Sunday, September 01, 2024

UK 


Labour wields anti-terror laws amid pro-Palestine activist arrests


Richard Bernard and Sarah Wilkinson, two prominent pro-Palestine activists

The arrest of prominent pro-Palestine activists and journalists under UK anti-terrorism laws has sparked an online outpouring of concern over alleged state censorship and thought-policing.

On August 29, police raided the home of a well-known pro-Palestine activist, Sarah Wilkinson, reportedly over allegations relating to her online posts discussing the October 7 attack on Israel.

A family member, Jack Wilkinson, explained on X what happened the day she was arrested.

“The police came to her house just before 7.30am. 12 of them in total, some of them in plain clothes from the counter terrorism police. They said she was under arrest for ‘content that she has posted online.’ Her house is being raided & they have seized all her electronic devices.”

Wilkinson, 61, has been highly active in the UK’s pro-Palestine activism scene for many years.

After visiting Palestine some years ago, she dedicated her life to activism and highlighting Israel’s crimes against the Palestinians.

She has reported from the Freedom Flotilla Coalition, an international initiative that collected and is attempting to deliver hundreds of tons humanitarian aid directly to Palestinians.

Wilkinson’s arrest caused an outcry across social media, and the hashtag #FreeSarahWilkinsonNOW was picked up across the platform.

Journalist Jonathan Cook said on X: “We now face the terrifying, Orwellian reality that a genocide-complicit PM can repurpose Britain’s ‘counter-terrorism’ laws to jail anyone who opposes Starmer’s complicity in Israel’s genocide, charging them with ‘support’ for terror.”

Also, world-famous musician and Pink Floyd co-founder, Roger Waters, slammed her arrest, saying: “So 12 cops come around to the house and arrest you… for standing up for human rights, campaigning against genocide.”

In a video posted on X, Waters added: “If you allow this to stand, the arrest of Sarah Wilkinson, then you have accepted that Britain is now a fascist state. 1984 has arrived and it is alive and well in the United Kingdom.. Over my dead body.”

Media platform MENA Uncensored, which Wilkinson has worked for as a contributor, has since reported that Wilkinson had been released on bail and “is back to the comfort of her home.”

The UK police have not released any official statements on her arrest and detention.

Palestine Action targeted

On the same day, a co-founder of direct action group Palestine Action, Richard Barnard, was charged with three offences for comments made in two speeches.

He is accused of supporting a proscribed organisation under the Terrorism Act (2000), and encouraging “criminal activity.”


Credit: Palestine Action









Barnard is to appear at Westminster Magistrates Court on September 18 for a plea hearing.

The announcement was made via Palestine Action’s X account.

“BREAKING: After a targeted campaign by the Zionist lobby, Palestine Action’s co-founder Richard Barnard is facing three charges for two speeches. He is accused of supporting a proscribed organisation under the Terrorism Act and encouraging ‘criminal activity’.”

Palestine Action is a direct action protest group which has been behind countless “occupations” of companies which are allegedly linked to the Israeli arms trade.

Elbit Systems, a drone manufacturer, has been a regular target for the group.

Palestine Action activists film themselves climbing on company buildings and causing damage to the property and equipment it produces. The damage caused in these protests can sometimes reach millions of pounds.

On August 21, five Palestine Action activists were jailed for at least a year each for taking part in a direct action protest.

The activists had occupied a weapons factory in Glasgow belonging to French arms firm Thales.

The company has a contract with Elbit Systems, which produces 85 per cent of drones used by the Israel Defence Forces.

In June 2022, the activists occupied the roof and unfurled banners to disrupt production. Two of them also damaged weaponry inside the building.

Journalist also arrested 

The arrests of Wilkinson and Barnard are not the only arrests of their kind related to comments about Gaza and October 7.

Richard Medhurst. Credit X | @richimedhurst

On August 15, a Syrian-British journalist Richard Medhurst was arrested by UK police under the provisions of Section 12 of the Terrorism Act of 2000.

Police seized Medhurst at London’s Heathrow Airport as he exited from his airplane.

He was detained and questioned over a 24 hour period. All his electronic devices and journalistic equipment were confiscated.

Medhurst, who became renowned for his staunch support of Julian Assange as well as Syria’s Bashar al-Assad, is also a well known anti-Israel commentator on social media.

The UK’s Terrorism Act 2000 defines terrorism, both in and outside of the UK. Groups which fall within these definitions become proscribed on the UK’s terrorism list.

Expressing public support or being a member of any proscribed group is also a crime. Both Hamas and Lebanon’s Hezbollah group are on the UK’s terrorism list.

It is important to note that in order to be convicted of a terrorism offence a person doesn’t actually have to commit what could be considered a terrorist attack.

Planning, assisting and even collecting information on how to commit terrorist acts are all crimes under British terrorism legislation.

UK Labour Party Purges Have Mutated Into the Arrest of Palestine Supporters

Britain's authoritarian new prime minister is expanding the scope of already draconian laws to redefine his critics as 'supporters' of terrorism

 Posted on

The arrest yesterday of Palestine solidarity activist Sarah Wilkinson, following the arrest of journalist Richard Medhurst last week – both based on an improbable claim they have violated Section 12 of the Terrorism Act – is definitive proof that Keir Starmer’s authoritarian purges of the Labour left are being rolled out against critics on a nationwide basis.

Now safely ensconced in No 10, Starmer can crush the basic rights of British citizens with as much relish as he earlier pummeled the remnants of democracy inside the Labour party – and for much the same reason.

The British prime minister is determined to terrorize into silence critics highlighting his, and now his government’s, complicity with Israel and its genocide in Gaza.

Starmer would rather dramatically expand the scope of already draconian “counter-terrorism” laws than act against the wishes of the United States, either by stopping arms sales to a fascist Israeli government led by Benjamin Netanyahu or by joining South Africa’s case against Israel at the International Court of Justice.

There, judges have already ruled that the slaughter of tens of thousands of Palestinians over the past 11 months is a “plausible genocide”. The next step is for South Africa and the many states backing it to persuade the World Court that the genocide is proven beyond doubt.

The usual Israel lobby ghouls, such as David Collier, have been salivating over Wilkinson’s arrest. She faces up to 14 years in jail for supposedly “supporting” a proscribed organization – namely, Hamas.

According to reports, she was told she was being arrested over “content that she has posted online”. Police seized all her electronic devices. According to her daughter, she has been released on bail on condition she “never” uses those devices.

Let’s be clear: the police are using the Terrorism Act in this way only because they have received political direction to do so. Wilkinson’s arrest is only possible because the police and Starmer, supposedly a human rights lawyer, are rewriting the meaning of the term “support for terrorism”.

This is political repression in its clearest form.

Traditionally, making it a crime to “support” a terror group was about giving the authorities the power to punish anyone who offered material assistance, such as sending money or weapons, hiding armed fighters, providing information useful in an attack, and so on.

Even standard criminal laws against speech usually require evidence that someone has credibly incited direct violence or put other people’s lives in danger, such as the charges against those involved in recent far-right riots that included attempted pogroms against Muslims and immigrants.

That is entirely different from criminalizing as “support for terror” any positive assertion about something done by a proscribed organization – all the more so if we remember that Hamas has not just a military wing, but also a political section and a welfare arm.

The need for careful distinctions should be obvious. Would praising Hamas leaders, even its military leaders, for agreeing to sit down in peace talks amount to “support” for a terror organization? Should it lead to arrest and jail time?

It was never a crime to “support” Sinn Fein – the political wing of the IRA – in the sense of having complimentary things to say about its long-time leader, Gerry Adams, or backing its political positions.

It wasn’t even illegal to “support” actual IRA “terrorists”. Back in the early 1980s, many people criticized the Ulster authorities and the British government of Margaret Thatcher for their barbaric treatment of IRA prisoners. It was not an arrestable offense, for example, to “support” the hunger strike of the IRA’s Bobby Sands that led to his death in the Maze prison.

The Jewish News sets out the apparent grounds for the raid on Wilkinson’s home by a dozen or so police officers, and the decision to arrest and investigate her on terrorism charges. Those reasons, if they are right, should send a terrifying chill down all our spines. That doubtless was Starmer’s intent.

1. According to the Jewish News, Wilkinson violated Section 12 by describing Hamas’ airborne assault into Israel on October 7 as an “incredible infiltration”. Which it clearly was. By any measure, it was an infiltration. And my dictionary gives as one of the main definitions of “incredible”: “difficult to believe”, or “extraordinary” in the sense of “very far from ordinary”.

Seeing Hamas use hang-gliders to get past one of the most sophisticated military structures ever built to imprison millions of people is the very definition of “incredible”. It was indeed hard to believe Hamas managed technically to do what it did that day.

Even were the police to ignore this established meaning of the word and instead assume that “great” or “wonderful” was intended – as a description of Hamas breaking out from the cage in which the people of Gaza had been imprisoned for decades and deprived of the essentials of life for 17 years – that would hardly constitute a crime, let alone “support” for terrorism.

As is well-established in international law, occupied people such as the Palestinians have a right to resist an army that occupies their territory, including through the use of violence. Just ask Starmer about that right in relation to the people of Ukraine.

Further, as even the Jewish News has to quietly concede, Wilkinson wrote her tweet on October 7 – that is, the very day Hamas’ attack happened. She could have had no idea at the time of writing that civilians were being killed in large numbers.

(The extent of Hamas’ atrocities against civilians on October 7 is far more disputed than the western media cares to admit. It quickly became clear Hamas did not, as claimed, kill babies, let alone behead them. No substantive evidence has been produced so far to show there were rapes that day, let alone the use of rape as a systematic policy, as Israel and its supporters allege. Some Israeli civilians, we now know, were killed by Israel’s own security forces when the so-called Hannibal protocol was invoked. And other Israeli civilians may have been targeted by some of the armed groups and individuals not allied to Hamas that poured out of Gaza through breaches created in the electronic fence around the enclave.)

But even if we assume both that Wilkinson knew civilians had been killed that day, and in large numbers, and that her use of “incredible” was meant to signal her approval of the killings, it should still not constitute a crime to note the extraordinary military feat of breaking out of Gaza.

No one should be locked up for being impressed by violence. If we wanted to make that some sort of principle, we would have to go around arresting large numbers of Zionist Jews and non-Jews in Britain who have been keen to voice their enthusiasm for Israel’s months of slaughter in Gaza.

2. The Jewish News also cites Wilkinson’s praise for Ismail Haniyeh, head of Hamas’ political bureau, shortly after he was assassinated by Israel in Tehran. She referred to him as a “hero”.

As context, let us note that, before his murder, Haniyeh was widely viewed as a moderate, even in Hamas’ political wing. Living in exile from Gaza, he appears to have had no foreknowledge of the October 7 attack. He was also one of the main players in efforts to end the bloodletting in Gaza and bring about a ceasefire through negotiations with Israel.

Killing Haniyeh was intended by Netanyahu to bolster the hardliners in Hamas’ military and political wings. By sabotaging hopes of a ceasefire, Israel’s government has been able to continue its genocide.

It is no more unreasonable to view Haniyeh as a “hero” for conducting a political struggle to free the people of Gaza from what the World Court has decried as an illegal occupation and a system of brutal Israeli apartheid than it was to view Sinn Fein’s Gerry Adams as a hero for his political struggle to free Northern Ireland’s Catholic community from the oppressive rule of Britain and Ulster loyalists.

You may disagree with Haniyeh or Adams’ politics. You may denounce anyone who supports their positions. But you should most certainly not be in a position to lock such supporters away – not if we want to continue believing we live in a free society.

Adams spent many years as an elected member of the British parliament, though he refused to take up his seat in Westminster in protest. No one ever seriously suggested that those who supported him – either by calling him a hero or by voting for him in elections – should be arrested and jailed. Anyone who had done so would rightly have been called out as monstrously authoritarian and deeply anti-democratic.

3. Finally, the Jewish News suggests that Wilkinson made historic online posts – some eight years ago – amounting to Holocaust denial. Wilkinson apparently disputes this and has argued that the allegations were a smear campaign.

Even if we assume the worst – that Wilkinson did actually cast doubt on the Holocaust, rather than being smeared as having done so – that should not be a matter for the “terrorism” police. Having irrational, unfounded, or immoral views are not the equivalent of “support” for terrorism. Not even close.

Let us remember too that, if Britain’s terrorism laws are going to be enforced so expansively, the first person who should be arrested for “supporting” terrorism is Starmer himself. Months ago he insisted numerous times that Israel had a right to block food, water and power to 2.3 million people in Gaza, a policy Israel has indeed pursued and has resulted in a man-made famine that is starving Palestinians to death. The International Criminal Court’s prosecutor is seeking Netanyahu’s arrest for that starvation policy because it is a crime against humanity.

Starmer, the human rights lawyer, knew that the starvation of Gaza was terrorism – or collective punishment, as it is known in international law. And yet he gave that very act of terror his full-throated backing. And his words had much more power to influence events than Wilkinson’s could ever have.

As opposition leader, he was in a position to add tangible pressure on Israel to stop its starvation policy by pointing out it amounted to state terror. As prime minister, he is in a position to advance the arrest of Israeli leaders for their terrorist acts under the principle of universal jurisdiction. He can stop arming the genocide too.

If we had a functioning system of international law, Starmer would undoubtedly be at serious risk of ending up in the dock of The Hague, accused of complicity in war crimes.

We now face the terrifying, Orwellian reality that a genocide-complicit prime minister can repurpose Britain’s “counter-terrorism” laws to jail anyone who opposes Israel’s genocide and Starmer’s complicity in it, charging them with “support” for terror.

Starmer wants to be judge, jury and executioner. We must not let him get away with it.

Jonathan Cook is the author of three books on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and a winner of the Martha Gellhorn Special Prize for Journalism. His website and blog can be found at www.jonathan-cook.net. This originally appeared in the Jonathan Cook’s Substack.

UK
Disabled activists to deliver a book for every MP on austerity's impact on their community



DAMNING evidence of deaths and suffering, linked to austerity, among disabled people will be delivered to every MP in the House of Commons today.

Relatives of disabled people who died will join activists delivering 650 copies of a new book, How a Violent Government Bureaucracy Killed Hundreds and Hid the Evidence. The title holds the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) responsible for implementing Tory government measures against people with disabilities.

Highlighted measures include Work Capability Assessments, which reclassified sick and disabled people as “fit for work,” depriving them of benefits if they were unable to comply.

The book has been written by John Pring, editor of the Disability News Service, and is published by Pluto Press.

It alleges that the DWP’s actions have led to the deaths of hundreds, if not thousands, of disabled people since 2010.
It includes the personal stories of many victims, including people who took their own lives.

Activists will gather outside the DWP’s headquarters, Caxton House in Westminster, at 11.15 am. Dressed in black, they will then deliver the book to MPs. Attendees will include Coronation Street actor-activist Cherylee Houston and former Eastenders actor Lisa Hammond.

Pluto Press managing director Versuchka Selbach said: “It is an exceptional work of investigative journalism that is both heart-breaking and shocking. These stories can’t be ignored any longer.”

The book is based on evidence gathered by the author including documents from the National Archives, coroners’ reports, government documents and testimonies from disabled people and relatives of those who died.

John McArdle, co-founder of the disability rights Black Triangle Campaign, said: “The department provides a casebook of how not to run a social security system. The current disability benefit assessment system is making people even sicker.”

He called on the Labour government “to sit down with us to co-produce a safe and efficient disability benefit system that provides a genuine safety net to those who need it.”

Ellen Clifford of the UK Deaf and Disabled People’s Organisations’ Coalition said: “Across the UK, there is growing concern about the impact of yet more cuts. It is apparent that lessons from the past are being deliberately ignored.”

The DWP was invited to comment.

MORNING STAR
Monday, September 2, 2024

UK
Jail profiteers responsible for Grenfell, bereaved say ahead of final report



A member of the public at the memorial at the base of Grenfell Tower in London, June 14, 2024, in remembrance of those who died in the Grenfell Tower fire on June 14 2017


MORNING STAR
Monday, September 2, 2024


JAIL the profiteers responsible for Grenfell Tower, bereaved survivors said ahead of the final report into deadly blaze seven years ago.

The long-running inquiry will publish its findings on how the west London tower block came to be in a condition which allowed the flames to quickly claim the lives of 72 people on Wednesday.

Inquiry chairman Sir Martin Moore-Bick is set to expose any failings by corporate firms in the construction industry, the local authority, London Fire Brigade and the government.

But the bereaved and survivors face an “unbearable” wait which could stretch to a decade before any criminal charges are brought.

The Met Police says it needs until the end of 2025 to finalise its mammoth investigation into the fire, with a further year for prosecutors to haul culprits into court.

Sandra Ruiz, whose 12-year-old niece Jessica Urbano Ramirez died in the fire, said: “For me, there’s no justice without people going behind bars.

“People who have made decisions putting profit above people’s safety need to be behind bars.

“Our lives were shattered on that night, people need to be held accountable.

“They know what part they played. The inquiry knows what part they played. And the police know what part they played. Now they just need to take some action about it.

“Let’s not drag this out another seven years.”

Ms Ruiz added the final report must be a “landmark report” which prompts “cultural, institutional and legislative change,” as “we’ve seen all too often” how people have “completely sidestepped their areas of responsibility.

“Those ethics have gone by the wayside in favour of profits, and this is what we see as a result.”

Former tower resident and Grenfell United member Edward Daffarn said he hopes it will “highlight the institutionalised indifference that saw private companies put profit before people.”

The safety campaigner, who famously predicted the fire in a blog post just months before it happened, hoped those like him who were painted as “rebel residents” for challenging the relevant local authorities will be vindicated in the report.

He also hoped it will “fully expose” the actions of the government and private companies and that “the buck-passing that took place during the public inquiry, where none of the corporate core participants took any responsibility for their actions, is going to come to an end.”



Speed up cladding remediation deputy PM tells regulators



Today's Conveyancer
September 2, 2024

An industry roundtable convened following the major fire at flats in Dagenham has been told regulators and partners must speed up the remediation of unsafe buildings.

Deputy Prime Minster Angela Rayner and Building Safety Minister Rushanara Ali attended the roundtable, which also hosted West Midlands Mayor Richard Parker, Deputy Mayor of Greater Manchester Paul Dennett and Deputy Mayor of London Jules Pipe, along with key representatives from the London Fire Brigade, the National Fire Chiefs Council, the Local Government Association, the Building Safety Regulator, and other key partners.

Ms Rayner praised the bravery of the firefighters but took others to task on the lack of progress on unsafe properties, brought to light in the wake of the Grenfell Tower disaster and demonstrated at the Spectrum Building in Dagenham last week.

“Speeding up the remediation of buildings is absolutely critical. Seven years on from Grenfell, action has been far too slow and the fire in Dagenham is a horrific reminder of the risk unsafe cladding still poses to far too many people.”

“This government will expect more from regulators and partners to make sure action is being taken now to make homes safe, speed up remediation and ensure that buildings in the process of being remediated are managed safely for residents.”

Said Ms Rayner. Building Safety Minister Rushanara Ali added

“I would like to thank the emergency services, council and wider community for all they have done following the fire in Dagenham. It is absolutely essential that central and local government, regulators, and partners come together, as we have today, to drive fast and effective change to get buildings fixed, made safe and make sure residents are protected.”
UK
Minister responds to 'nationalise Ticketmaster' calls after Oasis ticket chaos

The Manchester Central MP revealed that she managed to get hold of tickets for the long-awaited Oasis reunion tour


By
Joseph Timan
Politics writer
1 SEP 2024
Manchester Central MP Lucy Powell (Image: Sky News)

A government minister has responded to calls to 'nationalise Ticketmaster' after fans faced excruciatingly long waits and extortionate prices for Oasis tickets.

Tickets for the Manchester band's first gigs in the UK and Ireland in 16 years went on sale on Saturday morning (August 31). The reunion tour will see Noel and Liam Gallagher back together at Heaton Park next summer as well as in Cardiff, London, Edinburgh and Dublin.

But many desperate fans have complained after waiting in long queues for hours only to find ticket websites 'crashing' and prices for 'in demand' tickets rising by hundreds of pounds. Yesterday, a spokesperson for Ticketmaster denied claims that its website crashed.

Coventry South MP Zara Sultana, who was among those trying to buy Oasis tickets, posted about her experience on X. In a post on the social media platform formerly known as Twitter, she wrote: "Three hour wait for Oasis tickets and @TicketmasterUK crashes."

The Labour MP, who is currently facing a six-month suspension from the party, then posted: "Nationalise Ticketmaster."

Manchester Central MP, who is the House of Commons Leader, was asked about her colleague's suggestion on Sky News this morning (September 1). Presenter Trevor Phillips asked the Labour MP if she agrees that the major ticket platform should be nationalised.

She said: "I don't think we need to nationalise Ticketmaster. Thankfully, after hours of waiting like many, many other people in the queue, I was able to get a couple of Oasis tickets but it's a bit more than I was hoping to pay for them."

 

'Incredibly depressing': Culture Secretary slams Oasis tickets fiasco as she vows Government resales review

1 September 2024, 22:44

Culture Secretary Lisa Nandy has slammed the handling of Oasis reunion ticket sales - as she promised a Government review of resale markets.
Culture Secretary Lisa Nandy has slammed the handling of Oasis reunion ticket sales - as she promised a Government review of resale markets. Picture: Alamy/Oasis

By Chay Quinn

Culture Secretary Lisa Nandy has slammed the handling of Oasis reunion ticket sales - as she promised a Government review of resale markets.

Before the furore from Oasis fans over standard tickets more than doubling from £148 to £355 on Ticketmaster, the Government had pledged to "bring in protections to stop people being ripped off by touts".

On Sunday, Ms Nandy released a statement saying: "After the incredible news of Oasis' return, it's depressing to see vastly inflated prices excluding ordinary fans from having a chance of enjoying their favourite band live.

Read More: Viagogo defends listing Oasis tickets for inflated prices - despite warning from band over reselling

Read More: Keir Starmer removes 'unsettling' portrait of Margaret Thatcher from Downing Street, sparking claims of 'pettiness'

"This Government is committed to putting fans back at the heart of music. So we will include issues around the transparency and use of dynamic pricing, including the technology around queuing systems which incentivise it, in our forthcoming consultation on consumer protections for ticket resales.

"Working with artists, industry and fans we can create a fairer system that ends the scourge of touts, rip-off resales and ensures tickets at fair prices."

The Ticketmaster UK site shows over 260,000 people waiting in the online queue as Oasis reunion tour tickets go on sale. The Manchester rock band, led by Noel and Liam Gallagher, returned after 15 years.
Before the furore from Oasis fans over standard tickets more than doubling from £148 to £355 on Ticketmaster, the Government had pledged to "bring in protections to stop people being ripped off by touts". Picture: Alamy

Government minister Lucy Powell was among those hit by dynamic pricing on Saturday, and eventually forked out more than double the original quoted cost of a ticket for an Oasis show.

Fans called the "in-demand" pricing both "sickening" and "scandalous".

Ticketmaster said it does not set prices, and its website says this is down to the "event organiser" who "has priced these tickets according to their market value".

London, UK. 30th July, 2024. Lisa Nandy, Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, at Downing Street for the final Cabinet meeting before the summer recess. Credit: Karl Black/Alamy Live News
On Sunday, Ms Nandy released a statement saying: "After the incredible news of Oasis' return, it's depressing to see vastly inflated prices excluding ordinary fans from having a chance of enjoying their favourite band live. Picture: Alamy

Lots of fans also missed out on the reunion tour tickets as they battled with website issues, and being mislabelled as bots, before Oasis announced all 17 shows had sold out.

However, Ticketmaster maintained its website had not crashed, and directed customers to clear cookies and to only use one tab.

House of Commons leader and Lord President of the Council Ms Powell said she ended up buying two tickets for £350 each for Heaton Park in July, which were originally quoted at £148.50, not including a booking fee of £2.75.

The Manchester Central MP told BBC Radio 5 Live: "Eventually (I) got through and bought a couple of tickets for more than I was expecting to pay."

London, UK. 30th July, 2024. Lucy Powell, Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons Arrives at cabinet Office for cabinet meeting 70 Whitehall Credit: Richard Lincoln/Alamy Live News
Government minister Lucy Powell was among those hit by dynamic pricing on Saturday, and eventually forked out more than double the original quoted cost of a ticket for an Oasis show. Picture: Alamy

Ms Powell said she does not "particularly like" surge pricing, before adding: "It is the market and how it operates."

"You've absolutely got to be transparent about that so that when people arrive after hours of waiting, they understand that the ticket is going to cost more," she said.

It is believed the ticket prices for Oasis gigs were set by promoters.

The band's promoters, Manchester-based SJM Concerts, Irish MCD and Scottish DF Concerts & Events have all been approached for comment.

Brothers Noel and Liam Gallagher confirmed their reunion on Tuesday following the end of their more than a decade long acrimonious split.

Waterloo, London. 28 August  2024. A digital board at Waterloo station with the brothers Liam and Noel  Gallagher , as the Manchester band Oasis
Brothers Noel and Liam Gallagher confirmed their reunion on Tuesday following the end of their more than a decade long acrimonious split. Picture: Alamy

There has also been concern about the non-official sellers Viagogo, which on Sunday had a seat at Wembley on July 25 listed at £5,289.

The secondary seller has defended the practice saying fans sell the tickets, and its global managing director added: "Resale is legal in the UK and fans are always protected by our guarantee that they will receive their tickets in time for the event or their money back."

Oasis has told followers that Ticketmaster and Twickets should only be used for resales, and put up for prices at "face value", otherwise they will be "cancelled by the promoters".

Oasis have also been contacted for comment.

BBC
Meanwhile, the Daily Star takes aim at Oasis, labelling tickets for the band's reunion tour "a rip off at £488". "From working-class heroes to zeroes," the paper says of frontmen and brothers Liam and Noel Gallagher, after prices surged while fans queued for tickets online.

UK
Support for an elected head of state up by a quarter since Charles became king


1/9/2024 TSE 



An increase of support for an elected head of state from 20% to 25% is an increase of 25% (5/20 = 25%). My use of statistics is unimpeachable.

TSE












Viking-age urn in Galloway Hoard originated in Iran, researchers discover

The vessel was found as part of the hoard uncovered in Kirkcudbrightshire a decade ago.


PA Media
The Galloway Hoard vessel is estimated to be around 1,100 years old
 (National Museums Scotland/PA)


Research has revealed the origins of a “remarkable” lidded urn that is more than 1,000 years old.

The Galloway Hoard is a collection of ancient treasures which was discovered 10 years ago.

The lidded vessel, which contained a number of items, has been found to be of west Asian origin.

The urn was found in 2014 wrapped in textiles, which themselves were considered an extremely rare survival.

The hoard is estimated to have been created around 900AD, and was discovered by excavators near Balmaghie in the historical county of Kirkcudbrightshire.

The textiles were studied and retained for further analysis, and laser cleaning has helped reveal further details of the vessel including crowns, fire altars, leopards and tigers.

The imagery is considered unusual in western Europe, with researchers stating it is associated with Zoroastrianism, the state religion of the Sasnian Empire in Iran, before Islam became the more widely practised faith during the 7th and 8th centuries.

New scientific analysis has confirmed the materials used to make the vessel originated in what is now central Iran.

Dr Martin Goldberg, from National Museums Scotland, said: “We had suspected from X-ray scanning the vessel that it may have originated somewhere in central or western Asia, but it’s only now that we’ve carefully conserved and analysed it that we can say this is definitively the case.

“It’s further evidence of the cosmopolitan make-up of the Galloway Hoard. We now know that the Viking-age silver that makes up most of the hoard was melted down from coins and metalwork from early medieval England.

“Some objects, like the lidded vessel, stood out from the rest and the scientific analysis now confirms this.

“It is incredible to imagine how the vessel made its journey halfway round the known world, from Iran to this distant corner of south-west Scotland.”

Dr Jane Kershaw, an expert on Viking-age silver from the University of Oxford, added: “Taking tiny samples from both the vessel body and the niello – the black silver-sulphide inlays that outline the decoration – we assessed the provenance of the silver.

“It was immediately clear that the vessel was unlike any other silver contained in the hoard: instead, the results point to origins in the Sasanian Empire, what is today Iran.

“Elemental analysis using portable X-ray fluorescence revealed that the vessel is an alloy of silver and relatively pure copper, which is typical of Sasanian silver, but not contemporary European silver.

“In addition, the isotopes of the lead contained within the silver metal and niello match ore from Iran. We can even go so far as to say that the niello derives from the famous mine of Nakhlak in central Iran.

“It’s fantastic to have scientific confirmation for the distant origins of this remarkable object.”

The vessel will go on display for the first time later this month as part of the British Museum’s forthcoming exhibition, Silk Roads, in London.

Other objects from the Galloway Hoard will go on long-term display at the National Museum of Scotland, in Edinburgh, while a portion will go on show at Kirkcudbright Galleries.

Dr Sue Brunning, from the British Museum, said: “We’re delighted that visitors to Silk Roads will be the first in the world to see this key object from the Galloway Hoard.

“Among its remarkable contents were Scotland’s earliest recorded silk, and so it is a highly appropriate inclusion in the exhibition.

“For the first time it will be displayed alongside a similar vessel found in northern Britain and also used as a Viking-age treasure container, but the Galloway vessel is the only one confirmed as originating beyond Europe, in lands far to the east.

“It was, itself, a long-distance traveller on the Silk Roads’ sprawling networks.”
Bird species extinct in Europe returns, and humans must help it migrate

September 01, 2024
This photo provide by Waldrappteam Conservation & Research shows the migration from Northern Bald Ibis, or the Waldrapp, supported by foster parents of the birds in a microlight aircraft, in September 2022.


PATERZELL, Germany —

How do you teach a bird how, and where, to fly?

The distinctive northern bald ibis, hunted essentially to extinction by the 17th century, was revived by breeding and rewilding efforts over the last two decades. But the birds — known for their distinctive black-and-iridescent green plumage, bald red head and long curved beak — don't instinctively know which direction to fly to migrate without the guidance of wild-born elders. So a team of scientists and conservationists stepped in as foster parents and flight instructors.

"We have to teach them the migration route," said biologist Johannes Fritz.

The northern bald ibis once soared over North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and much of Europe, including southern Germany's Bavaria. The migratory birds were also considered a delicacy, and the bird, known as the Waldrapp in German, disappeared from Europe, though a few colonies elsewhere survived.

The efforts of Fritz and the Waldrappteam, a conservation and research group based in Austria, brought the Central European population from zero to almost 300 since the start of their project in 2002.

This photo provide by Waldrappteam Conservation & Research shows the migration from Northern Bald Ibis, or the Waldrapp from Seekirchen am Wallersee in Austria to Oasi Laguna di Orbetello in Italy during August and September 2022.

The feat moved the species from a "critically endangered" classification to "endangered" and, Fritz says, is the first attempt to reintroduce a continentally extinct migratory bird species.

But while northern bald ibises still display the natural urge to migrate, they don't know which direction to fly without the guidance of wild-born elders. The Waldrappteam's early reintroduction attempts were largely unsuccessful because, without teaching the birds the migration route, most disappeared soon after release. Instead of returning to suitable wintering grounds such as Tuscany, Italy, they flew in different directions and ultimately died.

So the Waldrappteam stepped in as foster parents and flight instructors for the Central European population, which was made up of descendants from multiple zoo colonies and released into the wild in the hopes of creating a migratory group. This year marks the 17th journey with human-led migration guides, and the second time they've been forced to pilot a new route to Spain due to climate change.

To prepare them for travel, the chicks are removed from their breeding colonies when they are just a few days old. They are taken to an aviary that's overseen by the foster parents in the hopes of "imprinting" — when the birds will bond with those humans to ultimately trust them along the migration route.

Barbara Steininger, a Waldrapp team foster mother, said she acts like "their bird mom."

"We feed them, we clean them, we clean their nests. We take good care of them and see that they are healthy birds," she said. "But also we interact with them."

Steininger and the other foster parents sit on the back of a microlight aircraft, waving and shouting encouragement through a bullhorn as it flies through the air.

It's a bizarre scene: The aircraft looks like a flying go-kart with a giant fan on the back and a yellow parachute keeping it aloft. Still, three dozen birds follow the contraption, piloted by Fritz, as it sails over alpine meadows and foothills.

Fritz was inspired by "Father Goose" Bill Lishman, a naturalist who taught Canadian geese to fly alongside his ultra-light plane beginning in 1988. He later guided endangered whooping cranes through safe routes and founded the nonprofit "Operation Migration." Lishman's work prompted the 1996 movie "Fly Away Home" but features a young girl as the geese's "mother."

Like Lishman, Fritz and his team's efforts have worked. The first bird independently migrated back to Bavaria in 2011 from Tuscany. More have flown the route that's upward of 550 kilometers (342 miles) each year, and the team hopes the Central European population will be more than 350 birds by 2028 and become self-sustaining.

But the effects of climate change mean the Waldrapp are migrating later in the season now, which forces them to cross the Alps in colder, more dangerous weather — without the aid of warm currents of air, known as thermals, that rise upward and help the birds soar without expending extra energy.

In response, the Waldrappteam piloted a new route in 2023, from Bavaria to Andalusia in southern Spain.

This year, the route is roughly 2,800 kilometers (1,740 miles) — some 300 kilometers (186 miles) longer than last year's path. Earlier this month from an airfield in Paterzell, in upper Bavaria, the team guided 36 birds along one stage through bright blue skies and a tailwind that increased their speed.

The entire journey to Spain could take up to 50 days and end in early October. But Fritz says the effort is bigger than just the northern bald ibises: It's about paving the way for other threatened migratory species to fly.
The Rise Of The Baloch Liberation Army In Pakistan

September 01, 2024 
By Abubakar Siddique
People look at a charred vehicle near a collapsed railway bridge a day after a blast by separatist Baloch Liberation Army militants at Kolpur in Bolan district, Balochistan Province, on August 27.

The Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) has waged an over 20-year insurgency against the Pakistani state, carrying out mostly small-scale attacks against government forces.

But that changed last week when the separatist militant group claimed responsibility for major coordinated attacks across the vast and impoverished southwestern province of Balochistan, killing over 70 people.

The bombings and shootings on August 25-26 were the deadliest in years in Balochistan, which borders Afghanistan and Iran and is home to Pakistan’s Baluch ethnic minority.

Experts say the attacks highlight the growing strength of the BLA, which has boosted its recruitment and gained access to modern weapons. The U.S.-designated terrorist group has also adopted more lethal tactics like suicide bombings in recent years.

“These attacks were unprecedented and mark a new escalation in the tensions in Balochistan,” said Kiyya Baloch, a Pakistani journalist and commentator who tracks militancy in the region. “It shows the BLA’s determination to showcase its growing strength.”

Demonstrating Dominance

In an operation that began late on August 25, BLA fighters bombed a railway bridge linking the province to the rest of Pakistan, attacked police and military posts, and targeted buses and trucks on a major highway.

In the deadliest attack, BLA fighters stopped a bus and shot dead 23 of its passengers, many of whom were from Punjab, Pakistan's most populous and prosperous province.

The coordinated attacks coincided with the anniversary of the death of Baloch nationalist leader Akbar Bugti, who was killed by Pakistan's security forces in 2006.

Railway officials inspect the remains of a collapsed railway bridge the morning after a blast by separatist militants at Kolpur in Bolan district, Balochistan Province, on August 27.

Aziz Baloch, an independent security expert in Balochistan, said the BLA is keen “to demonstrate that it can demoralize the [Pakistani] Army” and establish itself as the “dominant militant group” in the province.

Balochistan has been the scene of a low-level insurgency and a brutal army crackdown for decades.

The BLA and other separatist Baluch groups seek independence from Pakistan, which they blame for exploiting the vast natural resources in Balochistan and committing grave human rights abuses in the region.

The BLA is considered the largest armed group operating in Balochistan. Experts believe the BLA has several thousand members.

Researchers have documented a sharp increase in the number of attacks carried out by Baluch groups so far this year.

Better Guns, Deadlier Tactics


Experts say the BLA has become a more organized and increasingly potent fighting force.

Pakistani militant groups, including the BLA, are believed to have obtained American weapons and military equipment. When U.S. and international forces pulled out of Afghanistan in 2021, they left behind billions of dollars’ worth of military gear and weapons that were then seized by the Taliban after it captured power.

“Its acquisition of modern weapons has enhanced BLA’s combat capabilities,” said Baloch, the journalist and commentator.

Baloch added that the BLA, a secular group, has also adopted more lethal tactics used by Islamist militant groups like the Afghan Taliban and the Tehrik-e Taliban Pakistan, also known as the Pakistani Taliban.

They include the use of suicide bombings, improvised explosive devices, or IEDs, and so-called complex attacks involving multiple attackers and vehicle-borne IEDs.

The Majeed Brigade, the BLA’s suicide squad, is believed to have carried out most of the group’s complex attacks.

In 2022, a 31-year-old mother became the first woman to carry out a suicide bombing for the BLA. The move was considered a “paradigm shift” by some observers.

Exploiting Local Anger


Experts say local factors have also strengthened the BLA.

Baloch, the security expert in Balochistan, said the BLA has been successful in recruiting Baluch youth. Around 65 percent of Balochistan’s population of 15 million are under the age of 30.

Pakistani soldiers inspect a collapsed railway a day after a blast by separatist BLA militants at Kolpur in Bolan district, Balochistan Province, on August 27.

“They have a lot of manpower and have been attracting female [recruits], too,” he said.

Baloch, the journalist and commentator, said poverty, high unemployment, alleged abuses by the authorities, and political suppression have made Balochistan a “fertile ground for the BLA to attract and recruit more youth.”

Many BLA leaders and fighters are former trained professionals and university students.

Observers say Pakistan has resorted to brute force to crush successive Baluch insurgencies and ignored the long-standing grievances of the Baluch ethnic minority.

“The BLA is a manifestation of the state’s failure to manage and govern Balochistan,” said Baloch, the security expert.

Abdul Malik Baloch, a politician and former chief minister of Balochistan, said many Baluch are becoming increasingly disillusioned with what they call Islamabad’s political meddling in the province.

Baloch said rigged elections in Balochistan aimed at empowering pro-Islamabad figures have disenchanted those who believe in “peaceful politics.”

“Political activists tell me that democracy here is a fraud,” he said. “They feel we are wasting their time.”

Abdul Malik Baloch, who leads the secular National Party, was among several prominent Baluch leaders who lost their seats in parliamentary elections in February. The lawmaker remains a member of the provincial assembly.

Opposition figures accused Pakistan’s powerful military, which has an oversized role in the domestic and foreign affairs of the country, of rigging the vote.

“Disappointment is pushing people into the arms of the insurgency,” said Baloch, the former chief minister.    


Abubakar Siddique a journalist for RFE/RL's Radio Azadi, specializes in the coverage of Afghanistan and Pakistan. He is the author of The Pashtun Question: The Unresolved Key To The Future Of Pakistan And Afghanistan. He also writes the Azadi Briefing, a weekly newsletter that unpacks the key issues in Afghanistan.
BALOCHISTAN IS A COUNTRY

The Baloch question

Aasim Sajjad Akhtar 
August 30, 2024
DAWN



IT is not as if we have not been here before. Balochistan has bled for so long that the mainstream Pakistani consciousness has tuned it into the background. Yet every so often, the Baloch national question is thrust into the spotlight and everyone suddenly becomes an expert on everything Balochistan.

What has transpired after the gruesome killing of civilians in Musakhel — most of them reportedly of Seraiki and Punjabi backgrounds — is a microcosm of everything that is wrong about the way most Pakistanis, particularly in the core regions of our highly fragmented country, conceive of the Baloch question.

First came the frenzied demands for retribution. Expressing outrage at the killings is one thing, but giving the state license to crush ‘terrorism’ is another thing altogether. The current insurgency in Balochistan has raged for almost two decades, and was originally triggered by the dictatorial regime of General Pervez Musharraf, who, some readers will remember, publicly announced ‘they won’t know what hit them’.

Ever since, Baloch youth have been criminalised to no end, thus providing further fuel to the insurgency. Even staunch Pakistani nationalists have, on occasion, acknowledged that insurgencies, past and present, represent a failure of state policy. Militarisation of the Baloch question has not worked before, and will not work now.


Militarisation of the Baloch question has not worked.

Second was the lack of knowledge about Balochistan on display. Among other things, the term ‘Balochi’ was bandied about in reference to the people, whereas the correct term is ‘Baloch’. Then there was almost total neglect of the fact that Pash­tuns, Hazaras, Punjabis, Seraikis and others also call Balochistan their home. They do not all hold the same political opinions just because of their ethnic backgrounds. Indeed, the Baloch people are extremely diverse — the Makran belt in the south, for instance, comprises a distinct social formation to the northeastern parts of the province, including the Bugti, Mengal and Marri heartlands as well as Balochistan’s ‘green belt’ on the Sindh border.

Finally, there was the reduction of the entirely organic Baloch national question to great games and international conspiracies. It is certainly not implausible that there are regional and global players active in Balochistan, but the concerns that many Baloch have vis-a-vis the grand ‘developmental’ claims of projects like CPEC are long-standing and undeniable. Gwadar’s historic fishing communities, for example, have seen their livelihoods destroyed by corporate trawlers, while the wider population has been ravaged by state and private profiteers, who have made a killing through bogus real estate schemes.

Yet all of this seems to matter little in a social media universe where nuance, history and facts count for little. It is certainly true that social media has provided impetus to peaceful movements such as the Baloch Yakjehti Committee, but recent days confirm how the Facebook and Twitter algorithm as well as the statist trolls and bots ensure the de-intellectualisation of political debate.

It is also telling how supposedly broad-based consensuses around matters like enforced disappearances and ethnic profiling dissipate rapidly, and so many people outside the ethnic peripheries start displaying outright racism by calling for a boycott of Quetta cafes and banishing Baloch students from Punjab.

The obvious tensions which do exist between ethnic-nations in Pakistan should, in fact, make clear that the Pakistani state continues to fail spectacularly in addressing the Baloch and other national questions. The weaponisation of reli-

gion continues to be the calling card of choice, which is why the militants of the TLP and TTP thrive while even entirely peaceful Baloch youth who are demanding accountability of the state are called terrorists.

Thirty years ago, Eqbal Ahmad delivered a lecture entitled ‘Terrorism: Theirs & Ours’, which many ‘experts’ should listen to. In it, he meticulously outlined the manner in which the term ‘terrorism’ was instrumentally used by states to pursue their narrow, cynical interests. Of all the forms of political violence that can viably be called ‘terrorism’, it is the modern state, in fact, that has perpetrated the most terror.

There is little evidence that the master strategists who run this country are interested in genuinely resolving the eight-decade-old Baloch question. Those who claim to be on the side of the people, particularly those in the core regions of the country, must not do their bidding, and at the very least use critical analytical lenses to make sense of what is going on in Balochistan.

Working people from Punjab to Balochistan are not perpetrators of hate. They can, however, become conveyor belts for the politics of hate. It is this which must be resisted at all costs.

The writer teaches at Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad.

Published in Dawn, August 30th, 2024


Balochistan — a way forward


Abbas Nasir 
Published September 1, 2024 
DAWN


AS violence erupted in Balochistan on the 18th anniversary of Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti’s killing, about two dozen unarmed civilian bus travellers and lorry drivers, mostly from southern Punjab, were among the 50 killed. Baloch insurgents also targeted infrastructure, such as a railway bridge and a number of security force bases.

Those killed included a woman suicide bomber and one man, who reportedly drove a VBIED (ve­­hicle-borne improvised explosive device or a vehicle bomb) to breach a security force base’s perimeter. They were followed by other attackers who entered and engaged law-enforcement personnel.

There were at least seven coordinated attacks, from Musakhel near the Punjab border, where the murders of unarmed travellers took place, to other areas where different sites were targeted. In my memory, these were some of the most violent, coordinated attacks targeting state writ in the province.

The province has been on the boil since the killing of Nawab Bugti in a military assault on his mountain hideout near Dera Bugti, where he had moved from his ancestral home anticipating state action. (Suffice it to say that it was the ego of the late General Pervez Musharraf and some horrendous counsel by his belligerent Military Intelligence chief, a relative of his, that led to the escalation and blocked a peaceful resolution).

The state has ushered poster-boy proxies into public offices, and disenfranchised Baloch of credible representation — to disastrous results.

Since then, the state has relied solely on an iron fist to ‘deal’ with the ‘Balochistan issue’, rather than address the ‘issue of Baloch rights’ against the backdrop of increasing alienation of the local population and escalating violence.

While the lead security player in the province, apart from reissuing past statements, remained largely silent on the Aug 26 violence, it was left to the civilian leading lights of the hybrid set-up to speak and share their understanding of the gravity of the situation.

Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif presided over a security meeting attended by the army chief and all security officials. The official statement highlighting the decisions taken at the meeting informed Pakistanis that the country’s chief executive had decided to “post police and administration officers of the 48th Common … to be followed by the 49th Common.”

Officers from the two batches, or courses, of the Police Service of Pakistan and the Pakistan Adm­i­­nistrative Service were offered a number of incentives to serve in the restive province, including two tickets every quarter to visit their families.

Perhaps the prime minister had read the excellent piece by respected former law-enforcement boss, Tariq Khosa, in last Saturday’s Dawn, headlined ‘Quest for justice’, and was inspired by it. (Please do read it if you missed it). But if that is all he found inspiring in that all-encompassing piece, I can only despair.

Despair is what many Pakistanis have to live with, and this must include all of us who try and analyse the situation and comment on it. But there is despair and then there is despair, if you know what I mean. And if you don’t, allow me to explain.

How would you react if the day after some four dozen of your citizens, half of them or more unarmed, have been killed by a hail of bullets, even if they survived the suicide bombing, and your interior minister has this to say: Dehshatgard ek SHO ki mar hein (The terrorists can be sorted out by an SHO). An SHO is a local, low-level police officer.

This statement comes against the backdrop of an escalation by both sides and after years of enforced disappearances and apparent kill-and-dump state policy and insurgent violence. If we add up the total number of police, paramilitary personnel, including FC and Levies, I am sure it´ll run into thousands across the province. And everyone knows that the military back-up is also there. This indicates that far too many of our brave security personnel have perished in the spiral.

Asma Jahangir, the iconic human rights advocate-campaigner, once told her critics, who were targeting her for supporting talks with Baloch separatists while opposing any such dialogue with TTP, that, ‘There is a difference’. The Baloch are struggling for their political and economic rights, while the Taliban want to impose their warped interpretation of faith on the country at gunpoint.

I wish the state could make that distinction. It has ushered poster-boy proxies into public offices and disenfranchised Baloch of legitimate and credible representation — to disastrous results. Perhaps it is time to look for a different approach. In fact, it is the patriotic duty of each and every decision-maker to explore other avenues.

And if such a path is pursued, it should be adh­e­red to with more sincerity than when Dr Malik Ba­­loch, as the chief minister, and retired Lt-General Qadir Baloch, then of the PML-N, established contact with an estranged Baloch leader who was willing to enter dialogue, promised to revert to him with a response to his queries, and were, in all probability, vetoed by the security establishment and never returned to the discussions.

This lack of political engagement will have very definitely strengthened the hands of the hostile external forces invested in fuelling instability in Pakistan and would, in fact, play directly into their agenda. That is neither wise, prudent nor will it deliver any security dividend.

Perhaps, once they are done reiterating their iron hand resolve to deal with it, they might be persuaded to look at the British government’s policy formulation and execution in its dialogue with the IRA, or how Spain ended its years-long war with the Basque separatist group ETA. Both countries and their people benefitted from peace, and nobody accused their governments of being lily-livered.

Specifically, if they agree, there should be a brainstorm among Balochistan experts such as Tariq Khosa, Akhtar Mengal, Dr Malik Baloch, Aslam Bhootani (an old friend of mine; just go and see the development in his constituency in Dureji, in the Hub-Lasbela area), the current DGI Lt-Gen­eral Nadeem Anjum and Dr Mahrang Baloch, who continues to support a peaceful struggle for rights. Add Rana Sanaullah, the PML-N leader, because he knows what it is like to be on the receiving end. And see if a way forward can be found.

The writer is a former editor of Dawn.

abbas.nasir@hotmail.com

Published in Dawn, September 1st, 2024

REBELLION IN BALOCHISTAN


Published September 1, 2024
DAWN


AN unprecedented wave of province-wide violence in Balochistan, launched by the banned Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), has raised significant concerns about the level of unrest in the province and the state’s response. The situation escalated further when passengers were forcibly removed from trucks and buses and shot after their identities were checked in Musakhel district. This incident sparked outrage in Punjab, as the victims were targeted due to their ethnic identity, being from Punjab.

In response, a few social media users from Punjab initiated a campaign against Quetta-based restaurants spread across Punjab, run mainly by Pakhtuns. These individuals also called for the expulsion of Baloch students from universities in Punjab. This reaction played directly into the insurgents’ hands. In conflicts, the identities of the real perpetrators and victims often become blurred, exacerbating the situation and widening the scope of the conflict.

The Musakhel incident has once again sparked debate about why Baloch insurgents specifically target labourers and travellers carrying computerised national identity cards from Punjab. The existing literature on the subject fails to provide a convincing and updated explanation of the insurgents’ motivations, typically focusing on the historical grievances of the Baloch against the federation, ethnic differences, and a sense of political disenfranchisement. To gain a more comprehensive understanding, it’s crucial to consult informed individuals on the ground and consider observations that offer a broader perspective on how insurgents and counterinsurgents view the issue.

A common perception is that Baloch insurgents target Punjabi labourers and travellers because they believe the Punjabi establishment is exploiting their resources. While this may be one factor shaping their narrative, it is not the whole story. The insurgents also target Baloch labourers and travellers from south Punjab, a region with a sizeable Baloch population and where Baloch nationalists lay claim to several districts. The insurgents argue that they target those whom they believe are serving in security services or are part of any state-led development project, regardless of their ethnic background. In the past, they have similarly targeted Sindhi and Pakhtun labourers under the same suspicion. However, most victims have proven to be ordinary citizens without ties to the security services. For instance, Sindhis working as private labourers or in fruit markets have generally not been targeted, unlike those employed by public contractors.


In conflicts, the identities of the real perpetrators and victims often become blurred.

Targeting civilians is a challenging decision for any insurgent or violent movement, as it can be counterproductive, damaging their image and raising questions about their ideological and political foundations. A similar situation occurred with the Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) when they began targeting civilians, leading to divisions within their ranks. Internal discussions eventually forced them to alter their strategy of targeting non-combatants. A similar dynamic might occur within the Baloch insurgent ranks, where the BLA is more radical than other factions. The BLA justifies targeting non-combatant Punjabis by arguing that these are ‘retaliatory attacks’ in response to the disappearance and mutilation of Baloch individuals in the province. The BLA believes that targeting Punjabis inflicts the most harm on the military and stirs anger in Punjab against state institutions.

However, since the inception of the current phase of insurgency from 2002 to 2007, insurgents began threatening and killing Punjabi settlers in Quetta and later in other Baloch districts, despite Nawab Akbar Bugti condemning these actions and arguing that targeting innocents cannot be justified. In response to this criticism, insurgents developed the narrative that these settlers, particularly barbers, are the eyes and ears of intelligence agencies.

Beyond these justifications, targeting Punjabis is a well-developed strategy for the insurgent groups. By doing so, they can provoke the security forces into launching large-scale military campaigns, which often lack widespread acceptance among the population and generate more sympathy for the insurgents. Military operations reduce the space for political dialogue, which benefits the insurgents, as they feel more threatened by political initiatives than military action.

The insurgents are well aware of the consequences of attacking innocent Punjabi civilians, knowing it can provoke anger against the Baloch, particularly the youth studying and living in Punjab. However, Baloch insurgents, especially the BLA, believe that their survival depends on complete isolation from the rest of the country, particularly from Punjab. Hard-line Baloch nationalists also support this view, arguing that retaliation against Baloch students in Punjab and Islamabad is beneficial, as it will fuel anti-Punjab sentiments and deepen the divide, increasing hatred against Punjab.

State institutions can counter the insurgents’ designs through a well-crafted strategy rather than reacting impulsively. There is growing support for the idea that one of the most effective counterinsurgency strategies would be to sincerely address the issue of missing persons — unlike past attempts, such as the Justice Javed Iqbal-led Commission, which proved counterproductive and further eroded public trust in the state.

Engaging with figures like Mahrang Baloch could be a strategic move, as she has gained significant influence in the province, outshining nationalist parties, including Maulana Hidayatur Rehman. Rehman, who once championed the rights of the people of Gwadar, has remained silent since his election to the provincial assembly. If state institutions are unwilling to engage her in any political process, they must devise a policy to address the issue that earns the complete trust of the victims’ families. Such an initiative could involve trusted parliamentarians and civil society actors. In either case, it would help to pacify the anger among the broader Baloch community.

The state’s real challenge is to counter the insurgents’ propaganda, which claims that the state aims to eliminate Baloch identity by exploiting its resources and encouraging mass migration from other parts of the country, particularly Punjab. Only the Baloch themselves can help the state devise an effective strategy to combat this narrative — not those sharing power with the establishment and benefiting from the prolonged conflict.

The writer is a security analyst.

Published in Dawn, September 1st, 2024
SINGAPORE

ST Explains: What are transition credits and how can they help phase out the region’s dirty coal?

The South Luzon Thermal Energy Corporation coal-fired power plant in Batangas, the Philippines, is expected to be retired by 2030. PHOTO: ACEN

Cheryl Tan
Correspondent
ST
Sep 01, 2024


SINGAPORE – The Republic is pioneering a new type of financial instrument that could help South-east Asia speed up its move away from coal plants towards more climate-friendly sources of energy.

Transition credits come from closing coal plants earlier so that less planet-warming gases are released into the atmosphere.

Each credit represents one tonne of planet-warming emissions that is prevented from being released. Buyers – such as governments and companies – can buy these credits to shrink their carbon footprint to meet their net-zero emission claims.

On Aug 16, an agreement was signed by Temasek-owned investment platform GenZero, infrastructure company Keppel and Acen, the energy unit of Philippine conglomerate Ayala Corporation, to study the development of a first-of-its-kind transition credit project in the Philippines.

The project entails retiring a South Luzon coal plant in Batangas city in 2030 – 10 years ahead of schedule – and replacing it with a solar plant and a battery storage system.

The Straits Times unpacks what transition credits are and the role they can play in weaning South-east Asia off coal.

Q: What are transition credits and how can they help?

A: Transition credits are a new class of carbon credits generated from the reduction in emissions when coal plants are retired early and replaced with clean energy sources.

Conventional classes of carbon credits typically come from carbon dioxide being removed or reduced through the planting of new trees, for example.

Coal is responsible for powering many South-east Asian economies because of rising energy demand due to population growth and significant economic development.

But it is the largest source of carbon emissions globally.

Phasing out the 2,000 coal plants in the region will help to cap global warming at 1.5 deg C above pre-industrial levels – the threshold which climate scientists say can help ward off catastrophic climate impacts.

The sale of transition credits can expand the available financing mechanisms for phasing out coal plants, since any investor can buy these credits to offset its emissions, said Mr Sharad Somani, partner and head of KPMG’s environmental, social and governance arm in Singapore.

But many of the region’s coal plants are young – less than 15 years old on average. As they have a lifespan of 40 to 50 years, it makes little financial sense to shut them down ahead of time.

Strategies to encourage operators to do so have focused on blended financing, where coal plant owners are given concessional capital, in the form of grants or interest-free loans, for example.

Such capital usually comes from governments, multilateral development banks and philanthropic organisations.

The concessional capital may attract more private capital from banks and investors with deeper pockets but a lower risk tolerance.

However, it is still challenging to raise sufficient private capital to finance these transactions – and this is where transition credits come in.

The Aug 16 agreement follows the Monetary Authority of Singapore’s (MAS) launch of a Transition Credits Coalition, or Traction in December 2023. The initiative, backed by nearly 30 members, including the Asian Development Bank (ADB), Temasek and DBS Bank, studies the challenges of retiring coal plants early in Asia and proposes solutions.

At that time, MAS said it had identified two pilot projects in the Philippines to test the use of high-integrity transition credits in coal phase-out deals. The central bank told ST that the projects will test the viability of transition credits in different scenarios.


More On This Topic

Carbon financing could retire dozens of coal plants in S-E Asia by 2030: Rockefeller Foundation


The South Luzon project is one of the pilots. The 246MW coal plant, which will be retired in 2030, will be replaced with a 400MW mid-merit solar power plant with battery storage, an Acen spokeswoman told The Straits Times.

Mid-merit plants can adjust their output throughout the day depending on electricity demand.

The capital investments are estimated at US$1.5 billion (S$2 billion), said the spokeswoman, adding that the electricity output from the renewable energy facility will be equivalent to the amount generated by the coal plant. Solar energy generated by a solar farm may not reach its maximum output throughout the day due to rain or cloudy weather.

“It takes around three years to build a plant of this scale, hence construction is expected to start by 2028 or earlier,” she added.

For the second pilot, the ADB said it has been appointed by the Philippines to retire a 200MW coal plant in Mindanao five years early in 2026. The current power-purchase agreement for the plant ends in 2031, although the plant has a technical life up to 2046.

A spokesman for the Rockefeller Foundation, also one of MAS’ Traction partners, said: “Transition credits can cover costs that private and concessional capital cannot cover, such as lost revenues to plant owners, the premium associated with investing in replacement assets, such as battery storage, and the just transition costs.”

A just transition entails protecting the rights of workers and communities in the green transition. This could involve retraining or upskilling coal plant workers, for example.
Q: How should these credits be priced?

Acen’s outlook on the transition credit pricing is based on Singapore’s carbon price, which will be set at between $50 and $80 per tonne by 2030, said its spokeswoman.

“While it is still early in the development of the pilot initiative, Acen is optimistic that the transition credits can be viable at these pricing levels,” she added.

Mr Mikkel Larsen, a carbon market expert and an executive director of Singapore-based carbon exchange Climate Impact X, estimates that for a start, the pilot projects could possibly cost around US$30 per tonne of emissions.

But to scale up the phase-out of the rest of the region’s coal plants, the price of these credits could go up to US$40 to US$50 per tonne, he added.

Given the region’s relatively young fleet of coal plants, the early phase-out of each one could cost around US$20 per tonne, while building the replacement renewable energy plant could add another US$20, taking into account the infrastructural changes needed to manage grid instability.

The just transition element will add further to the cost, he added. This can include reskilling workers, for example.

Acen’s spokeswoman told ST that capital to build the renewable plant will come from investors such as Acen, and potential partners. This will include bridge capital that will be refinanced by future proceeds from transition credits.

She noted that if the plant is to be retired by 2030, the crediting will happen between 2031 and 2040.

Potential buyers of the credits include the Singapore Government and carbon tax-liable companies which can use the credits to offset up to 5 per cent of their taxable emissions; provided that the credits meet certain eligibility criteria.

For this to happen, both the Singapore and Philippine governments must enter into a bilateral carbon credit trade agreement, in which both sides agree that emissions reductions are not counted twice.

This means that if Singapore buys transition credits from the Philippines, this same amount of emissions must be “added back” to the Philippines’ inventory.

A memorandum of understanding was signed by both countries earlier in August for this purpose.

ADB senior markets development advisory specialist Dion Camangon told ST that it is supporting the Philippine government to build capacity and set up the arrangements to authorise cross-border carbon transfers, in parallel with the development of a carbon market policy framework.
Q: What will be done to ensure that the credits truly benefit the climate?

To ensure investor confidence, the transition credits’ methodology must be able to address and mitigate potential risks, particularly surrounding the permanence of the plant’s closure, said DBS chief sustainability officer Helge Muenkel.

The two largest carbon accreditation agencies – Gold Standard and Verra – are developing their own standards for transition credits, which can be applied to the two pilot projects under Traction.

Referring to the South Luzon coal plant, Mr Frederick Teo, the chief executive of GenZero, noted that there are several transition credit methodologies in development, but none has been finalised.

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“We are closely tracking these developments and will select the most appropriate methodology at a later stage, one that is robust and implementable... We may also consider going beyond what the methodologies require to tighten safeguards,” he added.

Broadly speaking, transition credit methodologies should address issues such as ensuring additionality, which means proving that the coal plant’s closure would not have happened without financing from transition credits. This would exclude loss-making coal plants, for example.

Permanence is another criterion, where developers must ensure that the coal plant is permanently shut down and prevent leakage. This ensures that the coal plants owners do not end up building new coal plants elsewhere after shutting down a particular plant.