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The Conversion of Georg Lukács

Born-again communist, Hungarian revolutionary, Marxist heretic — Georg Lukács was condemned from all sides during his time. Perhaps that's why he's perfect for ours.



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Reification in the 21st Century

Lukacs’ Dialectic – the First Hundred Years

2008 is a centenary of sorts for the great Hungarian philosopher George Lukacs (1886-1971). A centenary because a hundred years ago, in Budapest, Lukacs produced his first work, a prize-winning study of German drama. In 1922, following his leading participation in the short-lived Hungarian Soviet Republic, Lukacs published his most influential work, a collection essays entitled History and Class ConsciousnessLukacs’ ‘problematic’ of a reified ‘false’ consciousness – which can only be grasped in relation to its non-reified liberatory alternative – deeply impacted on the philosophers of the 20th Century: especially Adorno, Sartre, Marcuse, Merleau-Ponty, Debord, Edward Said – and maybe even Heidegger. Lukacs continues to engage thinkers in various fields, even if most of them see his socialist “solution” as “class-bound” and therefore historically invalidated by the collapse of the Stalinist system he subsequently embraced and eventually hoped to see reformed democratically.

Reification and hegemony : the politics of culture in the writings of Georg Lukács and Antonio Gramsci, 1918-1938

Creator

Robinson, James.

Contributor

Hellman, John (Supervisor)

Date



Pages

1983



448

Abstract

This study is a comparison of the development of the theories of reification and hegemony in the writings and political activities of Georg Lukacs and Antonio Gramsci during the years from 1918 to 1938. In demonstrating that reification and hegemony were formulated in response to the unsuccessful revolutionary movements in Hungary and Italy of 1919-1920, it becomes evident that the respective theories of Lukacs and Gramsci were meant to constitute critiques of bourgeois cultural domination. Thus, their problematic extends to analyses of more specific issues, such as the role of positivist science as the prevailing "paradigm of rationality" and the instrumental function of "traditional" and "organic intellectuals." The solutions that both theorists sought in order to overcome reification and hegemony are embedded in their neo-Hegelian interpretations of Marxism, where historical materialism is defined as a methodology characterised by its utilisation of the conceptual tools of "dialectic," "totality," and "absolute historicism." However, Lukacs was forced by historical circumstances to retreat into the realm of aesthetics, although he continued the critique of reification by way of his theory of critical realism. Simultaneously, Gramsci began to elaborate more practical solutions to cultural domination through his theory of the "war of position," catharsis, and counter-hegemony.

Subject

Lukács, György, 1885-1971 -- Philosophy.

Gramsci, Antonio, 1891-1937 -- Philosophy.

Politics and culture -- Hungary -- History.

Politics and culture -- Italy -- History.

Degree

Doctor of Philosophy

Department

Department of History.

Rights

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© 2019

JUST RELEASED 


Lukács’s Phenomenology of Capitalism
Reification Revalued



Author: Westerman, Richard

Offers one of the first full-scale accounts of Lukács’s Heidelberg Aesthetics in English. 


Reveals the links between Lukács’s account of society and his philosophy of art. 


Applies Lukács’s thought beyond the paradigm of class conflict, showing what it implies for analysis of human domination of nature, and the notion of rationality as such.

This book offers a radical new interpretation of Georg Lukács’s History and Class Consciousness, showing for the first time how the philosophical framework for his analysis of society was laid in the drafts of a philosophy of art that he planned but never completed before he converted to Marxism. Reading Lukács’s work through the so-called “Heidelberg Aesthetics” reveals for the first time a range of unsuspected influences on his thought, such as Edmund Husserl, Emil Lask, and Alois Riegl; it also offers a theory of subjectivity within social relations that avoids many of the problems of earlier readings of his text. At a time when Lukács’s reputation is once more on the rise, this bold new reading helps revitalize his thought in ways that help it speak to contemporary concerns.


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