Sunday, October 17, 2021

Rigged review: shameless – and dangerous – catnip for Trump’s base

Mollie Hemingway says the 2020 election ‘went terribly wrong’. In a divided America, her deeply flawed book will find readers

Rioters try to break through a police barrier at the Capitol in Washington on 6 January. Photograph: John Minchillo/AP


Lloyd Green
THE GUARDIAN
Sun 17 Oct 2021 

The state of the union is sulfurous. Donald Trump’s defeat did not change that.

More than 80% of Trump and Biden voters think elected officials from the other party “present a clear and present danger to American democracy”. Half of Trump supporters and two-fifths for Biden think secession would be a good idea.

Into the fray leaps Federalist senior editor Mollie Hemingway with Rigged, 488 pages on “How the Media, Big Tech, and the Democrats Seized Our Elections”.

Hemingway’s is an immovable feast. It’s about owning the libs.

“If you believe things went terribly wrong in the 2020 election, well, you’re not crazy, and you’re not alone,” she writes. “But most of all, you’re not wrong.”

In 2015, Hemingway branded Trump a “demagogue with no real solutions”. Now, like so many Republicans, she’s a fan. She discounts Charlottesville, where in August 2017 far-right marchers earned kind words from the president, as a “hoax”. She castigates those who denounce the events of 6 January this year, when Trump supporters attacked the US Capitol.

“People who call the few-hour riot at the Capitol by unarmed protesters an ‘insurrection’ are bad people who are harming the country,” she tweeted in July.

The riot was an attempt to overturn the election. Five people died, a police officer among them. Rigged is catnip for Trump’s base.

“They used Covid to rig an election,” Trump whines, in an interview. “There was nothing I could do.”

He has been singing that song since May 2020. And then there is reality: the administration’s performative nonchalance in the face of Covid undermined Trump’s chances of reelection.

That was understood by his campaign as early as spring 2020. According to Bob Woodward and Robert Costa of the Washington Post, in April Trump’s pollster, Tony Fabrizio, warned that Covid could cost the boss re-election.

“We have seen the enemy and it is us,” Fabrizio wrote. “It isn’t [Trump’s] policies that cause the biggest problem, it is voters’ reactions to his temperament and behavior.”

Hemingway looks in other directions, pointing a finger at Democratic lawyers and voters for supposedly gaming the system amid a pandemic, berating Rudy Giuliani and Sidney Powell for pursuing the wrong legal strategies, and ignoring comments by Bill Barr, who she interviews but who as attorney general let Trump know he had not “seen fraud on a scale that could have effected a different outcome of the election”.

It’s true that Trump might have mounted more of a fight. His campaign and the GOP had real lawyers on the payroll and Republicans were secretary of state in Arizona and Georgia. But the party had squandered the advantages of incumbency.

Trump and Hemingway both go at Silicon Valley with a vengeance, reserving a special place in hell for Mark Zuckerberg.

“Big tech got meaner, bigger, stronger, and they were crazed,” Trump says. As for Zuckerberg, he “should be in jail”. One suspects many Americans might agree.

Hemingway criticizes the Zuckerberg-funded Center for Technology and Civic Life (CTCL) for funding election operations in Michigan, Pennsylvania, Texas and Wisconsin. She contends that such private-public partnerships undermine the public’s faith in electoral integrity.

For the record, courts repeatedly denied pre-election efforts to block CTCL funding. One federal judge, William C Griesbach, a George W Bush appointee, acknowledged the “receipt of private funds for public elections may give an appearance of impropriety” – but dismissed the lawsuit.

Hemingway does not examine Team Trump’s own relationship with Facebook and Zuckerberg. In 2014, Cambridge Analytica, a now-defunct company part-owned by the Mercer family, Trump benefactors, used Facebook to illegally harvest personal data. Steve Bannon, who would become Trump’s 2016 campaign chairman, was a board member and officer. He denies personal culpability.

There’s more that Hemingway leaves untouched. According to The Contrarian, a recent book by Max Chafkin of Bloomberg News, in a 2019 meeting between Zuckerberg, Jared Kushner, Ivanka Trump and Peter Thiel, a venture capitalist and Trump ally, Zuckerberg basically agreed to champion “state-sanctioned conservatism”. Zuckerberg has called the claim “pretty ridiculous”. Thiel, an original Facebook investor, still sits on the board.

It doesn’t end there. A recent lawsuit commenced by the Rhode Island Retirement System against Facebook, Zuckerberg, Thiel and his company, Palantir, alleges “significant damage” caused by the data-harvesting scandal. The suit quotes the Cambridge Analytica whistleblower, Christopher Wylie, in alleging that Palantir employees “regularly worked in person, during normal business hours, at the offices of Cambridge Analytica in London”.

Back on the page, it seems Hemingway cannot resist the siren song of race. In Justice on Trial, her last book, about the confirmation of Brett Kavanaugh, she rubbished the legal underpinnings of Brown v Board of Education, the 1954 supreme court ruling that made state-imposed school segregation unconstitutional.

Such decisions, she wrote, “may have been correct in their result but were decided on the basis of sociological studies rather than legal principles”.

It’s a unique take, with which even Trump’s three supreme court picks would not agree. Amy Coney Barrett has called Brown a “super-precedent … unthinkable” to overrule. Kavanaugh has said the same. Neil Gorsuch concedes it was properly decided.

Undeterred, Hemingway now takes aim at the 1964 Civil Rights Act, resurrecting Barry Goldwater’s contention that it evinced “an unconstitutional usurpation of power by the federal government”. Hemingway also derides Lyndon Johnson’s support for civil rights as a blatant appeal to black voters.

In 1964, Senator Goldwater lost to Johnson in a landslide. That was the last time a Democrat accomplished that feat – or won the “white vote”, for that matter.

The news remains a battleground. Ryan Williams, president of the rightwing Claremont Institute, has made it known his mission is to save western civilization.

“We believe in truth and reason,” he recently told the Atlantic. “The question is whose truth and whose reason.”

Williams also said “a third of the country thinks the election was given to Biden fraudulently”. Hemingway is sure to find an audience.


Rigged is published in the US by Regnery


Stephanie Grisham: Trump turncoat who may be most damaging yet

Former press secretary has decided to ‘break her silence’ but may find media less hospitable than to those who went before
Stephanie Grisham looks on at the White House, in November 2019. 
Photograph: Tom Brenner/Reuter

Martin Pengelly
@MartinPengelly
Sun 3 Oct 2021 

On Monday, Stephanie Grisham will appear on Good Morning America. ABC is billing the interview as the former White House press secretary’s chance to “break her silence”.

I’ll Take Your Questions Now review: Stephanie Grisham’s tawdry Trump tell-all

Donald Trump is unlikely to be watching. Grisham is not the first insider to break omertà on the Trumps, who rose from running a New York real estate empire to occupying the White House, but she may well be the politico who got closest of all.

A Republican operative before Trump seized the party, Grisham was spokeswoman and confidante to Melania Trump when she became first lady. Grisham shifted to the West Wing, becoming Trump’s third press secretary, then returned to the East Wing as Melania’s chief of staff. Shortly before the Trumps left the White House, on the day of the Capitol attack, she resigned.

Now she has written a book, I’ll Take Your Questions Now. The irony of the title has been widely noted. In nine months as press secretary, Grisham did not take questions at a single White House briefing. Nonetheless, the book has generated a slew of headlines, nearly all unflattering about her former bosses.

Stories range from the salacious, Trump calling a press aide forward on Air Force One in order to “look at her ass”, to the ludicrous, as when Trump and Boris Johnson used a G20 working breakfast to discuss the strength of kangaroos.

Grisham makes clear Trump’s unfitness to be president, whether due to his terrifying temper or his ridiculous demands – such as when, she says, he ordered her to finally go behind the White House podium, to defend him in his first impeachment by “acting out” his infamous phone call with the president of Ukraine.

Grisham avoided that humiliation, she writes, by getting “one of our most reliable ‘yes’ guys in the House”, Devin Nunes of California, to read the call into the congressional record. She also exposes decay higher up in the party. Lindsey Graham, the senator from South Carolina, is “gross and tacky … a snake”. Mitt Romney, Grisham’s former boss, a pillar of anti-Trump conservatives, is ridiculed for trying to become secretary of state.

Back down the food chain, Grisham does not name the White House aide with whom she had a relationship which ended in allegations of abuse, choosing to describe him as the “Music Man”, who she says could calm Trump down by playing his favourite songs, Memory from the musical Cats chief among them. The aide is widely known to be Max Miller, who denies Grisham’s allegations – and who is now a candidate for Congress in Ohio.

Trumpworld, of course, has lashed back. Peter Navarro, formerly a trade adviser and self-appointed White House enforcer, called Grisham’s book “useless gossip”. Trump claimed Grisham was being “paid by a radical left-leaning publisher to say bad and untrue things”.
Grisham listens to Trump talk to reporters at the White House. 
Photograph: Chip Somodevilla/Getty Images

Harper Collins – owned by Rupert Murdoch – will no doubt press ahead with its sales plan. But Grisham seems to have burned bridges with the mainstream media as well as her political party. Though the Washington Post and New York Times published detailed reports on her book, she seems unlikely to be welcomed into the fold as columnist or TV pundit.

‘Dirty deeds’


Grisham resigned on 6 January, the day Trump supporters mounted a deadly attack on the US Capitol, seeking to overturn the election in support of his lies about voter fraud. She says she rejected the voter fraud argument. Politico has reported otherwise. In most eyes, either way, it was far too late to jump ship.

Eric Boehlert, founder of PressRun, a newsletter covering the US media, told the Guardian Grisham was “a legit inside source who had a position the whole time. So I think there’s a feeling like she was in the room. It’s not like hearsay.”

“[But] she’s sitting in meetings for years, writing notes to herself at night about how the president of the United States is a danger to the world and the danger to the country. If you’re gonna blow the whistle, have the courage to be a whistleblower. Don’t do it after everything is safe and he’s out of office.”

Some Trump aides who jumped or were pushed before Grisham have managed to stay in the media’s good graces, though obviously not the Trumps’.

Michael Cohen was Trump’s fixer before he flipped during the investigation of ties between Trump and Russia. He also went to prison, for crimes including lying to Congress and facilitating illegal payments to two women who alleged affairs with Trump.

Finishing his sentence in home confinement, he has become a vocal Trump critic through a book, Disloyal, a podcast, Mea Culpa, and as a voice on MSNBC. It’s quite a change for a man who once threatened journalists threatening to expose Trump’s “dirty deeds”.

John Bolton was Trump’s third national security adviser. A foreign policy hawk on the Republican right long before Trump, his time in the White House wasn’t a happy one, as Grisham recounts. Trump failed to stop publication of Bolton’s book, The Room Where It Happened, but Bolton managed to avoid testifying in Trump’s first impeachment trial. That and his presence as a media commentator, particularly over the withdrawal from Afghanistan, continues to anger many on the left.

Then there is Anthony Scaramucci, a Wall Street financier who spent 11 days as White House communications director. He stuck with Trump for a while, publishing a book in praise of the “Blue Collar President”, then broke with him. “The Mooch” retains a presence in national media.

Boehlert said: “I feel like these books are helpful in that they paint a first-hand portrait of a madman, period. And they’re helpful because they’re effective.”

But in Grisham’s case, he said, “it would have been helpful if [she] had warned us in 2017, 2018 … She had this perk job, she had access to the most elite circles on the planet. And she knew it was all wrong, and she knew it was dangerous. And now she’s cashing in on a book after Trump is in Mar-a-Lago.

“It’s not exactly a profile in courage.”
‘I looked totally incompetent’

As far as Trumpworld is concerned, Grisham’s chief crime may be to have betrayed her access, as chief of staff to Melania and press secretary to Donald, to some of the family’s most intimate moments.

In her book, she describes discovering “another piece of the puzzle that was the marriage of Donald and Melania Trump”. During a trip to France in summer 2017, she says, she stood “mostly alone” with the couple before a public engagement.

Melania Trump climbs into her motorcade wearing the infamous Zara jacket, in Maryland in 2018. 
Photograph: Kevin Lamarque/Reuters
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“Mrs Trump … leaned into her husband, who whispered into her ear. A few moments later I saw them kiss each other. All of that was quite unusual; it was in fact the only time I ever saw them express any physical intimacy in public.”

Grisham says she was “so surprised I took a picture of the scene on my phone”. That picture, taken from behind, its subjects unsuspecting, is reproduced in Grisham’s book. It seems a startling breach of privacy and trust.


Stephanie Grisham book sheds light on Trump’s bizarre brushes with world leaders


Grisham also tells her version of a particularly furious media frenzy. On a trip to the southern border in June 2018 that included a visit to a detention centre for child migrants separated from their parents, Melania Trump wore a jacket which displayed a slogan: “I really don’t care. Do U?” Outrage was immediate and sustained.

Grisham blames Melania for going rogue, choosing her outfit while her closest aide was distracted. The first lady, she writes, “didn’t care about the media frenzy over her jacket, that’s for sure. Or at least she pretended not to care … But I did care, because it was my job, and, at best, I looked totally incompetent.”

Grisham now lives in Kansas, away from the Washington hullabaloo. Should she ever wish to dive back in, she may hope DC society at large responds as one White House predecessor did to her book.

Joe Lockhart, a press secretary under Bill Clinton, dismissed I’ll Take Your Questions Now in a mere five words.

“I don’t care,” he wrote. “Do you?”

ONTARIO
OPG advances new nuclear at Darlington

CNSC approves site prep licence renewal

OCTOBER 13, 2021

Clarington, ON – The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission has announced its decision to renew Ontario Power Generation’s (OPG’s) existing Site Preparation Licence for the Darlington New Nuclear Project.

“OPG has the experience and expertise to lead the way on this next generation of clean energy, and we look forward to having an SMR in place in time to help meet future energy demands. We are pleased to receive CNSC approval to take the next steps in this direction.”
Ken Hartwick, OPG’s President and CEO

This 10-year licence renewal allows OPG to do work aimed at preparing the site for construction of a potential future Small Modular Reactor (SMR), including:
Excavation and grading,
Installation of services and utilities for future buildings, and
Construction of service buildings.

Last November, OPG announced resumption of planning activities for additional nuclear power generation – via an SMR - at its Darlington site.

An aerial view of Darlington Nuclear Generating Station.

The Darlington New Nuclear site is the only site in Canada currently licensed for new nuclear with a completed and accepted Environmental Assessment.


Additional generation at Darlington would ensure that reliable, zero-emission nuclear energy will continue to play an important part of Ontario’s energy mix, offering a significant solution to secure Ontario’s clean energy future, and enabling SMR deployment to provide clean, economical electricity elsewhere in Canada and the world.


To construct and operate a new reactor, further approvals, including additional CNSC licences, are required. These licences must be obtained through an extensive regulatory process, which would include the opportunity for input from the general public and Indigenous communities, as well as a public hearing.

Quick facts

An SMR at Darlington will provide a new source of carbon-free, nuclear energy for Ontario’s future projected energy demand – a demand widely expected to ramp up as transportation and other sectors electrify to use Ontario’s clean power to help decarbonize the broader economy.

Ontario, New Brunswick, Saskatchewan and Alberta have signed a Memorandum of Understanding, to collaborate on the advancement of SMRs as a clean energy option to address climate change and regional energy demands, while supporting economic growth and innovation.

A Conference Board of Canada study says a 300-megawatt grid-scale SMR built in Ontario and operated for 60 years would have a positive impact on Gross Domestic Product of over $2.5 billion and create direct and related employment on an average annual basis, including:

Close to 700 jobs during project development

More than 1,600 jobs during manufacturing and construction

Over 200 jobs during operations, and

About 160 jobs during decommissioning

Quote


“Nuclear energy will play a key role in meeting net-zero goals, and SMRs are the flexible, scalable answer to some of today’s most complex energy questions,” said Ken Hartwick, OPG’s President and CEO. “OPG has the experience and expertise to lead the way on this next generation of clean energy, and we look forward to having an SMR in place in time to help meet future energy demands. We are pleased to receive CNSC approval to take the next steps in this direction.”

About OPG


As a global climate change leader and the largest, most diverse electricity generator in the province, OPG and its family of companies are helping lead the charge to a post-carbon economy.


- 30 -
SMOKED PART ONE

Nearly two decades after working at a pulp mill, workers complain their health was compromised


Molly Thomas
Investigative Correspondent, W5
Published Friday, October 15, 2021 

VIDEO BELOW

In 2002, the owners of the mill in Dryden, Ont. started a project to reduce emissions, but workers on the construction project complain that they were exposed to toxic chemicals that damaged their health.

DRYDEN, ONT. -- Gerald Landry always aimed to retire at 65, but at 51 years of age, he says, his body started shutting down, forcing him to quit work.

Landry blames the five weeks he spent working at the pulp and paper mill in Dryden, Ont., then owned by Weyerhaeuser, a large American forestry company.

Landry was hired to help build a recovery boiler project, which was supposed to clean the air for the town from all the odorous emissions from the mill. The irony, says Landry, is that those same emissions were blowing right into his face while on the job.

"I went out one morning and you couldn't see 15 feet ahead of you. That's how bad the smoke was on the ground."

But it was worse the higher up you went. Landry is a boilermaker: a tradesperson who cuts, shapes, and welds steel to repair metal products or build structures. He worked high up on the boiler recovery project, where he claims he was most exposed. An unpredictable south-westerly wind was part of the problem. When it blew towards the workers, he said it pushed the toxic smoke toward them and made many workers sick.

Landry claims they were forced to work in the plume.

"They really bullied us to work in the plume," Landry recalls, speaking about the contractors running the project. "It was terrible the pressure they were putting on the men".

Many former workers at the Weyerhaeuser construction site told W5 that they were unusually fatigued and some even passed out during their shifts.

Landry remembers his last day working there, when he developed chest pains. At the hospital, he claims 58 other workers from the job were also there, also waiting for oxygen. He quit shortly thereafter.

Workers like Larry Tudorachi stuck it out much longer because they desperately needed the work. The '90s were very hard in the region, with sawmills closing and mines dwindling; the resource sector was in a slump. A well-paying job close to home in 2002 was highly coveted.

"I blame myself for staying there," he told W5 in an interview, through tears. "I thought, boy, what a guy will do for a dollar."

Tudorachi was hired as a pipefitter. He recalled there were times he couldn't see his partner just ahead of him in all the smoke while working on a 20-foot pipe.

Tudorachi started to get sick as well, and began writing down his symptoms. Almost 20 years later, he lays out the crinkled pieces of paper with his notes, recording his symptoms: constant coughing, gnawing headaches, and three lost fillings, he blames on the exposure.

He described becoming exceedingly distracted and forgetting simple things like numbers. He said he still struggles with that to this day. Tudorachi had been in and out of paper mills since 1976, but says the Dryden project was different.

When the job began, he recalled, there were weekly safety meetings. But when so many workers were questioning why they were getting sick, the group meetings were cancelled.

Documents obtained by W5 through Freedom of Information (FOI) requests confirm that weekly safety meetings turned into smaller 'toolbox' meetings because a Weyerhaeuser representative says the larger group meetings "became opportunities to attack [safety consultants] and others personally."

Halfway through the project, on June 3, 2003, workers walked off the job, finally getting attention to their complaints.

Ontario's Ministry of Labour and independent safety consultants were called in to investigate. However, other than a few small exceptions, they found, "all readings for carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide and hydrogen sulphide were below detectable limits."

Still, they ordered nine additional measures to ensure safety on site, which included external hygienists to test air quality, re-training of testers already on the project, and more equipment for air monitoring. Proper half mask respirators were also handed out. Still, workers were getting sick.

"We didn't know what was going on with us. We were waiting for somebody to tell us what we were sucking up."

Tudorachi said the bosses often referred to the plumes as a "cocktail."

"We wanted to know what was in it [the cocktail]," Tudorachi said. "Because we were falling like flies. And nobody could tell us why."

There were several other walk-offs in 2003. Documents from the time, obtained though FOI requests, show page after page of workers complaining about being unwell and demanding answers from the Ontario government, safety consultants, and Weyerhaeuser.

A labour ministry representative, Doug Burke, responded in one document: "Not all gases have exposure limits, we are doing the best we can and ensuring the limits that are in place are not exceeded. There are a lot of unknowns."

Dr. Noel Kerin tried to figure out those unknowns. A medical doctor, Kerin specializes in occupational and environmental medicine, working for the Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers (or OHCOW) looked at nearly 400 workers and their symptoms post-project. He found clusters of problems in the separately evaluated patients.

OHCOW's 2008 assessment of 388 workers from the Dryden mill found the following symptoms:

Neurological:
231 have reported fatigue
195 reported memory loss (short term)
178 reported sleep problems
165 reported headaches
155 reported mood changes (anxiety)
146 reported concentration problems
91 decreased sex drive

Respiratory:

Note: 266 workers were smokers and ex-smokers
173 reported new onset of SOB on exertion
100 difficulty breathing

"What jumped out immediately was changes to their functioning as people, their memory. They weren't as sharp," Dr. Kerin says. He is appalled that it took more than a year to get respirators properly fitted to protect workers; though not all workers wore their half mask respirators, saying they were difficult to breathe and communicate in.

Dr. Kerin eventually diagnosed 162 of the workers with Chronic Toxic Encephalopathy (CTE). Known in the football and hockey world for traumatic head injuries, it can also be a toxic brain injury caused by repeated exposure to chemicals.

"Workers were poisoned by chemicals. That's clear," Dr. Kerin says. "The science supports that opinion and the symptoms and signs that we found and those workers further substantiated it."

Ontario's Workplace Safety and Insurance Board (WSIB) did not agree. Even though it acknowledges a cohort exposure problem on its website, and compensated more than 200 people for issues like exposure, respiratory disease, and toxic effects, it ultimately rejected the CTE diagnosis.

In one workers' rejection letter, the WSIB wrote: "There is no evidence of exposure to significant levels of organic solvents to support the diagnosis of CTE."

Landry was one of the lucky ones who received some compensation, but only after three years of fighting for help and getting back pay in 2008.

Before that, he lived on his employment insurance until that ran out and had to go on welfare.

"We lost our hydro. Had no hydro or telephone my last five and a half months before I finally got entitlement from WSIB, so it puts you in a hard place," Landry said. "If I had to pay a landlord or a mortgage, I might have been out in the street, you know, living under a bridge or something." He says his marriage crumbled under the pressure.

W5 requested an interview with Ontario's Minister of Labour Monte McNaughton to understand why the ministry didn't shut down the site when so many workers were getting sick. His office never responded to that request, but a ministry spokesperson did send general guidelines about shutting down a worksite, which include "the toxicity of the airborne contaminants being evaluated, the concentration of these contaminants in the air, and the immediate hazard posed on the worker."

W5 also reached out to Weyerhaeusers' corporate headquarters in Seattle, Washington to ask about details of the construction project. Weyerhaeuser's Public Affairs Manager responded in an email saying: "Unfortunately, I do not have any information on this project since Weyerhaeuser sold almost 15 years ago. All of the relevant documents regarding its operation went to [the new owner] with the sale."

But when we followed up, to ask about the allegations of an unsafe worksite, Weyerhaeuser didn't return our repeated emails or calls over several weeks.

Ironically, Tudorachi blames himself for continuing to work on a job that was supposed to reduce pollution, but which he believes made him sick.

"The whole system is flawed. We were the sacrificial lambs. Get in there and get the job done, but worry about the safety later. Just get 'er done."



THE SERIES CONTINUED 

W5: Smoked, part two



NOW PLAYING
Workers from numerous trades claim working at the pulp mill in Dryden, Ont., made them sick. Nearly two decades later, they want answers.


W5 Extended: Worker wrote down his symptoms




NOW PLAYING
Larry Tudorachi, who worked as a pipefitter on the recovery boiler project, speaks to W5's Molly Thomas about being exposed to the smoke.


Passing out and waking up in an oxygen mask



NOW PLAYING
W5 speaks to a man who worked at a construction project at an Ontario pulp and paper mill where he says fumes caused him to pass out.

Quebec nurses refuse mandatory overtime this weekend as pandemic adds to pressure

Nurses' union issues Nov. 15 deadline to ban practice

 altogether

Thousands of nurses across Quebec are refusing to work any mandatory overtime this weekend, as their union ramps up the pressure on provincial and regional health authorities to stop forcing health-care workers to stay past their scheduled shift. (CBC / Radio-Canada)

Quebec's largest nurses' union says health-care workers are beyond exhausted as they continue to feel the pressures of the COVID-19 pandemic and that the use of mandatory overtime to cover staffing shortages must end.

The Fédération interprofessionnelle de la santé du Québec (FIQ) says that's why more than 30,000 of its members in a dozen regions, including Montreal, are refusing to work extra hours this weekend.

On Friday, the union sent formal notices to local and provincial health authorities informing them of this weekend's plans. It also issued a deadline of Nov. 15 to ban the practice of forced overtime entirely or face action from the FIQ.

"We never know what time we are going to leave work," said Patrick Guay, vice-president of the FIQ's department of labour relations.

"It has an impact on our families, it has an impact on the overall [health] network.... There's no more patience. It's over."

WATCH | Quebec nurses refuse to work overtime this weekend:

Quebec's largest nurses' union is increasing its fight against mandatory overtime, as more than 30,000 of its members across the province are refusing to work extra hours this weekend. 1:56

The nurses' union says it's reached out to Quebec's workplace safety board and asked it to intervene. It also asked the province's human rights commission to study the issue.

The FIQ says the "inhumanity of such a system" puts the health and safety of both nurses and patients at risk and is also causing psychological damage to employees.

"We need to end this management style," Guay said. "There are other ways to provide service than forcing people to work."

Patrick Guay, vice-president of labour relations for the FIQ, says nurses and health-care workers are too exhausted to be forced to stay at work longer than their scheduled shifts. He says mandatory overtime is dangerous for both employees and patients. (Radio-Canada)

'There's no magic wand,' health minister says

Health Minister Christian Dubé agrees that mandatory overtime isn't sustainable, but he says getting rid of it isn't something that can happen overnight.

"It's addressed in the collective agreement," Dubé said on Friday, referring to an agreement in principle between Quebec and the FIQ that was signed on Oct. 6.

"We don't want any more mandatory overtime ... but there's no magic wand," he said.

"We're not going to be able to go from five, six, seven per cent usage of mandatory overtime in certain regions to zero tomorrow morning. It's not possible."

Quebec Health Minister Christian Dubé says that next week, he hopes to present concrete measures to improve working conditions in the health-care system — measures he hopes will convince more nurses to come out of retirement, encourage part-time employees to agree to full-time work and attract new hires. (Jacques Boissinot/The Canadian Press)

Dubé said the province's plan to address the personnel crisis is a work in progress, and mandatory overtime was a management tactic used well before the pandemic.

He said that next week, he hopes to present concrete measures to improve working conditions in the health-care system — measures he hopes will convince more nurses to come out of retirement, encourage part-time employees to agree to full-time work and attract new hires.

Dubé said nurses want to see a culture change on the job and that he's committed to making that happen.

Quebec's Health Ministry says almost 1,800 nurses have been hired, have come back to work or have moved to full-time positions in the last few weeks. The ministry says it's in discussions with close to 2,400 other potential candidates.

But the nurses' union says the government's recruitment efforts haven't yielded any results when it comes to eliminating mandatory overtime. It says it will be rolling out the next steps of its plan to see the practice banned in the coming 

Arctic coast road, deep sea port project back in motion with $7.25M loan agreement

Project would see a 227-kilometre road and a deep-sea port at Grays Bay

At the 2020 annual general meeting of Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. in Cambridge Bay, delegates approve an interest-free loan of $7.25 million to the Grays Bay Road and Port project. The Kitikmeot Inuit Association has now officially decided to incur that loan. (Government of Nunavut)

The Grays Bay Road and Port project in Nunavut is now back in motion after being bogged down for nearly two years by COVID-19 and financial constraints due to surging construction costs. 

The Kitikmeot Inuit Association (KIA), which heads the project, plans to take on a 10-year $7.25 million loan from Nunavut Tunngavik Inc. (NTI), the territory's Inuit organization.

"We're ready to proceed," said Stanley Anablak, the president of the KIA, an Inuit regional association that represents Inuit in western Nunavut. 

The project would see an all-weather, 227-kilometre road running northwards from the Jericho mine near the Northwest Territories border at the northern end of the Tibbitt-Contwoyto winter road, to Grays Bay on the Arctic Coast. It would also have a deep-sea port at Grays Bay on Coronation Gulf.

 The project would bring a lower cost of living, cheaper power and improved telecommunications to the Kitikmeot region.

The Kitikmeot association said it did an independent review of the business case for the project to gauge its viability before accepting the loan. It then asked the delegates at its recent AGM in Cambridge Bay, Nunavut, to approve the loan, who did in a unanimous vote. The KIA wanted a grant from NTI, meaning they wouldn't have to repay it, but instead was only offered to burrow the funds.

The loan agreement, which covers 25 per cent of what's needed to get it shovel-ready, should be signed by the end of the month, Anablak said.

The association received a financial commitment from the federal government to cover the remaining 75 per cent of the pre-construction costs needed of up to $21.6 million.

The project would see an all-weather, 227-kilometre road running northwards from the Jericho mine, near the Northwest Territories border at the northern end of the Tibbitt-Contwoyto winter road, to Grays Bay on the Arctic Coast. It would also have a deep-sea port at Grays Bay. (CBC)

Combined the federal grant and the loan from NTI will  help make the western Arctic road and deep-sea port project ready for an environmental assessment from the federal and territorial reviewers.

The loan from NTI is set to be given in two instalments, with the first $4 million handed to KIA within 30 days of signing the loan agreement.

The second part of the loan would be provided within 10 days of the KIA putting in place "certain financial management measures." The agreement says the whole loan has to be repaid by March 31, 2032.

Hiring project manager the 1st step

The first move in that three-year process, Anablak said, will be to hire a project manager.

The project — which the KIA took over from the Nunavut Resource Corp. in 2020 — was initially taged at $550 million total.

But rising construction costs have since skyrocketed, Anablak said.

"COVID has put a big burden on us so we've been holding off the last 19 months on this project," he said. "Once we hire a project manager, that will be one of his jobs, costing this out."

After that, the task will be to find investors. 

"We've always dreamed of power lines, and internet. We hope the government will step in and make use of our access to connect us," Anablak said.

Linking up with the N.W.T.

Meanwhile, in the N.W.T., Yellowknives Dene First Nation plan to move forward with their $1.1-billion Slave Geological Province Corridor project, which would link up with the Gray's Bay Road.

The Slave Geological Province Corridor would see a 413-kilometres all-season road constructed northeast of Yellowknife to the western Nunavut border.

In August 2019, the federal government announced it would put up $30 million, and the N.W.T. government would contribute another $10 million to support environmental regulatory reviews and planning studies for that project.

SPACE WEATHER
Massive asteroids will whiz past Earth in coming weeks, including 1 nearly size of Empire State Building

NASA has tracked over 27,000 near-Earth objects, some over 1 kilometer in size.


ByMarlene Lenthang
16 October 2021

Asteroid bigger than the great pyramid of Giza to zoom by Earth Friday
The asteroid is one of many so-called near-Earth objects passing in the coming weeks.Science Photo Library/Getty Images

Several massive asteroids are expected to whiz close to Earth in the coming weeks, including one nearly the size of the Empire State Building.

Two are expected to soar near the planet on Saturday, followed by more in the coming days, according to data from NASA's Center for Near Earth Object Studies.


On Friday, Asteroid 2021 SM3, which has a diameter of up to 525 feet -- bigger than the size of the Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt -- was projected to zoom by around 3.5 million miles away from Earth, USA Today first reported based off CNEOS data.

Near-Earth objects are defined by NASA as "comets and asteroids that have been nudged by the gravitational attraction of nearby planets into orbits that allow them to enter the Earth's neighborhood."

But fear not, though these asteroids are passing relatively close to Earth, they're still a great distance away, experts say.

"Astronomically, these are coming close to the Earth. But in human terms, they are millions of miles away and can get no closer than millions of miles away," Paul Chodas, the director of the CNEOS at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, told ABC News.

The center tracks near-Earth objects for the entire asteroid community so that when close approaches happen astronomers can know where and when and observe their movements.

One of the closest approaches is Asteroid 2021 TJ15, which will pass the Earth at the same distance at the moon, or 238,854 miles away, on Saturday.

"That asteroid has a diameter of 5.6 to 13 meters (18 to 42 feet). That's a tiny asteroid coming to about the distance of the moon. It's still a long, long way, it can't hit the Earth, there's no chance of that," Chodas said.

Asteroid 2004 UE is up to 1,246 feet, nearly the size of the Empire State Building, that will make its close approach Nov. 13 about 2.6 million miles from Earth.

"So that is the size of a small building. That's approaching a medium size. But that's 11 lunar distances approaching sequence, it cannot get any closer than 11.11 lunar distances," Chodas said.

The center has discovered and tracked over 27,000 near-Earth objects. Asteroids range in size with most being small-, medium-size asteroids ranging from 300 meters to 600 meters (984 feet to 1,968 feet) in size and large ones 1 kilometer (3,280 feet) and up in size. He said many of the asteroids that pass Earth are tiny and burn up when they enter the planet's atmosphere.

Unlike the apocalyptic plots in movies, the chances of a massive astroid striking the planet is extremely rare, Chodas said.

"It's simply the fact that there are very fewer medium- and large-size asteroids that come near the Earth to begin with," he said. "There are comparatively few large asteroids. The largest near-Earth asteroid is something like 10 kilometers. But there's only one or two of those."

The asteroids are discovered through observatories, cameras, telescopes and asteroid surveys that search the night sky for movement. After an asteroid is discovered, the center tracks their measurements and locations, and computes an orbit trajectory to predict its future movements to see if there's any chance it'll intersect with Earth.

Just how often do asteroids end up hitting Earth?

"Over the last 20 years of doing this, we've had a total of four asteroids -- tiny, tiny asteroids -- that have been observed in space and headed for the Earth, and have impacted the atmosphere and burned up. They became a bright fireball in each case," Chodas said. "In two of the cases, we've predicted where they would hit ahead of time and predicted where to find the meteorites. Expeditions have gone out and found the meteorites. So our mathematics work pretty well."

One of the most prominent was the Chelyabinsk Event in Russia in February 2013.

"That was the largest observed impact we've had in recent memory, I guess it's a 100-kind of year event. That was a 20-meter asteroid that blazed through the atmosphere over Russia, and it disintegrated. What was started off as a 20-meter asteroid ended up as a core rock that was only one meter across, and it landed in a frozen lake and made a nice round hole in the ice," Chodas said.

So far this year, the biggest asteroid to pass by Earth was Asteroid 2001 FO32, dubbed Apophis the "God of Chaos", in March which was estimated to be 1,100 feet across, NASA said.

Michael Zolensky, an astromaterial curator and researcher at NASA, told ABC News asteroids are " basically leftovers from planet formation."

"Some of them have been whacked and broken by impacts from the other asteroids and then have kind of come back together again, as sort of traveling beanbags of loose rubble," he said.

On Saturday, NASA's newest asteroid probe named Lucy took off from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida for a 12-year mission to study some asteroids known as Trojans around Jupiter.

Lucy will be the first spacecraft to visit these asteroids with the hopes of helping scientists learn more about how our solar system's planets formed and how they ended up in their current configuration, NASA said in a release.
NASA rover mission is 'exactly where Australia wants to be' to build space industry

Oct 16, 2021


Sky News Australia

An Australian-made rover is set to be launched to the Moon as part of a NASA space mission this decade after the federal government struck an agreement with the US space agency. The deal could see a semi-autonomous rover made by Australian businesses and researchers sent on a lunar mission as early as 2026. 

ANU astrophysicist and cosmologist Dr Brad Tucker says the partnership is an incredible achievement for Australia. “When we talk about moon rovers, that’s a really exclusive club, only five countries – four countries rather – have attempted rovers. Only three have gotten them to work,” he told Sky News Australia. 

“There’s actually only I think been seven rovers in total, this would be number eight, we would be the fourth country.” Dr Tucker said this is “exactly where you want to be” in terms of space production for Australia. he added if the nation succeeds in the project, it would put us in the same league as the United States, Russia, and China. Dr Tucker said it is “not just about the moon rover” but developing skills, capabilities, and investment in companies and researchers to help grow the space program

Perseverance rover captures stunning panoramic image of Mars’s South Séítah

By Georgina Torbet
DIGITAL TRENNDS
October 16, 2021

Like any good tourist, NASA’s Perseverance rover has been snapping photos as it explores the wilderness of Mars. Now, NASA has released a stunning panoramic view of the Martian surface, composed of pictures taken by the rover.
Cropped version of a mosaic composed of 84 pictures taken by the Mastcam-Z imager aboard NASA’s Perseverance rover.
NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS

The image shows the South Séítah area of the Jezero Crater, where the Perseverance rover is currently exploring and searching for signs of ancient life. This region is of particular interest because it contains some of the oldest rocks in Jezero, allowing researchers to get a view into Mars’s past.s


The complete image is an incredible mosaic, stitched together from 84 separate images taken using the rover’s Mastcam-Z instrument. These images were taken on September 12 after Perseverance had completed its longest drive to date, traveling 175 meters. To get the full effect of the stunning view of Mars, head over to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory’s website to see the high-definition version.This image indicates the location of several prominent geologic features visible in a mosaic composed of 84 pictures taken by the Mastcam-Z imager aboard NASA’s Perseverance rover.
NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS

“Just like any excited tourist approaching the end of a major road trip, we stopped at a lookout to get a first view of our destination,” said Jorge Núñez, an astrobiologist and planetary scientist on the Perseverance team, in a statement. “This panorama is spectacular because you feel like you are there. It shows not only the incredible scale of the area, but also all the exploration possibilities South Séítah has to offer. With multiple intriguing rocky outcrops and ridgelines, each one is seemingly better than the last. If it’s not a field geologist’s dream, it’s pretty close.”

The image shows the different colors and textures of rocks that the rover has encountered, which geologists can analyze to understand more about Mars and its history.

“Another cool thing about this image is that one can also see in the background, on the right, the path Perseverance took as it made its way to South Séítah,” said Núñez. “And finally, there is the peak of ‘Santa Cruz’ far in the distance. We’re currently not planning on going there; it’s too far out of our way. But it is geologically interesting, reinforcing just how much great stuff the team gets to pick and choose from here at Jezero. It also looks cool.”

My Favorite Martian Image: the ridges of ‘South Séítah’
This annotated image indicates the location of several prominent geologic features visible 
in a mosaic comp
Strange Radio Signals Are Coming From The Milky Way. Study Tells What They Are Suggesting

Astronomers have detected unusual radio signals coming from the centre of the Milky Way Galaxy, which exhibit very high polarisation, and suggest a new class of stellar object



By: Radifah Kabir | Updated : 16 Oct 2021 

Representational image (Source: Getty)


New Delhi: Strange radio signals are coming from the direction of the Milky Way Galaxy's centre, astronomers have discovered. Scientists have studied the patterns of variable radio sources for a long time, but the new radio waves detected do not match any of those previously known patterns.

The astronomers believe these unusual signals could suggest a new class of stellar object.

The study explaining the discovery of the object was recently published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

Using the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation’s ASKAP (Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder) radio telescope, Ziteng Wang, the lead author of the new study and PhD student in the School of Physics at the University of Sydney, along with an international team of scientists, detected these surprising signals emerging from deep in the heart of the Milky Way Galaxy.




What is unusual about this signal?

Ziteng Wang said what the scientists found most strange about the new signal is its “very high polarisation”, according to a statement by the University of Sydney.

“This means its light oscillates in only one direction, but that direction rotates with time,” he explained. In simple words, polarisation is a property of light waves that depicts the direction of their oscillations.

The study author also noted that this was a never-seen-before phenomenon. A dramatic variation in the brightness of the object was observed, and the signal switched on and off at random, he said, adding that the brightness increased or decreased by a factor of 100 during those episodes.

In order to find out the secrets of the universe, variable or transient objects in radio waves are being studied. Variable objects in astronomy are those stellar objects which change brightness, or in other words, emit variable light across the electromagnetic spectrum. Transients are astronomical phenomena which can last for durations of fractions of a second to weeks or years. Variables are detectable at any point of time, while transients fall below the detectable limit due to their short-lived nature.

Some examples of astronomical objects whose brightness varies are pulsars, supernovae, flaring stars, and fast radio bursts.

Pulsars are rotating neutron stars, or a dense spinning dead star, which emit pulses of radiation at very regular intervals, which may range from milliseconds to seconds.

Supernova is the explosion of a star, while fast radio bursts are highly intense bursts of radio waves produced by unidentified sources, which last for a few milliseconds.

Flare Stars are variable stars which exhibit dramatic variations in brightness, within a few minutes.

Ziteng Wang said that they initially speculated the unusual signals to come from a pulsar, which is a very dense type of spinning dead star. He said they also speculated the signal to come from a star that emits huge solar waves.

But they later shrugged off these assumptions because the newly discovered signals did not match the signals that are expected to be emitted by pulsars or other types of celestial objects known.



What are the findings?

Ziteng Wang, along with scientists from Australia's national science agency CSIRO, and from countries like Germany, the United States, Canada, South Africa, Spain and France, discovered the unusual object using CSIRO's ASKAP radio telescope in Western Australia. They subsequently conducted further observations using the South African Radio Astronomy Observatory's MeerKAT telescope.

Professor Tara Murphy, from the Sydney Institute for Astronomy, and the School of Physics, said they had been surveying the sky throughout 2020 and 2021 to detect new objects using ASKAP. Variables and Slow Transients (VAST) is the name of the project.

She added that they named the newly detected unusual object after its coordinates as ASKAP J173608.2-321635. This object, coming from the centre of the galaxy, is unique because it was invisible in the beginning, then turned bright, faded away and then reappeared, she explained. She noted that the behaviour exhibited by the object was extraordinary.

Over nine months in 2020, the researchers had detected six radio signals from the object. They tried to find the object in visible light, but it was in vain. Then, they tried to detect the source using the Parkes radio telescope, but were unsuccessful at their attempts.

Murphy explained that the signal was intermittent (occured at irregular intervals), which is why they observed it for 15 minutes every few weeks, using the more sensitive MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa, in the hope of seeing the signal again.

Fortunately, she added, the signal did return, but it exhibited a behaviour that was dramatically different. In previous ASKAP observations, the signal had lasted for weeks, but this time, the source disappeared in a single day, she said.

The scientists note that not much is revealed about the secrets of the universe from this discovery.

Ziteng Wang's co-supervisor, Professor David Kaplan from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, said the new discovery had some parallels with another emerging class of mysterious objects known as Galactic Centre Radio Transients (GCRTs), one of which was dubbed the 'cosmic burper'.

Galactic Centre Radio Transients are not one specific object but a group of objects emitting radio waves, around the Milky Way's centre.

Astronomers speculate that the signals could be coming from GCRTs, because the new object shares some properties with this class of mysterious objects. Kaplan said there were also certain differences between the properties of the new object and GCRTs. "And we don't really understand those sources, anyway, so this adds to the mystery," Kaplan was quoted as saying.

The researchers aim to observe the object closely as it may provide further clues about its identity.

Professor Murphy said astronomers will be able to take sensitive maps of the sky every day using the transcontinental Square Kilometre Array (SKA) radio telescope, which is being planned to be built in Australia and South Africa. She explained that this powerful telescope will not only help astronomers solve mysteries such as the latest tantalising discovery, but will also further exploration in the radio spectrum of the cosmos.





Gap in research funding leaves global south more vulnerable to climate impacts, studies suggest

Inayat Singh, Alice Hopton 
© Themba Hadebe/The Associated Press 
A shepherd stands in the dry riverbed at Colesberg, South Africa, in September. Researchers are warning that without detailed climate impact research, countries in Africa and around the global south may be left

Developing countries suffer from a significant gap in terms of scientific research related to climate change, a new study shows, even though they contain the communities and people most vulnerable to extreme weather, rising sea levels and other serious impacts of climate change.

"There is a kind of gap in knowledge, specifically in peer-reviewed papers in the large literature databases about those areas," said Max Callaghan, lead author of the study and a researcher at the Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change in Berlin.

"We know that there are kind of inequalities in this global scientific system in terms of resources."

The stark divide in availability of scientific research has been on the radar of climate experts, with major barriers facing global south scientists, such as access to prestigious (and expensive) scientific journals, the lack of time and funding to work on research, and even onerous visa requirements that make it difficult for scientists to attend conferences and meetings in the global north.

Experts warn that the gap might leave developing countries without the means to identify where climate mitigation and adaptation efforts should be directed to prepare for future weather disasters. Good climate science is also needed so that aid money from rich countries to help poor countries address climate change is targeted and spent on the right projects

.
© Denis Farrell/The Associated Press 
Demonstrators show their placards during a climate change protest in South Africa in 2019. Even with relatively little funding for climate science, researchers already know that much of Africa is facing climate change impacts.

Machine learning maps climate impacts


The new study, published this week in Nature Climate Change, used machine learning to examine over 100,000 scientific papers worldwide. The study was conceived as a way to see if machine learning could help the work of the UN's climate science body, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, by making it easier to examine and analyze the thousands of paper scientists currently examine by hand.

The study authors divided the world into smaller grid cells, and calculated the number of climate studies that studied climate impacts in those areas.

They found far more climate studies had been published on impacts in developed countries than developing countries.

For example, nearly 30,000 studies looked at areas in North America. Only 10,000 studies looked at Africa, which has more than double the population.

The researchers then used precipitation and temperature data to determine whether a particular area was experiencing climate change caused by human activity. They found that while three quarters of Africans lived in areas experiencing climate change impacts, only 22 percent of those lived in areas with high levels of scientific research on those impacts.

Canada funding research in global south


A Canadian government agency is working to address this research gap. The International Development Research Centre, a federal crown corporation, funds and promotes scientific research in the global south and has offices in countries like Uruguay, Senegal and India.

In 2019-2020, new projects totalling $166.4 million were funded by the IDRC and its associated donors. The centre puts out calls for proposals for international development research that achieves specific goals, such as climate change adaptation. Researchers and institutions can apply, with the money going to local researchers or collaborations.

Bruce Currie-Alder, the program leader for climate resilience at the IDRC, says while there have been years of conceptual thinking over climate change adaptation, we now need to implement those concepts here in Canada, and everywhere else seeing climate impacts. That's where local climate science becomes very important, to figure out how exactly a particular region needs to adapt.

"It's one thing to say the world is getting warmer. There are certain parts that are drier, there are certain frequency of storms," he said.

"What does that mean in a particular district or state? And that knowledge is absolutely essential."

Barriers facing African researchers

The stark divide in climate science was highlighted by another paper published in September and partly funded by the IDRC that examined funding for research in Africa. It found that a paltry 3.8 per cent of global funding for climate change research is spent on Africa.

Even when it is, the money mostly goes to researchers from the global north. For example, of that small amount of funding for research in Africa, 78 percent went to institutions in Europe and North America. Only 14.5 per cent went to African institutions.

© Nardus Engelbrecht/AP Photo
 Massive waves break on the Sea Point promenade in Cape Town, South Africa, in 2020. Countries in the global south also contain the communities most vulnerable to extreme weather caused by climate change.

Christopher Trisos, a South African co-author of the paper and senior researcher at the African Climate and Development Initiative in Cape Town, says the solution lies not just in increasing funding to African researchers, but also improving the quality of funding.

"For example, increasing direct access and direct control of research, design and resources for African partners when working with researchers from places like Canada or the United States, as opposed to research agendas being set externally," he said.

Trisos also pointed out that African researchers face barriers even trying to access published papers, many of which are in journals behind online paywalls that might be beyond their budgets.

"So publishing more data open access and more scientific publications open access is a big part of the solution there as well," he said.

The paper said that these funding disparities lead to "unequal power dynamics in how climate change research agendas on Africa are shaped by research institutions in Europe and the USA."

One outcome from this is that researchers in developed countries may frame research questions and objectives for a global north audience, rather than provide actionable insights for their local partners to use that research to fight climate change in Africa, the paper warns.

Indigenous knowledge needs to be included


Michele Leone is a senior program specialist at the IDRC's offices in Dakar, Senegal. He is currently working on an IDRC-funded project that examines migration in the region and how it relates to climate and environmental changes on water sources and agricultural productivity.

Leone welcomed the machine learning study but pointed out that the technological method it used is an example of the resource divide between global north and south scientists.

"There is the risk of a kind of a new global divide," he said, "with the rapid, exponentially fast development of artificial intelligence and machine learning tools that have been developed in the north with northern ideas, with northern datasets and northern bias."

Trisos says that it's also important to consider who is regarded as an expert. There are multiple barriers to research that intersect with ethnicity and gender, he says, that hold back certain people and certain forms of knowledge.

"Thankfully, within institutions like the IPCC that has begun to change the authorship, teams are becoming more diverse," Trisos said.

"There's also much more appreciation of not just scientific knowledge, but Indigenous knowledge and local knowledge as holding valuable histories on how people in places are being impacted by climate change."

Even without as much research in the global south, it's clear climate change is affecting people.

"I think it's telling that even with that very small amount of funding and research effort, there are still really strong signals of severe climate change impacts on people's health, on their food security, on the biodiversity in Africa," Trisos said.

"But we would know a lot more if more resources were allocated to the problem."