Wednesday, June 26, 2024

De Beers sales drop to $315m amid search for new owner

Cecilia Jamasmie | June 26, 2024 


Roughs diamonds. (Image courtesy of De Beers Group.)

De Beers’ sales of rough diamonds fell for the second time this year, with the Anglo American’s (LON: AAL) unit recording a provisional $315 million, down from $383 million in the previous cycle and $456 million at this time last year.


The world’s largest diamond producer by value attributed the dip to the quieter summer period, but industry experts believe the results show that the diamond market remains in the doldrums.

“With the key China market struggling amid renewed graft investigations, we don’t expect to see much evidence of recovery during 2024,” BMO analyst Colin Hamilton wrote in a brief on Wednesday.

De Beers chief executive Al Cook confirmed the pessimistic outlook. “The recent annual JCK jewelry show in Las Vegas confirmed a resurgence in retailers’ interest in natural diamonds in the United States but ongoing economic growth challenges in China mean we continue to expect a protracted U-shaped recovery in demand,” he said in the statement.

Parent company Anglo American, which recently fended off a takeover by the world’s largest miner BHP (ASX:BHP), is in the midst of selling its 85% stake in De Beers.

The decision, announced in May, is part of a major company-wide restructuring and comes as the diamond sector continues to face declining sales, a sluggish global economy, and the rise of lab-created diamond alternatives.



Source: De Beers Group.

In preparation for the split from Anglo, De Beers— which coined the slogan “Diamonds are Forever”— is ditching man-made stones. This means it would end a six-year experiment to sell lab-grown diamond jewellery through its own brand, Lightbox, created in 2018.

While the miner is not halting the sale of its Lightbox stones right away, it will put the unit under review once it depletes current inventory, which will take about a year.

De Beers is targeting annual core profits of $1.5 billion by 2028. Last year, the business made just $72 million, though traditionally its profits have ranged between $500 million and $1.5 billion as the diamond industry swings from boom to bust.

The diamond miner seems ready to fly alone as it did for 124 of its 136 years of existence. Anglo American acquired a majority stake in De Beers only 13 years ago.

The government of Botswana holds the remaining shares and recently stated it would increase its stake in the company in order to play a central role in selecting a new investor to replace Anglo.
Contango to pour first gold from Alaska mine on July 8

6/25/2024

In September 2020, Contango and Kinross formed the Peak Gold joint venture aimed at developing the namesake deposit (later renamed Manh Choh) located on top of a group of low hills in the northern part of the Tetlin lease.

The JV — led by Kinross as operator — subsequently completed the work leading to a feasibility study in 2022, followed by its successful permitting for the project and construction of the mine.

Mining operations commenced in August of 2023 and ore hauling started in November 2023, leading to a sizeable stockpile of ore at Kinross’ Fort Knox facilities ready to be processed through the mill.

As outlined on the JV’s website, the two small open pits comprising Manh Choh are estimated to be mined concurrently for about 4 to 5 years, producing about 225,000 ounces of gold a year.

Based on over 55,000 metres of drilling to date, the deposit currently has a defined resource of 9.2 million tonnes in the measured and indicated category averaging 4.1 g/t gold and 14 g/t silver, for 1.2 million oz. of contained gold and 4.2 million oz. contained silver.
Newmont the only miner to make TIME's top 100 green firms ranking

25.06.2024 

Newmont (NYSE: NEM, TSX: NGT, ASX: NEM) is the only miner among the world's top 100 most sustainable companies for 2024, according to a new ranking published on Tuesday by TIME and Statista.The gold miner is ranked 84th in the list, led by the French multinational Schneider Electric.According to TIME, the companies at the top of the list have signed on to some of the most respected climate programs, including the 1.5°C target from the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), and have received high scores from CDP (formerly the Carbon Disclosure Project). TIME and Statista held companies to high standards for their Scope 1 and 2 emissions and energy consumption relative to company size, emissions reductions in 2021 and 2022, and the proportion of renewable energy used by the company's operations. At the top of the list, Schneider Electric scored 88.86 out of 100. Its environmental initiatives include creating software and services for energy management. Schneider has also set ambitious targets to become carbon neutral by 2025.It is important to note that many highly ranked companies are in industries that don't produce many physical products—such as banking, tech, and consulting. Newmont scored 71.64. Among Newmont's environmental targets for 2030, the company aims to reduce absolute greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (Scope 1 and 2) by 32%, reduce GHG emissions intensity (Scope 1 and 2) by 32%, and reduce absolute Scope 3 emissions (joint venture assets, and supply chain) by 30%. Besides Newmont, the ranking includes five other natural resources and mining companies among the top 500, including Hindustan Zinc (ranked 239) and Aurubis (ranked 468).Continue to the full article at Mining.com


Newmont Ranks Among the Top 100 Most Sustainable Companies


By Fernando Mares | Journalist & Industry Analyst
 - Wed, 06/26/2024 - 
MEXICAN BUSINESS NEWS

Newmont, the world’s leading gold miner, has been ranked among TIME and Statista’s Top 100 most sustainable companies globally. The US-based company stands out as the only mining company to secure a spot in the Top 100. Additionally, among the mining companies listed in the Top 500, Newmont is the sole operator with operations in Mexico.

TIME and Statista have introduced a robust methodology to determine the world's most sustainable companies for 2024. This methodology emphasizes tangible, public commitments to environmental improvement and tracks companies' adherence to them.

Top-ranking companies have pledged their adherence to climate initiatives like the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi) and have received high scores from the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP). Criteria for evaluation include Scope 1 and 2 emissions, energy consumption relative to company size, emissions reductions in recent years, and the proportion of renewable energy used. Ranked 84th on the list, Newmont stands out among the 100 global sustainability leaders, with France-based Schneider Electric leading with a score of 88.86 out of 100. Newmont stands out as a leader in the natural resources and mining sector, achieving a score of 71.64 on the sustainability index. Many high-ranking companies are from sectors that do not produce a significant number of physical products, such as banking, technology, and consulting.

Newmont’s environmental targets for 2030 aim to reduce absolute greenhouse gas emissions in Scope 1 and 2 by 32%, decrease GHG emissions intensity in both Scope 1 and 2 by 32%, and lower absolute Scope 3 emissions, which cover joint venture assets and its supply chain, by 30%.

Alongside Newmont, the ranking features five other natural resources and mining companies within the Top 500. Ireland-based CRH is ranked 162nd, India-based Hindustan Zinc holds the 239th spot, France-based Imerys ranks 296th, and Germany-based Aurubis is positioned at 468th.

Other Companies Listed
While Newmont is the sole mining company listed in the Top 100, the ranking also includes companies that provide services and supplies to the mining industry. SGS holds sixth position, followed by Siemens at 11th, Stantec at 14th, WSP at 53rd, Accenture at 54th, Cisco at 57th, Microsoft at 64th, and Epiroc at 95th.

Some of the products and services offered by these companies to the mining sector directly contribute to reducing the environmental impact of mining operations. At Mexico Mining Forum 2023 ECHO, Joseph Starwood, Director of Industry Digital Strategy for Mining, Microsoft, highlighted how mining companies can utilize the Microsoft Azure platform to monitor equipment at mining sites through sensors. This approach optimizes maintenance practices and reduces emissions by improving fuel efficiency. "The idea of the digital sustainable mine of the future combines the physical mines we know today with new ESG-aligned business models and capabilities, enabled by an intelligent digital fabric,” Starwood said.

Abraham Tacho, Regional Business Leader Mexico, Stantec, has also noted the company’s approach to designing mining projects considering their impact on communities, often linked with water and waste matters. “Sustainability has become critical in recent years. Stantec’s specialized ESG groups and services extend beyond the mining industry to a wide range of clients in various sectors, which significantly enhances our value proposition. The quantity and quality of our experts contribute immensely to this value,” Tacho said in an interview with MBN.

Ganfeng Lithium Initiates Arbitration Against Mexico

By Paloma Duran | Journalist and Industry Analyst 
- Mon, 06/24/2024 - 
MEXICAN BUSINESS

China's Ganfeng Lithium, together with its subsidiaries Bacanora Lithium and Sonora Lithium, have initiated arbitration against the Mexican government following the cancellation of its mining concession for the Sonora Lithium project. This move, registered last Friday on the website of the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID), marks a significant escalation in the discussion.

The dispute stems from the approval of López Obrador's Mining Law in April 2022, which granted the State exclusive control of lithium exploration and production. Subsequently, President López Obrador cancelled the lithium concessions of the company, claiming that Ganfeng and its subsidiaries did not meet the required investment thresholds. "This decision was driven by both the nationalization of the lithium resources and the failure to meet investment, which led to the withdrawal of our concession," stated Alfonso Durazo Montaño, Governor, Sonora.

The Sonora Lithium project was originally scheduled to begin commercial production in 2023, officially making Mexico a lithium producer. However, political uncertainty has left the future of lithium exploration efforts in Mexico uncertain. While industry stakeholders have supported Ganfeng's position, arguing that the government's decision to revoke the concessions lacked a legal basis, the Ministry of Economy has not changed its stance.

Peter Secker, CEO, Bacanora, stressed that if the matter is not resolved through the courts or through the creation of a new partnership, the project could end up being sold. "No one is going to invest a billion dollars unless they have some kind of security. People will prefer, for these larger projects, to go to lower risk jurisdictions," Secker said.

According to a US Geological Survey's 2024 report, Mexico ranks ninth in lithium reserves with 1.7Mt. Despite Mexico’s lower lithium reserves, experts suggest that with the exploitation of economically viable deposits, Mexico could emerge as a major player in lithium production. However, the country faces two challenges. First, Mexico's lithium reserves are mainly in clay formations- Second, the government has limited the participation of private companies in lithium production.

In July 2023, CONAHCYT began developing a method to separate clay from lithium in Sonora, stating it was a technology previously only held by China, and that CONAHCYT had made 95% progress in this task.

Teck, Taku River Tlingit First Nation, BC partner on Tulsequah Chief mine remediation

 June 25, 2024 

River in Atlin, BC, near the Tulsequah mine. Stock image.

The province of British Columbia, Teck Resources (TSX: TECK:B) and the Taku River Tlingit First Nation (TRTFN) have agreed to jointly advance remediation of the former Tulsequah Chief mine site.

Five years after the Ministry of Energy and Mines first ordered a now-bankrupt junior mining company to clean up an acid rock drainage problem at the Tulsequah mine near Atlin, BC, the provincial government began taking the initial steps to remediate the defunct mine.

A report prepared for the ministry in 2020 estimated the capital cost of closing the mine and the reclamation work at C$48 million (about $36m). The cost of annual monitoring and maintenance is estimated at C$27 million ($20m)

The Tulsequah Chief mine site, located within TRTFN territory approximately 100 km southwest of Atlin, is a historic underground copper, lead and zinc mine, which was operated from 1951-57 by Cominco, a predecessor company to Teck, and is currently owned by Chieftain Metals Inc.

The leadership of the TRTFN has been saying since 2018 that the Tulsequah Chief mine needs remediation to prevent further degradation of the Tulsequah River.

Work at the mine was suspended since the Toronto-based Chieftain Metals filed for receivership in 2016, over C$27 million in debt.

“The Taku River Tlingit First Nation is committed to ensuring the Tulsequah Chief Mine is remediated and restored to natural conditions, according to Tlingit values and cultural principles of environmental stewardship,” Charmaine Thom, spokesperson for Taku River Tlingit First Nation, said in a news release.

“The co-operative partnership between the Government of British Columbia, Teck, and TRTFN reinforces the collective commitment to clean abandoned mines to an acceptable condition that meets the standard of both governments, this is an important step toward reconciliation,” Thom said.

Under this approach, Teck will voluntarily undertake and fund site investigation work in 2024-25. Teck will also lead implementation of the final closure plan. The 2024-25 work will include establishing safe site access, assessing underground mine conditions, monitoring water quality and flow, and evaluating waste rock disposal sites.

This work will inform the final Tulsequah Reclamation and Closure Plan, which is being co-developed by Teck and the TRTFN, guided by the TRTFN's vision for their future use of the restored site.

“We look forward to continue working co-operatively with the Province and Taku River Tlingit First Nation to advance remediation of the Tulsequah Chief Mine site,” Teck’s vice-president environment Scott Maloney said in the release.

“While Teck has not been the owner of Tulsequah for some time, we recognize the importance of all parties working together to progress remediation of this historic site, in support of reconciliation and sustainability, and as a reflection of the best practices of today’s modern, responsible mining sector in BC,” Maloney said.

The province said it will work with Teck and the TRTFN to enable the efficient implementation of this approach under B.C.'s regulatory framework. This work, the Ministry said, will help to protect the Tulsequah River, enable the land to be restored as quickly as possible for the TRTFN's beneficial use and ensure TRTFN rights and laws are incorporated into reclamation planning at Tulsequah.

“We are committed to ensuring the Tulsequah Chief Mine site is cleaned up in accordance with the province’s high environmental standards,” said Josie Osborne, Minister of Energy, Mines and Low Carbon Innovation.
LithiumBank Announces Largest Known Lithium-Brine Resources in North America and Highest Resource Grade in Alberta

NEWSFILE - NEWSFILE - MON JUN 24, 2024



Calgary, Alberta--(Newsfile Corp. - June 24, 2024)

 - LithiumBank Resources Corp. (TSXV: LBNK) (OTCQX: LBNKF) ("LithiumBank'' or the "Company") is pleased to announce the initial National Instrument 43-101 – Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101") lithium-brine mineral resource estimates of 10,078,000 tonnes of inferred Lithium Carbonate Equivalent ("LCE") at a grade of 79.4 mg/L lithium within the Leduc Formation ("Fm") aquifer, and 11,603,000 tonnes inferred LCE at 80.9 mg/L lithium within the Swan Hills Fm aquifer underlying its 100% owned Park Place lithium brine project ("Park Place") located in west-central Alberta. The initial mineral resource estimate assessments were prepared by global technology company SLB (NYSE: SLB) using 3D static modelling mining workflows. These assessments were then used to determine the resource estimates and reviewed and validated by a Qualified Person as defined by National Instrument 43-101 of Canada. The total inferred mineral resource for the Park Place project is 21,681,000 tonnes LCE between the two formations contained within the license boundaries with a combined average grade of 80.2 mg/L lithium. The Company anticipates filing a NI 43-101-compliant technical report in respect of Park Place on SEDAR+ within 45 days of this announcement.

"LithiumBank spent the past five-years consolidating Park Place brine hosted mineral licenses. This work has now culminated in 100% ownership of the largest LCE inferred mineral resource in North America and with the highest recorded lithium grade in Alberta. This is a remarkable achievement for the Company. The Park Place resource puts LithiumBank's collective lithium brine resources inventory for the Company's Alberta projects at 27.78 million tonnes LCE. This presents district scale potential opportunity for Canada to become a major supplier of lithium in North America," commented LithiumBank CEO, Rob Shewchuk. "The Company will now focus on additional brine sample assaying, completing lithium extraction test work, and initiate a Preliminary Economic Assessment ("PEA") for Park Place. We believe this can be expeditiously achieved as we can make use of our knowledge gained from our Boardwalk PEA, effectively dated February 22, 2024, located approximately 50 km to the north, in which the Leduc Formation brine is similar in chemistry, depth of resource, porosity and permeability. Park Place brine will be chemically and metallurgically evaluated at the Company's, exclusively licensed, 10,000 L/day Direct Lithium Extraction ("DLE") pilot plant in Calgary following a bulk brine sampling program in H2 2024."

Highlights:Park Place is the largest known NI 43-101 inferred lithium brine resource estimate in North America.
Highest known reported lithium-in-brine grades used in a NI 43-101 inferred lithium resource estimate in Alberta.
10,078,000 tonnes inferred LCE within the Leduc Fm aquifer at an average of 79.4 mg/L lithium.
11,603,000 tonnes inferred LCE within the Swan Hills Fm aquifer, which underlies the Leduc Formation, at an average of 80.9 mg/L lithium.
Multiple high porosity areas occur that have a combined Leduc & Swan Hills Fm thickness of over 350 metres, and as high as 510 m, to be studied for potential selection of future PEA.
Subsurface reservoir modelling conducted by SLB included data from 420 wells, 104 km2 of 3D seismic data and 262 km of two-dimensional ("2D") seismic data.
Technical work pertaining to mineral resources to be documented in the technical report was performed by SLB, and overseen by Qualified Persons from Matrix Solutions Inc.
The subsurface reservoir model constructed by SLB will assist in planning well networks and locations in future economic and engineering studies such as a PEA; and
Park Place bulk brine sample collection to occur in H2 2024 to be included in the 10,000 L/day continuous direct lithium extraction ("cDLE") pilot plant test work located in the Company's DLE facility in Calgary, Alberta.


Figure 1: Map of the Park Place project showing Area of Interest ("AOI") and lithium brine samples used in the Park Place NI 43-101 resource estimate along with surface infrastructure.

To view an enhanced version of this graphic, please visit:
https://images.newsfilecorp.com/files/10140/214147_ce6f8256f4b9fbb1_001full.jpg

The consolidated Park Place project consists of 1,404,558 acres of contiguous Brine Hosted Mineral Licenses ("BHML"). The project is situated between Edson, Fox Creek, and Hinton, approximately 180 km west of Edmonton, and is approximately 50 km to the south of the Company's Boardwalk lithium brine project ("Boardwalk"). This area has seen over 70 years of hydrocarbon extraction resulting in a well-established and well-trained labour force, networks of all-weather gravel roads, drill sites that can be easily accessed from Provincial highways, and electrical transmission lines that run through and adjacent to the project (see Figure 1).

Reservoir Evaluation

The reservoir evaluation was completed by SLB and overseen be Alex Haluszka, M.Sc., P.Geo. of Matrix Solutions Inc., a qualified person ("QP") under NI 43-101.

The Park Place NI 43-101 mineral resource estimate includes inferred mineral resources from both the Leduc and Swan Hills Formations of 21,681,000 tonnes LCE at a weighted average grade of 80.2 mg/L lithium (Table 1). Mineral resources are not mineral reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability.

The mineral resource estimate work was prepared within a portion of the Park Place Property (81%) that is defined as the area of interest ("AOI") and totals 1,140,115 acres (Figure 1). The Swan Hills Fm directly underlies the Leduc Fm and appear to be in hydraulic communication based on regionally available pressure data. While they may represent a regionally connected aquifer system, the two formations are evaluated separately due to an identifiable difference in lithology and porosity. The Swan Hills Fm is mapped to from 24 to 264 m in thickness within the claims area and the Leduc Fm immediately overlies the Swan Hills Fm, where present, with a maximum thickness of 366 m within the claims area. The maximum observed combined thickness where the two units overlap within the property is 511 m of highly porous reservoir rock occur that would potentially present ideal locations for consideration within a PEA (Figure 2).



Figure 2: A-A' Cross-section through Park Place (as shown in Figure 3) of the effective porosity model for Leduc Fm and Swan Hills Fm.

To view an enhanced version of this graphic, please visit:
https://images.newsfilecorp.com/files/10140/214147_ce6f8256f4b9fbb1_002full.jpg

Table 1: Park Place Lithium global in-situ Inferred Mineral Resource Estimations
Reporting parameters Leduc Fm Domain Swan Hills Fm Domain Combined Total
Total Volume (km3)1 501.2 660.5 1,161.7
Pore Volume (km3)2 25.1 28.4 53.5
Average Li Concentration (mg/L) 79.4 80.9 80.23
Average Effective Porosity (%) 5.0 4.3 4.64
Average brine pore space (%) 95 95 95
Total elemental Li resource (tonnes) 1,893,000 2,180,000 4,073,000
Total LCE (tonnes) 10,078,000 11,603,000 21,681,000


1. Total volume of rock and pore space
2. Total volume of effective porosity
3. Calculated using a weighted average (by pore volume) from the average grade of the Leduc and Swan Hills formations
4. Calculated using a weighted average porosity by total formation volume for both Leduc and Swan Hills formations

Note 1: Mineral resources are not mineral reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. There is no guarantee that all or any part of the mineral resource will ever be upgraded to a higher category. The estimate of mineral resources may be materially affected by geology, environment, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-political, marketing, or other relevant issues.
Note 2: The weights are reported in metric tonnes (1,000 kg or 2,204.6 lbs).
Note 3: Tonnage numbers are rounded to the nearest 1,000 unit.
Note 4: In a 'confined' aquifer (as reported herein), effective porosity is an appropriate parameter to use for the resource estimate.
Note 5: The resource estimation was completed and reported using a cut-off of 50 mg/L Li.
Note 6: To describe the resource in terms of industry standard, a conversion factor of 5.323 is used to convert elemental Li to Li2CO3, or Lithium Carbonate Equivalent (LCE).

The NI 43-101 mineral resource three-dimensional model utilized over 1,171 wells that have been drilled into the Devonian aged strata being evaluated. Of the 1,171 wells, 420 have good quality data to make stratigraphic picks within the AOI as shown in Figure 3. The dataset consisted of 196 wells intersecting the top of the Leduc Fm, 300 wells intersecting the top of the Swan Hills Fm, and 236 wells intersecting the bottom of the Swan Hills Fm.

SLB constructed 3D geological and porosity models in Petrel™ subsurface software by using existing well logs and a combination of 3D and 2D seismic data acquired throughout the AOI at Park Place. SLB conducted petrophysical analysis of 118 wells, processed and interpreted 3D and 2D seismic data to correlate between acoustic impedance and porosity. Porosity data was parameterized in a 3D grid by distributing the porosity evaluated from well logs using a variogram derived from 3D and 2D seismic impedance data. Log porosity was verified via direct petrophysical correlations to core porosity measurements. This demonstrated that the petrophysical log-based porosity correlates well with effective core porosity.


Figure 3: Tonnage map of the Park Place indicating A-A' cross-section from figure 2 and wells used for stratigraphic picks.

To view an enhanced version of this graphic, please visit:
https://images.newsfilecorp.com/files/10140/214147_ce6f8256f4b9fbb1_003full.jpg

Total in-place formation brine volume was obtained by multiplying the total rock volume of the Leduc and Swan Hills Fm within the AOI using the estimated porosity volume of the 3D grid.

An analysis of available oil and gas reserves information indicates an original hydrocarbon saturation of these reservoirs of approximately 5%. SLB models provided estimated volumes of each formation within the claims area by summing the effective porosity grid blocks overlapping the claims and assuming 95% of the pore space being brine saturated:The Leduc Fm, within the AOI, hosts 23.8 km3 of lithium-rich brine.
The Swan Hills Fm, within the AOI, hosts 26.9 km3 of lithium-rich brine.
Combined total of 50.8 km3 of brine within the AOI at Park Place.

North American Brine Resources



Figure 4: Comparison of LCE brine resources by select companies. With the addition of the Park Place inferred lithium resource, LithiumBank is now the largest known holder of inferred LCE brine resources by a company in North America.

To view an enhanced version of this graphic, please visit:
https://images.newsfilecorp.com/files/10140/214147_ce6f8256f4b9fbb1_004full.jpg

Inferred Mineral Resource Calculation Process

During 2022 and 2024, LithiumBank obtained permission from two oil and gas companies to collect Leduc and Swan Hills formations brine samples from 2 separate oil and gas wells for the purpose of analytical testing.Three brine samples were collected from a 72-metre-thick vertical interval at the top of the Leduc Fm from well 100/12-03-059-23W5/00 and returned grades ranging between 71.2 – 82.0 mg/L lithium with an overall average of 77.2 mg/L lithium (Figure 1).
Three brine samples were collected from a 2-metre-thick vertical interval at the top of the Swan Hills Fm in well 100/01-23-062-20W5/00 returning grades between 75.5 – 84.9 mg/L lithium with an overall average of 80.1 mg/L lithium.

Samples were analysed at AGAT Laboratories, an ISO 17025:2017 certified lab, in Calgary Alberta. LithiumBank implemented Quality Control and Quality Assurance (QA/QC) protocols for the analysis. Testing of brine samples from the 2 wells included duplicate samples, sample blanks, and laboratory-prepared sample standards. Samples were collected from the well head by BV Labs technicians (Leduc samples) and AGAT Lab technicians (Swan Hills samples) and couriered to AGAT Laboratories for analysis in Calgary.

The LithiumBank brine sampling and analytical programs showed the Leduc and Swan Hills Formation aquifers underlying the Park Place Property contain elevated concentrations of lithium and the sampling program validated the post-2010s minerals industry exploration Li-brine results, with the exception of the historical Li-brine data compiled by the Government of Alberta ("GoA"). Hence, a total of 40 LithiumBank-derived and historical brine samples were used to determine the grade for the inferred mineral resource estimations (7 brine analyses from the Leduc Fm and 33 brine analyses from the Swan Hills Fm). Furthermore, Roy Eccles, a QP under NI 43-101 was involved in the historical minerals industry Li-brine sample collection campaigns and can therefore validate the collection, chain-of-custody, and analytical procedures that were used to determine select historical lithium-brine values. The QP was not able to validate the GoA data for use in the resource modelling and estimation process.

The QP assessed both within-property and adjacent property Li-brine data using historical mineral industry- and LithiumBank-derived Li-brine values. In the QPs opinion average Li-brine concentrations of 79.4 mg/L Li and 80.9 mg/L Li should be used to estimate the Li-brine mineral resources for the Leduc and Swan Hills aquifers, respectively, underlying the Park Place property. Additional brine sampling and assay testing is required at Park Place to provide additional confidence to the distribution of lithium within the Leduc Fm and Swan Hills Fm aquifers.

Resource Estimate Calculation

The NI 43-101 mineral resource estimates were calculated as a global in-situ resource within the Leduc and underlying Swan Hills formations. The Park Place Li-brine resource estimate is classified as an inferred mineral resource in accordance with the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum definition standards and best practice guidelines (2014, 2019) and the disclosure rule NI 43-101 as adopted by the Canadian Securities Administrators.

Combined, the Leduc and Swan Hills Fm aquifers consist of a total of 1,161.7 cubic kilometres (Leduc Fm = 501.2 km3 and Swan Hills 660.5 km3). Within the aquifers, the Leduc Fm hosts 23.8 km3 of brine with a lithium concentration of 79.4 mg/L and the Swan Hills Fm hosts 26.9 km3 of brine with a lithium concentration of 80.9 mg/L. Total elemental lithium in the Leduc Fm is 1,893,000 tonnes and 2,180,000 million tonnes in the Swan Hills Fm. To determine the amount of elemental lithium the following formula was used:

RLi = A x T x P x C

With RLi = lithium resources of selected reservoir(kg), A = surface area (km2), T = thickness (m), P = effective porosity (expressed between 0 and 1), C = average concentration (mg/l).

Multiplying the elemental lithium by a factor of 5.323 determines the LCE quantities that are stated to be 9,643,000 tonnes inferred LCE in the Leduc Fm and 11,372,000 tonnes inferred LCE in the Swan Hills Fm. The combined inferred lithium-brine resource estimate of both the Leduc and Swan Hills Formations is 21,681,000 tonnes LCE with a weighted average lithium grade of 80.2 mg/L. Figure 3 illustrates the combined (Leduc and Swan Hills Fm) tonnage map of the AOI with hotter colours indicating areas of higher combined tonnage.

An evaluation of permeability of the reservoir was completed in addition to the reservoir pore volume. The QP for reservoir evaluation believes there is sufficient permeability and pressure within the reservoir that brine production wells can be completed to deliver brine to surface for consideration in future economic assessment scoping studies

Lithium Extraction Evaluation

The evaluation of the suitability of applying DLE as a mineral processing technology for Park Place has been overseen by Maurice Shevalier, P.Chem, of Matrix Solutions Inc., QP as defined in NI 43-101.

LithiumBank has yet to conduct mineral processing test work on brine from Park Place; however, brine characteristics of the Leduc Fm and the Swan Hills Fm at Park Place are similar enough to the brine at Boardwalk to safely assume the DLE technology used to extract lithium from the brine will be successful at Park Place. The Company is expected to conduct a bulk brine sampling program from both the Leduc and Swan Hills formations in H2 2024. Park Place will benefit from an existing, exclusive licensing agreement with G2L Greenview Resources Ltd. ("G2L") and piloting with their cDLE® Ion Exchange ("IX") technology. The G2L IX technology is unique in that it is designed to work at high flow rates while maintaining a very high recovery of lithium (98%) and achieving a high purity (70%) lithium eluate, as reported in the Boardwalk PEA dated effective February 22, 2024. The Boardwalk PEA demonstrates that lower cost and readily available reagents such as quick lime (CaO) and sulphuric acid (H2SO4) can produce a high purity lithium sulphate eluate and lowering the cost of downstream processing of an LHM.

The scientific and technical information relating to the Park Place mineral resources presented in this news release has been reviewed and approved by Mr. Alex Haluszka P. Geol. of Matrix Solutions Inc. Mr. Alex Haluszka is independent of LithiumBank and the Park Place property, and a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

The scientific and technical information relating to the Park Place mineral resources, related to the potential of lithium extraction, presented in this news release has been reviewed and approved by Mr. Maurice Shevalier, P.Chem, of Matrix Solutions Inc. Mr. Maurice Shevalier, P.Chem, is independent of LithiumBank and the Park Place property, and a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

The scientific and technical information relating to the brine sampling and lithium grade validation for the Park Place mineral resources presented in this news release has been reviewed and approved by Mr. Roy Eccles P. Geol. of APEX Geoscience Ltd. Mr. Eccles is independent of LithiumBank and the Park Place Property, and a Qualified Person as defined by NI 43-101.

Risks and Uncertainties

There is no guarantee that a company can successfully extract lithium from Alberta's Devonian petroleum system in a commercial capacity. Initial mineral processing bench-scale and/or demonstration pilot test work may not translate to a full-scale commercial operation.

LithiumBank has been dependent on petro-companies to access brine for chemical analysis. In the absence of not owning their own wells, LithiumBank must work with petro-companies to obtain small and bulk brine samples to build on its current data set. The Company is currently negotiating to selectively acquire existing wells within the AOI, similar to what the Company has done at Boardwalk (news release, May 16, 2024) to allow for additional brine sampling.

The information used to quantify the reservoir effective porosity was historical information collected through petroleum exploration in the study area. Therefore, there is an implicit bias in this dataset towards portions of the reservoir that are hydrocarbon saturated. Although the QP believes the reservoir properties are sufficiently representative of the bulk formation, this will need to be confirmed through continued exploration and data collection. The existing measurements come from a combination of secondary physical properties (geophysics) and core analysis that were upscaled to the bulk reservoir volume. The bulk reservoir properties have not yet been confirmed through targeted exploration drilling and pumping tests from the brine resource interval. Furthermore, DLE technologies have not been tested directly as an extraction technique for the Park Place brines. At the current time, DLE applicability has been inferred from testing activities completed at LithiumBank's other properties.

About LithiumBank Resources Corp.

LithiumBank Resources Corp. (TSXV: LBNK) (OTCQX: LBNKF), is a publicly traded lithium company that is focused on developing its two flagship projects, Boardwalk and Park Place, in Western Canada. The Company holds 2,130,470 acres of brown-field lithium brine licenses, across three (3) districts in Alberta and Saskatchewan. The Company has licensed a DLE technology from Go2Lithium.

About G2L Greenview Resources Inc. (Go2Lithium)

G2L Greenview Resources Inc is a 100% owned subsidiary of Go2Lithium Inc. Go2Lithium Inc. was formed in early 2023 as a 50/50 joint venture between Computational Geosciences Inc (CGI), a subsidiary of the Robert Friedland-chaired Ivanhoe Electric Inc. (NYSE: IE) and Clean TeQ Water (ASX: CNQ). Please see Clean TeQ's website (www.cleanteqwater.com) for additional information on their suite of water treatment and metal extraction technologies.
END SEA BED MINING
Japan finds over 200 million tonnes of battery metals in seabed

Cecilia Jamasmie | June 25, 2024 |

Nodules collector vehicle. Image courtesy of The Metals Company.)

Japanese researchers have found more than 200 million tonnes of manganese nodules rich in battery metals in the Pacific Ocean, within the country’s exclusive economic zone.


The team of experts from the University of Tokyo and the Nippon Foundation said the fist-sized nodules cover an extensive area of the seabed near Minamitorishima, a remote Tokyo Island.

These metals-rich rocks are located at depths of about 5,500 metres and are thought to be very similar to the polymetallic nodules found in the Clarion-Clipperton zone in the Pacific, as they hold cobalt, nickel and copper in addition to manganese.

The team estimates the deposit contains 610,000 tonnes of cobalt (equivalent to 75 years of Japan’s consumption) and 740,000 tonnes of nickel (11 years), according to the Japan Times.

The Nippon Foundation and other entities expect to start large-scale extraction of nodules next year, to be delivered to Japanese companies with the capability to process them. Starting in 2026, the non-profit plans to set up a joint venture with multiple Japanese companies to develop the minerals as locally sourced materials.

The University of Tokyo will contribute to the project from an academic standpoint by conducting detailed analysis of the material extracted from the seabed.
Polymetallic nodules collected by The Metals Company during a deep sea trial in the Pacific Ocean in November 2022. (Image: The Metals Company.)

The presence of manganese nodules in the area was first found during a survey in 2016, which involved a team from the university and other organizations.

A thorough sampling survey was carried out from late April to early June this year to calculate the deposit estimates.

BMO analyst Colin Hamilton said the depth at which the nodules are found makes mining them more complex than it sounds. “Extraction will not be simple, and we see this as a potential test case for the benefits versus disadvantages of deep sea mining of materials relating to the global fuel to materials transition,” he wrote in a brief on Tuesday.

Hamilton noted that several key metals consumers have already stated they will not buy deep-sea-sourced materials until further studies are conducted on the potential impact of these activities

Polymetallic nodules, also called manganese nodules, contain four essential battery metals: cobalt, nickel, copper and manganese, in a single ore. (Image courtesy of The Metals Company.)

Major global banks such Credit Suisse, Lloyds, NatWest, and Standard Chartered, Dutch bank ABN Amro, and Spanish group Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, have also make a point. They have all recently introduced policies that rule out funding deep-sea exploration and extraction.

Demand for nickel and cobalt is expected to surge in the coming decades. According to a White House paper, the demand for these metals is estimated to increase by 400% to 600% as battery-powered technology replaces oil and gas-powered systems.

The Metals Company (Nasdaq: TMC), one of the most advanced firms scooping up nodules from the seafloor, announced in early June that it had successfully produced the world’s first cobalt sulphate derived exclusively from seafloor polymetallic nodules.

The International Seabed Authority (ISA) is currently working on the world’s initial regulations for underwater mining, with plans to finalize the code by 2025. Despite the absence of formal rules, deep sea mining could technically start as soon as July, coinciding with the ISA’s upcoming meeting.

Norway to award Arctic blocks for seabed mining in 2025

By Reuters
June 26, 2024

A view shows active chimney venting at the Loki's Castle Vent Field on the Arctic Mid-Oceanic Ridge, and white microbial mats can be seen on the chimney at a depth of around 2,500m, in this undated handout picture. 
University of Bergen, Centre for Deep Sea Research/Handout via REUTERS /File Photo

OSLO, June 26 (Reuters) - Norway offered large areas of the Arctic region for its inaugural seabed mineral licensing round on Wednesday and aims to award exploration permits during the first half of 2025, the country's energy ministry said.
Norway may become the first country in the world to start commercial deepsea mining, hoping to extract minerals needed for solar panels, wind turbines and electric car batteries needed to replace fossil fuel energy.

"The world needs minerals for the green transition, and the government wants to explore if it is possible to extract seabed minerals in a sustainable manner from the Norwegian continental shelf," Energy Minister Terje Aasland said in a statement.
The government has previously said preliminary official resource estimates showed substantial accumulations of metals and minerals, ranging from copper to rare earth elements.

In January, the Norwegian parliament voted in favour of opening about 280,000 square kms (108,000 square miles) of ocean areas between Jan Mayen island and the Svalbard archipelago for seabed mineral exploration.
The 386 blocks proposed on Wednesday cover about 38% of the total area opened by parliament, and the selection was based on industry input, the energy ministry said.

Reuters Graphics
Seabed mining, however, has attracted criticism from environmentalists concerned at the prospect the pursuit of profit will disrupt one of the last parts of the natural environment that is relatively pristine and is little understood. They are challenging Norway's plans in court.

WWF, which filed the lawsuit in May, condemned the proposal on Wednesady, saying it was a significant blow to the country's reputation as responsible steward of the oceans.
Greenpeace, also on Wednesday, said the proposed blocks constituted a "shockingly large" area, given previous warnings from scientists regarding the potential impact on fragile ecosystems.
Seabed mineral exploration plans also face opposition from a number of countries, including France, that have called for a global moratorium to take more time to better understand the impact on deepsea organisms.

The Council of the European Union on Tuesday "noted, opens new tab with concern" Norway's seabed mining plans, emphasising the need for a thorough impact assessment.
The Norwegian government has said the initial exploration stage will have a minimal impact on seabed organisms and that companies will need separate consents before any production can start.

Oslo prepares first licensing round for seabed mining

The Norwegian government is ready to look thousands of meters into the abyss for precious mineral and metals, and now announces public consultations for a first licensing round.


Norway eyes extraction of seabed minerals in the North Atlantic. 
Photo: screenshot of video from the Norwegian Shelf Directorate

By Atle Staalesen
June 26, 2024
BARENTS OBSERVER 

Amid mounting domestic and international criticism, the Norwegian Ministry of Energy is starting preparations for a first licensing round on seabed minerals.

“The world needs minerals for the green transition, and the government wants to explore if it is possible to extract seabed minerals in a sustainable manner from the Norwegian continental shelf,” Energy Minister Terje Aslant says in a statement.

“Today, we are presenting our proposal for areas to be announced in the first licensing round for seabed minerals for public consultation. We plan to award licenses in the first half of 2025,” he explains.

The proposal includes large areas in the Norwegian Sea and the Greenland Sea.

Norway is among the first countries in the world to open up for commercial seabed mineral mining.

The controversial mining is supported by a solid majority in the Storting, the Norwegian parliament. But environmentalists and international experts warn about potential devastating consequences.

“I am not proud of being part of the ‘sea nation Norway’ today,” says Truls Gulowsen, leader of Friends of the Earth Norway.

“I believe researchers, environmentalists and the rest of the world looks strange at us,” he says in a comment on Facebook.

Also the Norwegian Sámi Parliament expresses opposition to the mining plans.

“For the Sámi and other Indigenous Peoples, the ocean is not just a resource, but a foundation of life, culture, and sustenance. The potential environmental degradation caused by deep sea mining could severely impact our food security, disrupt our traditional practices, and undermine our cultural heritage,” a statement from the Sami Council reads.

Also the EU is skeptical. Following Norway’s decision to greenlight seabed mining in early January 2024, the European Parliament voted in favour of a resolution against the plans.

With the resolution, the Parliament’s reaffirmed its support for a seabed mining moratorium and called on the EU Commission, Member States and all countries to apply a precautionary approach.

YUKON

New book on Father Mouchet to be launched Friday

“It” is the biography of Jean-Marie Mouchet, who realized the negative impact of colonialism on the Indigenous people in northern Canada in the 1940s.

It has taken 14 years of research, fact-checking, writing, editing, and designing, but it’s finally done. And it’s just in time for the Territorial Experimental Ski Training TEST reunion, which, next Saturday, will draw to Whitehorse former participants in the program between 1963 and 2013 from across Canada. 

“It” is the biography of Jean-Marie Mouchet, who realized the negative impact of colonialism on the Indigenous people in northern Canada in the 1940s.

Consequently, he designed a ski program to help youth reconnect to the land and provide them with a means to adapt to the social and cultural change that was on the horizon.

Local author John Firth will launch his book on Mouchet at 6:30 p.m. Friday on the tent grounds at Taylor House (the Commissioner’s Residence) on Main Street near the escarpment.

Mouchet’s Territorial Experimental Ski Training (TEST) program yielded multiple Olympians and made cross-country skiing the fastest-growing winter sport in Canada. It also placed both northern and Canadian skiers on the cross-country skiing world stage in addition to producing many First Nation leaders who led their people into the 21st century. 

Music at the launch will be provided by Roxx Hunter, while finger foods and non-alcoholic drinks will be made by Blue Feather Music Festival food guru Viola Papequash. The event is being organized by Gary Bailie.

Firth will be reading from and signing books, which will be available for sale on site. The mic will be available for others to speak of their time with Mouchet and the TEST program and how it influenced their lives. 

COMPRADOR NATIONS
Alaska Natives sue EPA over Pebble mine veto, Northern Dynasty says

Reuters | June 26, 2024 |

The Pebble project (Image courtesy of Northern Dynasty Minerals)

Northern Dynasty Minerals said on Wednesday two Alaska native village corporations had sued the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for its veto against the Canadian miner’s proposed Pebble mine in the state’s southwest region.


Iliamna Natives Limited and Alaska Peninsula Corporation, which represent the communities closest to the copper and gold mining project, sued the EPA for exceeding its authority related to the veto, Northern Dynasty said in a statement.

This lawsuit follows the one filed by the company in March against the EPA’s 2023 decision to prohibit the discharge of mining waste in Alaska’s Bristol Bay over concerns the materials would degrade the watershed and harm vital fishing ecosystems.

“Those who oppose Pebble have not provided any alternative that would improve the economy of this area. These two Native Village Corporations understand that the EPA and our opposition care little about their future,” said John Shively, CEO of the Pebble project.

The EPA, which claims the project would permanently destroy more than 2,000 acres of wetlands protected by the Clean Water Act, said it has no further information to provide as it is a pending litigation.

The proposed Pebble mine, which aims to tap one of the world’s largest copper and gold deposits, had gone thorough a lengthy approval and permitting process for decades, but its construction is yet to start.

(By Sourasis Bose; Editing by Shreya Biswas)

YUKON

Heap leach slide at minesite worries First Nation

 
June 25, 2024
The Yukon Star
 
AN UNPLANNED CLOSURE – A heap leach slide incident has shut down the Eagle Gold Mine. It’s located approximately 85 kilometres northeast of Mayo. 
(Photo courtesy Victoria Gold Corp.)

More details are emerging about the incident that has shut down Victoria Gold Corp.’s Eagle Gold Mine near Mayo, following what’s being described as a heap leach slide on Monday.

“This morning (Monday), the heap leach pad (“HLP”) at the Eagle Gold Mine in Yukon experienced a failure,” the company said Monday afternoon.

“Operations are temporarily suspended while the site operations team along with management continue to assess the situation and gather information.

“At this early stage, it can be confirmed that there has been some damage to infrastructure, and a portion of the failure has left containment. There have been no injuries to personnel associated with the incident. The company will provide further information as it becomes available.”

The Yukon Star has been unable to contact the company directly.

Victoria Gold shares were briefly removed from the Toronto Stock Exchange as the news was announced, but have resumed trading since.

Shares were selling at $1.10 Canadian this morning, down more than $6 from Monday, prior to the accident.

The First Nation of Na-Cho Nyäk Dun (FNNND) said it “is deeply concerned about reports that a significant heap leach failure caused a landslide at Victoria Gold Corp.’s Eagle Gold Mine.


“At this time, we are heartened that available information indicates that no personnel were harmed in this incident. We remain concerned, however, about the potentially significant and far-reaching environmental impacts, particularly to surrounding waters, fish, and wildlife.”

Early reports indicate the slide occurred near the mine heap leach facility and gold recovery plant, the First Nation noted.

“We are currently in contact with both Victoria Gold and Yukon Government, and the FNNND Lands and Resources Department has already been onsite to understand the cause of the slide and assess the extent and implications of the damage.

“This is a deeply serious incident, and we are monitoring it closely, with our staff on the ground and with our partners in public government,” said FNNND Chief Dawna Hope.

“Our first priority is to minimize the impacts on our lands, waters, and wildlife as well as on FNNND and any other affected First Nations. We will then seek to understand how and why this occurred.”

Kate White, the Yukon NDP Leader and MLA for Takhini-Kopper King, made the following statement today.

“Massive, potentially catastrophic failures like we saw yesterday at the Eagle mine are why the Yukon needs new and tougher mining legislation. The Yukon government has to do better at weighing the long-term risks that are put on Yukoners, and Yukon First Nations especially, when industry gambles on our ecological and economic future,” White said.

“We’ve seen time and again that Big Mining doesn’t pay for the clean up after a big fail. Yukoners and Canadian taxpayers do. Seven generations from now, it won’t matter how much gold came out of that mine. It’ll be infinitely more important that the land isn’t poisoned and that the Na-Cho Nyäk Dun and the people of Mayo have clean drinking water.”

Few details were available at publication deadline today, but a Department of Environment official told The Yukon Star Monday, “This morning, Victoria Gold Corp. reported a heap leach failure at Eagle Gold mine.

“The company has indicated no workers were harmed.

Mine operations have stopped while investigations are underway.

“Natural resource officers will be investigating.”


VICTORIA REPORTS LANDSLIDE ON EAGLE MINE’S
HEAP LEACH PAD

Source: Yukon News

Victoria Gold Corp. said it “experienced a failure” on the heap leach pad at the Eagle gold mine in Yukon. The company said operations have been suspended while the site operations team along with management continue to assess the situation and gather information. “At this early stage, it can be confirmed that there has been some damage to infrastructure and a portion of the failure has left containment,” the company said. “There have been no injuries to personnel associated with the incident.”

A photo published on the Yukon News website showed a significant landslide. Also, EOS, a landslide blog, posted before and after photos based on satellite imagery.

Last year, the Eagle mine stacked 9 million metric tons of ore on the leach pad, which generated nearly 167,000 oz of gold

UPDATE: Victoria Gold confirms heap leach pad failure and damage to mine infrastructure

Company says no one was injured in landslide. Some material from heap leach pad "left containment"
Jim Elliot
A landslide appears to have occurred on the site of Victoria Gold's Eagle Gold Mine north of Mayo. (Submitted)

A message posted to Victoria Gold's website and sent out via email has confirmed that there were no injuries associated with the failure and landslide at the mine's heap leach facility. 

The message also states that there has been some damage to mine infrastructure and that "a portion of the failure has left containment."

Heap leach mining involves the extraction of precious metals from ore using chemicals. 

"Operations are temporarily suspended while the site operations team along with management continue to assess the situation and gather information," the message reads. 

The company also pledged further information as it becomes available. 

Update 12:50 p.m: 

A representative of the Yukon government's Department of Energy, Mines and Resources has confirmed that Victoria Gold reported a heap leach failure at the Eagle Gold Mine this morning. Per the department spokesperson, the company has also reported that no workers were injured.

They added that mine operations have stopped as investigations by natural resource officers are underway.

Original Story: 

The News has received reports of a landslide at Victoria Gold Corp.’s Eagle Gold Mine north of Mayo. 

Submitted photos appear to show a large slide in the vicinity of the mine’s heap leach facility and gold recovery plant. 

Requests for information from the CEO of the mining company and the Yukon government Department of Energy, Mines and Resources have not been returned yet. 

This story will be updated with additional information as it becomes available.

Contact Jim Elliot at jim.elliot@yukon-news.com