Friday, October 28, 2022

IT'S FIREDAY FRIDAY

Musk starts cutting jobs at Twitter as staff seen leaving with boxes

Elon Musk has started to cut employees at Twitter Inc.

People who identified themselves as Twitter employees were seen leaving the company’s San Francisco headquarters carrying boxes of belongings. Internally, Slack channels lit up with suspicion that the departing people were enacting a hoax, and were not in fact laid off, people familiar with the matter said. 

Still, Musk has been cutting -- and started right after the deal closed Thursday with several executives, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, people familiar with the matter have said. 

The company has scheduled an employee meeting for next Wednesday, but some staff did not receive invitations, according to one of the people familiar with the matter.

Twitter didn’t respond to a request for comment.


ROFLMAO

Elon Musk wants Twitter to 'help humanity'

October 27, 2022

The Tesla CEO has said much of the public speculation about his intentions to buy the social network had been "wrong," and insisted his goals were noble.

In an unusually long, platitude-laden tweet, the world's richest person on Thursday said he wanted to buy Twitter to "help humanity."

Elon Musk, whose $44 billion deal appears to have closed, even admitted that "failure in pursuing this goal, despite our best efforts, is a very real possibility."

Avoiding a 'free-for-all hellscape'

"The reason I acquired Twitter is because it is important to the future of civilization to have a common digital town square, where a wide range of beliefs can be debated in a healthy manner, without resorting to violence,'' Musk, who typically projects his thoughts in one-line tweets, wrote in a long message aimed at advertisers.

"There is currently great danger that social media will splinter into far right wing and far left wing echo chambers that generate more hate and divide our society,'' he added.

He said he doesn't want Twitter to become a "free-for-all hellscape.''

Musk said Twitter should be "warm and welcoming to all'' and enable users to choose the experience they want to have.

On Wednesday Musk visited Twitter's San Francisco headquarters for meetings with executives. He also changed his bio on Twitter to "Chief Twit."

Musk's bid to gain the trust of ad buyers

The tweet from the self-described "free speech absolutist" was aimed at addressing some concerns among advertisers over his likely takeover.

"You do not want a place where consumers just simply are bombarded with things they do not want to hear about, and the platform takes no responsibility,'' Pinar Yildirim, associate professor of marketing at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School to the Associated Press.

Twitter's chief source of revenue is advertising. Ad sales accounted for more than 90% of Twitter's revenue in the second quarter.

Though Musk previously said he wanted to move away from the advertising model, on Thursday he wrote he wants Twitter to be "the most respected advertising platform."

Musk is funding a large portion of the deal through debt. One of Musk's biggest obstacles to closing the deal was keeping in place the financing pledged roughly six months ago.

lo/sms (AP, AFP, Reuters)

Twitter employees respond to new owner Elon Musk’s annihilation of top execs — on Twitter

AlterNet - TODAY
By Alex Henderson

Elon Musk in May 2022© provided by AlterNet

It’s official: billionaire Tesla CEO Elon Musk is now the owner of Twitter. For months, it appeared as though the $44 billion deal wouldn’t go through. But on Thursday, October 27, multiple media outlets reported that Musk had officially acquired Twitter — and it didn’t take him long to begin firing major figures at the company. Musk, according to Newsweek, has fired CEO Parag Agrawal, Chief Financial Officer Ned Segal and Policy Chief Vijaya Gadde.

Agrawal and Segal, according to Reuters, were escorted out of Twitter’s Bay Area headquarters when the deal was finalized. Some Twitter employees have been quick to respond to the firings — on Twitter.

On October 27, Twitter co-founder Biz Stone tweeted, “Thank you to @paraga, @vijaya, and @nedsegal for the collective contribution to Twitter. Massive talents, all, and beautiful humans each!”

Karl Robillard, Twitter’s head of social impact, posted, “There are no words to describe the gratitude and respect I feel for @nedsegal, @vijaya, and @paraga. They are, simply put, the best of the best.”

Twitter’s Haraldur Thorleifsson tweeted, “Reporters asking me what’s happening and I’m just no, you tell me what’s happening.” And Lara Cohen, global head of partners for Twitter, wrote, “I love my colleagues so much.”

Newsweek’s Giulia Carbonaro reports, “The firing of Twitter's top executives follows reports that Musk would fire 75 percent of staff after taking over the company to pay down the company's debt. Both Twitter and Musk later denied the claims, saying that the job cuts won't be as severe.”

With Musk now owning Twitter, many reporters believe that the Tesla CEO is likely to restore former President Donald Trump’s Twitter account — which was shut down following the January 6, 2021 attack on the U.S. Capitol Building. Gadde was part of the team that decided to ban Trump from the platform on January 8, 2021.

Parag Agrawal ‘escorted out’ of Twitter headquarters after Musk takeover: Report


Published on Oct 28, 2022 

Elon Musk had accused the top leadership at Twitter of misleading him and investors over the number of fake accounts on the social media platform.

Parag Agrawal walks to a morning session during the Allen & Company Sun Valley Conference in Sun Valley, Idaho.(AFP / File)
Parag Agrawal walks to a morning session during the Allen & Company Sun Valley
 Conference in Sun Valley, Idaho.(AFP / File)

After Elon Musk completed his $44 billion purchase deal of Twitter late on Thursday, its top executives were fired and escorted out of the social media company's San Francisco headquarters, according to several media reports. The Twitter executives who were fired include CEO Parag Agrawal, legal affairs and policy chief Vijaya Gadde, Chief Financial Officer Ned Segal and General Counsel Sean Edgett. (Also Read | Trump's Twitter account to be restored after Elon Musk takeover?)

Musk had accused the top leadership at Twitter of misleading him and investors over the number of fake accounts on the social media platform.

“Agrawal and Segal were in Twitter's San Francisco headquarters when the deal closed and were escorted out,” reported Reuters quoting sources.

“At least one of the executives who was fired was escorted out of Twitter’s office,” a New York Times report said.

Twitter, Musk and the executives are yet to issue an official statement on the firings.

Musk, however, tweeted “The bird is freed” in an obvious reference to the completion of $44 billion deal.

Agrawal had clashed with Musk in recent months about the takeover amid a remarkable saga, full of twists and turns, that sowed doubt over whether the tech billionaire would complete the deal. Musk complained publicly that he believed Twitter's spam accounts were significantly higher than the company's estimate. As per Twitter's regulatory filings, the company said the spam accounts on the platform were less than 5% of its monetizable daily active users.

Musk gave notice to Twitter on July 8 that he was terminating their deal on the grounds that Twitter misled him about the bots and did not cooperate with him. Four days later, Twitter sued Musk to force him to complete the deal.

Twitter co-founder Biz Stone thanked Agrawal, Segal and Gadde for their "massive contribution" to the business.

"Thank you to @paraga, @vijaya , and @nedsegal for the collective contribution to Twitter. Massive talents, all, and beautiful humans each!" Stone tweeted.

(With inputs from Reuters, PTI)


Parag Agrawal likely to receive 

$42 million following exit 

from Twitter: Report


Updated on Oct 28, 2022

Agrawal's run as CEO was quickly disrupted by Musk’s arrival as a major shareholder with Twitter.

Parag Agrawal likely to receive $42 million following exit from Twitter: Report
Parag Agrawal likely to receive $42 million following exit from Twitter: Report
By | Edited by Poulomi Ghosh

Billionaire Elon Musk on Friday after completing his $44 billion deal to take over Twitter fired Twitter CEO Parag Agrawal. However, the top executive will not be leaving empty-handed, said reports. As a part of the deal, Agrawal will vest 100% of his unvested equity awards, reported Bloomberg.

According to research firm Equilar, this means that he will make an estimated $42 million, reported Reuters. The estimate includes a year's worth of Parag's base salary plus accelerated vesting of all equity awards. In 2021, Agrawal's total compensation was $30.4 million, when he was the chief technology officer, according to Twitter's proxy. As the CEO, Agrawal's salary was reported to be $1 million annually.

Also read: You're free to tweet: Messages reveal Elon Musk- Parag Agrawal fall out

Parag Agrawal took over the Twitter CEO role in November last year after co-founder Jack Dorsey unexpectedly resigned. Agrawal's run as CEO was quickly disrupted by Musk’s arrival as a major shareholder and increasingly vocal antagonist of its current leadership. The two had not been on good terms and none of it was hidden from the public eye.

After Musk's involvement, Parag Agrawal was unlikely to keep his job.

In one of Musk's filings about the deal, he said that he “does not have confidence in management”.

Several text messages during the lawsuit showed that Musk and Agrawal had a contentious exchange early on during the deal process after Musk asked his followers whether Twitter was “dying". On April 9, Agarwal had written to Musk: “You are free to tweet ‘is Twitter dying?’ but it’s my responsibility to tell you that it’s not helping me make Twitter better in the current context.” Musk fired back: “What did you get done this week?”

Also read: 'Chief Twit' Elon Musk visits Twitter HQ as takeover deadline looms | Watch

Elon Musk took over Twitter on Friday after a bitter legal battle with the social media platform - days after Musk had pulled the plug on the buyout deal in July - claiming that he was misled by Twitter concerning the number of bot accounts on its platform.

On October 17, Musk and Twitter were expected in a face-off in Delaware's Court of Chancery - wherein the social media company was set to seek an order directing Musk to close the deal for $44 billion. However, earlier this month, Musk proposed to proceed with his original $44 billion bid - calling for an end to the lawsuit by Twitter.

(With inputs from agencies)


MAGA World Rejoices as Elon Musk Fires Lawyer Who Banned Trump From Twitter

BY JAKE THOMAS ON 10/28/22

Elon Musks Shows Up At Twitter HQ With A Sink Ahead Of Takeover Deadline


Donald Trump supporters are reacting with glee to news that Twitter's new owner Elon Musk has fired the lawyer that nixed the former president's account on the social media platform.

After taking control of Twitter on Thursday, Musk swiftly fired company CEO Parag Agrawal and other executives, reports the Associated Press, including Chief Legal Counsel Vijaya Gadde, who made the call in January 2021 to permanently suspend Trump's account for inciting violence. Conservatives, who've complained that Twitter's content moderation is uneven, were receptive to Musk's ownership of the platform. Now, they're cheering Musk's early decisions.

"I was suspended 8 times for absolutely no reason," Libs of TikTok, a Twitter account famous for mocking liberals, tweeted. "I have zero sympathy for Vijaya Gadde- chief of account banning and censorship."




"Thank you, thank you, thank you Elon Musk!" pro-Trump TEAM USA reacted to the firing in a tweet.



Conservative commentator Dinesh D'Souza tweeted that Agarwal and Gadde's firing was "karma" for what he said was their use of the platform to quash their opponents.


The world's wealthiest man who heads electric-car maker Tesla and space exploration company SpaceX, Musk agreed to buy Twitter in April. He promised improvements to the digital town square that included more relaxed content restrictions to facilitate free speech.

"By 'free speech', I simply mean that which matches the law," Musk said in a tweet in April. "I am against censorship that goes far beyond the law."

In the run-up to the finalization of the $44 billion acquisition, Musk criticized Gadde for her previous decisions clamping down on political content. Specifically, Musk took issue with Twitter restricting a New York Post article about alleged influence peddling of President Joe Biden's son, Hunter Biden, during the 2020 election.


Tesla CEO Elon Musk looks up as he addresses guests at the Offshore Northern Seas 2022 meeting in Stavanger, Norway, on August 29, 2022. Musk purchased Twitter on Thursday and fired top executives, delighting conservatives.
CARINA JOHANSEN/GETTY IMAGES

"He's certainly off to a flying start," Lee Harris, who describes himself as a conservative, tweeted in response to Musk's takeover. "Looks like he means business."

Harris reacted to Gadde's firing with the tears of joy emoji and the word "wonderful."


Political commentator Tim Pool, who has accused the platform of unfairly censoring conservatives, tweeted that he "Cracked a bottle of Louis XIII to celebrate Elon buying twitter."

"maybe vijaya can learn to code, i think Parag already knows how," he added.


READ MORE

"Chief Twit" Elon Musk meeting "cool people" at Twitter as deadline nears

But Gadde had sympathizers.

Twitter user V pointed out that Trump was kicked off other social media platforms as well, suggesting Gadde was unfairly singled out for making the call.



Olivia Troye, who served as an adviser to former Vice President Mike Pence, praised Gadde in a tweet: "I just want to thank her & her team for their commitment to trying to make a difference."


Newsweek has reached out to Twitter and Gadde for comment.


FIN DE SICLE AMERICAN CULT

Four Jehovah’s Witnesses charged with sexual abuse of 19 children across Pennsylvania

‘Most of these defendants used their faith and church to gain access to their victims,’ Pennsylvania Attorney General Josh Shapiro said.

Pennsylvania Attorney General Josh Shapiro announces at a news conference that four Jehovah's Witnesses have been arrested and charged with child sex abuse, Oct. 27, 2022. Video screen grab

(RNS) — Four Jehovah’s Witnesses have been charged with sexually abusing 19 children in their congregations, Pennsylvania Attorney General Josh Shapiro announced in a news conference Thursday morning (Oct. 27). The alleged crimes of the four defendants are separate, but all took place in Jehovah’s Witness communities in Pennsylvania. The charges include indecent assault, rape and involuntary deviate sexual intercourse.

“The cases that we are here to announce are deeply disturbing, the allegations hard to imagine, while all sharing one common tie,” Shapiro said at the news conference. “Most of these defendants used their faith and church to gain access to their victims to build their trust and then molested them.”

The charges are the result of a three-year investigation involving dozens of witnesses and hundreds of hours of grand jury testimony. The investigation began with a referral from a local district attorney’s office in 2019. Three of the defendants have been taken into custody — the fourth took his life when officers attempted to arrest him early Thursday, authorities said.

“Children have a right to grow up in a safe community but were defiled by members of their own congregations. Some defendants only looked as far as their own families to commit their abuse,” said Shapiro. “My office will not stop until these defendants are held accountable for the crimes against innocent children.”

In an email to RNS, Jarrod Lopes, a spokesperson for the Jehovah’s Witnesses, said the religious group agreed with calls for victims of abuse to consider contacting the police. “As Christians, Jehovah’s Witnesses despise the mistreatment and abuse of anyone, especially precious children. While it is not appropriate to comment on cases pending before the courts, we want to express our concern for all victims of abuse regardless of faith.”

The men charged in the investigation are Jose Serrano, 69, of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; Jesse Hill, 52, formerly of Berks County, Pennsylvania, now a resident of the state of Georgia; Robert Ostrander, 56, formerly of Cambria County, Pennsylvania, now a resident of New York state; and Eric Eleam, 61, of Butler County, Pennsylvania.

The Pennsylvania Office of Attorney General’s charges stem from the 49th Investigating Grand Jury.


RELATED: Religious freedom watchdog seeks Eritrea’s release of 80-year-old Jehovah’s Witness


According to Shapiro, the investigation found that in 2011, Serrano “used his influence and common faith” to molest at least six young girls, including his daughter. “His own daughter testified to the grand jury that her mother would remind her to lock the door at night if her father was around,” Shapiro said. He added that Serrano allegedly confessed many of these criminal offenses to members of his community. Serrano has been charged with endangering the welfare of a child, indecent assault and aggravated indecent assault.

Shapiro said that in the 1990s, Hill exposed himself to young boys from his Jehovah’s Witness congregation and forced them to perform oral sex after luring them to his property with promises of drugs and alcohol. He has been charged with corruption of minors, rape, indecent assault and involuntary deviate sexual intercourse.

Ostrander allegedly began physically abusing his family members in 2006. Shapiro said the physical abuse escalated into sexual assault of Ostrander’s stepdaughter. The attorney general added that, due to Ostrander’s position as an active member of a Jehovah’s Witnesses congregation, he gained unsupervised access to his stepdaughter’s friend, whom he also allegedly assaulted. He has been charged with corruption of minors, indecent assault and endangering the welfare of children.

Shapiro also announced that Eleam, the defendant who took his life, used sexual molestation to discipline his daughter. His daughter allegedly reported the abuse to other members of her community, including her mother. Eleam was charged with endangering the welfare of a child, aggravated indecent assault, rape and involuntary deviate sexual intercourse.

Shapiro concluded the announcement by encouraging other victims of sexual abuse to report via the sexual assault hotline, 888-538-8541.

“As prosecutors, as people of faith, as parents, we can’t escape the impact that these cases have,” Shapiro said. “These 19 children, they deserved a place to grow up in peace, not to be preyed upon. This is an abuse of trust, an abuse of power. I will remind you, no matter what power you cloak yourself in, everyone is accountable under the law.”

SPEAKING OF CULTS


Extreme Heat Saps Trillions of Dollars From Developing Economies

(Bloomberg) -- Heat is exhausting. When it’s hot, we honk more when driving and more readily descend into hate speech. Major League Baseball umpires call balls and strikes less accurately. Workers are likelier to fall off ladders.

How heat stress shows up in economic activity overall — and how climate change affects it — continues to draw research attention. A new peer-reviewed analysis by two researchers at Dartmouth College, published today in Science Advances, adds more detail by focusing on the economic effects of extreme heat. It finds that extreme heat caused trillions of dollars in damage to economies around the world between 1992 and 2013. Hot, poorer countries are most vulnerable: They lost a cumulative 6.7% of potential GDP to extreme heat, compared with 1.5% for developed, and cooler, northern countries. 

The duo looked at the hottest five-day periods around the world in their 22-year window. Combining meteorological with economic data, they were able to develop a working relationship between heat and economic activity. 

Christopher Callahan, a doctoral candidate in Dartmouth’s Department of Geography, and Justin Mankin, an assistant professor in the same department, came to three major conclusions: First, heat extremes “significantly” cut economic growth in warm, tropical areas. Effects on cooler mid-latitude areas are weaker. Second, climate change has made these extremes hotter and more common. And lastly, these trends have worsened inequality by hampering growth in countries already late to develop, which have contributed the least to climate pollution. 

Cold places actually benefitted from more heat in the period they studied, while hot places suffered from it. A five-day heat wave in Brazil depresses economic growth by 0.63 percentage points, but in Norway, a heat wave of the same statistical significance increases growth by 0.62 percentage points. 

Although the researchers considered average annual temperature rise, they also factored in the daily volatility of temperatures. If the average temperature rise in an area were the only thing that mattered, then similar averages should yield similar damage. But that’s not the case. For example, northeastern France had an average temperature of 50.6F in 2002 and 50.9F in 003. But in 2003, more than 50,000 people died in a catastrophic summer heat wave. 

“There’s 365 days in a year. If five of those days are very impactful, they might not show up” in mean temperature rise, Callahan said. “The contribution of our study is to explicitly represent extreme heat in these economic analyses and place it alongside average temperature. You have to consider both of these things independently and additively.”

A better understanding of the relationship specifically between extreme heat and economic impacts has direct implications for decision-making about infrastructure, they said. 

The electric power industry has long relied on so-called peaker plants, or generation capacity that’s mostly idle until the highest-demand hours or days of the year. That occurs usually during the summer heat, when everybody turns on and turns up air-conditioning. 

The research suggests that analogous cooling infrastructure could meet the rising threat of heat waves — particularly in low-income countries that aren’t yet adapted to the current climate. That means cooling centers, water parks and water fountains and even more AC, on reserve for whenever the hot days come. 

“Given finite resources, where do we put them to the greatest effect?” Mankin said. “From an adaptation standpoint, these five hottest days seem to have this very salient signal of economic damage associated with them.” 

The study follows a major analysis Callahan and Mankin published in July, which looked country by country at the damage the rich world’s carbon emissions inflicted on developing nations over a similar time frame. The disproportionate climate impacts experienced by poorer nations are likely to be a focus of the UN climate summit taking place in Egypt next week. 

©2022 Bloomberg L.P.

For Rishi Sunak, Family Wealth From Outsourcing Adds to a Secretive Fortune

Britain’s new prime minister married into an $800 million stake in Infosys, a company that does not fit neatly into his party’s views on immigration.


By Jane Bradley
NEW YORK TIMES
Oct. 28, 2022

LONDON — As Rishi Sunak made his rapid ascent in British politics, campaigning for Brexit and greater immigration controls to preserve jobs for Britons, the company that made his family exceedingly wealthy was becoming a political lightning rod as one of the world’s biggest outsourcing firms.

Infosys, the Indian outsourcing giant founded by Mr. Sunak’s father-in-law, became notorious among both American political parties for helping companies replace their workers with thousands of Indian immigrants or move their positions to the sprawling Infosys complex in Bangalore.

As the company grew to a market value of nearly $80 billion, it also paid record fines and faced repeated accusations that it broke immigration laws and helped companies discriminate against American workers.

At a perilous time in British politics, with markets on edge, his party in turmoil and inflation rising, Mr. Sunak’s financial ties to Infosys blend two volatile political issues: immigration and inequality. Though Mr. Sunak’s family members are no longer company directors, they are major shareholders, and the company’s outsourcing history does not neatly fit with his party’s stance on limiting immigration to protect jobs. And his wife’s $800 million stake in the company is the biggest source of his wealth, which has emerged as an early source of unease at a time when the government appears ready to cut benefits for working-class families and the poor.

Infosys is also a British government contractor that has made more than $120 million in public sector deals since Mr. Sunak entered government, according to an analysis of records from Tussell, a research firm that tracks public spending.

That includes an $8.6 million technology contract with the Home Office, the government department responsible for immigration. The contract, which has not previously been reported, was made public only this May, years after it was signed, despite rules requiring contracts to be made public within 30 days.

Mr. Sunak, who was a member of Parliament when the deal was signed and became chancellor of the Exchequer later in the contract term, did not disclose his wife’s stake in the company. British financial disclosure rules do not uniformly require disclosure of spousal earnings, but lawmakers are supposed to reveal financial interests that might “reasonably be thought by others to influence” their actions.

Mr. Sunak and his wife Akshata Murty during a reception to celebrate the British Asian Trust at The British Museum in February.
Credit...Mark Cuthbert/UK Press, via Getty Images

“After years of sleaze and scandal, public confidence in the U.K. standards system is already at rock bottom,” Angela Rayner, deputy leader of the opposition Labour Party, said on Thursday. “There has been a worrying lack of transparency over what processes were put in place in the case of Infosys.”

A spokesman for Mr. Sunak declined to respond to questions seeking comment. Infosys did not respond to repeated requests for comment.

The revelations add to a growing picture of Mr. Sunak’s closely guarded wealth, one flecked by tax controversies, offshore accounts and millions of dollars in potential conflicts of interests that went undeclared. He and his wife, Akshata Murty, have a net worth of $845 million, according to the Rich List, the annual catalog of British wealth published in The Sunday Times.

More on the Political Turmoil in Britain

Making History: Rishi Sunak is the first person of color and the first Hindu to become prime minister of Britain — a milestone for a nation that is more and more ethnically diverse but also roiled by occasional anti-immigrant fervor.

A Breakthrough, With Privilege: While Mr. Sunak’s rise to prime minister is a significant moment for Britain’s Indian diaspora, his immense wealth has made him less relatable to many.

Economic Challenges: Mr. Sunak already has experience steering Britain’s public finances as chancellor of the Exchequer. That won’t make tackling the current crisis any easier.

Political Primaries: Are primary elections of British leaders driving Britain’s dysfunction? The rise and fall of Liz Truss offers some lessons.

Robert Ford, a University of Manchester political scientist, said Infosys represented a “fairly obvious potential conflict of interest.” Coming after the scandals of Boris Johnson’s administration, he said, “you would think Sunak would want to avoid even the mildest hint of anything like that.”

“Yet we do have a situation where he is married into a family that has government contracts, has an interest in extending those contracts and in extending trade with Britain,” Professor Ford said.

Mr. Sunak, a former Goldman Sachs banker and hedge fund manager, is wealthy in his own right. His early fiscal policies and his finance background have helped steady British markets after his predecessor, Liz Truss, so unsettled the markets that she resigned after 44 days in office.


Mr. Sunak leaves his home address in London, this month.
Credit...Toby Melville/Reuters

But Mr. Sunak’s critics have seized on his wealth to argue he is too out of touch to shepherd the country through a cost-of-living crisis. Unlike the United States, which put a Kennedy, a Trump and a pair of Roosevelts in the White House, Britain does not have a history of ultrawealthy prime ministers.


Infosys has at times become a political issue for Mr. Sunak. His critics have accused the Conservative government of cutting a 2021 post-Brexit trade deal with India that benefited Infosys at a time when Mr. Sunak was chancellor — the British equivalent of Treasury secretary. That criticism was overly simplistic at best, but Mr. Johnson, the prime minister at the time, did praise the company during the deal for announcing new jobs in Britain. “We need more firms like Infosys with a commitment to investing in people to help the U.K. build back better,” he said.
A Familiar Story

Mr. Sunak represents many firsts, including the first prime minister of color and the first Hindu prime minister. But in other ways, his is a familiar story in British politics.

The eldest son of immigrants of Indian heritage who moved to Southampton, on the southern English coast, Mr. Sunak’s father was a family doctor and his mother ran a pharmacy.

Mr. Sunak was educated at private schools, including the prestigious Winchester College, which today is one of the most expensive in the country, with fees of roughly $50,000 a year. When his political allies briefed reporters about his early life, they said he attended on scholarship. But his parents later described saving up to pay the fees.

He went on to study politics, philosophy and economics at Oxford University — where six of the last seven prime ministers and more than half of all British prime ministers since 1742 also studied.

Earlier this year, footage emerged of a 20-year-old Mr. Sunak telling documentary filmmakers: “I have friends who are aristocrats. I have friends who are upper class. I have friends who are, you know, working class, but — well, not working class.”

Ms. Murty and Mr. Sunak’s parents, Usha Sunak, center, and Yashvir Sunak during the Conservative Party leadership campaign, in London, in August.
Credit...Hannah Mckay/Reuters

His parents helped him buy his first apartment, in an affluent London neighborhood, at age 21, and he worked as an analyst for Goldman Sachs for nearly four years — something he makes no mention of in his public résumé.

Around 2006, Mr. Sunak, by then living in the United States, joined Children’s Investment Fund Management as a partner, a hedge fund known as T.C.I. that was owned by a Cayman Islands company and co-founded by the billionaire Sir Christopher Hohn.

During Mr. Sunak’s time there, the fund campaigned for the breakup of a Dutch bank, ABN Amro. That led to the bank’s acquisition by the Royal Bank of Scotland, a deal that saddled the company with debt, contributed to its near collapse and helped trigger a government bailout and the 2008 financial crisis.

Soon after Mr. Sunak became prime minister, his political opponents began circulating lists of T.C.I.’s investments during his time there, including the tobacco company Philip Morris International; News Corp; and Sterlite Industries, a mining company with a history of environmental pollution and fines in India.

Mr. Sunak moved next to Theleme Partners, another offshore-linked hedge fund. The fund launched with an initial investment of more than $620 million, and partners were paid a share of the offshore funds they managed, according to corporate filings first reported by Channel 4 News.

His time at the two funds made Mr. Sunak wealthy. But his net worth was tiny compared to the fortune he married into in 2009 with his wedding to Ms. Murty at a Bangalore hotel.

‘Fresh Questions’

Ms. Murty’s father, N. R. Narayana Murthy, founded Infosys in 1981. By the time Mr. Sunak married into that fortune, the company was revolutionizing the way international companies did business. Rather than hire their own programmers or software engineers, companies could hire temporary Infosys workers on visas or let the company handle all their technology needs from Bangalore.

But the company’s rise was marked by whistle-blower complaints, congressional hearings and lawsuits. In 2013, the company paid a record $34 million to settle a Justice Department lawsuit alleging years of “systemic visa fraud.” In 2019, the company settled a tax and immigration investigation by the state of California.


N. R. Narayana Murthy in 2006.
Credit...Dibyangshu Sarkar/Agence France-Presse — Getty Images

The company denied any wrongdoing in both cases. But what was undeniable was that Infosys benefited from, and accelerated, the very globalization forces that helped fuel populist campaigns like Brexit.

Professor Ford, the University of Manchester scholar, said that while Mr. Sunak’s wife profited from those same sources, it was unfair to say that Mr. Sunak did, too. He benefited from marrying into a family, Professor Ford said. But he said the family’s ties to Infosys would hang over future trade negotiations with India.

“I would imagine that Infosys would benefit a lot from liberalization and trade with Britain,” he said. That will raise fresh questions, he said. “Would Rishi Sunak’s extended family benefit from a trade deal between Britain and India for facilitated outsourcing?”

In 2013, Mr. Sunak and his wife founded a start-up investment fund, Catamaran Ventures U.K. The Murthy family seeded the fund with money from the Infosys investments, according to an investigation by The Guardian.

Mr. Sunak transferred his stake in Catamaran to his wife just before he was elected to Parliament in 2015. Under British financial disclosure rules, that means Mr. Sunak is not required to reveal any details about his financial interests in the company — including where the money is invested — other than the fact that his wife owns it.


Property records show that the couple has amassed a real estate portfolio that includes a penthouse in Santa Monica, Calif.; an $8 million, five-bedroom townhouse and a nearby apartment in London’s Kensington neighborhood; and a $2.3 million manor house in the Yorkshire countryside that is undergoing renovations to build a $460,000 swimming pool.

The Politics Era

Until he entered the Conservative leadership race this spring, Mr. Sunak had enjoyed a rose-tinted political career and a meteoric rise through Westminster.

First, the party tapped him to run for one of the nation’s safest Conservative seats. Then, as chancellor, he had at his disposal an almost limitless pot of money to help companies during the coronavirus pandemic. Businesses hailed him as a savior for helping them survive lockdowns, and his public popularity soared.

Then chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr. Sunak holding the budget box on Downing Street, last year.
Credit...Peter Nicholls/Reuters

But when he announced his intention to run for leader, his family’s wealth and his own privileged background came under intense scrutiny for the first time.

In April, The Independent revealed that Ms. Murty had used what is known as a non-domiciled tax status that lets people avoid paying British taxes on money earned abroad. The status saved her an estimated $23 million in taxes. Ms. Murty defended the strategy but quickly promised to pay taxes on her worldwide income in the future because she did not want the issue “to be a distraction for my husband.”


Keir Starmer, the Labour Party leader, accused Mr. Sunak of “taxation hypocrisy” for raising taxes on working-class Britons while maneuvering to reduce his own family’s tax bill

Journalists also raised questions about why Mr. Sunak held a U.S. green card, allowing permanent residence in America, until last year — including while he was Britain’s chancellor.

The scrutiny followed a Guardian report that showed that Mr. Sunak had not publicly disclosed a number of his family’s financial interests during his time as chancellor, including its Infosys holdings and an investment in a $1 billion-a-year joint venture with Amazon in India. An independent investigation concluded that Mr. Sunak had not broken any rules.

Mr. Sunak’s official register of interests remains relatively bare for someone with such wealth. That is largely because he transferred his assets into a blind trust when he was appointed chancellor in July 2019.

Under typical blind trust arrangements, people cannot know the details about how their money is invested or make decisions about those investments. But parliamentary rules allow Mr. Sunak to give “general direction” about his investments. And Mr. Sunak knows what assets the trust holds, while the public does not.

The door to 10 Downing Street in London, the prime minister’s office and residence.
Credit...Frank Augstein/Associated Press

Sarah Hurtes contributed reporting from Brussels.


Why ‘proud Hindu’ Rishi Sunak’s rise to British prime minister is a big deal

A Hindu now leads a country that for two centuries subjugated Hindus around the world.

New British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak waves after arriving at Downing Street in London, Oct. 25, 2022, after returning from Buckingham Palace, where he was formally appointed to the post by Britain’s King Charles III. (AP Photo/Frank Augstein)

(RNS) — As Rishi Sunak, the new prime minister of the United Kingdom, prepared to lead his country amid economic, political and social turmoil, he used the term “proud Hindu” to describe himself. That identity matters to millions, British and not, around the world.

For some years now, “proud Hindu” would be understood in the West as referring to someone who endorses majoritarian politics in India. For decades, the idea of a proud Hindu ran counter to the shame felt by those of us born and raised in Western countries. Born and raised in the United States, I was well into my 30s before I could call myself a “proud Hindu.”

Sunak’s use of the phrase finally makes a genuine connection with a religion that has existed for thousands of years and whose influence is felt across the globe.

There is more to Sunak’s Hindu pride, however. A few (but only a few) Western news outlets have taken note of Sunak’s religious identity, noting that he took the helm of the United Kingdom on Diwali, Hinduism’s festival of lights and one of its most important holidays. But the media has largely failed to grasp the significance of the ascent of a Hindu to the leadership of a country that for two centuries subjugated Hindus in the Indian subcontinent and elsewhere.


RELATED: 75 years after India’s independence, a lost generation recovers its Hindu faith


To this point, the few Hindu modern heads of state have governed Hindu majority countries (India, Nepal and Mauritius) or where there are large Hindu populations (Guyana, Trinidad and Singapore). A Hindu was elected prime minister of Fiji in 1999 but was overthrown in a coup within a year.

Besides demographics, Hindus have been shunned because the British colonizers strenuously codified a caricatured idea of Hinduism, and their scholars reimagined the religion based on their own prejudices. That framing was influential for American scholars and journalists as well. Nearly a century ago, the writer Katherine Mayo published “Mother India,” an attack on India’s Hindu culture and a plea for Americans to support British rule over India. She called “Hindoos” “men who enter the world out of bankrupt stock” whose “hands are too weak, too fluttering, to seize or to hold the reins of government.”

Mayo’s description was embraced in the United States and championed by Winston Churchill, the conservative British leader who viewed Hindus as backward and degenerate. The irony shouldn’t be lost, then, that Churchill’s party has now embraced a Hindu as its leader.

Even in the 75 years since India gained its independence from the British Empire, Hindus around the world, but particularly those of Indian descent, continue to struggle with identifying as Hindu, or the degree to which they claim their Hinduness. There’s a profound shame associated with practicing a religion that has been the subject of exotification, vilification and marginalization, outside of the few countries where Hindus are majority.

Whether we are fans of his politics or not (and I am not), many of us “proud Hindus” will be invested in Sunak’s success, in hopes that he may not be the last head of state in the West to identify that way.

(Murali Balaji is a journalist and a lecturer at the Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism at the University of Pennsylvania. His books include “Digital Hinduism” and “The Professor and the Pupil,” a political biography of W.E.B. Du Bois and Paul Robeson. The views expressed in this commentary do not necessarily reflect those of Religion News Service.)

Indians embrace UK’s new Hindu prime minister as their own

British people of Indian descent celebrated their new prime minister as a “proud Hindu," saying he did not shy away from embracing his faith and Indian culture.

FILE - Liz Truss, right, and Rishi Sunak on stage after a Conservative leadership election hustings at Wembley Arena in London, Aug. 31, 2022. Rishi Sunak, the former British Treasury chief who won the race to be leader of the Conservative Party and is likely to become the country’s next prime minister, is getting cheers from an unlikely place: India, its former colony. Social media and TV channels in India are awash with comments and reactions to the accomplishment by the 42-year-old who has spoken publicly about his Indian roots and Hindu faith.  (AP Photo/Kirsty Wigglesworth, File)

NEW DELHI (AP) — The next prime minister of the United Kingdom, Rishi Sunak, has embraced his Indian and Hindu heritage — and on Monday, people across the former British colony proudly celebrated his victory.

Social media and TV channels in India were awash with congratulations for the 42-year-old Sunak, who is set to become the first person of color to lead Britain. The former Treasury chief was chosen by a governing Conservative Party desperate for a safe pair of hands to guide the country through economic and political turbulence.

For many Indians, who are celebrating Diwali, one of the most important Hindu festivals, it was a instance to say: He is one of our own. “It is a moment of pride for India that the country which ruled us for many years has now a prime minister of Indian heritage,” said Manoj Garg, a New Delhi businessman.

Sunak’s grandparents hailed from Punjab state before the subcontinent was divided into two countries — India and Pakistan — after British rule ended in 1947. They moved to East Africa in the late 1930s before finally settling in the U.K. in the 1960s. Sunak was born in 1980 in Southampton, on England’s south coast.


RELATED: Diwali: A celebration of goddess Lakshmi, and her promise of prosperity, good fortune


His ancestral link is not his only association with India. He is married to Akshata Murty, whose father is Indian billionaire N.R. Narayana Murthy, founder of tech giant Infosys.

In April 2022, it emerged that Murty, who owns a little less than a 1% stake in Infosys, did not pay U.K. taxes on her overseas income. The practice was legal, but it looked bad at a time when Sunak was raising taxes for millions of Britons as chancellor of the Exchequer.

Indian TV channels appeared star-struck by Sunak’s victory. Across the bottom of the screen on New Delhi Television ran the words: “Indian son rises over the empire.” India Today news channel, meanwhile, took a jab at the U.K.’s economic and political turbulence, using the Hindi term for someone of Indian background: “Battered Britain gets ‘desi’ big boss.”

Last year, Indians celebrated Kamala Harris’s Indian heritage when she became U.S. vice president.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Sunak on Twitter and said he is looking forward to “working closely together on global issues.”

“Special Diwali wishes to ‘living bridge’ of U.K. Indians as we transform historic ties into modern partnership,” Modi wrote.

Some said Sunak’s selection was particularly special for the country with its recent celebration of 75 years of independence from British colonial rule.

“Today, as India celebrates Diwali in its 75th year as an independent nation, the U.K. gets an Indian-origin Prime Minister. History comes full circle,” lawmaker Raghav Chadha tweeted.

Others celebrated Sunak as a “proud Hindu,” saying he did not shy away from embracing his faith and Indian culture. They shared videos on Twitter showing Sunak taking his oath of allegiance as a lawmaker in 2020 on the Hindu holy book Bhagavad Gita.


RELATED: Religious polarization in India seeping into US diaspora


Other videos shared on Twitter showed Sunak praying to a cow, considered holy by Hindus, when he was running for Britain’s top job for the first time in August. In a Hindu ritual conducted in London, Sunak touched the cow’s feet while his wife offered carrots to it. Sunak also performed “aarti” in front of the cow — a Hindu ritual involving the waving of oil lamps.

Sunak has been public about his Indian origins — and his love for cricket. He has also talked about his abstinence from beef on religious grounds.

“I am thoroughly British, this is my home and my country, but my cultural heritage is Indian,” he told reporters in 2020.

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Associated Press video journalist Shonal Ganguly contributed to this report.