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Sunday, May 16, 2021

Gender Based Violence in the H&M Garment Supply Chain

Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee

2018, Workers Voices from the Global Supply Chain: Reports to the ILO 2018

502 Views53 Pages

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Cambodia,

Indonesia,

Sri Lanka,

Violence Against Women,

Bangladesh

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This report—including interviews with more than 331 workers employed in 32 factories that supply to H&M—documents the experiences of women garment workers at the base of H&M garment supply chains. Concentrated in short term, low-skill, and low-wage positions, they are at daily risk of gender based violence and harassment at work. This new research documents sexual harassment and violence including physical violence, verbal abuse, coercion, threats and retaliation, and routine deprivations of liberty including forced overtime. The research also makes clear these are not isolated incidents and that gender based violence in the H&M garment supply chain is a direct result of how H&M conducts business. Based upon analysis of the spectrum of gender based violence and associated risk factors in the garment industry, these reports include concrete recommendations for an ILO Convention to eliminate gender based violence and harassment in the world of work.

https://www.academia.edu/36753924/Gender_Based_Violence_in_the_H_and_M_Garment_Supply_Chain

Gender Based Violence in the GAP Garment Supply Chain

Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee

2018, Workers Voices from the Global Supply Chain: Reports to the ILO 2018

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This report—including interviews with more than 215 workers employed in 21 factories that supply to Gap—documents the experiences of women garment workers at the base of Gap garment supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka. Concentrated in short term, low skill, and low-wage positions, they are at daily risk of gender based violence and harassment at work. This new research documents sexual harassment and violence including physical violence, verbal abuse, coercion, threats and retaliation, and routine deprivations of liberty including forced overtime. The research also makes clear these are not isolated incidents and that gender based violence in the Gap garment supply chain is a direct result of how Gap conducts business. Based upon analysis of the spectrum of gender based violence and associated risk factors in the garment industry, these reports include concrete recommendations for an ILO Convention to eliminate gender based violence and harassment in the world of work.

https://www.academia.edu/36760838/Gender_Based_Violence_in_the_GAP_Garment_Supply_Chain

'The international division of labour produces not simply 'people' and 'spaces'

Meenu Sethi

16 Pages

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Globalization,

Gender and Development

In this essay I will discuss how international division of labour creates gendered subjects and spaces. I would argue that the phenomenon that has caused international division of labour and creation of gendered subjects and spaces is globalisation. My effort in this essay would be to analyse certain layers and geographical cross sections of the global economic activities through a categorical gendered lens. I will argue that although globalisation and international division of labour has indeed created gendered subjects and spaces, its effects on women cannot be generalised.

https://www.academia.edu/29742824/The_international_division_of_labour_produces_not_simply_people_and_spaces

Deterrence, Rational Choice and White-collar Crime: Occupational Health and Safety in Bangladesh RMG Sector

Muhammad Faisol Chowdhury

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The objective of this research is, firstly to investigate the managerial perception of administering occupational health and safety (OHS) provisions to reduce workplace accidents and, secondly, to explore the managerial interpretation of the idea of white-collar crime in relation to the avoidance of, or negligence in administering, the OHS provisions. This research particularly focuses on the readymade garment (RMG) sector in Bangladesh. It is qualitative in nature and follows an interpretivist and constructivist philosophical paradigm. Data were collected from two deviant cases (e.g. Tazreen Fashions Limited and Rana Plaza) and from the questionnaire responses of 24 participants from 24 RMG factories (6 outsourced and 6 subcontracted) located in Dhaka. All of the participants were top-level, male, full-time executives at the RMG factories (i.e. owners and manages). Despite its limitations, the research finds that all of the factory owners believe in the appropriateness of the OHS provisions for reducing workplace accidents effectively. It also discovers that the application of OHS as a deterrent factor to accidents exists among the outsourced factory owners and but is absent from the subcontracted factory owners. The research also unfolds the different interpretations of white-collar crime between the outsourced and subcontracted factory owners. Based on the further analysis of the empirical evidence, however, it is suggested that the evasion of OHS practices can be labelled white-collar crime.

https://www.academia.edu/8216877/Deterrence_Rational_Choice_and_White_collar_Crime_Occupational_Health_and_Safety_in_Bangladesh_RMG_Sector

Violence Against Women and Men in the World of Work, Executive Summary of New Research on Asian Garment Supply Chains and Recommendations for an ILO Convention, May 2018

Anjum Shaheen

Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee

89 Views16 Pages

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Labor Economics,

Sexuality,

Gender and Sexuality,

Gender

In the lead up to the 107th Session of the International Labour Conference, a global coalition of trade unions, worker rights and human rights organizations, which includes Asia Floor Wage Alliance (AFWA), CENTRAL Cambodia, Global Labor Justice, Sedane Labour Resource Centre (LIPS)Indonesia, and Society for Labour and Development (SLD) just released new factory level research detailing gender based violence in Walmart, Gap, and H&M Asian garment supply chains. These reports aim to make sure that the experiences and recommendations of low wage women workers—employed in sectors and supply chains that rely on their labor—are lifted up in order to create a strong ILO Convention that will guide employers, multi-national enterprises, and governments in working with trade unions to eliminate gender based violence in garment supply chains and other workplaces. This Executive Summary provides recommendations to the ILO, key findings, and the aggregated spectrum of gender based violence, gendered production roles, and methodology from the Workers Voices 2018 report series.

https://www.academia.edu/36776627/Violence_Against_Women_and_Men_in_the_World_of_Work_Executive_Summary_of_New_Research_on_Asian_Garment_Supply_Chains_and_Recommendations_for_an_ILO_Convention_May_2018

Precarious Work in the Walmart Global Value Chain

Shikha Silliman Bhattacharjee

441 Views46 Pages

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Sustainable Supply Chain,

Global Production Networks,

the International Labour Organization (ILO),

Bangladesh Labour Act 2006,

Indian Labour Law

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This report presents new research on violations of international labour standards in Walmart garment supplier factories. Information was collected through interviews and focus group discussions including 344 workers engaged in Walmart supply chains in Bangladesh, Cambodia and India; and an in-depth case study, spanning 8 months, of working conditions in an Indonesian Walmart supplier employing 3,800 Indonesian contract workers. These recent findings, collected between December 2012 and May 2016, are situated in context of both previous studies on Walmart supply chains and the broader context of the global production network.

https://www.academia.edu/31243423/Precarious_Work_in_the_Walmart_Global_Value_Chain

Workers' Lives, Walmart's Pocket: Garments’ Global Chain, from Savar to New York

Anu Muhammad

1,542 Views8 Pages

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Globalisation and Development,

GSP,

Workers rights,

Walmart,

Bangladesh Garments Sector

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In its spatial expansion, capital has globalised the production and distribution chain. The division of labour has been restructured throughout the world, factories have shifted from North to South, structural unemployment has increased in the North and cheap labour has been exploited to the hilt in the South. Bangladesh has thereby become the second-largest ready-made garment exporter in the world after China, supplying garments to major Western clothing brands. On 24 April 2013, the collapse of Rana Plaza that housed five garment factories killed at least 1,134 workers and injured many more. It exposed the vulnerability of the industry as well as the global lack of responsibility and accountability. This article investigates the global chain of the industry in order to understand the linkages between the lives of workers in the South and the profits of the monopolies of the North. The article also makes an attempt to understand the roles played by the local and global profiteers in the supply chain.

https://www.academia.edu/13212390/Workers_Lives_Walmarts_Pocket_Garments_Global_Chain_from_Savar_to_New_York

EARLY IMPACTS OF CORONAVIRUS ON BANGLADESH APPAREL SUPPLY CHAINS

Shuvro Sen

2020, Copenhagen Business School

53 Views25 Pages

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COVID-19 PANDEMIC,

Bangladesh Apparel industry

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Seven years ago this month, more than 1,100 garment workers in Bangladesh were killed when the Rana Plaza complex collapsed on top of them. Today, the Bangladesh apparel industry and its 4+ million workers face a new crisis: coronavirus. Obvious health issues aside, the impacts of the global pandemic on the industry and its workers are potentially catastrophic for the industry and the wider society alike. This report outlines some the early issues and developments relating to the impact of coronavirus in Bangladesh’s apparel industry and supply chain. The report has two primary aims. First, it seeks to aggregate key information about developments and issues arising in Bangladesh’s apparel industry as a result of the coronavirus. Accounts and reporting are widespread, and the report brings together data and information from both international and local sources. It draws on media articles, academic research, watchdog reports, governmental policies and industry accounts to create a comprehensive overview of the issues and reporting. Second, and more significantly, it looks behind the numbers and accounts to provide analysis of, and reflections on, the broader issues and challenges at play. Key questions arising from this are detailed in the final section. The content here is reflective of a close collaboration of researchers from both the Global North and Bangladesh, thereby providing a balanced perspective. However, the report is not entirely comprehensive. In its quest for speed, it does not yet provide an account of the trade union movement, updates on trade policies, or other important developments that affect the industry. These and other topics will be addressed in future reports. This report is a product of the RISC project, which seeks to shed light on how social sustainability issues – like working conditions and occupational health and safety – are governed in the Bangladesh RMG industry. In particular, it examines how different entities – like brands, suppliers and governments – understand and take action on their responsibilities. Thus, RISC researchers endeavor to draw on their knowledge and experience in the industry to provide insight into the impacts of coronavirus given that many of the major issues arising are core to our areas of expertise: ethical trade, supply chain management, corporate social responsibility, social sustainabil … View full abstract

https://www.academia.edu/43168438/EARLY_IMPACTS_OF_CORONAVIRUS_ON_BANGLADESH_APPAREL_SUPPLY_CHAINS

Global Labour Studies in the Pandemic: Notes for an Emerging Agenda

Global Labour Journal,

2020, 11(2), Page 74

Editorial

Maria Lorena Cook, Cornell University, USA

Madhumita Dutta, The Ohio State University, USA

Alexander Gallas, University of Kassel, Germany

Jörg Nowak, University College Dublin, Ireland

Ben Scully, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa

https://www.academia.edu/43231421/Global_Labour_Studies_in_the_Pandemic_Notes_for_an_Emerging_Agenda

Solidarity in times of social distancing: migrants, mutual aid, and COVID-19

Sutapa Chattopadhyay

Published 2020

139 Views12 Pages

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Social Movements,

Migration and undocumented migrants,

Mutual Aid,

COVID-19 PANDEMIC

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Stories on communing prompted us to write this manuscript. As we ventured into emerging reports, articles, and other readings about organizations and grassroots community groups on the forefront of the ‘fight’1 against the pandemic, bringing support to people in need, we felt provoked to explore the strategies and networks that are working with, for, and amongst migrants.

https://www.academia.edu/43137924/Solidarity_in_times_of_social_distancing_migrants_mutual_aid_and_COVID_19

Pandemic Urbanism: Praxis in the Time of Covid-19

Bou Akar, Hiba

2020, Pandemic Urbanism: Praxis in the Time of Covid-19

1,104 Views52 Pages

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This open access reading list < https://bit.ly/pandemicurbanism> is a result of the collective effort of PhD and Masters students in the Urban Planning program at the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation at Columbia University. The aim of the list is to provide a collection of materials that address the pandemic as it relates to urbanism, urban planning, architecture, and the built environment. The material presented here is being collected, organized and summarized over the months of March and April 2020 as we witnessed our lives transformed by the COVID 19 crisis, especially in New York City, a city many of us call home and a place that has become one of the main hotspots for the spread of the infectious disease that so far has killed more than 15,000 people (as of April 22). Our hope that this list will be useful in bringing together -in one document- materials that students and scholars will find useful to think about the pandemic as it relates to urbanization. We also hope that this document will become a “living document” that people can take the liberty to update with relevant entries in the spirit of providing a collective resource for people across the globe interested in the implications of COVID-19 for our built environment (instructions to add entries are at the bottom of the document).

https://www.academia.edu/43089631/Pandemic_Urbanism_Praxis_in_the_Time_of_Covid_19