CRIMINAL CAPITALI$M

UN agency hit with fraud and corruption allegations at climate projects
Financial Times 

The United Nations Development Programme is facing several allegations of fraud and corruption linked to the multibillion-dollar Global Environment Facility, according to documents seen by the Financial Times.  

  

© Provided by National Post 

The United Nations logo at the organization's headquarters in New York.

A copy of a draft report by UNDP’s office of audit and investigations, dated November 2020, described “financial misstatements” worth millions of dollars across UNDP’s portfolio of GEF-funded projects around the world.

The report highlighted problems including signs of “fraudulent activities” at two country offices and “suspicions of collusion among the various project managers” at another, without naming the countries.

“Issues identified by the audit could seriously compromise the achievement of the objectives of the audited entity,” the report said.

The GEF was set up in 1991 as part of the World Bank to help fight environmental challenges such as deforestation, species conservation and pollution. It has since split out to become an independent organization and disbursed more than $21 billion in 170 countries, including $7 billion in projects managed by the UNDP.

The audit of the UNDP’s GEF-funded projects — which covers 2018 and 2019 and is the first review of its kind since 2013 — comes against a backdrop of rising concern from some donor countries over management and oversight issues at the UNDP.

An investigation by Foreign Policy in 2019 published whistleblower accounts alleging the misappropriation of millions of dollars at a UNDP-run GEF project in Russia. Twelve donor countries — including the U.S., France, Australia and Japan — have since sought an independent review of the UNDP’s handling of that project, according to a letter seen by the FT.

“Matters of misconduct and misappropriation of funds continue to obstruct sustainable development across the world,” the donors said in March in the letter to Achim Steiner, the UNDP administrator since 2017.

In a written response to the FT, the UNDP said it “takes all cases of financial mismanagement and other irregularities extremely seriously”, adding that its GEF projects were some of the organization’s “most closely monitored”.

“The portfolio, the majority of which is implemented by national and subnational institutions, civil society organizations as well as other UN organizations, is subject to an intricate system of regular reviews, independent assessments and audits,” the UNDP said.

While there have been “allegations of misuse of funds” at certain projects, such complaints affected “a tiny fraction — 1.4 per cent” of the UNDP’s GEF-funded portfolio, it added. The GEF did not respond to a request to comment for this article.

Other project audits from independent consultants as well as written complaints from current and former UNDP staff, all seen by the FT, suggest that concerns over alleged financial misconduct and poor oversight at the UNDP may be widespread.

“What happened in Russia is a Russian problem. But things going wrong are very common,” said Frank Klinckenberg, a European environmental expert who has reviewed GEF programmes across the world for more than 10 years.

An independent review of a GEF-funded UNDP project in Uzbekistan, seen by the FT, warned that financial information provided by the UNDP was not reliable and “must be questioned”. “As a further result, this [midterm review] is required, by UNDP guidelines, to refer this project for a fraud investigation,” the draft report said.

According to another long-term external consultant to the UNDP, problems raised in project reviews frequently seemed to be ignored by senior staff.

“I don’t understand some of the management responses that have been made,” said the consultant, who asked not to be named. “We have an urgent climate crisis.”

The claims of misconduct at the UNDP are not the first allegations of impropriety linked to the UN’s climate work and represent one of the many challenges facing the UN as it seeks to co-ordinate a global response to climate change.

The UN-backed, South Korea-based, Green Climate Fund, the world’s largest climate finance institution, has faced a recent wave of internal misconduct complaints, including allegations of sexism and harassment in the workplace, the FT reported in August.

“The words ‘climate’ and ‘corruption’, people see these as two different worlds, but there is a lot of overlap,” said Brice Böhmer, the head of climate governance integrity at Transparency International, the global anti-corruption group.

Another person familiar with the allegations at the UNDP said there was a history of UNDP internal reviews avoiding “naming names”.

“No one is accountable, no one is responsible. The UNDP lets itself off the hook,” the person said, also asking not to be named. “These funds are intended for the poorest of the poor . . . at what point will donors [to the GEF] decide to suspend funding?”

Transparency International’s Böhmer said governance at the GEF had improved in recent years, but noted that the GEF had limited authority over UNDP projects, which are implemented according to UNDP standards. Böhmer has not seen the audit of the UNDP’s GEF projects reviewed by the FT and could not comment on its details.

“When it comes to climate, we need to have much higher standards,” he said. “If it is a project that is supposed to help an affected population adapt, then this is like penalizing them twice.”

CRIMINAL CAPITALI$M

Nestle, Cargill at high court in child labour case



WASHINGTON — The Supreme Court seemed concerned Tuesday about the impact of siding with food giants Nestle and Cargill and ending a lawsuit that claims they knowingly bought cocoa beans from farms in Africa that used child slave labour.

© Provided by The Canadian Press

The court was hearing arguments in the case by phone because of the coronavirus pandemic. If the court were to accept Nestle and Cargill's arguments, that could further limit the ability of victims of human rights abuses abroad to use U.S. courts to sue. But both liberal and conservative justices asked questions that were skeptical of arguments made by the companies' attorney.

“Many of your arguments lead to results that are pretty hard to take,” conservative Justice Samuel Alito told attorney Neal Katyal, who was arguing on behalf of Nestle and Cargill. The court's three liberal justices were particularly critical of Katyal's position, with Justice Sonia Sotomayor at one point saying it “boggles my mind.”

The case before the justices has been going on for more than 15 years. It involves six adult citizens of Mali, referred to only as John Does, who say that as children they were taken from their country and forced to work on cocoa farms in neighbouring Ivory Coast. They say they worked 12 to 14 hours a day, were given little food and were beaten if their work was seen as slow.

The group says that Minneapolis-based Cargill and the American arm of Switzerland-based Nestle “aided and abetted” their slavery by, among other things, buying cocoa beans from farms that used child labour. The group is seeking to bring a class action lawsuit on behalf of themselves and what they say are thousands of other former child slaves.

Both Nestle and Cargill say they have taken steps to combat child slavery and have denied any wrongdoing.

The case involves a law enacted by the very first Congress in 1789, the Alien Tort Statute, which permits foreign citizens to sue in U.S. courts for human rights abuses. The justices are being asked to rule on whether it permits lawsuits against American companies.

Justice Brett Kavanaugh was among the justices with tough questions for Nestle and Cargill's attorney. “The Alien Tort Statute was once an engine of international human rights protection,” Kavanaugh said before quoting a brief that argued that the companies' position would “gut the statute.” “So why should we do that?” he asked.

Alito, for his part, was also skeptical about this particular case against Nestle and Cargill. “You don't even allege that they actually knew about forced child labour,” Alito told attorney Paul Hoffman.

“We do contend that these defendants knew exactly what they were doing in that supply chain,” Hoffman responded.

The case had previously been dismissed twice at an early stage, but the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit revived it. The Trump administration is backing Nestle and Cargill.

The high court in recent years has limited the use of the Alien Tort Statute. Most recently, in 2018, the court ruled that foreign businesses cannot be sued under the law. In that case, the court rejected an attempt by Israeli victims of attacks in the West Bank and Gaza to use U.S. courts to sue Jordan-based Arab Bank, which they said helped finance the attacks. Cargill and Nestle are asking the court to take another step and rule out suits against U.S. companies.

A decision is expected by the end of June.

Jessica Gresko, The Associated Press

Uproar in France over proposed limits on filming police

PARIS — French activists fear that a proposed new security law will deprive them of a potent weapon against abuse — cellphone videos of police activity — threatening their efforts to document possible cases of police brutality, especially in impoverished immigrant neighbourhoods.  

© Provided by The Canadian Press

French President Emmanuel Macron’s government is pushing a new security bill that makes it illegal to publish images of police officers with intent to cause them harm, amid other measures. Critics fear the new law could hurt press freedoms and make it more difficult for all citizens to report on police brutality.

“I was lucky enough to have videos that protect me,” said Michel Zecler, a Black music producer who was beaten up recently by several French police officers. Videos first published Thursday by French website Loopsider have been seen by over 14 million viewers, resulting in widespread outrage over police actions.

Two of the officers are in jail while they are investigated while two others, also under investigation, are out on bail.

The draft bill, still being debated in parliament, has prompted protests across the country called by press freedom advocates and civil rights campaigners. Tens of thousands of people marched Saturday in Paris to reject the measure, including families and friends of people killed by police.

“For decades, descendants of post-colonial immigration and residents in populous neighbourhoods have denounced police brutality,” Sihame Assbague, an anti-racism activist, told The Associated Press.

Videos by the public have helped to show a wider audience that there is a “systemic problem with French police forces, who are abusing, punching, beating, mutilating, killing,” she said.

Activists say the bill may have an even greater impact on people other than journalists, especially those of immigrant origin living in neighbourhoods where relationships with the police have long been tense. Images posted online have been key to denouncing cases of officers’ misconduct and racism in recent years, they argue.

Assbague expressed fears that, under the proposed law, those who post videos of police abuses online may be put on trial, where they would face up to a year in jail and a 45,000-euro ($53,000) fine.

“I tend to believe that a young Arab man from a poor suburb who posts a video of police brutality in his neighbourhood will be more at risk of being found guilty than a journalist who did a video during a protest,” she said.

Amal Bentounsi's brother, Amine, was shot in the back and killed by a police officer in 2012. The officer was sentenced to a five-year suspended prison sentence. Along with other families of victims, in March she launched a mobile phone app called Emergency-Police Violence to record abuses and bring cases to court.

“Some police officers already have a sense of impunity. ... The only solution now is to make videos,” she told the AP. The app has been downloaded more than 50,000 times.

“If we want to improve public confidence in the police, it does not go through hiding the truth,” she added.

The proposed law is partly a response to demands from police unions, who say it will provide greater protection for officers.

Abdoulaye Kante, a Black police officer with 20 years of experience in Paris and its suburbs, is both a supporter of the proposed law and strongly condemns police brutality and violence against officers.

“What people don’t understand is that some individuals are using videos to put the faces of our (police) colleagues on social media so that they are identified, so that they are threatened or to incite hatred,” he said.

“The law doesn’t ban journalists or citizens from filming police in action ... It bans these images from being used to harm, physically or psychologically,” he argued. “The lives of officers are important.”

A “tiny fraction of the population feeds rage and hatred” against police, Jean-Michel Fauvergue, a former head of elite police forces and a lawmaker in Macron's party who co-authored the bill, said in the National Assembly. “We need to find a solution."

Justice Minister Eric Dupond-Moretti has acknowledged that “the intent (to harm) is something that is difficult to define."

In an effort to quell criticism, lawmakers from Macron's party announced Monday they would rewrite the criticized article of the bill, which will be debated by the Senate early next year.

Activists consider the draft law just the latest of several security measures to extend police powers at the expense of civil liberties. A statement signed by over 30 groups of families and friends of victims of police abuses said since 2005, “all security laws adopted have constantly expanded the legal field allowing police impunity.”

Riots in 2005 exposed France’s long-running problems between police and youths in public housing projects with large immigrant populations.

In recent years, numerous security laws have been passed following attacks by extremists.

Critics noted a hardening of police tactics during protests or while arresting individuals. Hundreds of complaints have been filed against officers during the yellow vest movement against economic injustice, which erupted in 2018 and saw weekends of violent clashes.

Interior Minister Gerald Darmanin said out of 3 million police operations per year in France, some 9,500 end up on a government website that denounces abuses, which represents 0.3%.

France’s human rights ombudsman, Claire Hedon, is among the most prominent critics of the proposed law, which she said involves “significant risks of undermining fundamental rights.”

“Our democracy is hit when the population does not trust its police anymore,” she told the National Assembly.

___

AP writer John Leicester contributed from Le Pecq, France.

___

Follow all AP stories on racism and police brutality at https://apnews.com/Racialinjustice

Sylvie Corbet, The Associated Press

UPDATES

Days after mysterious Utah desert monolith vanishes, another appears in Romania

National Post Staff 

Two weeks after a mysterious monolith appeared and then vanished in the remote Utah desert, local media have reported another monolith unexplainably materializing halfway across the world — only to vanish again a few days later.

© Provided by National Post A metal monolith stands on the hills of Batca Doamnei, near Piatra Neamt, Romania, November 27, 2020.

Last Thursday, residents in the Romanian city of Piatra Neamt discovered a shiny triangular metal pillar propped atop the Batca Doamnei Hill, near the Petrodava Dacian Fortress, an archaeological site overlooking the city.

Just like the first monolith in Utah’s San Juan County, this metal slab measured between 10 feet and 12 feet in height and appeared to be built using a dimly reflective metal material.

City mayor Andrei Carabelea appeared to amiably play along with the bewildering discovery, calling it an honour.

“My guess is that some alien, cheeky and terrible teenagers left home with their parents’ UFO and started planting metal monoliths around the world. First in Utah and then at Piatra Neamt,” he said, according to the Independent. “I am honoured that they chose our city.”

Carabelea added that he wouldn’t be upset if the mystery attracted tourists to his city.

“Beyond the conspiracy theories that can be tempting,” he added, “I’d like to see this randomness as further proof that our city is special. For the earthlings and (maybe) not only.”

What is a mysterious metal monolith doing in the Utah desert?
The mysterious monolith has vanished from Utah desert

Unfortunately for Carabelea and his city, their monolith had disappeared by Monday morning — just as quickly as its American counterpart.

Robert Iosub of the local Ziar Piatra Neamt newspaper told The Daily Mail: “The 2.8 metre tall structure disappeared overnight as quietly as it was erected last week. An unidentified person, apparently a bad local welder, made it… now all that remains is just a small hole covered by rocky soil.”

The news comes after state wildlife officials counting bighorn sheep in Utah spotted a metal monolith standing in a random, remote corner of the desert.

However, the structure had vanished a week later, with nothing except a few jumbled red rocks remaining in its place. Since it appeared, many visitors had rushed to the location to catch a glimpse of the curiosity, which was reportedly removed by environmentally-conscious hikers, who feared the destructive impact of the crowds on the remote location.

In a Reddit forum, one visitor to the site said he knocked on the monolith to see what it sounded like, and noted that it didn’t sound solid or magnetic, more “like a cardboard box.”

We Have Some Questions About The Mysterious Monolith Found In Utah — & Romania

If you played a drinking game in which you had to take a shot every time someone described the year of our lord 2020 as “unparalleled,” you’d be passed out on the floor in no time. Alas, this year really has been one for the history books, in many of the worst possible ways. Be it a global pandemic, the continued rise of white supremacy in the U.S., or goddamn murder hornets, this year has tested our capacity to stomach all things strange, unacceptable, and worrisome. And just when you thought you’d had enough, enter: a mysterious monolith. 

© Provided by Refinery29 Editorial use only. HANDOUT /NO SALES Mandatory Credit: Photo by Utah Department of Public Safety/HANDOUT/EPA-EFE/Shutterstock (11086017a) (FILE)

 – A handout photo made available by the Utah Department of Public Safety (DPS) shows a monolith discovered by wildlife officials in southeastern Utah, USA, 18 November 2020 (reissued 29 November 2020). US officials on 29 November 2020 said that the metal monolith, that was first spotted on 18 November, had disapeeared. Metal monolith in Utah disappears days after discovery, USA – 18 Nov 2020

What is it? How did it get here? We attempt to answer those questions (and some more, similarly strange ones) below.

What is a monolith? 

Contrary to what the Democratic party thinks, a monolith is not the Latinx vote. Instead, a monolith is described as a “single block or piece of stone of considerable size, especially when used in architecture or sculpture,” per dictionary.com. The monolith we’re talking about, though, refers to a shiny silver structure that first appeared in Utah earlier this month, then mysteriously went missing, then turned up again, apparently, across the world in northern Romania. As reported by the Daily Mail, the European-version of the now-missing Utah sculpture lies “only a few feet away from where an ancient Dacian fortress once stood.” Because, no, 2020 hasn’t been bone-crushingly creepy enough.

Where did the Utah monolith come from? 

The Utah monolith was first spotted on November 18 by “wildlife biologists performing a helicopter survey of bighorn sheep,” as reported by the Associated Press. (Cheer if you had that Mad Libs-esque sentence on your 2020 bingo card.) To date, no one knows where the Utah monolith came from, though some believe it is reminiscent of and indeed is a John McCracken sculpture, as reported by VICE. McCracken was a minimalist artist who sculpted geometric forms who died in 2011; according to The New York Times, the David Zwirner Gallery, which represents McCracken’s estate, “has asserted that the mystery monolith is a bona fide McCracken.”

And, McCracken’s son told the paper: “He wasn’t your average sort of dad. He believed in advance alien races that were able to visit earth. To his mind, these aliens had been visiting Earth for a very long time and they were not malevolent. They wanted to help humanity to get past this time of our evolution where all we do is fight each other.”

Still, there’s no evidence that the late artist has anything to do with this particular monolith, although we wouldn’t put it past 2020 to find out that hoaxes are now being played from beyond the grave.

Where was the monolith found in Utah?

Initially, the exact location of the Utah monolith was not disclosed to the public for fear it would draw a crowd and, in turn, the need for people who aren’t familiar with the harsh terrain of that part of the Utah landscape to be rescued. But if 2020 has taught us anything, it’s that people don’t really give a you-know-what about the rules and will instead buck any sort of safety measures in the name of “freedom.” As a result, we know that the OG monolith was located “in a red rock slot canyon south of Moab,” per a local ABC cable news station. The coordinates of the monolith also circulated on Reddit.

Of course, it’s not there anymore, as Kimberly Finch, a Bureau of Land Management spokesperson said in a statement: “We received credible reports that the illegally installed structure, referred to as the ‘monolith’ has been removed from the Bureau of Land Management public lands by an unknown party.”
What’s the monolith made of? 

The Utah monolith was described in the Times as a “slab of metal into the rock floor.” But given that its origins cannot be 100 percent confirmed, it’s impossible to know for sure, for example, what kind of metal the monolith is indeed made out of. If it is a McCracken, then it’s safe to assume the monolith is made out of the same materials the sculptor often used: “glossy, resin-covered planks.”

Did the monolith disappear? 

Yes, the monolith in Utah has, in fact, disappeared. According to a Facebook post from the state’s Bureau of Land Management (BLM): “The monolith was removed by an ‘unknown party’ sometime Friday night. The BLM did not remove the structure which is considered private property. We do not investigate crimes involving private property which are handled by the local sheriff’s office. The structure has received international and national attention and we received reports that a person or group removed it on the evening of Nov. 27.” 
Is the monolith found in Romania the same as the one in Utah? 

I mean, you be the judge? Romanian officials do not know who is responsible for the erection of the latest monolith, per The Daily Mail, but initial reports conclude that is of the same height, made of similar material, and bears similar carvings as the one in Utah. 
Why are people comparing the monolith to ‘2001: Space Odyssey’? 

In Stanley Kubrick’s classic sci-fi film 2001: A Space Odyssey, similar monoliths were erected in a deliberate act meant to “trigger huge leaps in human progress,” per The Daily Mail. Also, the space travel depicted in that film can be used to draw a straight line to the existence of aliens, which the U.S. government has basically confirmed exist. All to say, given what the outgoing Trump administration has done to stall and, in many cases, backpedal our collective national and global efforts at progress, we’d say any extraterrestrial efforts to “trigger huge leaps in human progress” seems like a good idea to us. What could possibly go wrong? In 2020, it seems the answer is: everything.

Second monolith appears in Romania after US structure removed

The monolith that mysteriously appeared out of nowhere in the Utah desert was removed from its location in the middle of the night over the weekend while a similar structure showed up in Europe, according to officials and witnesses

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© @davidsurber via Reuters A metal monolith is seen in Red Rock Desert, Utah, Nov. 25, 2020.

However, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) reassured the public that whoever took the 10- to 12-foot vertical metal object from its desert location was not from out of this world.

The agency said agents discovered Saturday that the structure was gone from its location in the southeastern Utah desert. Desert rocks marked the spot where the silver-colored object once stood.MORE: Mysterious structure disappears from Utah desert

BLM officials said "an unknown party or parties" removed the monolith sometime after Friday evening

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© Kelsea Dockham/AP Rocks mark the location where a metal monolith once stood in the ground in a remote area of red rock in Spanish Valley, Utah, Nov. 28, 2020.

"The BLM did not remove the structure which is considered private property. We do not investigate crimes involving private property," the agency said in a Facebook post Saturday night.

While the monolith no longer has a footprint in the U.S., a similar structure appeared out of nowhere in Romania over the weekend. Onlookers spotted a similar metal structure in the eastern Romanian city of Piatra Neamț and they shared videos and photos of the structure on social media.

No one has officially claimed responsibility for setting up either of these structures as of Monday evening.

Lt. John Young, the sheriff of San Juan County, Utah, told "Good Morning America" the monolith's appearance and disappearance are difficult to investigate.

"It is a little surprising that it lasted as long as it did. I think it's a little more surprising that it disappeared in the middle of the night," he said.

On Nov. 18, crews from the Utah Department of Public Safety and Division of Wildlife Resources discovered the structure while doing a helicopter survey of sheep in the area. The discovery sparked questions, jokes and speculation about the structure's origins as it evoked sci-fi imagery such as the monolith in "2001: A Space Odyssey."

Although officials didn't disclose the exact location of the monolith, interested hikers took to the desert to see the object in person and shared their experiences on social media. David Surber, a hiker, told "Good Morning America" it was remarkable to see the structure in person before it was removed

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© @davidsurber via Reuters A metal monolith is seen in Red Rock Desert, Utah, Nov. 25, 2020.

"It was really nice to have 10 minutes of peace with what I would like to call a landmark at the time," Surber said.

BLM officials, however, warned that the desert is public land and any development on public lands must be approved by the agency. They also reiterated that visiting the site where the monolith stood is prohibited, as there are no restrooms or cellphone service and only high-clearance vehicles are allowed.MORE: Hiker who went missing in mountain in whiteout conditions 'grateful' to doctors who revived him

Some visitors looking to see the monolith parked on vegetation and "left behind human waste as evidence of their visit," according to the BLM.

"Many people have been enjoying the mystery and view it as a welcome distraction from the 2020 news cycle," BLM Monticello Field Manager Amber Denton Johnson said in a statement. "Even so, it was installed without authorization on public lands, and the site is in a remote area without services for the large number of people who now want to see it."

Visitor: Monolith toppled by group who said 'leave no trace'

© Provided by The Canadian Press

SALT LAKE CITY — New clues have surfaced in the disappearance of a gleaming monolith in Utah that seemed to melt away as mysteriously as it appeared in the red-rock desert — though it's no longer the only place where a strange structure has come and gone.

A Colorado photographer told KSTU-TV that he saw four men come to the remote Utah site Friday night and push over the hollow, stainless steel object.

“Right after it had fallen over and made a loud thud, one of them said, ‘This is why you don’t leave trash in the desert,’” Ross Bernards told the Salt Lake City TV station.

The group broke down the structure into pieces, loaded it into a wheelbarrow and left.

“As they were loading it up and walking away, they just said, ‘Leave no trace,’” he said.

The sheriff’s office in San Juan County has said it's not planning an investigation into the disappearance of the monolith, which had been placed without permission on public land. But authorities also said they would accept tips from any of the hundreds of visitors who trekked out to see the otherworldly gleaming object deep in the desert.

The sheriff and the Bureau of Land Management, which oversees the land where the object appeared, didn't immediately respond to messages seeking comment on whether they are investigating the removal that Bernards' group photographed.

Visitors have left behind a mess of human waste, cars parked on vegetation and other debris, the land agency said. The mysterious structure that evoked the movie “2001: A Space Odyssey” generated international attention and drew plenty of speculation about otherworldly origins, though officials said it was an earthly creation of riveted plates of stainless steel.

For Bernards, the visitors' damage to the environment convinced him that the remote area was better off without the structure.

“Leave the art to places where art should be and let Mother Nature have her space for art,” he said.

Utah isn’t the only place a monolith emerged. A similar metal structure was found on a hill in northern Romania, in the city of Piatra Neamt but has since disappeared, according to Robert Iosub, a journalist with the local publication ziarpiatraneamt.ro.

Like the Utah structure, whoever placed the object didn’t follow the proper steps and get a building permit, Mayor Andrei Carabelea said in a Facebook post over the weekend. Still, he took it in stride, joking that some “cheeky and terrible” alien teenagers were likely putting them up around the world.

“I am honoured they chose our city,” he said.

___

Associated Press photographer Vadim Ghirda in Bucharest, Romania contributed to this story.

The Associated Press

Another metal monolith appears in Romania, then vanishes


Either the aliens are stepping up their invasion or someone is looking for attention in Romania, where a monolith similar to the one that vanished in Utah has been spotted.

© Via Ziar Piatra Neamt 

A metal monolith is shown against the sun in Piatra Neamt, Romania, on Nov. 27, 2020.

A new three-sided metal monolith mysteriously appeared on a hill near the community of Piatra Neamt in northeastern Romania last week, according to local media. The object appeared to be about 2.8 metres tall, and was roughly the same shape as the one that captured viral fame in the Utah desert in November.

The new monolith was first spotted on Nov. 26 on Batcas Doamnei Hill near Petrodava, a ruined Dacian fortress on a plateau outside the city, according to the Ziar Piatra Neamt newspaper.

It disappeared on Tuesday.

The object immediately prompted speculation about its potential link to the one in Utah, which vanished late Friday.

However, the objects were not identical, and reports show that the Romanian object was put up before the Utah one was taken down.

Images and video posted by Romanian news outlets show their monolith was covered in squiggles and loops, unlike the unadorned surface of the monolith in Utah. The Romanian monolith also appeared to have been welded together and embedded in the dirt.

The Utah monolith was held together by rivets and embedded in a slot in the stone.

The Utah monolith generated intense speculation about its origins, especially after internet sleuths revealed that it had been standing silently in the desert for years. The mystery only deepened over the weekend after the object was removed by an unknown party.

It's still unclear who built the Utah monolith, although the prevailing theory remains that it was an art project. It's also unclear who might have taken it.

Both objects have been compared to the towering monolith in 2001: A Space Odyssey, which appears in both the Stanley Kubrick film and the book by Arthur C. Clarke.

The fictional monolith was meant to provoke a leap in human science and evolution.

That begs a tongue-in-cheek question: are the aliens trying to give us a hand with the coronavirus vaccine in 2020?

Robert Iosub, a journalist for Ziar Piatra Neamt, says the Romanian monolith appeared to be a shoddy knock-off of the Utah one.

"An unidentified person, apparently a bad local welder, made it," he told Reuters.

Iosub says the Romanian monolith "disappeared overnight as quietly as it was erected last week.

"Now all that remains is just a small hole covered by rocky soil," he said.

Video and photos show the object did have a bubbled crease in the metal.

Local police say they are looking into the structure, which was built illegally and placed on a protected archeological area.

No one has confessed to the copycat monolith (or the bad welding job) as of this writing.

—With files from Reuters

Calgary restaurant worker fired while pregnant wins discrimination complaint
Postmedia News 

A Calgary server who was terminated from her restaurant job two months after telling her boss she was pregnant has been awarded more than $33,000 in an Alberta Human Rights Commission decision.

  

© Provided by Calgary Herald FILE PHOTO: 

The northern regional office of the Alberta human rights commission in Edmonton Wednesday on April 15, 2009.

Sherry McPherson filed a discrimination complaint with the commission, alleging her employer, LDV Pizza Bar, cut her hours and abruptly altered her schedule before she was ultimately dismissed.

McPherson’s complaint stated the changes all occurred soon after she’d announced her pregnancy to her supervisor.

The business denied the alleged discrimination during a tribunal hearing, arguing the decision to dismiss McPherson was based only on her poor performance and attitude.

However, tribunal chair Sharon Lindgren, in a decision posted online last week , said the business offered no evidence or rationale during the hearing to support its position.

Lindgren found the operator discriminated against McPherson on the basis of gender and awarded her $23,000 in general damages and another $10,648 in lost wages and tips, stating the restaurant’s actions had “serious and long lasting” effects.

“But for the discrimination, the complainant would have been free to focus on the excitement and joy often associated with the arrival of a first child. Instead she experienced fear, stress, money worries, depression and anxiety,” Lindgren wrote.

McPherson started as a server at LDV in July 2013 and worked about four evening shifts each week, the tribunal heard.

After telling her supervisor in March 2014 that she was pregnant, her weekly hours were cut from an average of 23 to 15 and she was later moved to the less-lucrative lunch shift. In May, one day after requesting a return to evening shifts until her maternity leave began, she was terminated.

Siblings Rocco Cosentino and Catherine Cosentino managed LDV at the time of McPherson’s dis

She noted the managers never had a formal discussion with McPherson about her performance or had any record of complaints regarding her work.missal.

They testified the complainant was a difficult employee with a poor attitude.

Lindgren disagreed, finding the Cosentinos “dissected the complainant’s work history with a fine tooth comb to come up with anything they could.”

“Much of the evidence advanced by the Cosentinos was inconsistent (including with each other), contradicted by documents (including documents authored by Rocco Cosentino), reluctantly conceded when inconsistencies were put to them, and reflected an inclination to tailor and embellish evidence in a self-serving fashion,” she wrote.

Covid crisis pushes jobless into survival mode

AFP has spoken to workers around the world who suddenly lost their jobs in sectors hit hard by the pandemic such as air travel, hospitality and tourism, to find out how they have coped during the second coronavirus wave

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© JAVIER SORIANO Honduran domestic worker Sonia Herrera is now managing to avoid the food banks in Madrid which made her feel 'a bit ashamed

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© CLAUDIO CRUZ Jesus Yepez: 'The only way out is for someone or some institution to help me'

Forced to skip meals, weighed down by debt or having to move back in with parents, most of them described being in survival mode, worse off than when AFP journalists first interviewed them five months ago when they suddenly lost their jobs.

© GENYA SAVILOV Natalia Murashko:

 'It has turned out that Covid has made everything change for the better'

Several have avoided the worst, but none has escaped feelings of deep anguish.

Due to the economic downturn caused by the coronavirus pandemic, the World Bank estimates that by 2021, 150 million people could fall into extreme poverty, with a rising share of them in urban areas.

Eight out of 10 of the ‘new poor’ will be in middle-income countries.

Here are six workers' stories:

- Debts and 'survival mode' -

"I'm in survival mode, one meal a day for the family and that's it," said Frenchman Xavier Chergui, 44, who used to be able to earn up to 4,000 euros ($4,800) in a really good month as a temp maitre d', filling in at Paris restaurants when they were short-staffed.

His situation was already precarious after France's first lockdown but the married, father of two banked on things picking up again from September.

Apart from "a few days" of work that has not happened, due to November's partial lockdown.

"I'm behind on the rent, the electricity bill... I also have the car loan to pay," he said.

His family survives on state aid and benefits which come to 1,400 euros.

The rent is 1,000 euros but most of the money goes towards "filling the fridge", said Chergui, whose son had wanted to study graphics at university but has changed to history as it's less expensive.

- Scrimping and saving -

Domestic worker Sonia Herrera is getting by without resorting to the food bank again, an experience that made her feel "a bit ashamed" she told AFP earlier this year.

The 52-year-old Honduran, whose employers in central Madrid let her go the day after Spain's lockdown began, has since managed to pick up a few hours of cleaning.

Her daughter Alejandra, 33, who lost her job as a cook, does the same -- their household of four lives on a little over 1,000 euros a month.

But they scrimp and save, hanging around town at lunchtime to avoid paying the three-euro bus fare to come home to eat.

With schools having reopened, Herrera's grandson Izan can have lunch in the school canteen which helps.

The few savings that helped Herrera, a single mother, scrape by earlier are now gone and she says the idea of another lockdown is "terrifying".

As an undocumented migrant, she doesn't qualify for a new minimum wage scheme introduced in May.

- Moving back home -

Colombian Roger Ordonez, 26, said he had no choice but to move back in with his parents in the northeastern city of Bucaramanga after losing his job as a flight attendant for Avianca.

He was open to relocating or retraining but couldn't find another job in the airline industry and can't pay rent.

Applications to Bogota call centres were just as futile.

He worries that his previous career may put prospective bosses off.

"From the salary that I used to have, people think that I'm going to leave as soon as I get another job," he said.

From having earned a monthly salary of 1,000 euros at Avianca, Ordonez said he'd now be happy with minimum wage, which is about 210 euros.

"But there's nothing," he said.

He used to enjoy travelling and was studying to become a pilot.

"You get used to living alone, being independent, buying yourself things... Now, I have to live with my family in their space... it's cramped," he said.

- 'Better than nothing' -

Marie Cedile was relieved to learn the shop where she works was among those being taken over, after French shoe company Andre went into receivership earlier in the year.

Half the staff lost their jobs.

"Everything is OK for me, for now," said Cedile, 54, who has worked for Andre for 30 years and had told AFP previously that, if necessary, she would clean houses if laid off.

Her husband, who was unemployed in the spring, has found a job in car rentals.

"Let's hope it's all going in the right direction. We are scared nevertheless," she admitted.

Andre shops were closed under the recent partial lockdown -- they reopened at the weekend -- and Cedile was on partial unemployment, meaning she got about 1,000 euros a month.

"But it's still better than nothing, there are countries like Portugal, where they don't get anything," Cedile, who is of Portuguese origin, said.

- 'Hell of misery' -

Jesus Yepez, 60, has lost everything -- the tourists he used to take around the famed Templo Mayor Aztec pyramid in the heart of Mexico City, his home, health and hope.

Months after the tour guide entered a homeless shelter in the capital as work dried up due to the pandemic, the once-rotund Mexican is a shadow of his former self.

Yepez's cheekbones protrude from his sunken face and he has dark circles under his eyes from insomnia.

Every night, instead of falling into a restful sleep, he prays that he will die soon.

"My God, come and get me. I can't stand this anymore," he said in a broken voice.

Doctors at the shelter diagnosed depression and neuropathy and put him on medication.

He tried to go back to work after some Mexican museums and archaeological sites reopened.

But when tourists see his dirty feet, worn plastic sandals and tattered old clothes, they soon lose interest in his services.

"I'm trapped in this hell of misery," Yepez said.

"The only way out is for someone or some institution to help me systematically because the government only gave me 3,000 pesos (less than $150) over the past 100 days which is not enough."

- Happy turnaround -

Ukrainian IT specialist Natalia Murashko, 40, is earning more now than in her previous job.

"My work day is shorter and I can work from anywhere," she said.

In April, she was suddenly laid off by the American travel company where she'd worked for four years.

It came as "a total shock" she told AFP shortly afterwards, especially since her computer skills placed her in a rarefied and high earning group in Ukraine.

Her lifestyle changed overnight and the mum of two teens, who also looks after her 73-year-old mother, began job hunting.

Part-time work for an American mobile app development site saw her through the first months of unemployment and has now turned into her main job.

After negotiating a better rate, she takes home 10 percent more than in her previous employment.

She was able to take a holiday in Bulgaria this year and is saving to build up a better safety net.

The stress from months of being unemployed however exacerbated her sleeping problems and re-triggered back pain.

But, she thinks that "generally, it has turned out that Covid has made everything change for the better."

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Alberta job-seekers could continue to face uphill battle, experts warn

BECAUSE KENNEY REFUSES TO 

PRIME THE PUMP 

CBC 

© Maridav/Adobe Stock 

Experts say they are expecting a slow recovery for Alberta's economy and employment rate.

Finding work continues to be a struggle for thousands of Albertans and some experts fear lower-than-normal employment levels could persist as the second wave of the pandemic rages, leading to more bankruptcies and mortgage delinquencies.

Though Statistics Canada data shows Alberta added 23,000 jobs last month, employment levels are still below pre-pandemic levels.

"There are still a lot of people struggling," said Aled ab Iorwerth, deputy chief economist for the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation.

Data from the CMHC this fall revealed Edmonton and Calgary led the country with mortgage deferral rates of 11 and nine per cent.

With deferral periods ending, and bankruptcies increasing, some fear a jump in the mortgage delinquency rate could be coming.

"It's something to be concerned about and something we are keeping an eye on," the economist said.

Jackie Rafter, who runs the Calgary-based company Higher Landing, has been training out-of-work professionals in Alberta since 2015.

Many of her clients have worked in oil and gas, but have been unable to find jobs in the industry.

The pandemic has exacerbated their problems and affected their mental health, she said.
People have lost their homes

"These are the people who lost their homes, they've lost their marriages, they've exhausted their RRSPs and now their health is starting to collapse," Rafter said.

With so much uncertainty in the job market, Rafter said job-seekers must do more than rely on their previous skills and experience.

She advises clients to understand their value but be willing to change their approach and accept opportunities in other fields.

Edmonton job seeker Juan Marin, 25, has embraced that advice.

"My initial plan is to find a job in the engineering field, but I am open to different options," said Marin, a graduate of the University of Los Andes in Colombia and the University of Alberta.

Marin enrolled in one of Higher Landing's programs this summer after experiencing a tougher-than-expected job hunt.

Marin said he realized he needed to change his tactics, so he started reaching out to managers and potential employers directly instead of focusing on online applications.

The networking seems to have paid off, leading to more interviews, but he is still looking for work.

AUSTERITY, AUSTERITY AND MORE AUSTERITY 
Alberta's outlook grim

Alberta Finance Minister Travis Toews spoke of "signs of some economic recovery" ahead of a fiscal update on the province's finances last week.

Others say there may be signs of hope, but Alberta's economic outlook appears grim.

"It's going to be a slow, slow recovery," said Mike Holden, chief economist at the Business Council of Alberta.

Nearly half of Alberta chief executives surveyed by the council said they expect employment levels to drop in the coming year.

Ab lorwerth said the more COVID-19 spreads, the more likely there will be significant economic disruption.

"We're really in the hands of the virus at the moment, and that's why we're trying to remain prudent and cautious," he said.

WALL $TREET DEMOCRATS

BlackRock Gains Clout in Washington as Biden Builds His Team

(Bloomberg) -- One has been tapped to head the U.S. National Economic Council, the other as No. 2 at the Treasury Department. 

And both have one big thing in common: BlackRock Inc.

"The Republican and Democratic parties, or, to be more exact, the Republican-Democratic party, represent the capitalist class in the class struggle. They are the political wings of the capitalist system and such differences as arise between them relate to spoils and not to principles." 

~ Eugene V. Debs

 "The Socialist Party and the Working Class". Eugene V. Debs' opening speech as Presidential candidate of the Socialist Party in Indianapolis, Indiana, www.marxists.org. September 1, 1904. 

© Photographer: Gabriella Angotti-Jones/Bloomberg 

Pedestrians pass in front of BlackRock Inc. headquarters in New York.

As President-elect Joe Biden assembles his economic team, his choice of two men who’ve worked in BlackRock’s senior ranks -- Brian Deese for NEC and Adewale Adeyemo as deputy Treasury secretary -- cements the giant investment firm’s position as one of Wall Street’s major gateways to the corridors of power in Washington. Deese oversees sustainable investing at BlackRock, while Adeyemo is a former senior adviser and interim chief of staff to Chief Executive Larry Fink.

BlackRock’s role as a hotbed of former and future policymakers -- a position once held so firmly by Goldman Sachs Group Inc. that that bank was nicknamed “Government Sachs” -- underscores the asset manager’s clout, capping its rise from a respected bond shop to one of the major players in American business over its 32-year history.

Read more: When the Fed Needs Wall Street’s Help, It Turns to BlackRock

BlackRock, which oversees more than $7.8 trillion in assets, is the largest money manager, and one of the most influential. It’s the global leader in low-cost exchange-traded funds, which upended active mutual funds and revolutionized investing.

The firm’s size also put it at the forefront of efforts to stabilize the U.S. economy this year. The Federal Reserve enlisted BlackRock in March to take charge of three bond-buying programs after the Covid-19 pandemic-induced selloff.

In recent years, the New York-based firm hired more than a dozen alumni of Barack Obama’s administration, including his national security adviser, senior adviser for climate policy, a former Federal Reserve vice chairman he appointed, and numerous other economists from the White House, Treasury and Fed. With Biden readying a team for his own presidency, some of those individuals are expected to head back into politics.

A representative for BlackRock declined to comment.

Other former Obama officials at BlackRock include:

 Thomas Donilon, chairman of the BlackRock Investment Institute: former national security adviser to Obama. He turned down Biden’s proposal to lead the CIA, the New York Times reported on Nov. 29, citing an unidentified person familiar.

 Mike Pyle, global chief investment strategist: former special assistant to Obama for economic policy

Stanley Fischer, senior adviser: former vice chairman of the Federal Reserve from 2014-2017

 Cheryl Mills, board member: chief of staff to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Counselor to the U.S. Department of State from 2009-2013

 Meaghan Muldoon, global head of environmental, social and governance integration: former fiscal and economic policy adviser in Obama administration

And Fink was considered a potential candidate for Treasury secretary after Timothy Geithner and again under a potential Hillary Clinton administration. Earlier this year Fink told his senior leadership team he wouldn’t be heading for a job in Washington and would remain at the company, at a time when other front-runners were emerging for the position.

Iconic radio telescope suffers catastrophic collapse
Nadia Drake 


The Arecibo Observatory’s suspended equipment platform collapsed just before 8 a.m. local time on December 1, falling more than 450 feet and crashing through the telescope’s massive radio dish—a catastrophic ending that scientists and engineers feared was imminent after multiple cables supporting the platform unexpectedly broke in recent months. No one was hurt when the 900-ton platform lost its battle with gravity, according to staff at the observatory in Puerto Rico

VICTIM OF CLIMATE CHANGE

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© Photograph by Ricardo Arduengo, Getty Images
This aerial view shows the damage to the Arecibo Observatory after its 900-ton equipment platform broke loose, swung into a nearby rock face, and smashed onto the radio dish below.

The telescope itself has been destroyed, although the full extent of the damage to surrounding facilities hasn’t yet been determined. Aerial photos show that the platform likely made a pendulous swing into a nearby rock face. Parts of it, including a large dome housing a complex reflector system, shattered near the dish’s center. Photos from the ground reveal that the tops of the three towers supporting the platform also broke off. People nearby reported that as the platform came down, it sounded like an avalanche, a train, or an earthquake.

“We can confirm the platform fell and that we have reports of no injuries. We will release additional details as they are confirmed,” says Robert Margutta of the National Science Foundation (NSF), which is in charge of the facility.

The iconic telescope has been in a precarious state since August, when an auxiliary cable supporting the equipment platform broke and fell through the radio dish, leaving a 100-foot-long gash in its reflective panels. The situation became more dire in early November, when one of the main cables supporting the equipment platform also snapped, leaving the telescope on the brink of a catastrophic collapse. Inspections revealed that other cables were showing signs of weakening and degradation, and over the last couple of weeks, engineers spotted ruptured strands and other signs of impending danger.

On November 19, NSF announced that it had decided to decommission the telescope and pursue options for a controlled demolition of the dangerous structure. That decision came after engineering firms evaluated the structure and predicted that the platform would collapse in the near future if it were not repaired.

With the risk of imminent collapse, authorities determined that it was too risky to send workers up on the platform or the towers to attempt repairs.

“If we’re worried about it falling, nobody should go up there or be there when it happens,” former observatory director Michael Nolan, now at the University of Arizona, told National Geographic at the time.

“As someone who was inspired as a child by the observatory to reach for the stars, this is devastating and heartbreaking. I’ve seen how the observatory to this day continues to inspire my island,” planetary scientist Edgard Rivera-Valentin of the Lunar and Planetary Institute said at the time. Rivera-Valentin tweeted today that they are "heart broken, sad, in mourning, and crying," following the observatory's collapse.

The NSF’s decision to decommission the telescope didn’t stop scientists and Puerto Ricans, for whom the telescope holds cultural as well as scientific value, to rally in support of the observatory. For decades, the facility has been a source of pride and inspiration for the island, and it has served as a crucial resource for local communities during natural disasters. Now, the crumpled telescope leaves a large, dangerous mess to clean up—and, perhaps, a site upon which to rebuild.

Anne Virkki, who leads the planetary radar team at the observatory, writes in an email: “We’ll need to start campaigning for rebuilding from today.”

Iconic dome at Arecibo Observatory collapses



Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, the most powerful single-dish radio telescope in the world, was damaged August 10 when an auxiliary cable that supports the suspended platform broke. On Tuesday, the entire dome collapsed. File Photo courtesy of University of Central Florida

ORLANDO, Fla., Dec. 1 (UPI) -- The iconic Arecibo Observatory radio telescope in Puerto Rico, the most powerful in the world, was destroyed Tuesday morning in an uncontrolled collapse.

The 57-year-old facility had hosted Nobel Prize-winning scientists and blockbuster Hollywood movies alike over the years. But the dome containing instruments that weighed over 1 million pounds crashed into the dish below at 6:55 a.m. EST, said Ray Lugo, director of the Florida Space Institute.

One of three skyscraper-tall towers that supported the dome broke about halfway up. The collapse came just two weeks after the National Science Foundation announced it would decommission the facility due to damage incurred by cable breaks in August and early November.

"The tops of the towers sheared off and the azimuth and dome sheared off the platform," said Lugo, who led a coalition managing the facility for the University of Central Florida in Orlando. "No one was injured. [We are] performing our assessment now."

RELATED World's most powerful radar telescope at Arecibo will be scrapped

A statement from the foundation on Twitter said, "NSF is saddened by this development. As we move forward, we will be looking for ways to assist the scientific community and maintain our strong relationship with the people of Puerto Rico."

The collapse first was reported by journalist Deborah Martorell with El Nuevo Dia, Puerto Rico's largest newspaper. She posted photos on social media showing the valley in the rural interior of the island where the dome had hung for decades, absent the iconic structure.

"Friends, it is with deep regret to inform you that the Arecibo Observatory platform has just collapsed," Martorell posted in Spanish on Twitter.

RELATED Arecibo Observatory incurs more damage as another support cable snaps

The damage from cable breaks had left the radar dish and surrounding structures unsafe and subject to further collapse at any time, foundation officials had warned.

Ancillary facilities at Arecibo that also conduct astronomical observations may be salvaged.

The visitors and learning center, however, "sustained significant damage from falling cables," the foundation reported about 7 hours after the collapse.

RELATED Arecibo Observatory seeks $10.5M for cable repairs after accident

"Engineers arrived on-site today. Working with the University of Central Florida, which manages the observatory, NSF expects to have environmental assessment workers on-site as early as tomorrow," a statement from the foundation said.

The foundation would continue to pay staff members at the facility and seek to restart smaller related facilities nearby, according to the statement. But safety assessments for the remaining structures were the first priority.

Two scientists using data from the dish have won Nobel Prizes. It was also the scene of popular movies such as 1995's GoldenEye and Species, and 1997's Contact.

The university had submitted a request to the foundation for $10.5 million to begin repairs on the August damage. That work would include at least six massive cables, which range in thickness from 3 inches to 6 inches.

But that work hadn't begun when a second larger cable broke.

The Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico held the world’s most powerful radar telescope, built into the rugged terrain in the mid-1960s, shown here in 2019. The dome collapsed Tuesday. File Photo by Paul Brinkmann/UPI

US: Mountain pine tree that feeds grizzlies is threatened

BILLINGS, Mont. — Climate change, voracious beetles and disease are imperiling the long-term survival of a high-elevation pine tree that’s a key source of food for some grizzly bears and found across the West, U.S. officials said Tuesday.

© Provided by The Canadian Press

A Fish and Wildlife Service proposal scheduled to be published Wednesday would protect the whitebark pine tree as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act, according to documents posted by the Office of the Federal Register.

The move marks a belated acknowledgement of the tree's severe declines in recent decades and sets the stage for restoration work. But government officials said they do not plan to designate which forest habitats are critical to the tree’s survival, stopping short of what some environmentalists argue is needed.

Whitebark pines can live up to 1,000 years and are found at elevations up to 12,000 feet (3,600 metres) — conditions too harsh for most tress to survive.

Environmentalists had petitioned the government in 1991 and again in 2008 to protect the trees, which occur across 126,000 square miles (326,164 square kilometres) of land in Wyoming, Montana, Idaho, Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada and western Canada.

A nonnative fungus has been killing whitebark pines for a century. More recently, the trees have proven vulnerable to bark beetles that have killed millions of acres of forest, and climate change that scientists say is responsible for more severe wildfire seasons.

The trees have been all but wiped out in some areas, including the eastern edge of Yellowstone National Park, where they are a source of food for threatened grizzly bears. More than half of whitebark pines in the U.S. are now dead, according to a 2018 study from the U.S. Forest Service.

That has complicated government efforts to declare grizzlies in the Yellowstone area as a recovered species that no longer needs federal protection. Grizzlies raid caches of whitebark pine cones that are hidden by squirrels and devour the seeds within the cones to fatten up for winter.

A 2009 court ruling that restored protections for Yellowstone bears cited in part the tree's decline, although government studies later concluded the grizzlies could find other things to eat.

After getting sued for not taking steps to protect the pine trees, wildlife officials in 2011 acknowledged that whitebark pines needed protections but they took no immediate action, saying other species faced more immediate threats.

An attorney with the Natural Resources Defence Council, which submitted the 2008 petition for protections, lamented that it took so long but said the proposal was still worth celebrating.

“This is the federal government admitting that climate change is killing off a widely distributed tree, and we know that’s just the tip of the iceberg. There are many species threatened,” said Rebecca Riley, legal director for the environmental group’s nature program.

The government’s proposal describes the threats to the pine tree imminent and said it was one of many plants expected to be impacted as climate change moves faster than they can adapt.

“Whitebark pine survives at high elevations already, so there is little remaining habitat in many areas for the species to migrate to higher elevations in response to warmer temperatures,” Fish and Wildlife Service officials wrote.

The officials added that overall, whitebark pine stands have seen severe reductions in regeneration because of wildfires, a fungal disease called white pine blister rust, mountain pine beetles and climate change.

Amid those growing threats, federal officials are working in conjunction with researchers and private groups on plans to gather cones from trees that are resistant to blister rust, grow their seeds in greenhouses and then plant them back on the landscape, said Fish and Wildlife Service biologist Amy Nicholas. A draft of that nationwide restoration is expected by the end of next year.

“We do have options to revive this species,” Nicholas said.

The decision not to pursue protections for the tree's habitat is in line with another recent action by the Fish and Wildlife Service — the denial of critical habitat for t he endangered rusty patched bumblebee.

The bee's population has plummeted 90 per cent over about two decades. As with whitebark pine, loss of the bee's habitat was considered less important than other threats.

The two cases underscore a pattern of opposition to habitat protections by the administration of President Donald Trump, environmentalists said.

The Fish and Wildlife Service under Trump also has proposed rules to restrict what lands can be declared worthy of protections and to give greater weight to the economic benefits of development.

“It's clear that the intent is to limit protection of habitat for threatened and endangered species. Whitebark pine is another example of that,” said Noah Greenwald with the Center for Biological Diversity.

Fish and Wildlife Service Wyoming Field Supervisor Tyler Abbott said it would not be prudent to designate areas for habitat protections since the major threats to the trees' survival can't be addressed through land management.

“The driving factor (in the tree's decline) is that white pine blister rust, and that's working synergistically with mountain pine beetle, the altered fire regime, climate change," Abbott said. “These are biological factors that we really don't have any control over.”

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On Twitter, follow Brown @MatthewBrownAP

Matthew Brown, The Associated Press