieve their desired range.

Regardless of whether or not this test of the Hwasong-17 was real, North Korea's posturing has raised the alarm for South Korea, Japan and the United States.

kim jong un north korea missile
North Korean leader Kim Jong Un walks away from what state media report is a "new type" of intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) in this photo released by by North Korea's Korean Central News Agency on March 24, 2022KCNA via Reuters

The White House said Pyongyang must "immediately cease its destabilizing actions" calling the launch a "brazen violation" of strict UN security council resolutions which ban North Korea from testing ballistic missiles — North Korea does not recognize these resolutions as legitimate.

The Japanese foreign minister said the launch is a "clear and serious challenge" to the international community.

Ankit Panda, senior fellow at the Nuclear Policy Program at the Carnegie Endowment on International Peace said this test "presages the start of a more dangerous period on the Korean peninsula."

"There's a fairly simple message with testing of this sort," Panda said in a post on the Carnegie Endowment's Twitter. "It's basically telling the US that nuclear deterrence is a fact of life today and North Korea can hold at risk targets in the United States."


BIDEN HOOF IN MOUTH

Kremlin official says West has declared 'total war' on Russia



Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov on Friday took aim at the sanctions the United States and other countries have imposed on Moscow for its invasion of Ukraine, saying he believes that the West has declared "total war" on Russia.

Lavrov made his comments during a meeting in which he described actions that Western nations have taken in response to Russia's invasion of Ukraine as "a real hybrid war," adding that "total war was declared on us," The Associated Press reported.

Lavrov also said that he believes the West has a goal "to destroy, break, annihilate, strangle the Russian economy, and Russia on the whole," according to the AP.

He then warned that Russia does have allies.

"We have many friends, allies, partners in the world, a huge number of associations in which Russia is working with countries of all continents, and we will continue to do so," Lavrov reportedly said.

Russia invaded Ukraine a month ago and has since stepped up its targeting of civilian areas. The Biden administration this week formally accused Moscow of war crimes in Ukraine.

President Biden is in Europe this week meeting with European and NATO members. New sanctions were announced Thursday on allies of Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Biden is scheduled to end his trip to Europe in Poland, where he will deliver a major address on Saturday. Poland shares a border with Ukraine.

The international sanctions have clearly hurt the Russian economy, though Lavrov emphasized that many states will decline to join that effort.

Blinken says US isn't calling for Russian regime change; Kremlin responds

Rebecca Morin and Katie Wadington, 

USA TODAY
Sun, March 27, 2022

Hours after President Joe Biden said Russian President Vladimir Putin “cannot remain in power,” Secretary of State Antony Blinken made clear the United States does not have a plan for regime change in Russia.

"I think the president, the White House, made the point last night that, quite simply, President Putin cannot be empowered to wage war or engage in aggression against Ukraine or anyone else," Blinken said Sunday during a press conference in Jerusalem.

"As you know, and as you have heard us say repeatedly, we do not have a strategy of regime change in Russia or anywhere else, for that matter,” he continued.

In a sweeping and forceful speech concluding a four-day trip to Europe, Biden on Saturday cast the war in Ukraine as part of an ongoing battle for freedom and ended with a blunt call for Putin to be stopped.

"For God's sake, this man cannot remain in power,” Biden said during a visit to Warsaw, Poland, in his strongest comments to date about his desire to see Putin gone.

Shortly after the speech, a White House official speaking on the condition of anonymity said Biden was not calling for Putin to be removed from office.

“The president’s point was that Putin cannot be allowed to exercise power over his neighbors or the region," the official said. "He was not discussing Putin’s power in Russia, or regime change."

Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov responded, “it’s not up to the president of the U.S. and not up to the Americans to decide who will remain in power in Russia."

“Only Russians, who vote for their president, can decide that,” Peskov said.

Biden's speech was delivered hours after meeting with Polish President Andrzej Duda during a historic visit Saturday where the allies presented a united front against Russian aggression and reaffirmed their commitment to the NATO alliance. Biden also met with Ukrainian refugees, including children who asked him to “say a prayer for my dad or my grandfather or my brother. He’s back there fighting.”

Was it a gaffe or an escalation?: Biden stirs concern with remark that Putin 'cannot remain in power'


Was it a gaffe or an escalation? Biden stirs concern with remark that 

Putin 'cannot remain in power'

After four days of alliance building, emotional interactions with refugees and stirring words about the need to fight for democracy, one sentence that President Joe Biden appeared to tack on to the end of his final speech in Poland threatened to overshadow all he had achieved as he deals with the most significant foreign policy crisis of his presidency.

“For God’s sake,” Biden said of Russian President Vladimir Putin, “this man cannot remain in power.”

The White House, which declined to say whether Biden had planned that remark, tried to quickly walk it back.

Biden was not promoting regime change, said an official who spoke on the condition of anonymity. The point the president was trying to make in his remarks in a packed courtyard of the Royal Castle in Warsaw on Saturday, the official said, was that Putin “cannot be allowed to exercise power over his neighbors or the region.”

Biden may have been saying what he believes, but it was not smart policy to say it aloud, said Tom Schwartz, a historian of U.S. foreign relations at Vanderbilt University.

“When Biden ad libs, there is trouble,” he said. “The administration needs to be more disciplined if it wants to get a negotiated settlement.”

Analysts warned that Biden’s remark could ripple across the NATO alliance as western leaders try to get Putin to end the war in Ukraine and – in a worst-case scenario – cause the Russian leader to expand the scope and duration of the conflict.

Biden’s comment could play into Russian propaganda, cause Putin’s already paranoid inner circle to crack down further on dissent inside Russia and prompt Putin to escalate the war on the grounds that he is protecting Russian interests, they said.

Lindsey Graham called for Putin's assassination: Even discussing it brings danger to US, experts say.

US President Joe Biden delivers a speech at the Royal Castle on March 26, 2022 in Warsaw, Poland. Biden visited with the Polish president as well as U.S. troops stationed near the Ukrainian border, bolstering NATO's eastern flank.
US President Joe Biden delivers a speech at the Royal Castle on March 26, 2022 in Warsaw, Poland. Biden visited with the Polish president as well as U.S. troops stationed near the Ukrainian border, bolstering NATO's eastern flank.

In Russia, “this comment will be viewed as direct interference in Russia’s internal affairs and play into Russian propaganda that the United States is a hostile power,” said Will Pomeranz, acting director of the Wilson Center’s Kennan Institute, a think tank dedicated to Russian and Eurasia research.

Putin’s inner circle probably viewed Biden’s statement as the president speaking out loud what they already believed was U.S. policy, said Heather Conley, president of the German Marshall Fund, which promotes cooperation and understanding between North America and Europe.

Biden’s earlier statements that Putin is a war criminal and the State Department’s formal determination Wednesday that Russian troops have committed war crimes hurt any chances of face-to-face conversations with Putin, Conley said.

Biden’s comment that Putin cannot remain in power “makes it almost impossible for the two leaders to speak,” she said.

After meeting Saturday with refugees from Mariupol, the city in southeastern Ukraine that has been relentlessly shelled, Biden called Putin “a butcher.”

Earlier this month, when South Carolina Sen. Lindsey Graham suggested Putin should be assassinated, the White House immediately made clear regime change is not U.S. policy.

That made Biden's comment Saturday all the more striking.

Some analysts said Biden’s remark is unlikely to change Putin’s calculus on the war in Ukraine.

“Indeed, it will only confirm that he has no path to retreat,” Pomeranz said. “The Russian people will ultimately decide the fate of Vladimir Putin, although obviously, it is unlikely to happen as a result of an election. Nevertheless, it appears that Putin is headed to a major military defeat and catastrophic economic collapse, a combination that is usually fatal even for an autocratic ruler.”

More: Republicans are backing Ukraine in the war. So why is there support for Russia on America's far right?

People listen as President Joe Biden delivers a speech about the Russian invasion of Ukraine, at the Royal Castle, Saturday, March 26, 2022, in Warsaw.
People listen as President Joe Biden delivers a speech about the Russian invasion of Ukraine, at the Royal Castle, Saturday, March 26, 2022, in Warsaw.

Richard Haass, president of the Council on Foreign Relations, said the White House’s attempt to walk back Biden’s remark is unlikely to placate Russia.

“Putin will see it as confirmation of what he’s believed all along,” Haass wrote on Twitter. He called the comment a “bad lapse in discipline that runs risk of extending the scope and duration of the war.”

“Our interests are to end the war on terms Ukraine can accept & to discourage Russian escalation,” Haass wrote. “Today’s call for regime change is inconsistent with these ends.”

After Biden’s speech, Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov told The Associated Press that “it’s not up to the president of the U.S. and not up to the Americans to decide who will remain in power in Russia.”

“Only Russians, who vote for their president, can decide that,” Peskov said. “And of course it is unbecoming for the president of the U.S. to make such statements.”

Tom Nichols, an expert on U.S.-Russia relations at the U.S. Naval War College, called that a ”whatever" response from Moscow.

“Which is about right and about all the whole thing warrants while the goal here is to end a war of Russian aggression,” Nichols tweeted.

March 25, 2022: President Joe Biden visits with members of the 82nd Airborne Division at the G2A Arena, in Jasionka, Poland.
March 25, 2022: President Joe Biden visits with members of the 82nd Airborne Division at the G2A Arena, in Jasionka, Poland.

Garret Martin, an expert on transatlantic relations at American University, said Putin already believed that the U.S. was out to get him, so Biden’s comments are not likely to change his calculus

But Moscow could use them to argue to Russians that America’s real goal is not helping Ukraine but undermining the Russian government.

“In the battle for narratives, maybe it helps Putin domestically a little bit,” Martin said.

In his speech, Biden made an appeal to ordinary Russians, telling them: “This war is not worthy of you, the Russian people.”

“The American people stand with you and the brave citizens of Ukraine who want peace,” he said.

'A bad déjà vu': Under the crush of Western sanctions, Russians fear a return to dark economic days

Martin and others said other aspects of Biden’s speech and trip will have longer lasting impacts, particularly the solidarity that Biden helped build among allies.

“While the Putin 'cannot remain in power' line will get the most attention, don't be distracted by it,” David Rothkopf, author of “National Insecurity: American Leadership in an Age of Fear,” wrote on Twitter. “It was the overall thrust of the speech and the degree to which Biden and our allies are backing it up that matters the most in a historical sense.”

The U.S. and its allies have never been more unified in an approach to an international security crisis in the post-Cold War era, said Timothy Naftali, a presidential historian at New York University. And Biden deserves some credit for that, he said.

“Understandably, the president let his emotions get away from him,” Naftali said. “It is hard to imagine any modern state would want to be led much longer by anyone who intentionally bombs and starves out civilians.”

Contributing: Associated Press

This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: Biden's comment that Putin can't remain in power stirs concern

Biden Eyes Long-Term Hydrogen Breakthrough in Plan to Send Gas to EU

Biden Eyes Long-Term Hydrogen Breakthrough in Plan to Send Gas to EU
Jennifer A. Dlouhy and David R. Baker

(Bloomberg) -- The Biden administration says the infrastructure needed under a plan announced Friday to boost natural gas shipments to Europe will be built so that it can be converted later to distribute climate-friendly hydrogen.

In the short term, the pipelines, tanks and terminals could expand the use of liquefied natural gas and encourage more production in the U.S., drawing the ire of environmentalists who want to wean the world from fossil fuels. But under the vision outlined by the U.S. and the European Union, the equipment could eventually be re-purposed to transport hydrogen.

A colorless, odorless gas, hydrogen is considered a potential breakthrough source of clean energy. When fed through a fuel cell or burned in turbines, it generates electricity without producing greenhouse gases. And it’s seen as one of the few ways to remove carbon-dioxide emissions from industrial manufacturing where high heat is required.

A joint U.S.-EU statement announcing plans to reduce Europe’s reliance on Russian gas said the two sides will build “clean and renewable hydrogen-ready infrastructure.” They also pledged to use clean energy to power the new operations and plug methane leaks in the equipment and associated pipelines.

The goal is to ensure any new pipelines are built with the right materials, valves and equipment so they can be easily adapted to carry hydrogen, a senior administration official told reporters Friday. By contrast, re-purposing conventional natural gas pipelines to safely carry hydrogen is difficult and expensive.

Climate activists scoffed at the plan, arguing that it prolongs the world’s dependence on natural gas and its main component, methane, as a source for hydrogen.

“Nothing can justify a massive expansion of fossil fuel infrastructure that would devastate communities and make it impossible to achieve our climate goals and avert the worst of the climate crisis,” said Kelly Sheehan, senior director of energy campaigns at the Sierra Club.

The plan was cheered by a coalition of companies working to advance and deploy hydrogen, including Air Liquide SA, Linde Plc and Cummins Inc.

“Decarbonized hydrogen will play a key role in reducing emissions, particularly in the hard-to-electrify sectors of the global economy, and agreements like this one will ease the transition as markets increasingly move to lower-carbon fuels,” the Hydrogen Forward coalition said in an emailed statement.

Building pipelines for hydrogen transport initially would allow much greater use of the fuel, going beyond existing goals to blend modest amounts of it into gas as a way of reducing power plant emissions, said David Burns, Linde’s vice president of clean energy development.

Flexible Design

“If you’re going to build new pipeline, you’d build it hydrogen-ready so it meets the specifications and requirements for hydrogen,” Burns said. “You can’t turn from one day using LNG to the next day using hydrogen,” but even at LNG export facilities there are ways to “build in flexibility,” he said.

The U.S.-EU approach is consistent with the vision of many natural-gas producers that see production of hydrogen as a way to buttress long-term demand for their fossil fuel.

Yet the green bona-fides of hydrogen depend on how it is produced.

The vast majority of hydrogen generated today is stripped from natural gas with steam in a technique that releases planet-warming carbon dioxide. The process can be made cleaner by trapping that carbon dioxide on site, and plugging leaks of methane, but there’s a near emission-free alternative using electrolysis to split hydrogen molecules from water. Truly “green hydrogen” plants that use electrolysis to generate the fuel are powered by renewable energy.

The U.S. and EU reiterated their climate goals Friday, saying they’re committed to limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit). “Natural gas remains an important part of the EU energy system in the green transition, including by ensuring its carbon intensity decreases over time,” they said in the statement.

Yet those climate promises are undermined if new infrastructure is leveraged to create natural gas-based hydrogen in the future, Sheehan said.

“Hydrogen made from methane gas is a false solution the fossil fuel industry is selling to greenwash their dirty product and lock in reliance on gas for decades,” she said. “The Biden administration shouldn’t be fooled.”

Methane Leaks

Leaks of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, also could exacerbate the climate impact of a big shift to hydrogen. Methane is the prime component of natural gas, but when it escapes from wells, pipelines and other equipment it helps trap heat in the atmosphere.

Regardless of whether it’s used as a source of energy or a hydrogen feedstock, natural gas production would be encouraged by the U.S.-EU plan. Environmentalists said that will inevitably unleash more pollution, with communities near drilling operations and coastal liquefaction facilities bearing the brunt.

“The Biden administration and the EU gave the fossil fuel industry a green light to transform the Gulf Coast into a sacrifice zone for fracked gas,” said John Beard, founder of the Port Arthur Community Action Network in Texas. “President Biden can’t call himself ‘the climate president’ while ignoring the needs and realities of impacted communities.”

POSTMODERN COMMUNICATIONS 101
Vilnius station confronts Moscow-Kaliningrad train with images from war


Posters with Ukrainian war atrocities displayed in Vilnius railway station

Fri, March 25, 2022, 10:22 AM·2 min read
By Andrius Sytas

VILNIUS (Reuters) - "Dear passengers of train no. 29, Moscow-Kaliningrad. Today, Putin is killing civilians in Ukraine. Do you support this?" an announcer repeats in Russian at Vilnius station while the service stops there.

Two dozen large pictures from the war in Ukraine, each with the same message, were put up on Friday morning on either side of the platform reserved for the Russian transit trains.

The trains, up to six per day, pause for around 10 minutes in Vilnius, capital of EU-member Lithuania, as they pass to and from Russia's Kaliningrad exclave - sandwiched between Lithuania and Poland - and cities such as Moscow and St Petersburg, via Belarus.

Under a two decade old agreement between Lithuania, Russia and the European Union, passengers are issued Lithuanian visas for the transit-only services, which are powered by a Lithuanian locomotive for the portion of the journey inside the country.

"As far as we know, Russians are shielded from what is happening in Ukraine. Here in Vilnius railway station, we have a possibility to show at least a small piece of what is happening," Mantas Dubauskas, a spokesperson for the state-owned Lithuanian railways, said.

"It's the least that we can do," he added. "Maybe we can change the minds of a very small number of passengers".

The pictures, provided by Ukrainian photographers, show the dead and injured, people grieving, destroyed buildings and bridges, and refugees with small children escaping the country.

Moscow calls its actions in Ukraine a "special military operation" to disarm its neighbour. The Kremlin says Russian forces have not targeted civilians.

Russia's parliament this month passed a law imposing a jail term of up to 15 years for spreading intentionally "fake" news about the military.

Russian officials have said that false information has been spread by Russia's enemies such as the United States and its Western European allies in an attempt to sow discord among the Russian people.

There were no people seen at the windows of the train on Friday morning. No one disembarked from or joined the service as no tickets have been sold to and from the station for the Russian trains since the COVID-19 lockdown in early 2020. It was not known how many passengers were on the train.

Russian aircraft between Kaliningrad and Russia fly over the international waters of the Baltic Sea, prolonging the journey, after Lithuania and other EU countries banned them from their airspace in response to Russia's attack on Ukraine.

(Reporting by Andrius Sytas in Vilnius; Editing by Alison Williams)