Saturday, April 24, 2021

Fellas, Is It Gay To Be Immune From A Deadly Virus?

CAN WE GIVE THE DARWIN AWARD TO   AMERICAN MEN

 white Republican men are the largest anti-vax group in the country, with 49% of those surveyed saying that they will not get the vaccine. 

Britni de la Cretaz
REFINERY29 
4/23/2021

New statistics about the rates at which Americans are getting vaccinated for COVID-19 reinforce something we already know: toxic masculinity is literally killing people. As it turns out (to little surprise), women are getting vaccinated at far higher rates than men — about 10 percentage points — despite the fact that there are roughly the same number of men and women in the U.S.

© Provided by Refinery29 Editorial Use Only Mandatory Credit: Photo by Álex Cámara/NurPhoto/Shutterstock (11785718j) Three old men smoke with no face masks amid the coronavirus pandemic on March 04, 2021 in Granada, Spain. Daily Life in Granada amid the Covid-19 pandemic, Spain – 04 Mar 2021

In some places, like Los Angeles County, the divide is even starker: The New York Times reports that while 44% of women over 16 have received the vaccine, just 30% of men in the same age group have. There are a few factors that partially explain this gap. The first group of people to be vaccinated were people over 70, and there are more women in that age group than men in the U.S. Not only that, more than three-quarters of health care workers are women, as are over 75% of teachers — two more demographics that were prioritized for the earliest rounds of vaccines.

But there’s another factor at play, one that has more to do with cultural gender norms. “This avoidance has been linked to masculinity ideals of men being strong, invincible and not asking for help,” Kristen W. Springer, an associate professor in the Department of Sociology at Rutgers University in New Jersey, told The Times.

This vaccine reluctance among men echoes other patterns we’ve seen throughout the pandemic. Men are also less likely to wear masks, which one study found was related to perceived “illusions of vulnerability” created by the act of masking up. They are also less likely to adhere to social distancing recommendations.

Research from last month found that white Republican men are the largest anti-vax group in the country, with 49% of those surveyed saying that they will not get the vaccine. But as these newest numbers show, it’s not just white men who are resistant to receiving the vaccine. In Los Angeles County, while 35% of Asian men and 32% of white men have received the COVID-19 vaccine, only 19% of Black men and 17% of Latino men have. There could be other factors at play, like access, and Dr. Paul Simon, the chief science officer at the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, told The Times they were planning to do outreach specifically targeting men.

One message they are hoping might speak to men who hold traditional ideas about what it means to be “a man” is the idea that vaccinating yourself can protect your family from the virus, appealing to the trope of men being “protectors.” This might counteract the trend of men being less likely to pursue preventative healthcare, which is impacted by ideas of being too “macho” to go to the doctor.

And one of the biggest concerns if large numbers of men refuse to get vaccinated is that the country might not reach herd immunity, which is when enough people have been inoculated against a virus to prevent community spread of it. “If we’re below 60% to 70% vaccination for COVID when we enter the fall respiratory season, that could easily tip us into an emergency situation,” Samuel Scarpino, who models the coronavirus outbreak at Northeastern University, told NPR.

Either way, it might be hard to reach some men who think they don’t need the vaccine. “Some men have a sense that they are not necessarily susceptible,” Simon told The Times. “They have weathered this for more than a year and have a sense of omnipotence.”
Made-in-Canada werewolf tale is bloody, good
LUPE DE GAROU GENRE POPULAR WITH CANADIAN WOMEN DIRECTORS*
Bloody and sleek, Bloodthirsty is a clever, pared-down take on the werewolf genre, and made in Canada to boot.
© Provided by National Post Lauren Beatty stars as Grey in Bloodthirsty.

Lauren Beatty stars as Grey, an up-and-coming musician looking for a new manager. She makes a connection with producer Vaughn Daniels (Greg Bryk), who invites her out to his secluded rural home, where they can make beautiful music together.

Grey’s girlfriend Charlie (Katharine King So) isn’t as enthusiastic, especially when a quick Google turns up that Vaughn was once tried for murder. Unconcerned, Grey counters that he was acquitted, and so off they go.

Bryk gives a great, unsettling and intense performance that had me wondering whether the 48-year-old might some day morph into this country’s next Stephen McHattie. (Though I don’t recommend anyone get so gaunt without a doctor’s supervision.)

Vaughn explains how his wife died by her own hand, then creepily hands over her last, unfinished song, with the suggestion that Grey see what she can make of it. This between plying her with absinthe and trying to get her to give up her vegetarian lifestyle. And we already know from an early scene that Grey is taking medication for some kind of issue that includes hallucinations and disturbing dreams.

It’s worth pointing out that Bloodthirsty is a female-led horror, directed by Amelia Moses – she and Beatty also shot a similarly themed horror, Bleed With Me , currently on the festival circuit – and written by Wendy Hill-Tout and singer-songwriter Lowell, who also created some of Grey’s music.

But it doesn’t wear its female sensibility on its sleeve. This is a straight-up horror any way you slice it (and any way it slices). You’d have to be a misanthrope not to appreciate these lycanthropes.

Bloodthirsty is available April 23 on demand.
Chris Knight 
4 stars out of 5

*GINGER SNAPS 1 AND 2, FEMALE WEREWOLVES

 NIGHT OF THE LONG KNIVES FOR KENNEY

Premier Jason Kenney faces growing unrest inside the UCP with letter calling for his resignation

Duration: 02:08 

A letter is circulating amongst grassroots members of the United Conservative Party, demanding Premier jason Kenney immediately resign as party leader over his handling of the COVID-19 pandemic and personal unpopularity. Tom Vernon reports.

Global News


Letter by UCP members calls on Jason Kenney to resign as premier and party leader


On Friday, first quarter fundraising numbers were released in Alberta, showing that the New Democrats, led by former premier Rachel Notley, took in nearly $1.2 million between January and end of March. The UCP, on the other hand, took in just shy of $600,000.

Tyler Dawson 
POSTMEDIA
4/23/2021
 
© Provided by National Post Premier Jason Kenney posted this photo to his Twitter account of him receiving his first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in Edmonton.

EDMONTON — Alberta Premier Jason Kenney, who’s been grappling with internal party dissent over his government’s COVID-19 restrictions, is now facing a letter campaign among the party’s grassroots calling for him to abandon the premier’s office.

The letter, which began circulating a few weeks ago, demands Kenney resign as premier and leader of the United Conservative Party. It’s the latest in a series of challenges Kenney has faced since he swept to power in 2019 on promises to take on the federal government and restore Alberta’s economic prosperity.

Instead, he’s had to grapple with a devastating pandemic and a troublesome caucus that has undermined his ability to sell the government’s pandemic message.

Several members of his caucus drew rebuke for travelling out-of-province around Christmas at the height of the pandemic’s second wave. Since then, multiple MLAs have publicly opposed Kenney’s COVID measures, he’s faced calls for a review of his leadership, and now, a call to step aside entirely.

The new letter hasn’t been officially released. It’s not known how many people have signed, will sign, or who they might be. Postmedia received a copy of the template, with no signatories. It says, while requesting Kenney’s “immediate resignation as leader of the party and as Premier of Alberta,” that the signatories are members of UCP constituency association boards or recent members.

“Furthermore, we do not believe you have the moral authority or trustworthiness to lead this party into the next election or to continue to deliver on important conservative priorities,” the letter says.


JUST THE FACTS MA'AM















On Friday, first quarter fundraising numbers were released in Alberta, showing that the New Democrats, led by former premier Rachel Notley, took in nearly $1.2 million between January and end of March. The UCP, on the other hand, took in just shy of $600,000.

“Conservative parties should always lead on fundraising and so, if you’ve got the NDP either close to or tieing or slightly ahead, that’s significant,” said Duane Bratt, a political scientist at Mount Royal University. “But having a lead of this size? That’s just another data point of the problems that are going on with the UCP.”

The Calgary Herald, quoting a Kenney spokesman, reported, “the premier isn’t going anywhere.”

Ryan Becker, president of the UCP, said in a statement that tens of thousands of party members supported Kenney for leadership and millions voted for him to become premier.

“Signatures on a piece of paper from a largely anonymous small few with their own agendas does not and will not supersede the rules and procedures that govern our party and the will of tens of thousands of our members and Alberta voters,” Becker said.

The letter comes just weeks after the latest round of public health restrictions, which included the closure of gyms, and tighter restrictions on shopping, indoor dining, and gatherings. These measures, announced on April 6, prompted 17 members of the legislature — about one-quarter of Kenney’s 63 MLAs — to speak out against them, saying further lockdowns were not the best policy.

If the letter currently circulating gets several dozen signatures — 90 is one of the numbers floating around — it’s a question of how many ridings are represented, Bratt said. “Is that widespread discontent?” he asked.

The health restrictions are unpopular in some parts of Alberta, particularly rural and small-town Alberta, where the crush of COVID cases is less visible, and the political culture skews more conservative than in the cities.

ThinkHQ polling from November 2020, done as newer restrictions were coming in to address the pandemic’s second wave, showed only nine per cent of Albertans in Edmonton and Calgary felt the restrictions went too far.

In north, central and southern Alberta — areas the UCP generally dominates — about 20 per cent felt they went too far.

As of Thursday, there were more than 19,000 active COVID-19 cases in the province, with more than 500 people in hospital, including 116 in intensive care. More than 2,000 Albertans have died over the course of the pandemic.

But there has been outright defiance of public health measures in Alberta, with some restaurants, such as the Whistle Stop Café in Mirror, Alta., or the the GraceLife Church near Edmonton, refusing to close their doors.

The Alberta legislature, on April 12, saw a protest that brought together right-wing protestors, and those with genuine angst over the economic damage caused by ongoing restrictions, demanding the province be re-opened.

Kenney will likely face a leadership review in 2022, at the party’s annual general meeting, some six months before the next provincial election. The latest letter, though, said “it has become increasingly clear to us that you will not allow a proper review of your leadership in a timely manner.”

“Therefore, we realize the time for discussing your leadership has come to an end,” the letter says.

But if enough constituency associations climb on the bandwagon, that review could happen any time. “Just the fact that you’re having one, even if you win it, you’re already damaged,” said Bratt.

With files from the Calgary Herald

• Email: tdawson@postmedia.com | Twitter: tylerrdawson


OFFER BETTER PAY AND BENEFITS 
American companies are struggling to hire workers, but BofA sees that fading by early 2022

bwinck@businessinsider.com (Ben Winck)
4/23/24
©  Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

Many US businesses are facing worker shortages as the economy starts to reopen.

The unusual dynamic will fade by early 2022 as the labor market rebounds, BofA economists said.

Expanded unemployment benefits and COVID-19 fears are likely keeping many from seeking work, they added.

A McDonald's paying people to interview for jobs. Uber drivers holding off on rides in hopes of higher pay. Millions of payrolls possibly vanishing altogether.

The US economy is still down roughly 8.4 million jobs since the pandemic first fueled massive layoffs. That suggests hiring would quickly bounce back as the country reopens and Americans get back to spending as usual. But the opposite effect is taking place. Instead of an oversupply of workers meeting weaker demand, businesses looking to hire are coming up against a shortage of Americans seeking employment.

That shortfall is presenting an unusual and unexpected challenge to the broader recovery. Without a return to pre-pandemic employment, consumer spending will trend below its potential and leave less money flowing through the economy.

Bank of America economists aren't particularly concerned. The shortage is likely driven by expanded unemployment benefits included in the latest stimulus package, concern around catching the coronavirus, and home-schooling demands for working couples, the team led by Michelle Meyer said in a Friday note. The bank expects that dynamic to fade by early 2022 as stimulus expires and more Americans are vaccinated.



Video: There is scope for U.S. yield curve to steepen further: AllianceBernstein (CNBC)



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"Therefore by early next year, COVID-related labor shortages will likely be replaced by 'traditional' shortages because of a hot labor market," the economists added.

The team reiterated its expectation for the unemployment rate to fall to 4% by the end of 2021. The rate currently sits at 6%, but the government's latest payrolls report suggests monthly job additions will average about 1 million in the near term.

Still, the "traditional" labor shortages expected to emerge next year will present new constraints, according to the bank. The red-hot labor market could "make it difficult" for ports to reach pre-pandemic employment levels even after the health crisis ends, the team said. Such setbacks could further increase factory backorders, which already swelled in recent months due to supply chain disruptions.

The amount of time Americans spend disengaged from the labor force could also slow the recovery. The post-pandemic economy won't be the same as the one seen before the outbreak, and those changes will make the return to work difficult for millions of Americans, Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell said in March.

"The real concern is that longer-term unemployment can allow people's skills to atrophy, their connections to the labor market to dwindle, and they have a hard time getting back to work," he said, adding the central bank needs to "keep supporting them" as the labor market creeps toward a full recovery.




CANADA
Super competitive': Warehouse demand soars amid shift to online shopping

TORONTO — A boom in online shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic is making it tough to find warehouse space in many provinces, industry insiders say.

© Provided by The Canadian Press

Industrial space is being gobbled up at a dizzying rate as companies expand their storage and fulfilment centres to cope with the demands of e-commerce.


"We're seeing multiple offers on any space that's available, especially anything that's existing and you can occupy this year," said Jason Kiselbach, senior vice-president and managing director of CBRE Vancouver.

"It's super competitive."

At the start of April, the commercial real estate company said Canada's industrial markets are the tightest in North America and the country can’t build space fast enough to satisfy the "voracious" demand.

In the first quarter of 2021, CBRE found the industrial real estate availability rate across Canada sat at 2.9 per cent, down from 3.1 per cent in the same quarter last year and 3.3 per cent in the fourth quarter of last year.

Toronto, Vancouver and Ontario's Waterloo region had the lowest availability rates at 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8 per cent, respectively. Halifax, Calgary and Edmonton had the highest rates at 4.3, 7.8 and 9.1 per cent, respectively.

Average net asking lease rates increased by $0.20 per sq. ft. quarter-over-quarter in Toronto alone, reaching an all-time high of $10.45 per sq. ft. That increase set a record because it was the 16th consecutive quarter of growth and came as rental rates rose 90.8 per cent over the last five years.

Demand for warehouse space, Kiselbach said, was already high before the pandemic, but it accelerated even more, when stores temporarily closed and people staying home had little choice but to shop online for many items.

On an unadjusted basis, Statistics Canada said retail e-commerce sales were up 110.7 per cent year over year to $3.5 billion in January.

With storefronts closed intermittently during the pandemic, retailers rushed to offer online shopping to keep sales going. Those companies needed additional space to store inventory and process orders for delivery.

But there were few properties to pick from.

"For Vancouver, we only have one space available over 100,000 square feet and it will get leased fairly quickly," Kiselbach said this week.

"We're seeing anything under construction or planned, people are putting offers on it well ahead of it being delivered."

With almost no warehouses available in some regions like the Greater Toronto Area, Mike Croza says some companies are starting to revamp their operations and logistics for this new reality.

"A lot of companies may not have been prepared for such a disruption," said the founder and managing partner of Supply Chain Alliance.

He's noticed companies are repurposing space they already had or could quickly obtain for distribution and fulfilment and even turning to dark stores — retail spaces that are closed but are being used to hold or prepare goods.

There's also a wave of companies hiring people to handle logistics and figure out how to squeeze out more space and better efficiency to meet pandemic demands, he said.

"It's a good place to be right now," Croza said. "Supply chain was never seen as sexy, but it's now seen as sexy."

Other companies are handling the lack of space by looking farther than they planned for property, said Marshall Toner, the executive vice-president and managing director of JLL's industrial Canada business.

"There's no magic bullet or silver bullet that I'm aware of that guys have got up their sleeve to solve this other than being open to having their fulfilment centre or distribution centre in a place that maybe they didn't exactly want," he said.

However, by using secondary or satellite facilities further from a desired location, he said some companies can make it work.

Toner doesn't expect the interest in such properties in warehouses to dissipate much, even if COVID-19 lockdowns are lifted and people return to shopping in-person, because e-commerce is still poised to become more popular.

"There's still going to be a significant amount of growth in the industrial space," he said.

"The temperature might cool down on it, but I think the demand is still going to be there.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published April 22, 2021.

Tara Deschamps, The Canadian Press
Will this be the emissions target Canadians can take seriously?

Aaron Wherry
CBC
OTTAWA PRESS GALLERY
4/23/2021



© Nathan Denette/The Canadian Press A person walks past a climate change-themed nature mural on Earth Day in Toronto on Thursday, April 22, 2021.

Canada has never had a hard time setting targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The challenge has been to actually meet those targets.

So you would be forgiven for casting a skeptical eye at the Liberal government's pledge to now aim for a reduction in Canada's emissions of 40 to 45 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030 — a deeper cut than the 30 per cent reduction Canada has been promising to achieve since 2015.

But after 30 years of making international commitments and failing to live up to them, this country now has a plausible path to get to that previous target.


Climate change is a challenge that demands ambition. Some argue that Canada should be shooting for an even steeper decrease in emissions. But ambition needs to be matched with action and accountability.

"I come from the business world. I used to be a CEO. And what you do is you set out a plan and you actually deliver on the plan and then you set out new targets," Environment Minister Jonathan Wilkinson told CBC News ahead of Thursday's announcement.

"And then at the beginning of the year, sometimes you don't know fully how you're going to achieve those targets, but part of the target-setting exercise is to ensure that you're actually stretching. If you've ever read Jim Collins' book Built to Last, that's how successful companies often run their businesses, because if you actually are setting targets that you know can achieve from day one, you're probably not pushing yourself enough."

Collins is a proponent of companies setting what he calls "big, hairy, audacious goals."

A large part of the government's argument for setting a new target rests on its claim that it already has delivered a plan that would get Canada past the old 2030 target — and that this new target comes at a moment of rising ambitions for climate policy in Canada and abroad.

In 2015, when Justin Trudeau's government came to power, Canada's emissions were on track to increase by 12 per cent through 2030.

By the time the 2019 election rolled around, projections showed that — thanks to federal and provincial policies — Canada was on track to reduce emissions by 21 per cent below 2005 levels.

Last December, when the Trudeau government released an updated plan that included future increases to the federal carbon price, it projected that it could achieve a 32 per cent reduction by 2030. With this week's budget, it increased that projection to 36 per cent.





Policies still have to be implemented and it would be naive to imagine the next nine years will go perfectly smoothly. Plotting a path is easier than following it. But at least it's now possible to see a path.

What's more, the ground floor for Canadian climate policy may have been raised last week when Conservative Leader Erin O'Toole tabled a plan that — while debatable in its details and perhaps its commitment — both accepts the wisdom of pricing carbon and offers a realistic strategy to achieve a 30 per cent emissions reduction.
Not ambitious enough?

The fact that there is no solid plan yet to get to 40 or 45 per cent is no small detail, though the same could be said of every country that announced a new target this week. Skepticism might be warranted. Domestic or international politics might be at play here — though politics that leads to more ambitious action should be welcomed.

But there's a clear case for more ambition. And one way to make sure the new target isn't just another big number written down on a piece of paper is to ensure that someone is held accountable for pursuing it.

The Trudeau government has said that Canada, like other countries, should aim for net-zero emissions by 2050 but there are good reasons to move sooner rather than later — both in terms of avoiding emissions and in mitigating the cost of taking action.

Some will say that the Liberal target is not big, hairy or audacious enough. The Biden administration is promising a 50 per cent reduction, though any comparison between Canada and the United States must account for differences in both the source of emissions and the cost of reductions, not to mention the stringency of current policy.

And there's disagreement over what constitutes Canada's "fair share" of the emissions cuts required to keep further global warming close to 1.5 degrees Celsius. The Climate Action Network says that, based on Canada's situation and the circumstances of other countries, a fair share would be 60 per cent.
Holding the feds' feet to the fire

But even hitting the Trudeau government's new target range will be difficult. Climate experts described it on Thursday as a "very tall order" and a "big lift."

Either way, there is a real need for accountability this time. Catherine Abreu, executive director of the Climate Action Network, said the problem with past targets was a lack of accountability
.
© Sam Nar/CBC A youth climate protester holds a sign in downtown Toronto on Friday, March 19, 2021.

"For me, a huge takeaway from this whole conversation … is that Canada's failure in the past is not just a failure of ambition. It's a failure of climate governance," she said.

"And that's why improving or passing Bill C-12 [the Canadian Net-Zero Emissions Accountability Act] is so essential because it will set up that regular, formal process that not just this government, but all future governments will have to follow to set climate targets and set plans to meet them."

Abreu notes that Bill C-12, the government's climate accountability legislation, would require the government to produce a plan for meeting its 2030 target within six months of the bill's passage — and a review process would evaluate the country's progress toward that target.

Abreu said the bill should be amended to require that the government meet a 2030 target.

Climate change is a threat that imposes a moral imperative — and the political imperative may have become more urgent in recent years. But building out the reporting and accountability rules on those targets might ensure that no government is ever again able to set a target and then forget it.
China names Mars rover for traditional fire god

BEIJING — China’s first Mars rover will be named Zhurong after a traditional fire god, the government announced Saturday.
 Provided by The Canadian Press

The rover is aboard the Tianwen-1 probe that arrived in Mars orbit on Feb. 24 and is due to land in May to look for evidence of life.

It is part of Chinese space plans that include launching a crewed orbital station and landing a human on the moon. China in 2019 became the first country to land a space probe on the little-explored far side of the moon and in December returned lunar rocks to Earth for the first time since the 1970s.

The rover’s title fits with the Chinese name for Mars — “Huo Xing,” or fire star, the China National Space Administration said.

The name “signifies igniting the flame of China’s planetary exploration,” a deputy CNSA administrator, Wu Yanhua, was cited by the official Xinhua News Agency as saying.

The top candidate for the landing site is Utopia Planitia, a rock-strewn plain where the U.S. lander Viking 2 touched down in 1976.

CNSA says Tianwen-1's goals including analyzing and mapping the Martian surface and geology, looking for water ice and studying the climate and surface environment.

China would become the third country after the former Soviet Union and the United States to put a robot rover on Mars.

The Associated Press



Razzie Awards 2021: Rudy Giuliani and the MyPillow Guy among the 'winners' for worst in cinema

By Claire Colbert, CNN 


After a year that didn't go as planned for anyone, Rudy Giuliani and Mike Lindell, aka the "MyPillow Guy," are among the winners -- if you can call them that -- of the 41st Golden Raspberry Awards, which are handed out to the worst in cinema every year.

© CQ Roll Call/Bloomberg/Getty Images Rudy Giuliani, left, and Mike Lindell.

The nine categories are voted on by 1,097 Razzie members in 50 states and about 25 countries.

The award for Worst Picture went to Lindell's documentary "Absolute Proof," which claims that a Chinese cyberattack flipped the 2020 election -- despite there being no evidence to back up the claim. Lindell, a vocal supporter of former President Donald Trump, also got a Worst Actor Razzie for the film.

Giuliani's awkward appearance in "Borat Subsequent Moviefilm" left many wondering if he was in on the joke after he was caught on camera with his hand down his pants during a spoof interview -- he said he was tucking in his shirt. The former Trump lawyer won the Razzie for Worst Supporting Actor. Giuliani and his pants zipper were also recognized as the Worst Screen Combo.

The film "Music," featuring Kate Hudson and Maddie Ziegler, and directed by musician Sia, took the most Razzies this year with three.


Worst Picture

"Absolute Proof"


Worst Actor

Mike Lindell, "Absolute Proof"


Worst Actress

Kate Hudson, "Music"


Worst Supporting Actress

Maddie Ziegler, "Music"


Worst Supporting Actor

Rudy Giuliani, "Borat Subsequent Moviefilm"


Worst Screen Combo

Rudy Giuliani and His Pants Zipper, "Borat Subsequent Moviefilm"


Worst Director

Sia, "Music"


Worst Remake, Rip-Off or Sequel

"Dolittle"


Worst Screenplay

"365"


A "Middle Finger Salute" to 2020

The Board of Governors couldn't let 2020 off easy, so in addition to the annual categories, they decided to award a special Governors' Award to 2020 for being "The Worst Calendar Year Ever!" to acknowledge that "way more than just movies stank last year."
Restrictions work, says man who brought Massachusetts gun deaths to record low
Sarah Betancourt in Boston 
THE GUARDIAN 4/24/2021

In 2020, even as many Americans remained cloistered in their homes under the pandemic, 19,380 died from gunshots – more than in any other year.
© Photograph: Steven Senne/AP John Rosenthal, founder of Stop Handgun Violence, during a panel discussion in Boston in 201

This year is no different. According to the Gun Violence Archive, there have been 158 mass shootings with four or more people shot, more than one a day.

No one knows the numbers better than John Rosenthal, a co-founder of Stop Handgun Violence, a Boston-based non-profit. He has discussed the issue with presidents, governors, a supreme court justice and even the former head of Smith & Wesson. Largely thanks to his efforts, the state has the lowest US gun death rate.

It all started in 1994, when Rosenthal owned a parking garage next to Fenway Park, home of the Boston Red Sox. Negotiating a price for a billboard on top of the garage, he realized the value of the spot, over the Massachusetts Turnpike and 250,000 drivers a day.

“I thought, ‘Well, what message could I put on here that could help change bad public policy?’”

A friend told him 15 kids under 19 died every day from guns. The figure went on the billboard. The numbers changed as the board gained attention. Bill Clinton would reroute his motorcade to pass it. The president met Rosenthal through former governor Bill Weld.

Over 27 years, Stop Handgun Violence has led the way on passing four state gun violence prevention bills – three under Republican governors.

“We’ve had a 40% reduction in the rate of gun deaths in Massachusetts, and a reduction of suicides,” Rosenthal says.


1969



















About two-thirds of gun deaths are suicides. In Massachusetts, requirements for licensing, registration and background checks have created waiting periods that make it harder to purchase a gun, creating time to think.

“You can’t buy a gun impulsively in Massachusetts, legally,” Rosenthal says.

The landmark Massachusetts Gun Control Act of 1998, signed by a Republican governor, Paul Cellucci, required renewable licensing and registration for all gun owners, adopted the standards of the 1994 federal assault weapons ban (which was sponsored by Joe Biden, then a senator), implemented the first consumer protection standards for firearms and required dealers to be licensed.

Another Republican, Mitt Romney, signed a second major gun law in 2004, making permanent the federal assault weapons ban and outlawing 19 specific firearms.

A Democrat, Deval Patrick, oversaw a 2014 law that requires a wide range of data be submitted to National Instant Background Check System, including domestic violence convictions, mental health and substance abuse records. Massachusetts also got a web portal for instant background checks on all private sales and expanded police discretion for issuing licenses for rifles and long guns. The law required every gun recovered in a crime be traced and logged in a central database.


That officer died in Boulder. He was outgunned. He had to reload. That’s when you die

In 2017 and 2018 another Republican, Charlie Baker, signed the first US ban of bump stocks – devices which make guns semi-automatic – and the Extreme Risk Protection law, which empowers family members and law enforcement to have firearms removed when they believe an individual could use them for harm.

Nonetheless, Rosenthal says, Massachusetts makes “more firearms at Smith & Wesson and Springfield Armory and other smaller companies than any other state. We are selling weapons of mass destruction, mostly AR-15s, which can’t be sold in-state because of our assault weapon ban but [are] wreaking havoc across the country.”

In the late 90s, Rosenthal contacted Ed Shultz, then Smith & Wesson’s chief executive, hoping he could create childproof guns similar to models the company had made more than 90 years before.

“I told him, ‘You put safety features on your guns, but 17% of police officers are killed in the line of duty or killed with their own weapon because the bad guy grabs the gun. Why don’t you make a childproof or personalized gun now?”

According to Rosenthal, Shultz said, “We would like to do it. But the minute we do it, we’ll be sued for not doing it yesterday. You get me tort reform, I’ll get you personalized gun technology.”

Together, they pursued handgun locks and technology that would only allow the owner of a gun to fire it. The National Rifle Association boycotted the company. Leadership changed. Smith & Wesson began making AR-15s.
© Provided by The Guardian In a picture from 2002, Rosenthal listens to then Boston police commissioner Paul Evans. Photograph: Angela Rowlings/AP

“Their AR-15 was later used in Aurora, in Las Vegas and countless other [mass shootings],” Rosenthal says. Smith & Wesson now makes the most popular rifle in the country.
‘No regulations’

The pivotal point came in 2008, with District of Columbia v Heller, a landmark case before the supreme court.

In a 5-4 ruling authored by Antonin Scalia, the court found a Washington DC handgun ban unconstitutional, holding that the second amendment to the US constitution protects the right to keep weapons for self-defense – unconnected to the formation of a militia.

Rosenthal counters that every decision before Heller said the second amendment gave the right to bear arms to the militia, now the national guard.

“Not an individual right. Heller changed that but only in so much that you could have had the same guns you had in 1776. Not current AR-15 assault weapons. None of that is protected and Scalia said as much. He said you could put reasonable restriction on guns.”

The NRA, Rosenthal says, decided to spin Scalia’s words, to say individual gun ownership was completely protected.

Rosenthal says he met Richard Heller, the plaintiff in the case, at a debate in 2013, after the Sandy Hook school shooting in Connecticut in which 20 young children and six adults were killed. They talked, he says, about how some children could only be identified by their clothing, because they had been shot more than 10 times. Rosenthal says Heller said: ‘If I hadn’t done the work for the NRA and brought this case, maybe those children [would still] be alive.’”

The same year, the NRA lobbied against an assault weapons ban which was defeated in the Senate, several Democrats voting against it. Rosenthal says the Massachusetts senator Elizabeth Warren called him in tears, saying she and others had “failed” the families of Sandy Hook.


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“The toy gun industry can be sued if they don’t put a red dot at the barrel of a toy,” Rosenthal says. “Teddy bear companies can be sued if stuffing is flammable. But the real firearm that results in 40,000 deaths a year, 150,000 injuries a year, eight children killed every day? No regulations.”

Biden recently signed a series of executive actions, after shootings in Boulder, Colorado, where 10 people were killed, and Atlanta, where eight died. Earlier this month, eight more died in Indianapolis. Rosenthal says mass shootings won’t stop without real national action.

“Congress allows 30-to-100 round magazines before having to reload without any background check in 32 states,” he says. “That’s the reason why that officer died in Boulder. He was outgunned. He had to reload. That’s when you die.”

The House has passed two gun-control bills. The bipartisan Background Checks Act of 2021 would require universal background checks on all commercial sales and legislation to close a loophole which allows sales if a background check isn’t completed in three days.

Rosenthal wants more. This week, he introduced new state legislation – to ban the manufacturing of assault weapons in Massachusetts.


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Opinion: What we can learn from Canada on gun control

Opinion by Jooyoung Lee 

In the last month, we have witnessed a barrage of mass shootings across the United States. In each of three shootings -- in Indianapolis, Boulder, and Atlanta -- we learned that the suspects bought guns legally. Even worse, we learned after each of the three shootings that family members and friends had been concerned about these young men.

© Andrew Harnik/AP FILE - In this March 24, 2018, file photo, Isabel White of Parkland, Fla., holds a sign that reads "Americans for Gun Safety Now!" during the "March for Our Lives" rally in support of gun control in Washington, that was spearheaded by teens from Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School after the 2018 mass shooting in Parkland, Fla. President Biden faces an uphill battle as he tries to push for more state laws that would allow authorities to temporarily disarm people who are considered a danger to themselves or others. State lawmakers, governors of both parties and former President Donald Trump embraced the so-called red flag laws after the 2018 mass shooting in Florida. (AP Photo/Andrew Harnik, File)

You can't read these news stories and believe that US gun laws are working. There are plenty of ways to circumvent background checks through private sellers and other loopholes. When they are actually required, the criteria used to identify high-risk people prove inadequate to keeping guns out of their hands. A recent FBI study shows that 75% of mass shooters between 2000 and 2013 either bought their guns legally or already possessed them.

Buying a gun from a licensed dealer in America is too easy. Prospective gun owners fill out the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives' Form 4473, which asks whether they have been convicted of a felony, involuntarily hospitalized by court order, or dishonorably discharged from the military, among other questions about their personal history. Dealers then share this information with the National Instant Criminal Background Check system, and a decision is typically relayed within minutes. These checks are not exhaustive enough and the suspects in the recent shootings in Indiana, Boulder and Atlanta sailed through this system, even though they had documented personal struggles, mental health histories or family members and friends who flagged them as unwell
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© Geoff Vendeville Jooyoung Lee

As an American living and working in Canada, I've had a chance to see a better system at work. Gun control laws aren't perfect in Canada, and there are ongoing problems with gun violence north of the border, but the system up here is better at keeping guns out of the hands of people looking to use them for violence. This is evident in Canada's firearm-homicide rates, which are a fraction of what they are in the US. In 2019, Canada's firearm-homicide rate was less than a sixth of what it was in the US.

Canada's federal licensing system is a big reason for this disparity. Buying a gun in Canada is like getting a driver's license. You have to apply for a Possession and Acquisition License (PAL) -- a process that involves a variety of background checks with a minimum 28-day waiting period for new applicants who do not have a valid firearms license. You have to take a safety training course. You have to provide personal references who can vouch for your character. You have to renew the license every five years or else you can be charged with unauthorized possession under the Firearms Act and Criminal Code.

Not only does this process help identify high-risk people at the time of purchase, it also provides a way for law enforcement to keep tabs on gun owners, whose lives continue evolving after they buy a gun. The Canadian system acknowledges that a person might experience trauma, suffer from acute mental illness and go through other life changes that would put them at risk of using a gun to commit violence against others or themselves. The US system is a one-time snapshot of a person's life before they buy a gun. Licensing and renewal in Canada provide an evolving picture of a person's changing risk profile over time.

Currently, 14 states in addition to DC have some form of licensing law; of those, 10 states have licensing in the form of "permit-to-purchase" requirements, which typically require prospective gun owners to apply directly to a state or local law enforcement agency to obtain a purchase permit first. Research by Kara Rudolph, Elizabeth Stuart, Jon Vernick and Daniel Webster shows that Connecticut's 1995 "permit-to-purchase" handgun law was associated with an estimated 40% decrease in firearm-related homicides in the first decade it was in effect. Similarly, removing licensing requirements is associated with increases in suicides with firearms. A study by Cassandra Crifasi, John Speed Myers, Jon Vernick and Daniel Webster found that firearm suicides went up 16% after the removal of "permit-to-purchase" handgun laws in Missouri.

Talks about implementing a federal licensing system gained some traction a couple years ago when New Jersey Sen. Cory Booker introduced the Federal Firearm Licensing Bill, which would have expanded the criteria used to screen prospective gun buyers. Under this plan, attorneys general would have more information about prospective gun owners and could deny licenses to people who violate stalking restraining orders, as well as gun traffickers and people with histories of making threats of violence. Even though the National Rifle Association might try to tell you differently, these are not controversial early steps in a massive gun grab. These are modest expansions of a failing background check system. Unfortunately, this bill died in the Senate.

In the wake of so many mass shootings, it's easy to feel like there is no way out of this tragic mess. But there is a way forward. It begins with admitting that the current instant background check system isn't working. It then requires a system that takes into account how people's lives change over time and how their risks of committing violence ebb and flow with these changes. A federal licensing system is a modest start.