Tuesday, April 26, 2022


gen z, mental health, politics, social media

Members of Generation Z, born between 1996 and 2012, are “united by terror,” a new book claims. But they fail to realize just how fortunate they are. Getty Images


It’s the prerogative of every generation to think they’re living in uniquely unfortunate times.

But members of Gen Z really think they got a raw deal.


That’s the premise of “Fight: How Gen Z is Channeling Their Fear and Passion to Save America” (St. Martin’s Press), out now.


Born between roughly 1996 and 2012, the oldest members of Gen Z are now 26. They’ve already lived through “the opioid epidemic… the militarization of police and national borders, an explosion of white nationalism, frightening red-alert active-shooter drills and school lockdowns, increasingly frequent and deadly mass shootings, the accelerating and genuine threat of climate change, and a global pandemic,” writes “Fight” author John Della Volpe, director of polling at the Harvard Kennedy School Institute of Politics.

gen z, mental health, politics, social media

When asked to describe America, Gen Z uses terms like “dystopic,” “broken” and “a bloody mess.”

Getty Images/Westend61


And while other generations might have had their downsides, they also had moments of American triumph, Della Volpe claims. Boomers had Woodstock and the civil rights movement. Gen X witnessed the fall of the Berlin Wall. Millennials came of age during the election of our first-ever black president, Barack Obama.

But Gen Z?

“Except for maybe Netflix, reruns of ‘The Office,’ Amanda Gorman, Halsey, Simone Biles, and Lil Nas X, Gen Z hasn’t caught much of a break,” Della Volpe writes.

One of the shortcomings of “Fight” is that Della Volpe seems to take the word of teenagers as an absolute truth.

gen z, mental health, politics, social media















The author of “Fight” claims that past generations have had moments of American triumph, such as the boomers with Woodstock — but Gen Z has nothing to be proud of.

Getty Images


It’s certainly fair to say that nobody is going to be nostalgic for 2020, a year defined by sickness and isolation. But Della Volpe claims that, as a result of the difficult times they grew up with, Gen Z is “united by terror.” When asked to describe America they use terms like “dystopic,” “broken” and “a bloody mess.” By contrast, millennials in the mid-2010s used words like “diverse,” “free” and “land of abundance” to describe the USA.

Only a decade later, when Della Volpe asked Zoomers about the moments that made them proud to be American, they were largely at a loss. “I get blank stares, or examples of random sporting events like the USA soccer team finally beating Ghana in a 2017 friendly match,” he writes.

gen z, mental health, politics, social media













One of the shortcomings of “Fight” is that the author takes the word of teenagers as absolute truth. Gen Z has actually witnessed multiple triumphs, such as NASA landing a probe on Mars.

NASA/UPI/Shutterstock


To this, I say — perhaps Gen Z isn’t paying attention? After all, in addition to reruns of “The Office” (which are terrific), they’ve seen America elect its first-ever female vice president, the Perseverance Rover land on Mars, and the US army develop a vaccine that is supposed to treat all strains of SARS and COVID.

America is in a different and more promising place than it was even two years ago.

Meanwhile, Gen Z’s addiction to social media has been well reported, with many researchers linking the problem to a decline in mental health. Nearly half of Zoomers suffer from depression requiring clinical treatment, according to Della Volpe. When the National Center for Health Statistics compared the suicide rate of people aged 10-24 from 2007-2009 with the period from 2016-2018, they found it had increased by 47 percent, he writes. That percentage has risen in every single state.

gen z, mental health, politics, social media















Zoomers are more politically active than past generations. Those with the highest anxiety are also most likely to vote.

AP


In spite of this pervasive sense of despair, Generation Z has become intensely politically involved, Della Volpe notes. He writes that Zoomers with the highest anxiety are also most likely to vote. A lot of them clearly have a great deal of anxiety — in 2018, twice the number of adults under 30 voted in the midterm election than had in 2015 (33 percent compared to 16 percent), according to the book.

gen z, mental health, politics, social media





























Generation Z has become intensely politically involved.

The future they want is a progressive one where there is “automatic voter registration at 18… high speed rail…an expensive healthcare system… a federal job corps that blends universal basic income and essential-services work for millions of displaced and previously undervalued workers,” Della Volpe writes.

It’s a utopian picture. But some older generations might point out that it’s sometimes hard to build the perfect world you envision at 18.

And, even if Gen Z manages it, they’ll need to develop a better understanding of history first. Or else, how will they know whether they’ve made any progress?


Jennifer Wright is the author of “Get Well Soon: History’s Worst Plagues and the Heroes Who Fought Them” and “She Kills Me: The True Stories of History’s Deadliest Women.” Twitter: @JenAshleyWright

TURKEY'S WAR ON KURDISTAN

Turkey ends 'first phase' of military operation in N. Iraq, as Kurdish commentators warn of an 'occupation'


Dana Taib Menmy
Iraq
26 April, 2022

Turkish soldiers in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region. [Getty]

Turkey on Monday said it had "successfully completed the first stage" of its cross-border military incursion, dubbed "Operation Claw-Lock", into northern Iraqi Kurdistan to fight against militants of the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK), as several Kurdish political observers warn Ankara's main strategy is to "occupy the region."

On April 18 Turkey launched "Operation Claw-Lock" against the PKK in the Metina, Zap and Avasin-Basyan areas of the Iraqi Kurdistan region.

"Our operation continues as planned with great success. We wish God's mercy upon our martyrs," Turkish Defense Minister Hulusi Akar was quoted by Anadolu News Agency as saying.

"The first phase of the operation has been successfully completed," he added, before stressing that a new phase of the operation had already begun and will continue until the goal of defeating the PKK is achieved.

Turkey calls in Iraq envoy to defend new offensive

"Some 56 PKK terrorists were eliminated in the operation so far. Right now we have taken most of the area under control, however, there are many caves in this area…Our only goal is to eliminate terrorists. Once the area is cleared, Turkey's border will be fully locked against security threats," Akar said according to the Daily Sabah.

On its part, the People's Defense Forces (HPG), the military wing of the PKK, on Monday said in a statement said that "19 Turkish soldiers were killed, 2 more were injured, 6 helicopters were damaged, and one drone was shot down."

"The occupying Turkish army has once again resorted to vicious methods and used toxic chemical gases during the battle since it fails to advance against our forces, who are inflicting heavy blows on them. Despite all the dirty war methods employed by the occupying Turkish army, which has committed war crimes using chemical weapons," excerpts of the statement claim.


Turkey shells Kobane, US calls for 'de-escalation'

The PKK has been waging an insurgency for greater autonomous rights against the Turkish state since 1984, with tens of thousands estimated to have been killed so far. The PKK has been categorised as a "terrorist organisation" by Ankara and its Western allies.

"The Turkish state is just using the PKK as a pretext for its step by step strategy of occupying the Iraqi Kurdistan region and reviving the former Ottoman Empire," Kamaran Mantik, a Kurdish University political science professor, told The New Arab during a brief phone interview.


"Ankara has the green light of NATO, Russia, and Iran to occupy northern Iraq, which was known as Vilayet Mosul of the Ottoman Empire," he added.


Turkey Falsely Claims Iraq Agreed to Attack in Northern Iraq

April 22, 2022
Nisan Ahmado
Turkish troops in action against Kurdish militants in northern Iraq, June 17, 2020. (AP)



Recep Tayyip Erdogan
President of Turkey
“I wish success for our heroic soldiers involved in this operation, which we are carrying out in close cooperation with the central Iraqi government and the regional administration.”
Source: Al-Arabiya News, April 20, 2022

FALSE


On April 18, Turkey launched a military offensive aimed at purported Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) hideouts in northern Iraq, saying the group was planning a cross-border attack.

During an April 20 parliamentary meeting of his Justice and Development Party (AKP), Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said the country’s military had to act against terrorist organizations infiltrating Turkey. He claimed only terrorists opposed such operations.

“I wish success for our heroic soldiers involved in this operation, which we are carrying out in close cooperation with the central Iraqi government and the regional administration in northern Iraq,” Erdogan said.

That is false.



In fact, on April 19, Iraq’s Foreign Ministry denounced the Turkish operation in a statement on its website, saying it refused to let Iraq be a place for “conflicts and settling scores for other external parties.”

“Iraq regards this action as a violation of its sovereignty and the sanctity of the country, and an act that violates international charters and laws that govern the relations between countries,” the ministry said.

The same day, the Iraqi government summoned the Turkish ambassador in Baghdad, Ali Reza Guney, handing him what it described as “firmly-worded note of protest” to “put an end to acts of provocation and unacceptable violations.”



That does not sound like “close cooperation.”

On April 21, Turkey’s Foreign Ministry summoned Iraq’s charge d'affaires to convey “discomfort” over the Iraqi statements, Reuters reported.

Turkey has repeatedly conducted airstrikes in northern Iraq, mainly targeting areas in the Kurdish region where PKK fighters are concentrated. In 2020, Turkey launched two large-scale operations, code-named Claw-Tiger and Claw-Eagle.

About half the 25 million Kurds in the Mideast live in southeast Turkey. The PKK first emerged as a leftist separatist group in the late 1970s and launched a string of violent attacks. Since 2000, repeated efforts to settle differences with the government have failed.

Turkey, the European Union and the United States officially consider the PKK a terrorist group.

The Turkey-PKK conflict has lasted more than 40 years and killed nearly 40,000 people. A pro-Kurdish political party, the HDP, is also active in Turkey in opposition to Erdogan.

Following the attempted military coup in Turkey in 2016, Erdogan arrested thousands of people, increased airstrikes in southern Turkey and conducted military operations in Iraq and Syria.



Erdogan intensified actions against PKK militants in the wake of the failed coup. Meantime, his AKP and allies have moved to shut down the HDP, an effort the United States has denounced.

Turkey says that its latest military operation is in line with the United Nations principle of self-defense. In a news conference held on April 18, AKP spokesman Omer Celik said the operation is a preemptive move to “fend-off a large-scale attack by the PKK.”

“We have to protect our people, based on the right of self-protection enshrined in Article 51 of the UN Charter, "Celik said.

Celik cited Article 51 of the United Nations Charter, which states:

“Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence if an armed attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations, until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international peace and security.”

However, Iraq’s Foreign Ministry rejected Turkey’s claim, saying Article 51 does not permit the breach of an independent country’s sovereignty.

On April 20, the Ministry of Peshmerga Affairs of the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) also denounced the Turkish operation, stating that the sovereignty of Kurdish and Iraqi territory must be respected. The Peshmerga is the military wing of the KRG and Iraqi Kurdistan.

Without directly criticizing Turkey, on April 19, a U.S. State Department spokesperson said activity in Iraq must respect the country’s sovereignty and regional security.

The KRG blamed the PKK for the Turkish operation. On April 19, KRG spokesman Jutiar Adel said in a press conference that the PKK’s presence is inflicting harm on the Kurdistan region of Iraq. While Adel did not say that the KRG is directly cooperating with Turkey, he called on Kurdish opponents of both Turkey and Iran to find peaceful means to settle issues.



Turkey has been accused of targeting civilians and destabilizing northern Iraq. In February, a Turkish airstrike hit a Kurdish refugee camp in Iraq, killing eight people and injuring 17, including both civilians and PKK fighters. Most of the camp’s 12,000 refugees are Kurds who fled Turkey because of fighting.

Turkish airstrikes in February targeted Iraq’s Makhmour province and Sinjar province – the latter a predominantly Yazidi area.

Turkey has also conducted airstrikes in Syria, targeting the Kurdish People’s Protection Units (YPG), which Ankara considers an affiliate of the PKK. The YPG, however, is the backbone of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), a U.S. ally that spearheaded the fight against the Islamic State (IS) terror group in Syria.



Turkish military operations pose a risk to displaced Yazidis who want to go back to their homes. In 2014, 400,000 Yazidis were killed, kidnapped or forced to flee by IS. The U.N. called it a genocide.

IS was defeated in Iraq in 2017 and in Syria in 2018. Today, 350,000 Yazidi survivors live in scattered refugee camps in northern Iraq.

WAR IS RAPE
Sexual violence rife in South Sudan as 'terrified' residents stuck in war: UN

The United Nations mission in South Sudan has 'strongly condemned' the rise of sexual violence and murder in the conflict-struck country as inter-ethnic violence 

The violence has prompted fears of a return to conflict in the fragile young nation [Getty]

At least 72 civilians were killed over a seven-week period in a single county in South Sudan, with some beheaded and others burned alive, along with women experiencing sexual violence as interethnic violence roils the oil-rich region, the United Nations said on Monday.

The bloodshed between February 17 and April 7 in Leer county in Unity state reportedly forced 40,000 people to flee their homes, with UN investigators recording 64 cases of sexual violence, the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) said.

"UNMISS strongly condemns the widespread sexual violence, killings including beheadings, burning alive of civilians, and attacks on humanitarians," it said in a statement.

In total "72 civilians were killed, at least 11 injured," the statement added.

Two women told a UN team they were repeatedly raped and gang-raped by armed youths when they came out of hiding to look for food for their children.

Another woman who had recently given birth suffered a similar fate and was beaten for three days.

"I am strongly appalled by these horrific attacks on civilians in Leer," said Nicholas Haysom, who heads UNMISS.

"We must all do everything we can to ensure that victims and survivors get the justice they deserve and receive the care and support they need."

Terrified villagers told AFP earlier this month about spending days hiding in swamps as armed men set fire to their huts and raided their livestock.

Some described horrific abuses including the rape of women and girls.

The violence has prompted fears of a return to conflict in the fragile young nation, which plunged into a civil war in 2013, barely two years after achieving its independence from Sudan.

The fighting between troops loyal to President Salva Kiir and his rival Vice President Riek Machar left nearly 400,000 dead before the two men agreed to lay down their guns in 2018.

RELATED
UN says nine million in need of aid in South Sudan


But the country of 11 million has struggled to maintain a tenuous peace in the intervening years, grappling with lawlessness and explosions of interethnic violence.

Political bickering between Kiir and Machar has not helped, with both sides exchanging fire in recent months.

Although Kiir and Machar announced an end to the latest hostilities earlier this month and vowed to save the teetering peace pact, Unity state was wracked by fresh violence less than a week later.

Almost nine million people -- with children accounting for more than half -- will need aid to survive this year, the UN said this month.

"The Mission urges national and local authorities to take immediate measures to reduce tensions and prevent further escalations and retaliatory attacks," said Haysom, calling on perpetrators to be held accountable.

UNMISS was originally deployed for a year when the world's newest nation gained independence, but its mandate has been extended again and again as the country lurches from crisis to crisis.
Colombo: tensions within the Rajapaksa family
by Arundathie Abeysinghe

Prime Minister Mahinda, President Gotabaya's brother, plans to support an amendment to the Constitution granting more powers to Parliament. Protesters continue to call for the resignation of the entire government, while some politicians have also called on the premier to leave office.


Colombo (AsiaNews) - A tug-of-war has begun between President Gotabaya Rajapaksa and his brother, Prime Minister Mahinda: the latter is preparing to support the reintroduction of the 19th amendment to the Sri Lankan Constitution, with the aim of reducing the powers of the Head of State and granting more to Parliament.

Political analysts explained to AsiaNews that the premier will soon present a new 19th amendment in Parliament with some changes to the current clauses. The 20th amendment, which grants the Sri Lankan president more powers than the cabinet, had been approved in 2020. Among the proposals, the consensus of all party leaders will be sought to urge Gotabaya to step down.

For weeks, there has been serious instability among Sri Lanka's political parties, including those in the ruling coalition that recently switched to the opposition, which has morphed into an 11-member alliance that is calling along with protesters across the country for the president's resignation.

Several members of the ruling party, including Dullas Alahapperuma, former information minister and cabinet spokesman, have also called on Premier Mahinda to leave office. "I urge the president to appoint a smaller government with true consensus that represents all parties in parliament and stays in office for up to one year," he said.

Senior political sources told AsiaNews that recent new ministerial appointments were launched by the president without consultation with the prime minister. PM Mahinda did not attend the swearing-in ceremonies, a sign of friction between the two brothers in power.

According to political analysts, the prime minister asked the president to include some senior ministers in the cabinet to calm down protesters who have been protesting for weeks in front of the Galle Face Green in Colombo.

Former Prime Minister and United National Party (UPN) leader Ranil Wickremesinghe also hinted that he will support the 19th Amendment and suggested a discussion with leaders of all parties to seek proposals on what kind of solution is needed to resolve the current crisis.

Meanwhile, on April 23, the premier was also pressured to resign by former government allies who switched to the opposition after the worsening economic crisis that is plaguing the country, with blackouts and shortages of resources, including fuel and other essential goods.

However, the premier rejected their demands, insisting that the majority of those in power still support him. "People must be patient to overcome this crisis," he said, rejecting calls for a government of national unity. "There can be no interim government without me as premier."

Information Minister Nalaka Godahewa, previously a staunch supporter of the president, also announced his support for the thousands of protesters outside the presidential secretariat demanding that the Rajapaksa family relinquish power. The prime minister at a press conference announced that Temple Trees (the prime minister's official residence) would be open to "young protesters" if "ready for a discussion." He is of the opinion that "there is a protest. But as long as the protesters do not come for discussion, the demonstrations will continue without a solution being reached."

Meanwhile, on April 23, a march was organized in commemoration of Chaminda Lakshan, the victim of the police shooting in Rambukkana. Banners, wreaths and white flags with red spots reminiscent of blood were displayed in front of the premier's residence.

This month President Rajapaksa excluded two of his brothers, Chamal and Basil (former Finance Minister) and his nephew Namal from the new government, but the protesters rejected the changes considering them only "cosmetic".


Sri Lankan Crisis between Debt-trap and Strategic-trap: The Chinese Stake


There have been multiple debt trap myth-busting articles; the Chinese embassy in Sri Lanka endorsed some. The article by Deborah Brautigam, clarifying there is no debt trap in the island nation, was one of them. Brautigam says, “Critics invariably point to a single case—the Chinese takeover of Sri Lanka’s Hambantota Port—as proof of this strategy. Yet the evidence for this project being part of a Chinese master plan is thin.” Today, the Sri Lankan political economy is in a crisis, and China is considerably responsible for the crisis. I have predicted the coming dysfunctionality of the political economy and the danger inherent in Colombo’s China tilt in my previous writings.

People are out in the streets today with slogans seeking dismissal of the Rajapaksa regime. One of Asia’s oldest democracies is now struggling to survive another day. The protest at the President’s house had a ripple effect and extended to the entire nation. The entire cabinet crippled the Executive by submitted resignation letters. The President immediately appointed a four-member cabinet whereupon the finance minister resigned the next day. Few weeks after another seventeen cabinet ministers were appointed. Political dysfunctionality, and the economic crisis with long power cuts and the unavailability of essential goods further aggravated the anger of the protesters.

Behind the Crisis…

Behind the crisis was an external power intervening in the Sri Lankan economy and political space. Looking at the dynamics, I can clearly say that the Chinese have carried out ‘strategic-trap diplomacy’ in Sri Lanka, a more dangerous form than ‘debt trap diplomacy.

Sri Lanka has a severe liquidity crisis with foreign reserves down to a minimum USD 500 million. It is also facing an insolvency crisis while unable to pay for its large borrowings. As much as 70 percent of the island’s infrastructure projects are constructed by China from its commercial borrowings at a higher percentage with opaqueness. China accounts for around 10 percent of Sri Lanka’s staggering foreign debt, around $3.38 billion. Sri Lanka needs to make nearly $7 billion in payments on foreign loans this year itself. China has said it will provide a US$1 billion loan to Sri Lanka, rejecting its restructuring request, where the funds will be utilized to settle previous loans from Chinese banks. The interest rate of these loans is long debated and unclear to the public, usually around 3.76 percent compared to OECD’s 1.1 percent. Another US$1.5 billion buyer’s credit from China to import materials from China was also provided.

There are large Chinese borrowings on financially unprofitable projects in Sri Lanka and many other countries. The Mattala Airport, built near a wildlife sanctuary and not operating for many years, is just one  example. Further, China has built this ancillary infrastructure for long term civil-military use to support their 99-year leased Hambanthota port. All these projects are under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), seen as an ambitious foreign policy strategy to bring the developing world under the Chinese orbit.

Between debt-trap and strategic trap

The phrase ‘debt-trap diplomacy’ has been quite aptly discussed by the Indian academic Brahma Chellaney since 2017, describing how the Chinese government leverages the debt burden of smaller countries for geopolitical ends. A debt-trap situation is one where “the creditor country is said to extend excessive credit to a debtor country with the intention of extracting economic or political concessions when the debtor country becomes unable to meet its repayment obligations”. Sri Lanka’s Hambanthota Port was a case that highlighted debt-trap diplomacy where a large volume of loans was given by China, and when the Sri Lankan government was unable to repay the borrowings, China took over the port on a 99-year lease in 2017. In 2018 at Hudson Institute, US Vice President Mike Pence warned of the ongoing debt-trap diplomacy in Sri Lanka and said it “may soon become a forward military base for China’s growing blue-water navy”. The Biden administration also views “China of using loans to entice borrowing countries into a ‘debt trap’ that gives Beijing sway over strategic assets and natural resources when governments can’t repay”. However, several academics debunked this assessment of debt-trap diplomacy, especially in the Sri Lankan case, as being inadequate.

Lee Jones and Shahar Hameiri authored the Chatham House paper Debunking the Myth of ‘Debt-trap Diplomacy’, pointing to five misconceptions. First, the Hambanthota Port project was not proposed by China but by the government of Sri Lanka. Although it is viewed as a request by the Sri Lankan government to develop Hambanthota, it was more of a personal request of Mahinda Rajapaksa due to the port location situated in his political constituency. Second, it was a commercial, not a geostrategic, venture; it was one of several ‘white elephant’ projects and unsustainable developmental programs. One cannot dismiss it as only a commercial venture and not geostrategic due to it being an unprofitable or unsustainable development. That the port could not generate the targeted revenue up to now is reason enough to label it geostrategic and a long-term venture. China also managed to secure the 99-year lease because Colombo could not repay the large borrowings.

Third, Sri Lanka’s debt distress was unconnected to Chinese lending, resulting from excessive borrowing on Western capital markets. In another Chatham House paper, Ganeshan Wignaraja et al., argue that there is no debt-trap diplomacy: “Sri Lanka is not in a Chinese debt trap. Its debt to China amounts to about 6 percent of its GDP”. This probably is the most widely used assessment, that Sri Lanka’s debt distress is unconnected to Chinese lending, as all other commercial borrowings are much higher than the Chinese borrowing, which is less than 10 percent. This view dismisses China’s strategic hold, limiting the argument for quantitative figures dismissing the ‘strategic trap diplomacy’.

Fourth, there was no debt-for-asset swap. Instead, after bargaining hard for commercial reasons, a Chinese SOE leased the port in exchange for $1.1 billion, which Sri Lanka used to pay down other debts and boost foreign reserves. But clearly there was a debt-for-an asset swap, and there was no hard bargaining. China did not restructure the debt nor assisted in this regard. Sri Lanka’s inability to pay the Chinese debt allowed the Chinese to lease the port. The 99-year lease agreement was in actuality an acquisition of the port and its surrounding facilities, rushed and signed on the weekend behind closed doors. The agreement is still not disclosed to the public, and China’s opaqueness have always been the case in Sri Lanka. Further, the lack of transparency was proven when the Sri Lankan foreign minister revealed, “There is a provision for a further 99-year extension of the lease”.  Fifth, Chinese navy vessels cannot use the port, which will instead become the new base of Sri Lanka’s own southern naval command. All these problems arose not from a carefully crafted top-down strategy. The argument that Chinese navy vessels cannot enter the port is incorrect, as the former director-general of the national security think tank and I have discussed this topic multiple times and concluded that the Chinese navy could enter the port as well as provide logistics facilities to the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Navy, clearly highlighted by the 2021 Pentagon Report.

Hambanthota Port was initially handed over for construction in 2008. China’s large scale military assistance during the last phase of the civil war surpassed other nations, which contributed to ending the three-decade war. This was the primary factor that gave China the open window to win Mahinda Rajapaksa’s confidence. Hambanthota Port was awarded to China, and a few years later, Colombo International Container Terminals (CICT) terminal operations were also awarded to China.

Strategic-trap diplomacy describes a scenario beyond debt-trap diplomacy where a human rights, political and security perspective is added. In the case of a strategic-trap, the creditor country not only focuses its assistance on credit and excessive loans but simultaneously intervenes in the nation’s human rights, political and security sphere. China offers financial loans to trap nations like Sri Lanka and offers human rights protection, support to alter the existing democratic political model towards an autocratic model and military assistance.

In Sri Lanka, strategic-trap diplomacy was carried out as an extension to debt-trap diplomacy, where three characteristics are identified apart from the financing model. First, in the political dimension, China’s involvement in installing an alternative model away from the democratic model, an authoritarian model, China’s assistance to the Rajapaksa political party and support funding. Second, in the human rights dimension, where China has supported the Sri Lankan regime on human rights concerns, the Sri Lankan government had no other option but to reciprocally support China’s human rights concerns in Xinjiang. Third, a military dimension is added to the strategic-trap where China favors a heavily militarized model.

The quantitative economic projection falls short in capturing the strategic depth of these projects. All the Chinese projects have a long-term strategic design that could comfortably bring a ‘hybrid model’ of civil-military activity to the country concerned, a security concern for Sri Lanka and the region. Calculating the volume of loans provided by other foreign nations and sovereign bonds/private commercial loans vis-a-vis that from China is an oft quoted argument to dismiss the theory of debt-trap diplomacy; however, it does not dismiss China’s strategic-trap diplomacy.

Debt-trap diplomacy is a severe concern to developing countries like Sri Lanka. Beyond this, a strategic-trap is another dimension to consider in many other BRI nations that could fall into the same political-economic crisis as Sri Lanka.





Israeli Supreme Court rejects petition to reopen investigation on killing of 4 boys during 2014 Gaza war

"No one can imagine how much pain we are going through all these years, especially since the killers are still free and can kill more children in Gaza," one of the victim's fathers had said to The New Arab
.



Sally Ibrahim
Gaza
26 April, 2022

The petition was filed in 2020 by three human rights organizations, the Legal Center for Arab Minority Rights in Israel (Adalah), Al Mezan Center for Human Rights, and the Palestinian Center for Human Rights. [Getty]


The Israeli Supreme Court rejected a petition on Sunday filed by the various human rights organisations and parents of four children who were killed by an Israeli airstrike while they were playing on the beach in Gaza City during Israel's war on the besieged coastal enclave in 2014.

The petition was filed in 2020 by three human rights organizations, the Legal Center for Arab Minority Rights in Israel (Adalah), Al Mezan Center for Human Rights, and the Palestinian Center for Human Rights.

The petition demanded that the Israeli Supreme Court overturn the Israeli Attorney General's (AG) decision to reject an appeal to reopen a criminal investigation and prosecute those responsible for the killing of the four minors.

On 9 September 2019, the Israeli Attorney General fully adopted the decision by the Military Advocate General (MAG) to close the investigation.

In a press statement sent to The New Arab, the petitioners argued that the evidence garnered during the investigation shows that the Israeli air force intentionally attacked the children, which is a war crime.

The petitioners also presented evidence that indicates significant flaws in the investigation conducted by the Israeli authorities, including numerous inconsistencies in the process and testimonies.

Despite these factors, the Israeli Supreme Court ruled that it saw no reason to interfere with the prosecutor's decision and did not address any of the plaintiffs' arguments regarding major flaws in the investigation.

On 16 July 2014, during the 51-day Israeli war on the Gaza Strip, an Israeli military drone targeted seven children of the Bakr family who were playing soccer on the Gaza beach under the pretext that there was a movement of armed elements on the beach.

The Israeli attack killed Zakaria Bakr, 10, Ahed Bakr, 10, Ismail Bakr, 9, and Mohammed Bakr, 11, and wounded the remaining three.

RELATED
MENA
The New Arab

"Although several years have passed since the Israeli crime took place, I still remember it as if it happened yesterday. My son was playing football with his cousins in front of my eyes on the seashore, but they were bombed and torn to pieces by the Israeli warplane," Mohammed Bakr, Ismail's father, said to The New Arab.

"No one can imagine how much pain we are going through all these years, especially since the killers are still free and can kill more children in Gaza," he added.

For Ahed Bakr, Zakaria's father, the situation is similar. He feels extreme sadness over the fact that he has not been able to hold to account and punish those responsible for killing his son and his friends.

"We are still living the tragedy of the four children's martyrdom as if it happened yesterday. Life has become very difficult, Israel stole everything beautiful in our lives," he said.

"Every day, when I'm awake or asleep, I see my child's torn body after being subjected to Israeli bombardment... I feel that time has stopped since that moment when my family's children were killed. The sadness does not leave us, joy has vanished from our homes," Bakr added.

"What is the fault of my son and the children who played with him? They were playing, not carrying weapons or missiles. Israel killed innocent people who were playing on the seashore in an area far from all military and security sites," he said.


MENA
The New Arab Staff & Agencies

Both fathers are not surprised by the Israeli Supreme Court's decision to reject the petition.

"We expected such an unjust decision, how can a criminal state like Israel condemn itself before the world for killing innocent children... It will certainly deny this accusation, and the silence of the international community, human rights institutions and the United Nations encourages it to do so," both the still-grieving fathers said.

They said they will carry on the fight by filing complaints against the Israeli army to the International Criminal Court and will continue to file cases against Israel until they get justice and "those responsible for crimes against children in Gaza" are punished.
For its part, the Israeli court based its decision that the rocket attacks by Israel's military drones were carried out "in accordance with the principles of distinction and proportionality" and in accordance with military procedures that the Israeli army claimed that the perimeter of the targetted area was being used by the Palestinian resistance.

The Israeli court also rejected the petitioners' claims about a conflict of interest inherent in the dual role of the Military Prosecutor, in which the Military Prosecutor provides legal advice to the military before and during military operations and, at the end of hostilities, also decides whether and how a criminal investigation should be launched and conducted.

"Under this ruling, the Supreme Court grants full license to the Israeli army to kill civilians with the widest impunity. Rather than examining the military's decisions during combat, the court has generally stated the broad scope of the prosecutor's and military prosecutor's discretion,” the petitioners said in the statement.

According to the Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor report on the 2014 Israeli war on the Gaza Strip, 2,174 Palestinians were killed, including 530 children, and 10,870 others were injured, including 3,303 children. 145 Palestinian families lost 3 or more of their members during single attacks by Israel.