Sunday, May 17, 2020

Coronavirus: How face masks are becoming fashionable

Nancy Pelosi wears a mask that matches her pink suit


Image copyrightImage caption
And with masks advised for the foreseeable future, people are finding ways to incorporate them into their outfits.

"Everyone is on it right now including designers. It is a necessary fashion statement right now," says Angel Obasi who runs the Instagram account Styleconnaisseur.
Ms Obasi posted images of a matching mask and suit outfit she wore to a Zoom wedding when the pandemic began. More than 100,000 people liked the images of her outfit on Twitter.
She told the BBC that she has worn the mask several times as it is "best for my style and obviously for keeping safe".
Ms Obasi isn't the only person ensuring she remains safe and fashionable. High-profile figures have also started to match their masks to their outfits.
Speaker of the House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, was dubbed "Leader of the House Majority, and of mask-to-pantsuit colour coordination" by Hillary Clinton on
 Thursday.
Ms Pelosi has sported a number of matching ensembles over the past month.
 Pelosi has sported a number of matching ensembles over the past month.





Slovakia's President Zuzana Caputova wears a protective face mask and poses for a photo with new members of the Slovak governmentImage copyrightREUTERS
Image captionSlovakia's President Zuzana Caputova (centre) has worn masks that match her outfits when out in public

President of Slovakia Zuzana Caputova received praise online for her matching mask ensemble which was dubbed by one social media user as "modern day corona".
With the trend rising, many fashion designers are taking note and now creating their own matching outfits. Givenchy even released their own mask and cap combo. However it will set you back £425 (£514).
One designer in Italy hit the headlines this month when she created the trikini - a matching bikini and face mask set.
Tiziana Scaramuzzo, owner of Elexia Beachwear, said she created the trikini as a joke but after she posted images of the set to social media, she was inundated with orders.
Room Shop Vintage in the US started selling matching mask and top sets when their head of manufacturing sent over images of a sample.
"Seeing the samples really sparked something in me and that is when we went forward with the idea," Shelly Horst co-founder of Room Shop Vintage told the BBC.
"The reception to our matching top/mask set has been really great. Our customers love a matching look. Having a mask that matches their top makes the mask more fun and whimsical to wear, something that is important in such as serious, scary time."
She said she expected the trend to continue.
"Going forward people will need multiple masks in rotation especially as things begin to open back up. Having a mask that matches exactly is a fun fashion move, but matching through colour stories will start to happen as well. Considering what mask to wear will become a part of planning an outfit."


It's not just matching sets that are becoming popular. Other designers are making masks as glamorous as possible, rhinestones and all.





Sefiya Sjejomaoh wears a diamante face maskImage copyrightREUTERS
Image captionSefiya Sjejomaoh makes colourful masks to match her personality

Sefiya Sjejomaoh told Reuters news agency that the pandemic should not get in the way of her sense of style.
"When you come out in a stylish mask or with an accessory such as this, it doesn't seem as though we're fighting a war.
"It seems more fun," she said.


How the Fashionable Face the New Coronavirus
May 15, 2020



In this Wednesday, April 15, 2020, photo, fashion designer Do Quyen Hoa shows off an embroidery face mask at her studio in Hanoi, Vietnam. The collection of face masks adorned with Vietnamese hand embroideries was created as the world is fighting against

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How the Fashionable Face New Coronavirus
by VOA


Many people around the world now wear masks, covers for their nose and mouth, when they go out in public. You see masks on people walking their dogs, buying food, riding bicycles and working at their jobs.

FILE PHOTO: A woman wearing a protective mask rides her bicycle during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in Brussels, Belgium April 16, 2020. REUTERS/Francois Lenoir/File Photo

In many places the masks are required by law as a measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19. But commercial masks are in short supply. Most people agree that those rare objects should go to health care professionals and others on the so-called front lines of the fight against coronavirus.

So, mask-making has gotten more personal for the rest of us and more creative in design, as a result. It seems masks are becoming the fashion statement of 2020.

A street vendor wearing a face mask poses outside the central market in San Salvador on May 6, 2020, amid the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. (Photo by Yuri CORTEZ / AFP)

The online news media site Insider recently published photos of 17 of the most creative masks it found around the world. Many of the mask makers are artists, but not all. The photos include a knitted piece of pink and red from Icelandic-based cloth artist, Ýrúrarí. It is a large mask made to look like a big mouth with a long pink tongue hanging out.

The report also shows a smart design from leather worker Anissa Mekrabech of France. She created a mask with see-through material over the mouth. It permits people who read lips, because they can not hear, to continue to communicate during the pandemic

Some of the masks among the photos are beautiful. Some artists made masks covered in shiny, colorful jewels or mirror-like material. Another uses paint to create bright pictures on paper masks. A few of the masks are made of plastic and other waste material found on the street. One clothing designer even made a special mask to go with wedding clothes.

Fashion designer and tailor Friederike Jorzig presents a face mask for wedding dresses in her shop 'Chiton', as the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues in Berlin, Germany, March 31, 2020. REUTERS/Fabrizio Bensch

Masks could be new little black dress

We might be covering our faces and mouths for quite a while. And not just for COVID-19. There are lots of possible viruses ahead. And there is air pollution and toxic dust, allergies and bad smells. So, are masks our fashion forward look?

Kenyan fashion designer Ruth Martin fits a protective face mask as part of her latest creation inside her studio, as a measure to stem the growing spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, in downtown Nairobi, Kenya April 9, 2020. REUTERS/Nje

Fashion bible Vogue seems to think it might. On May 5, it published 92 Cloth Masks To Shop Now. Writer Sarah Spelling notes that that mask cover a large part of the face. So, she writes, it is not surprising people are looking for masks that look good. And the story directs readers how and where to buy them.

And, in Lithuania this week, Reuters reported on a special fashion show held in the capital, Vilnius. There were no live models or crowds around a runway. Instead, the city celebrated creative face covers in photographs on 21 huge signs around town. The billboards show men, women and children wearing masks as part of a so-called “Mask Fashion Week.”

A bicyclist rides next to a billboard, a part of a "Mask Fashion Week" during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak in Vilnius, Lithuania May 5, 2020. REUTERS/Andrius Sytas



Those shown in the photos include local artists, musicians, and other townspeople chosen at random. Even the mayor of the city is captured on a Mask Fashion Week sign.

Members of a local Facebook group called Mask Your Fashion chose the masks for the signs. Designer Julija Janus established the group to share new designs for masks and advice on how to make them at home.

“A mask is a good way to display your creativity, to express yourself. And it’s a good activity to do when you’re sitting at home with the kids”, said Janus.

Mask or no mask

An anti-government protester wearing a mask to help curb the spread of the coronavirus with Arabic that reads, "Revolution," attends a protest against the deepening financial crisis, in Beirut, Lebanon, Monday, April 27, 2020. Photo: AP

Masks can also be used, or not used, to make political or cultural statements. President Trump does not wear one, so far. He has said he does not think a mask would send the right message when he meets with world leaders. He also suggested his wearing one might cause unease among the American public.

But some people have criticized his lack of mask use in public. They argue the decision belittles the seriousness of the pandemic. And last month, Trump’s vice-president Mike Pence was denounced by many for not wearing a mask when he visited with a COVID-19 patient at the Mayo Clinic, a famous medical center in the American state of Minnesota.

Vice President Mike Pence visits the molecular testing lab at Mayo Clinic Tuesday, April 28, 2020, in Rochester, Minn., where he toured the facilities supporting COVID-19 research and treatment. Pence chose not to wear a face mask while touring the…

Pence later said he should have worn a mask at Mayo. And he put on a mask two days after for a visit to an American automobile factory.


I’m Caty Weaver=

Caty Weaver wrote this story for VOA Learning English, with reports from Associated Press, Reuters and others sources. Hai Do was the editor


Face mask fashionistas get creative in the age of coronavirus

Barbara Goldberg 
HEALTH NEWS APRIL 22, 2020 




FILE PHOTO: A woman wears a Wonder Woman mask as she waits in line at a Los Angeles Food Bank drive-through food giveaway as the global outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) continues, in Los Angeles, California, U.S., April 21, 2020. REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson/File Photo

NEW YORK (Reuters) - In the weeks since the coronavirus pandemic put the world into a tailspin, the humble face mask has evolved into an American fashion statement.

Now available in a myriad of styles and patterns, the now-ubiquitous facial covering has quickly replaced the T-shirt as the coolest way for nearly anyone - from firefighters and National Basketball Association fans to punk rockers and cat lovers - to tell the world about what they love. “People are getting creative with these masks. I love the individuality,” said Johnny Pisano, a touring musician who has added masks to a line of T-shirts he sells online to his fans. His masks feature an image of Pisano performing his signature stage move - leaping into a split while playing bass guitar.In the United States, 55% of adults reported wearing masks out in public, according to an ABC/Ipsos survey released on April 10.

They are now mandatory in many U.S. grocery stores, doctors’ offices and wine shops, and many are following official orders to wear a mask when they leave home and cannot maintain social distancing to avoid disease spread.


The Custom Shop in Glastonbury, Connecticut, a drapery and upholstery workroom shut down by the pandemic, is helping to fill the new demand by using its fabrics to make masks.Requests have come in for flame-patterned fabrics for firefighters, lighthouses for nearby Lighthouse Surgery Center, and kittens for cat lovers, said shop manager Jose Moncada.

Even the NBA and Women’s National Basketball Association have officially begun selling cloth face coverings sporting logos from all 30 men’s teams and all 12 women’s teams for $15, promising proceeds will benefit Feeding America in the United States and Second Harvest in Canada.

If the mask rule stretches into the fall fashion season in New York, the pandemic epicenter as well as the nation’s trend-setting capital, some commentators expect coronavirus couture to go entirely black, a color favored by the city’s arbiters of taste.


Others predict the hottest masks in these unpredictable times will restore the idea that bright is beautiful, catching looks with flowery fabrics, python skins and trendy logos.”It’s a little power moment. Masks are going to be that powerful health accessory that adds to your total look,” said Avril Graham, executive fashion and beauty editor at Harper’s Bazaar.”You might even be having evening, glamorous masks made to accessorize a gown or cocktail dress. Because there will be social distancing for months to come,” Graham said.

Back in Brooklyn, Pisano the bass player has plans for 150 custom-made masks to sell on Etsy.com, inspired by Facebook fans who posted pictures of themselves in similar homemade masks. His leaping bass player logo helps him sell about 100 of his commemorative items a year, most of them T-shirts. But citing his “New York street-sense,” he sees only a limited window for masks to do good and a time ahead when they are used for more traditional or sinister purposes.”Right now, because of how it is, everything is cool. I’m just afraid when it’s over - and they want to rob your house,” Pisano said.

(This story corrects spelling of “ubiquitous” in second paragraph)

I admit I have a hard time spelling it too.









RACISM USA
Georgia rally for slain black jogger calls for removing district attorneys


Rich McKay, Brendan O'Brien

ATLANTA (Reuters) - Protesters on Saturday demanded the removal of two district attorneys accused of dragging their feet in arresting two white men suspected in the shooting death of a young black jogger in the Brunswick, Georgia area.



FILE PHOTO: Supporters of the Georgia NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) wearing protective masks protest after the death in February of Ahmaud Arbery, an unarmed young black man shot after being chased by a white former law enforcement officer and his son, at the Glynn County Courthouse in Brunswick, Georgia, U.S., May 8, 2020. REUTERS/Dustin Chambers/File Photo

Speeches rang out from the steps of the small coastal community’s courthouse during a rally that drew hundreds outraged by the video of the killing of Ahmaud Arbery, 25. Activists saw his death as the latest U.S. case of white perpetrators killing a black man and going unpunished. The father-and-son suspects were not arrested until weeks after the shooting, and just days after the video surfaced online.

Some of the protesters made a four-hour trek from Atlanta on Saturday morning. They chanted “Justice of Ahmaud” and “I am Ahmaud,” and also wore T-shirts memorializing Arbery. Local clergy led prayers for his family members, some of whom attended the rally.

“Ahmaud’s death won’t be in vain,” his aunt Thea Brooks said on the steps of the Glynn County Courthouse as other family members stood next to her. “We are going to fight for Ahmaud. We are going to get answers when it comes down to justice for Ahmaud.”

Speakers told the crowd that Jackie Johnson and George Barnhill - the district attorneys for the Brunswick and Waycross judicial circuits - must be removed from office for their handling of the case. It took 74 days after the shooting for the suspects to be arrested and charged.

“Racism is real in America and racism is real in Brunswick, Georgia and we come today to send a message to the racists and the supremacist that we will fight you with everything that we have,” said Rev. Timothy McDonald, the pastor of First Iconium Baptist Church in Atlanta said.


Atlanta civil rights attorney Mawuli Davis, 51, one of the organizers of the demonstration, said the case reflects a U.S. justice system that is biased in favor of whites.

“If it wasn’t for the video, this would have been swept under the rug,” he said in a Reuters interview on Friday.

The suspects, former police officer Gregory McMichael, 64, and his son Travis, 34, were ultimately arrested and charged on May 7 with aggravated assault and murder, after the Georgia Bureau of Investigation began to probe the case.

Last week, Georgia Attorney General Chris Carr asked the U.S. Justice Department to open a probe into how the case was handled by Johnson and Barnhill as well as the Glynn County Police Department.

According to Carr, both prosecutors recused themselves from the investigation. One of them, the Waycross district attorney, had provided police with a written opinion that no arrests should be made in connection with the Feb. 23 shooting.

Both defendants remain in jail without bond and have yet to enter a plea. No court date has been set yet.

The U.S. Department of Justice is investigating why charges were not brought sooner and whether to charge the suspects with federal hate crimes.

The elder McMichael’s attorneys, Franklin and Laura Hogue, said in a statement there had been a rush to judgment before the “full story” was known. His son’s lawyer, Bob Rubin, said in a news release that “Travis has been vilified before his voice could even be heard.”
Reporting by Rich McKay and Brendan O'Brien; Editing by Daniel Wallis and David Gregorio
WHO head says vaccines, medicines must be fairly shared to beat COVID-19
(Reuters) -
Scientists and researchers are working at “breakneck” speed to find solutions for COVID-19 but the pandemic can only be beaten with equitable distribution of medicines and vaccines, the head of the World Health Organization said on Friday.
"Traditional market models will not deliver at the scale needed to cover the entire globe,” 
WHO Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus told a briefing in Geneva.

Global virus vaccine race heats up, but not without controversy



AFP/File / NICOLAS ASFOURIGovernments and private companies around the world -- like Sinovac Biotech in Beijing, seen here -- are working to develop a vaccine for the novel coronavirus

Global tensions simmered over the race for a coronavirus vaccine Thursday, as the United States and China traded jabs, and France slammed pharmaceuticals giant Sanofi for suggesting the US would get any eventual vaccine first.

Scientists are working at breakneck speed to develop a vaccine for COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus, which has killed more than 300,000 people worldwide and pummelled economies.

From the US to Europe to Asia, national and local governments are easing lockdown orders to get people back to work -- while fretting over a possible second wave of infections.

Increased freedom of movement means an increased risk of contracting the virus, and so national labs and private firms are laboring to find the right formula for a vaccine.

The European Union's medicines agency offered some hope when it said one could be ready in a year, based on data from clinical trials already underway.

But Marco Cavaleri, the EMA's head of vaccines strategy, acknowledged that timeline was a "best-case scenario," and cautioned that "there may be delays."



AFP / MANDEL NGANUS President Donald Trump -- seen here visiting a medical supply distributor in Pennsylvania on May 14, 2020 -- has ratcheted up the rhetoric against China, after two US agencies accused Chinese hackers of trying to steal vaccine research

The race for a vaccine has exposed a raw nerve in relations between the United States and China, where the virus was first detected late last year in the central city of Wuhan.

Two US agencies warned Wednesday that Chinese hackers were trying to steal COVID-19 vaccine research -- a claim Beijing rejected as "smearing" its reputation.

US President Donald Trump, who has ratcheted up the rhetoric against China, said he doesn't even want to engage with Chinese leader Xi Jinping -- potentially imperiling a trade deal between the world's top two economies.

"I'm very disappointed in China. I will tell you that right now," he said in an interview with Fox Business.

"There are many things we could do. We could do things. We could cut off the whole relationship."

- 'Darkest winter' -




POOL/AFP / SHAWN THEW


Rick Bright, who was removed last month as head of the US agency charged with developing a coronavirus vaccine, says the government of President Donald Trump has no "master plan" to find a vaccine

On Capitol Hill, an ousted US health official told Congress that the Trump government had no strategy in place to find and distribute a vaccine to millions of Americans, warning of the "darkest winter" ahead.

"We don't have a single point of leadership right now for this response, and we don't have a master plan," said Rick Bright, who was removed last month as head of the US agency charged with developing a coronavirus vaccine.

The United States has registered nearly 86,000 deaths linked to COVID-19 -- the highest toll of any nation.


- France miffed at Sanofi -

World leaders were among 140 signatories to a letter published Thursday saying any vaccine should not be patented and that the science should be shared among nations.

"Governments and international partners must unite around a global guarantee which ensures that, when a safe and effective vaccine is developed, it is produced rapidly at scale and made available for all people, in all countries, free of charge," it said.


AFP/File / ERIC PIERMONT
France is angry after homegrown pharmaceutical giant Sanofi said any eventual coronavirus vaccine would go first to the United States

But a row erupted in France after drugmaker Sanofi said it would reserve first shipments of any vaccine it discovered to the United States.

The comments prompted a swift rebuke from the French government -- President Emmanuel Macron's office said any vaccine should be treated as "a global public good, which is not submitted to market forces."

Sanofi chief executive Paul Hudson said the US had a risk-sharing model that allowed for manufacturing to start before a vaccine had been finally approved -- while Europe did not.

"The US government has the right to the largest pre-order because it's invested in taking the risk," Hudson told Bloomberg News.

Macron's top officials are scheduled to meet with Sanofi executives about the issue next week.


AFP / PATRICK HERTZOG
The World Health Organization has warned that the coronavirus may never fade away -- here, a French patient infected with COVID-19 is transferred back to intensive care in a Mulhouse hospital after his condition worsened

The search for a vaccine became even more urgent after the World Health Organization said the disease may never go away and the world would have to learn to live with it for good.

"This virus may become just another endemic virus in our communities and this virus may never go away," said Michael Ryan, the UN body's emergencies director.

- US jobless claims rise -



AFP /Unemployment claims in the US

The prospect of the disease lingering leaves governments facing a delicate balancing act between suppressing the pathogen and getting their economies up and running.

In the US, more grim economic data emerged Thursday, with nearly three million more Americans applying for unemployment benefits.

That takes the overall total to 36.5 million -- more than 10 percent of the US population.

Further signs of the damage to businesses emerged when Lloyd's of London forecast the pandemic will cost the global insurance industry about $203 billion.

European markets closed down, but Wall Street rallied despite the new jobless claims. In a sign of progress, the New York Stock Exchange trading floor was due to reopen on May 26.

- A move to reopen -


AFP / SIMON MAINA
In Nairobi, public transport is operational, but passengers walk through a disinfectant tunnel as they prepare to board a commuter train at the main railway station before curfew

The reopening of economies continued in earnest across Europe, where the EU has set out proposals for a phased restart of travel and the eventual lifting of border controls.

"Maybe it's a mistake, but we have no choice. Without tourists, we won't get by!" Enrico Facchetti, a 61-year-old former goldsmith, said of Venice's reopening.

Japan -- the world's third largest economy -- lifted a state of emergency across most of the country except for Tokyo and Osaka.

And Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said national parks would partially reopen on June 1.

AFP / MARTIN BERNETTI
Aerial view of graves dug at the General Cemetery in the Chilean capital Santiago, which is on full lockdown after a massive spike in the infection rate

But in Latin America the virus continued to surge, with a 60 percent leap in cases in the Chilean capital of Santiago.

Authorities said 2,000 new graves were being dug at the main cemetery.

South Sudan reported its first COVID-19 death on Thursday.

And in Bangladesh, the first case was confirmed in the teeming Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh, which are home to nearly one million people.

burs-sst/acb
Deadly Rio police raid brings crowds into streets of quarantined

Ricardo Moraes

(This May 15 story corrects to read the byline as Ricardo Moraes without accent)



Residents react after a police operation against drug gangs at the Alemao slums complex in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil May 15, 2020. REUTERS/Ricardo Moraes

RIO DE JANEIRO (Reuters) - A deadly police raid in Rio de Janeiro on suspected drug traffickers on Friday morning drew crowds into the streets of a neighborhood under quarantine, provoking criticism from residents and activists.

According to a Reuters witness and media reports, heavily armed police entered Rio’s “favela” shantytown known as Complexo do Alemao and killed at least 10 people. Police said they came under grenade and gunfire attack, a common occurrence in areas controlled by drug gangs.

When a Reuters photographer arrived shortly afterward, residents had carried five bodies to the entrance of the favela. Dozens of people, most of whom had no masks or any other protective equipment, were gathered in a tight intersection under a drizzle. Acquaintances and family members of the dead embraced and consoled one another.

“Social distancing? For who?” asked Fábio Felix, a left-wing lawmaker, on Twitter. “It’s incredible that the lives of the poor aren’t worth anything, even during a pandemic!”

Police said in a statement the incident would be reviewed by homicide detectives, following standard practice. The police said they came under heavy grenade and gunfire attack several times while in Complexo do Alemao, and recovered dozens of high-powered weapons. One police officer was injured.

Several residents complained that the government was offering little aid to contain the novel coronavirus, but was still engaging in violent police operations that risked spreading the virus through low-income communities.

The city of Rio had registered 1,509 deaths from the coronavirus and 11,264 confirmed cases by Thursday evening, according to municipal authorities, who say those figures are likely undercounting the outbreak due to a lack of testing.

Police violence has been rising rapidly in Brazil, where authorities including President Jair Bolsonaro have encouraged police to kill more. In violent Rio, police killed 1,810 people in 2019, the highest number since record keeping began in 1998.

“Within and outside the context of a pandemic, we demand that public security authorities respect human rights while policing,” the Brazilian office of Amnesty International said on Twitter.
Canada's Trudeau to look at possible further aid for airlines, after Air Canada layoffs
Rod Nickel

WINNIPEG, Manitoba (Reuters) - Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said on Saturday he would look at possible ways to help airlines further, but laid out no new measures after the country’s biggest airline announced mass layoffs due to the coronavirus pandemic.

Air Canada said on Friday it would cut its workforce by up to 60% as the airline tries to save cash amid the COVID-19 pandemic and adjust to a lower level of traffic.

“This pandemic has hit extremely hard on travel industries and on the airlines particularly,” Trudeau said in a briefing in Ottawa. “That’s why we’re going to keep working with airlines, including Air Canada, to see how we can help even more.”

Canada has already put in place a wage subsidy to try to keep more Canadian workers on payrolls, and recently announced loans for large employers.

Trudeau sidestepped questions about whether his government may take an equity stake in Air Canada to help it survive, and whether its layoffs suggest the wage subsidy is not working.

Restoring demand for flights is likely to take years, John Gradek, lecturer at McGill University’s Global Aviation Leadership Program, told CBC News.

“My interpretation is that Air Canada is playing hardball with the government, indicating that ... the industry is going to need billions.”

Asked why Air Canada did not use the government’s wage subsidy instead of issuing layoffs, a representative of the airline repeated a statement that normal traffic levels “will not be returning anytime soon.”

Exclusive: FBI probes Mexican, European firms over Venezuela oil trading - sources


(This May 13 story corrects to add denial from Elemento’s lawyer provided to Reuters after May 13 story was published and specifics relating to the trading activity of some of the firms)


Oilfield workers hold a flag with the corporate logo of Venezuela's state oil company PDVSA, in a drilling rig at an oil well operated by them, in the oil rich Orinoco belt, April 16, 2015. REUTERS/Carlos Garcia Rawlins

By Marianna Parraga, Matt Spetalnick and Ana Isabel Martinez

MEXICO CITY/WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The FBI is probing several Mexican and European companies allegedly involved in trading Venezuelan oil as it gathers information for a U.S. Treasury Department inquiry into possible sanctions busting, according to four people familiar with the matter.

U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and special envoy for Venezuela Elliott Abrams told reporters late last month the State and Treasury departments were investigating whether several firms were violating sanctions imposed on Venezuela’s state oil company PDVSA since January 2019.

The sanctions are part of a campaign by Washington to strangle the revenues of President Nicolas Maduro, which has failed to break his grip on power. U.S. officials say privately that is a source of frustration for President Donald Trump, whose administration has tightened the implementation of sanctions in recent months.

Three of the people who provided information to the FBI - who asked for anonymity to discuss the matter - said the agency was investigating three Mexican companies: Libre Abordo, Schlager Business Group, and Grupo Jomadi Logistics & Cargo.

Reuters could find no record of Venezuelan oil purchases by those companies prior to sanctions.

The three people also said the FBI was gathering information on two Europe-based oil trading companies that do have a track record of dealing in Venezuelan oil or selling fuel to PDVSA: Elemento Ltd and Swissoil Trading SA.

One of the sources familiar with the matter in Washington said any action against the Mexican and European companies could be postponed or cancelled if the firms had already halted trade with Venezuela.

The three others said the probe by the Treasury and the State departments could potentially lead to action in the coming weeks if they discovered a violation of sanctions.

A spokesman for the U.S. Department of Justice, which handles media enquiries for the FBI, declined to comment, as did a State Department spokesperson. The Treasury Department did not reply to a request for comment.

Emails and phone calls seeking comment from Swissoil went unanswered. Emails sent to an address on Jomadi’s website bounced back.

Law firm Holman, Fenwick & Willan (HFW), representing Elemento, said in a letter to Reuters after this story was published on May 13 that its client “is not aware of any investigations into it or its business” by the FBI, the U.S. Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) or any other body.

“Our client does not currently trade oil of Venezuela origin or sell fuel to PDVSA,” it said, adding that Elemento does not have any intention of doing so in the future. “Our client goes to great lengths to ensure that its business activities comply with applicable rules, regulations and sanctions, including obtaining legal advice.”

Elemento and its lawyers did not respond to requests for comment prior to publication of the May 13 story.


In a lawsuit in January 2020 in a British court, Tansy Shiptrade Inc alleged Elemento had used its name without permission to load a cargo of about 2 million barrels of Venezuelan crude in December 2019, according to a judge’s ruling refusing Elemento’s request to be allowed to sell the oil.

The judgement said Elemento had admitted using Tansy’s name to receive the cargo but that Elemento had said it had permission to do so and had asserted that Swissoil had acted as its agent in the trade.

According to the judge’s ruling, Richard Rothenberg, Elemento’s chief financial officer, said in an affidavit that between 2016 and 2019 the firm carried out Venezuela-related trades as part of an agreement with U.S.-based Castleton Commodities International (CCI).

While CCI ceased its involvement due to U.S. sanctions imposed on Venezuela in early 2019, Elemento did 13 more trades on its own after that date, Rothenberg said, according to the ruling. He did not provide dates for the trades.

Reuters was unable to immediately reach Rothenberg for comment. CCI said Elemento was its counterparty on petroleum trades until early 2019, but the U.S. commodities firm said it ceased its trading participation before the January 2019 sanctions on PDVSA.

Reuters could not establish subsequent trading in Venezuelan oil by Elemento and Swissoil following the disputed cargo, aboard Liberia-flagged tanker Respect.


OIL FOR FOOD

Libre Abordo and its affiliate Schlager said in a statement to Reuters, citing legal experts they hired, that two contracts they signed in June 2019 with Venezuela’s Corporation for Foreign Trade (Corpovex) to provide food and water trucks in exchange for Venezuelan crude - known as an oil-for-food agreement - were permitted under the sanctions as long as no cash payment reached Maduro’s government.

“Neither Libre Abordo nor shipping companies hired to move PDVSA’s hydrocarbons are the subject of sanctions,” read the statement.

The firms declined to identify the legal experts but provided Reuters with their interpretation of Venezuela sanctions, which the companies said they sent to several shipping firms and other partners.

The undated memorandum said the oil-for-food deal did not contravene U.S. measures because Corpovex was not specifically named on the Treasury Department’s list of sanctioned people and entities, unlike PDVSA, and because there were exceptions under the sanctions for humanitarian goods.

Neither Corpovex, PDVSA nor Venezuela’s trade ministry responded to requests for comment.

VENEZUELA RELIANT ON SWAP DEALS


The two small Mexican companies have emerged as the largest middlemen for Venezuelan oil in recent months, according to internal PDVSA export documents, reviewed by Reuters.

OPEC member Venezuela has come to rely on trading oil and gold to pay for essential imports using complicated swap agreements because Washington’s sanctions bar Maduro’s government from using the U.S. financial system.

The PDVSA export documents show that Libre Abordo and Schlager have quickly ramped up trading of Venezuelan oil since receiving a first cargo in December, after a second wave of U.S. sanctions in August 2019 barred non-U.S. oil companies from doing business with PDVSA.

These secondary sanctions blocked the U.S. property of anyone worldwide “materially assisting” Venezuela’s government, including PDVSA and other governmental bodies - though it did not specifically name Corpovex. While the measures permitted shipments of food, clothing and medicines, none of the Venezuela-related executive orders issued by Trump specifically allowed oil-for-food agreements.

Whether that ambiguity potentially has created a loophole for companies is a matter of disagreement, some experts said.

Richard Nephew, a senior researcher at Columbia University’s Center on Global Energy Policy and a former State Department official dealing with sanctions policy toward Iran, said that while food deals were permitted under sanctions there was no special dispensation for them to be paid for in oil and the involvement of PDVSA could still prompt Treasury to take action.

However, Peter Harrell, an expert on sanctions at the Center for a New American Security (CNAS), said that in oil-for-food swaps the companies ultimately supplying the food could be protected from sanctions provided they had no role in physically receiving, transporting or selling the oil.

Harrell added that some U.S. policymakers might be reluctant to impose sanctions on companies involved in a deal to supply basic goods to a nation suffering a humanitarian crisis.

“Policymakers will be concerned that sanctioning an oil for food barter would play into a...narrative that U.S. sanctions are causing humanitarian challenges in Venezuela,” Harrell said.
DECISIONS ON SANCTIONS

The third Mexican company, Grupo Jomadi, held talks with PDVSA to swap 5 million barrels of Venezuelan crude for imports of gasoline, according to an unsigned contract dated in March reviewed by Reuters. Venezuela’s refineries have long been crippled by outages, and the country has suffered dire shortages of fuels since the sanctions were imposed.

Two sources told Reuters that Jomadi may have reached an agreement on the swap deal as a crude cargo that departed from Venezuela in April appeared to form part of it, according to the initial information collected by U.S. authorities. Neither Jomadi nor PDVSA responded to requests for comment.

Reuters was unable to independently confirm if the swap deal took place.

While the FBI’s principal focus is on domestic intelligence and security, its agents also carry out overseas investigations to aid decisions on sanctions by the Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Control, which often also seeks input from the State and Commerce departments, U.S. embassies and the intelligence community.

Libre Abordo and Schlager’s oil-for-food deals with Venezuela obliged them to deliver 1,000 water trucks and 210,000 tonnes of corn to the country, the companies said. While some of the trucks have been delivered, the firms said they have not so far supplied any of the food as low oil prices have affected the original delivery schedule.


In exchange, they have so far received more than 26 million barrels of Venezuelan oil for resale, according to PDVSA’s export documents.

In just four months, Libre Abordo and Schlager increased their intake of PDVSA’s oil from less than 3% to 39% of the Venezuelan company’s total exports, which averaged 850,000 barrels per day in April.

The agreements threw a lifeline to Maduro, whose administration is struggling to afford imports of everything from food to medicine and industrial equipment.


Reporting by Marianna Parraga, Adriana Barrera and Ana Isabel Martinez in Mexico City, and Matt Spetalnick in Washington; Additional reporting by Sarah Lynch, Daphne Psaledakis, Gary McWilliams and Deisy Buitrago; Editing by Daniel Flynn and Daniel Wallis

Spain plans last emergency decree extension as protests break out


Silvio Castellanos, Guillermo Martinez

MADRID (Reuters) - Spain’s government will seek to extend its coronavirus state of emergency one last time until late June, Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez said on Saturday as anti-government protests broke out around the hard-hit country.

A man wearing a protective face mask and a Spanish flag marches and bangs saucepan lids as he attends a protest against the Spanish government's handling of the coronavirus crisis in Madrid, Spain May 16, 2020. REUTERS/Susana Vera

“The path that we are taking is the only one possible,” Sanchez told a news conference, saying he would ask parliament for an extension of about a month until the end of June when most of the nation should be returning to normality.

Spain first decreed a state of emergency on March 14. Officials say that while the outbreak has been brought largely under control, restrictions must stay in place a bit longer as the lockdown is gradually phased out.

The country’s COVID-19 death toll rose by 102 to 27,563 on Saturday, the lowest 24-hour increase since March 18. Confirmed coronavirus cases climbed to 230,698 from 230,183, the health ministry said.

After pushing four previous extensions through parliament, support for Sanchez’s left-wing coalition is waning among lawmakers and voters.

VIVA ESPAÑA!

Protests against the government’s handling of the crisis and its economic fallout sprang up around Spain on Saturday, with demonstrators gathering to bang pots and pans and call for the government to resign.
At  At the largest such demonstration, in Madrid’s wealthy Salamanca neighbourhood, several hundred people congregated despite the efforts of police to enforce social-distancing.

Waving Spanish flags and crying “viva España!” some denounced the leftist government as communists seeking to ruin the country.

“I am against all the measures which this government has used to manage the coronavirus,” Jose Flores, a banker, told Reuters at the protest.


In one video shared widely on social media, a huge banner depicting Sanchez’s face with the word “obey” emblazoned underneath was unfurled from a Madrid tower block.

“They need to test everybody so healthy people can get back to work and we can restart the economy,” said another demonstrator in Salamanca who gave his name only as Carlos.

“After coronavirus the worst virus is going to be the virus of Pedro and Pablo, who are going to ruin 47 million Spaniards,” he said, referring to Sanchez and his deputy, far-left politician Pablo Iglesias.

Similar protests took place in Zaragoza and the southern city of Seville, until recently a Socialist Party stronghold.

“It doesn’t matter what the demonstrations are about. The important thing is to maintain social distancing,” Sanchez said.


Additional reporting by Susana Vera; Writing by Graham Keeley and Nathan Allen; Editing by Helen Popper and Daniel Wallis
Japan COVID-19 doctors lack fresh masks, hazard pay-union survey

TOKYO (Reuters) - Japanese hospital doctors on the front line of the COVID-19 pandemic face tough working conditions, with many reusing masks and few getting hazard pay, a survey by a labour union showed.

The survey of about 170 doctors, conducted online from late April through May 6, found three-quarters said they were ordered to work on the coronavirus front line, while four-fifths said they receive no hazard allowance for the work.

In the global scramble for protective gear and medical equipment, some Japanese doctors and other experts say there has been a failure by the national and some local governments to provide adequate financial assistance and protective gear to hospitals and medical staff.

The survey by the Zenkoku Ishi Union, posted on its website on Friday, found nearly 70% of doctors saying the government is failing to handle the situation properly.


An official at Japan’s health ministry said no one was available on Sunday to comment on the survey’s findings.

The survey found 31% of doctors reusing N95 respirator masks, which are essential for protecting healthcare workers from contagion and meant to be discarded immediately, with some using the masks indefinitely.

One doctor reported using “the same mask until the ear bands break.”


Prime Minister Shinzo Abe lifted his state of emergency for 39 of Japan’s 47 prefectures on Thursday, easing curbs on 54% of the population. The greater Tokyo area, accounting for one-third of the nation’s economy, and other major cities remain under restrictions.

Japan has reported some 16,300 cases of the coronavirus, not counting infections on a cruise ship that was quarantined in Yokohama port early this year, and 748 deaths from COVID-19, the disease caused by the virus, according to public broadcaster NHK.


Reporting by Makiko Yamazaki; Editing by William Mallard