Thursday, February 23, 2023

ALBERTA
Indigenous centres in discussion for Bow Valley, Cochrane centre opens

Wed, February 22, 2023

Discussions have begun in the Bow Valley region to develop one or more Indigenous centres, following closely in the footsteps of Wazin Îchinabi Ti (House of Oneness) which opened its doors in Cochrane on Jan. 24.

The centre in Cochrane is the result of extensive planning by Îyârhe (Stoney) Nakoda First Nation elders and knowledge keepers working in cooperation with the Rotary Club of Cochrane and like-minded neighbours.

“We chose the name Wazin Îchinabi Ti, House of Oneness, because we wanted to reflect the Stoney worldview that all of creation is interconnected,” said Trent Fox, who, along with his mother Tina, is an advisor to the initiative.

The centre was proposed as a multi-use site to serve as a one-stop-shop for Indigenous peoples – not just the Îyârhe Nakoda – pursuing business opportunities and seeking a spectrum of services. It also aims to create a social, cultural, and economic connection with the non-Indigenous community.

At the centre, all people are one, regardless of race or culture. It is planned to operate as a non-profit organization that will provide the community with educational programming and services that focus on promoting Truth and Reconciliation principles.

Most importantly, it is Indigenous-led, said Cochrane Rotarian Michael Bopp, who sits on the centre’s board of directors along with other members of the Rotary and Indigenous community.

Bopp is also a co-founder of Four Worlds International and is a director for the Four Worlds Centre for Development Learning, which is dedicated to building the capacity of communities and professional organizations for sustainable participatory development. He has 20-plus years of experience working with Indigenous communities and development organizations in Canada and overseas.

“The centre will be sort of an Indigenous embassy, so that when anybody in town wants to know how to manage Indigenous protocols, they can visit the centre to do that,” he said.

“For example, if you’re supposed to be doing an archaeological assessment, first, what does it have to do with Indigenous peoples? Well, they’re the ones that live here, and you need to work through elders to do that. There’s a certain way that should go.”

With around 2,500 Indigenous peoples living in Cochrane, according to the 2021 census, it’s also important to have representation in the community.

“Although it’s an Indigenous centre, similar to what a friendship centre can be, it will also serve as a place where people can get more information, some education on Indigenous issues – not Stoney specific,” said Fox.

“But it’s also a place where Stoney people can educate those who are interested about the Stoney culture, the language, the history, and our relationship with the government.”

In nearby Canmore, a smaller proportion of the population identified as Indigenous in the 2021 census, with around 375 people.

While Fox believes Cochrane acts as more of an urban hub to the Îyârhe Nakoda given the proximity of Mînî Thnî and affordability compared to Canmore, its next closest neighbour, he believes centres in Canmore and Banff can offer further opportunities to share the stories of his First Nation and others with ties to the area.

The Banff Canmore Community Foundation and its Moving Mountains initiative – focused on areas such as improving local, social and Indigenous economy, as well as environmental and cultural learning – is currently discussing the idea of potentially developing an Indigenous centre in Banff. The organization is still in the early days of discussion, however, and was not ready to confirm details with the Outlook.

“Banff has a historic importance to not just the Stoney but to the Blackfoot, to the Cree, to the Kootenay [Ktunaxa], so I think it would be a really positive,” Fox said of the initiative.

Meanwhile, Indigenous Tourism Alberta (ITA) is currently conducting a feasibility study exploring the possibilities of Indigenous-led infrastructure to further support the growth of Indigenous tourism in Alberta, with potential for a future Indigenous centre to be based out of the Canmore Visitor Information Centre off Highway 1.

“Indigenous Tourism Alberta is always looking for opportunities to expand Indigenous tourism, and this is one opportunity in an exploratory phase among many future possibilities,” said Erica Richardson, a representative of ITA, in an email statement.

“The feasibility study is being led by Indigenous Tourism Alberta with financial support from various provincial and federal partners. The future of this feasibility study is dependent on future funding.”

Fox said he believes an Indigenous centre could be a positive addition in Canmore.

“I think that would be beneficial not just to the Indigenous peoples but to the non-Indigenous community as they can start learning about Indigenous issues,” he said. “Really, any large urban centre should have a friendship centre where they can start connecting with Indigenous people, learning from one another.”

Bopp cautioned against the use of Indigenous centres for the purpose of tourism where Banff and Canmore are concerned, however, and said he hopes any spaces that do come to fruition, are Indigenous-led and built on the principles of Truth and Reconciliation.

“We’re at a juncture in this country where we’re trying to heal the relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous people,” Bopp said. “This country was founded on a whole lot of bad stuff ... there are people who don’t even want to face it. But you can't have reconciliation without truth.

“It’s about acknowledging and learning about the past, but also moving forward in a positive way to build something good.”

Jessica Lee, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, Rocky Mountain Outlook
NOVA SCOTIA
MODG receives funding for solar energy projects


Wed, February 22, 2023 

GUYSBOROUGH – Residents of the Municipality of the District of Guysborough (MODG) have one more reason to welcome sunny days ahead. On Feb. 14, federal, provincial and municipal levels of government announced more than $1,098,477 in joint funding for the installation of solar panels on municipal buildings in the MODG.

A federal news release (Feb.14) stated that the funding, through the Investing in Canada Infrastructure program, “will support the installation of six solar energy systems totaling 266 kilowatts on two libraries, two recreation centres, the main municipal office, and a water treatment plant. The solar energy created will supply 50 percent of the total electricity load for these spaces.”

The project, and others like it, will help the province meet its coal-free energy mix target for 2030 and create savings for the municipality, which can be redirected to other initiatives and programs.

Tory Rushton, provincial minister of natural resources and renewables told The Journal last week, “We’re certainly, in Nova Scotia, very proud that we’re leaders in our climate change plan and we made an ambitious target to get off coal by 2030. There isn’t going to be one solution – there’s going to be multiple pieces to the puzzle, if you will, and solar is going to be a piece of that puzzle. We’re encouraged to hear 50 per cent of the useable electricity is going to be coming from solar on this project.”

Asked about the contribution rural municipalities are making to the green energy transition, Rushton said, “This is a huge step for a rural municipality. As we move into the green technology of generating our electricity, rural municipalities of Nova Scotia have taken a big step and have taken a huge interest in, ‘What can we do in our local municipalities to foster some of the initiatives the government has set aside.’ And it is because of the rural municipalities in Nova Scotia and Guysborough for example, it’s because of these municipalities that we are leaders in our country in combating climate change because of the initiatives that they are taking.”

MODG Warden Vernon Pitts said the municipality has been working to increase the use of renewable energy over the past decade, as evidenced by investments in solar and wind power, as well as the purchase electric and hybrid vehicles for municipal use.

Pitts said the funding was welcome and would reduce operational costs and emissions at the buildings in the project. He added, “Thankfully, we’ve had the province as well as the federal government step up and partner on some of these initiatives, which is great. It’s good for all of us. We’re all on the same rock so let’s do our part to ensure that we have a future…our children can take advantage of for generations to come.”

In the federal press release announcing the funding, Cape Breton-Canso MP Mike Kelloway – whose riding includes the MODG – commented, “Our government recognizes the importance of investing in green and energy efficient infrastructure. Through this solar energy project, the Municipality of the District of Guysborough will make strides in Canada’s transition to clean and innovative energy solutions. We will continue working with our partners to foster greener, more resilient communities, where residents can thrive.”

Lois Ann Dort, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, Guysborough Journal
Haiti, Portugal qualify for Women's World Cup for 1st time

Wed, February 22, 2023 


AUCKLAND, New Zealand (AP) — Haiti and Portugal qualified for the FIFA Women's World Cup finals for the first time after winning playoff matches Wednesday in New Zealand on Wednesday.

Carole Costa scored a 94th-minute clincher in Portugal's 2-1 win over the Cameroon “Lionesses” who have reached the round of 16 at the last two World Cups.

Haiti beat Chile 2-1 earlier Wednesday in an historic match it hopes will bring joy and “a breath of fresh air” to a strife-torn homeland.

Melchie Dumornay scored twice to ensure 55th-ranked Haiti will return to the southern hemisphere in July to play in Group D of the Women's World Cup alongside England, China and Denmark.

Haiti and Portugal have taken two of the last three places at the World Cup which will be decided at the this 10-team inter-continental playoff in New Zealand. Paraguay will play Panama Thursday for the last place in the 32-team tournament which will be co-hosted by Australia and New Zealand in July and August.

Haiti's Dumornay recently was signed by seven-time Champions League winners Lyon and showed why with two pieces of slick finishing. She won the race to a through ball from Roselord Borgella in first-half stoppage time to give Haiti a 1-0 lead at the break.

Dumornay then seemed to make the game safe in the eighth of 11 minutes added on by the referee after Chile captain Christiane Endler had saved Nerilia Mondesir's attempt from the penalty spot.

But Maria Jose Rojas scored in the 11th minute of stoppage time to keep Chile’s hopes alive and make the final moments nerve-wracking for Haiti’s Les Grenadiers, who held on to claim an historic victory.

Players shed tears of joy when the final whistle blew, reflecting on success attained in the most difficult of circumstances.

Haiti’s Les Grenadiers had to win two matches in New Zealand to qualify for their first World Cup. They beat Senegal 4-0 in their opening match and then beat 38th-ranked Chile for their first ever win over a South American opponent.

Prior to the tournament midfielder Danielle Etienne told ESPN “there’s a lot of unhappiness in the country and football is the joy."

“Being able to qualify to the World Cup would be major," she said at the time. "We want that for the country as a whole, to have a breath of fresh air and kind of step aside from anything going on.”

While Portugal's win was sealed late it came at the end of a dominant performance. Portugal had 20 shots on goal, most of which were comfortably saved by Cameroon's 16-year-old goalkeeper Cathy Biya who was promoted after Ange Bawou was sent off against Thailand.

Diana Gomes gave Portugal the lead after 22 minutes and the match seemed to be heading to extra time when Ajara Nchout Njoya equalized for Cameroon in the 89th minute.

But an Estelle Johnson hand ball was spotted after a VAR check and Costa scored from the penalty spot.


Australia wins Cup of Nations women's soccer tournament

Wed, February 22, 2023 

NEWCASTLE, Australia (AP) — Australia remained unbeaten to win the Cup of Nations women’s soccer tournament on Wednesday with a 3-0 victory over Jamaica.

Katrina Gorry gave the Matildas a 1-0 lead in the 28th minute before Alex Chidiac (56th) and Caitlan Foord (69th) finished the scoring.

The home side was unbeaten in three matches and scored 10 goals. It was Australia's seventh straight victory overall.

Earlier Wednesday, Esther Gonzalez scored two goals to lead Spain to a 3-0 victory over Czech Republic and force the Matildas to at least draw their late match against Jamaica.

Gonzalez scored in the 29th and 40th minutes in the rain-filled match at Newcastle, north of Sydney, before Athenea del Castillo sealed the win with an 84th-minute penalty.

Spain won two of its three matches, the Czechs one of three and Jamaica lost all three of its games.

The tournament was an early warmup event for the Women’s World Cup scheduled from July 20 to Aug. 20 in Australia and New Zealand.

The Associated Press

DIDN'T DO THAT TO N.KOREA
Google tests blocking news content for some Canadians in response to government bill

Wed, February 22, 2023 


OTTAWA — Google is blocking some Canadian users from viewing news content in what the company says is a test run of a potential response to the Liberal government's online news bill.

Also known as Bill C-18, the Online News Act would require digital giants such as Google and Meta, which owns Facebook, to negotiate deals that would compensate Canadian media companies for republishing their content on their platforms.

The company said Wednesday that it is temporarily limiting access to news content for under four per cent of its Canadian users as it assesses possible responses to the bill. The change applies to its ubiquitous search engine as well as the Discover feature on Android devices, which carries news and sports stories.

All types of news content are being affected by the test, which will run for about five weeks, the company said. That includes content created by Canadian broadcasters and newspapers.

"We're briefly testing potential product responses to Bill C-18 that impact a very small percentage of Canadian users," Google spokesman Shay Purdy said in a written statement on Wednesday in response to questions from The Canadian Press.

The company runs thousands of tests each year to assess any potential changes to its search engine, he added.

"We've been fully transparent about our concern that C-18 is overly broad and, if unchanged, could impact products Canadians use and rely on every day," Purdy said.

A spokeswoman for Canadian Heritage Minister Pablo Rodriguez said Canadians will not be intimidated and called it disappointing that Google is borrowing from Meta's playbook.

Last year, that company threatened to block news off its site in response to the bill.

"This didn't work in Australia, and it won't work here because Canadians won’t be intimidated. At the end of the day, all we're asking the tech giants to do is compensate journalists when they use their work," spokeswoman Laura Scaffidi said in a statement Wednesday.

"Canadians need to have access to quality, fact-based news at the local and national levels, and that's why we introduced the Online News Act. Tech giants need to be more transparent and accountable to Canadians."

Rodriguez has argued the bill, which is similar to a law that Australia passed in 2021, will "enhance fairness" in the digital news marketplace by creating a framework and bargaining process for online behemoths to pay media outlets.

But Google expressed concerns in a House of Commons committee that the prospective law does not require publishers to adhere to basic journalistic standards, that it would favour large publishers over smaller outlets and that it could result in the proliferation of "cheap, low quality, clickbait content" over public interest journalism.

The company has said it would rather pay into a fund, similar to the Canada Media Fund, that would pay news publishers indirectly.

The bill passed the House of Commons in December and is set to be studied in the Senate in the coming months.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Feb. 22, 2023.

Mickey Djuric, The Canadian Press



How the science behind salmon farms and sea lice became so contentious

Thu, February 23, 2023 

Members of the DFO routinely visit farms surrounding British Columbia to make sure that the health of the salmon populations in fish farms is up to standard.
 
(The Canadian Press /Jonathan Hayward - image credit)

A federal decision to shut down 15 open-net Atlantic salmon farms around B.C.'s Discovery Islands is being lauded as a win for protecting wild salmon, and a significant blow to the fish-farm industry — all while reigniting a decades-old debate between industry and scientists.

The decision from Ottawa came just weeks after a Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) report found no "statistically significant association" between sea lice infestations among wild juvenile chum and pink salmon and the fish farms they migrate past along the B.C. coast.

The report, which was based on data provided by fish-farm operators, noted there has been an upward trend of sea lice infestation in the studied areas, which include Clayoquot Sound and the Discovery Islands, since 2013.

The science establishing the link between salmon farms and increased sea lice infestations has been an issue of fierce debate for years, with industry representatives, academics, DFO scientists, and environmental activists citing conflicting data sets.

Even after announcing the decision to permanently close the 15 farms, the DFO didn't comment directly on the correlation between the two, saying by shutting down the farms it is taking an "enhanced precautionary approach."

"Recent science indicates that there is uncertainty with respect to the risks posed by aquaculture farms in the Discovery Islands area to wild Pacific salmon, and to the cumulative effect of any farm-related impacts on this iconic species," read a statement from the office of Minister of Fisheries and Oceans Joyce Murray.

"This was a difficult, but necessary decision."

A flashpoint on the coast

At the centre of the debate is the question of whether wild salmon become infected by sea lice as they migrate past fish farms along the B.C. coast.

The Discovery Islands area is a key migration route for wild salmon, where narrow passages bring migrating juvenile salmon into close contact with the farms.

Parasitic sea lice occur naturally in the Pacific Ocean, but tend to thrive in fish farms because of the high density of fish. While sea lice don't generally harm adult fish, they can weaken or even kill young fish once they attach to their skin.

Salmon farms are required to perform monthly counts of the sea lice on their fish and make those numbers publicly available. The counts are self-reported, but fisheries officials perform occasional, pre-arranged audits to make sure the numbers are accurate.


Submitted by Mack Bartlett

A 2020 study found mandatory sea lice counts performed by the operators of the fish farms drop by between 15 and 50 per cent when they're not being done during an audit.

Brian Kingzett, executive director of the B.C. Salmon Farmers Association, said the industry and First Nations stakeholders were blindsided by the federal announcement after years of collaboration and consultation. Kingzett said the salmon farm industry has become a target for environmental activists and "a convenient scapegoat for the decline of wild salmon."

"Years and years of data have been provided by farm monitoring, by our licensed veterinarians and independent wild fish monitoring, that was commissioned by the industry," said Kingzett, speaking from Nanaimo.

"They could not find a causative correlation there. That goes along with what we've known for a long time from our internal data and the minister chose to ignore all that science."

In the initial news release about the decision, the DFO said wild salmon are facing a series of threats, including climate change, habitat degradation and both regulated and illegal fishing — threats Kingzett said aren't being addressed as aggressively as the farms.

"She's not going to shut down commercial fishing. She's not shutting down recreational fishing. She's not making sure that we have less pollutants going into the Strait of Georgia," he said.

Jonathan Hayward/The Canadian Press

Alexandra Morton, a marine biologist and independent researcher with 30 years experience in campaigning to save wild salmon populations, said she's relieved to see the decision from Murray.

"It's a brave decision by the minister because I know this was not easy," she said.

Morton said the conclusions reached in the DFO study from January reflected unreliable sampling data provided by farmers and consulting firms hired by them — a claim the farms deny. The DFO study does reference past reports that have found that infestations on both farmed and wild salmon were correlated within 30 kilometres of farms.

After the report was published, a group of 16 scientists slammed the report, citing inconsistencies and a lack of formal peer review.

"All these scientists see the same thing as I do. When you have salmon farms, you get sea lice on juvenile wild salmon. There's also infection with the viruses and the bacteria that are flourishing in these farms," said Morton.

Morton, who says her findings are backed up by researchers at the University of British Columbia, the University of Toronto, and other labs, has called on the industry to make its data available via OpenAccess, so that academics can conduct their own analysis and replicate the results independently.

"If they want to clear this up, just release their data," she said. "Let's have a look and have a rational discussion about this."

Morton said among the most reliable research methods, which has established a correlation between infections and farms, is genomic profiling, which can detect when fish immune systems are responding and becoming weakened.

Toxic debate


Researchers agree the question has turned not just divisive but toxic, resulting in online mudslinging and accusations of cherry-picking data.

When asked about the province's understanding of where the science stands, the Ministry of Water, Land and Resource Stewardship said in an email that the DFO "has the authority and the scientific expertise relating to licensing of aquaculture farms and B.C. looks to them to do this in a way that protects wild salmon health."

Kingzett said that while the industry doesn't always like the results of DFO findings, they stand by them.

"We have a situation where we have campaigning groups that have their scientists, we have our scientists, but we're always seen as industry," he said.

"We see this on social media all the time, that it's fraudulent, that there's a conspiracy."

Morton said the issue has in part become so polarized because scientists within the DFO are divided into two separate camps, putting the minister in charge in an impossible position.

"The DFO needs to reconcile in their own house. How can the regulating body have completely opposing scientists inside?" she said.

"It is a manufactured debate and it is extremely dangerous because at this point in the world we need to really look at what our impact is on the wild natural world."

Losses


Murray said the federal government is committed to developing a "responsible plan to transition from open-net pen salmon farming in coastal B.C. waters.''

The province said that it is disappointed the federal announcement "does not outline a federal support plan for First Nations, communities and workers that rely on salmon aquaculture for their livelihoods."

Kingzett said shutting down the farms will deal a devastating blow, with a 24 per cent reduction in production, up to 1,500 jobs at risk, and up to 10.7 million eggs and young fish euthanized. To make up for the decrease in locally-farmed salmon, fish are now being brought in from Chile and Norway.

"It's a big problem related to food security, to climate change, to wild fisheries. Instead of us coming up with comprehensive solutions, what we're doing is we're having an argument that just basically says burn it all down. We're farmers trying to do a good job," he said.
Strength of “aunty love” imbues debut horror novel centred on dreams

Wed, February 22, 2023 

In writing her debut novel Bad Cree, author Jessica Johns did exactly what her characters did: They threw off the constraints of colonial thinking and embraced their Cree traditions.

The short story of the same name which spawned the novel are both centred on the dreams of main character Mackenzie. While the short story is more mystical in nature, the novel turns that mysticism up a notch and launches into a taut fantasy horror.

It takes Mackenzie a while to embrace her dreams and understand their importance. But not so for Johns. She had been challenged by her instructor during a creative writing course as she was finishing her master’s degree in fine arts at the University of British Columbia. The instructor told her that dreams would “bore the reader.”

“It was really disillusioning to hear that something that I knew to be very valid, like listening and paying attention to dreams, was, in a colonial framework and in a colonial kind of mindset, frowned upon and advised against,” said Johns, a member of the Sucker Creek First Nation in Alberta.

It didn’t “sit right” with her and she continued to think about it “and I just decided instead of listening to that advice I was going to rebel against it in my own way.”

Her poetry chapbook, “How Not to Spill,” which preceded the two versions of Bad Cree, is filled with dreams and dream imagery as well.

“I just knew that how valid dreams were to me, that they were also to other people and…I knew that people would identify with dreams and dreaming and the validity of them so I really wanted to write that truth into the book,” said Johns.


And she wasn’t wrong. Johns embraced her culture to write a novel that resulted in a bidding war between three publishing companies.

Dreams have a deep meaning in Bad Cree. On the surface they act as the catalyst for Mackenzie to leave Vancouver. Her nightmares are disrupting her life and she returns home to High Prairie in northeastern Alberta to reconnect with her family. In this way, the dreams explore at various levels what Indigenous people in Canada have lost.


Johns points to Mackenzie’s reticence to even discuss her dreams with the women members of her family as a tangible impact of colonial violence. It is a reticence shared by her family members.

“Colonialism and the violences of policies against practising language, practising ceremony, has, for a lot of Indigenous people, imbued a lot of shame in themselves and in the things they inherently know and can do because they’ve been told for generations and generations that we’re not allowed to practise these things. They’ve been really suppressed,” said Johns.

In Vancouver, Mackenzie has a connection with Joli, who is Squamish, but Mackenzie is still lonely because she doesn’t have a connection to her own Cree cultural knowledge as she is isolated from her family.

“Mackenzie is disconnected from community in both ways. When she’s living in Vancouver, she’s not a really great community member. She’s not really engaged in the community around her...When she goes home, she’s not really living in a great way there either. She isn’t very forthcoming with her family…so I think it was important to show (that) even though she was physically in Vancouver and physically in High Prairie in Treaty 8 territory, she was still disconnected because she wasn’t giving her energy to the community members she should be in good relationship with,” said Johns.

Turning the short story into a novel gave Johns the ability to develop the characters fully and to draw out their motivations.

Mackenzie is “a very avoidant person. She doesn’t accept help or doesn’t accept love very easily. It made sense for the novel to be able to really take my time with that and really lean into that,” said Johns.

As much as Johns employed dreams to tell her story, she also employed a legend that is shared by numerous First Nations’ cultures. As soon as Johns knew the short story would become a novel she made the immediate decision to go with a “greater force that was descending upon this family.”

The greater force is also representative of and created by the greed in today’s world, which sees landscape changed through “the violence of land extraction and continued settlements and displacement of Indigenous people from their land,” said Johns. Mackenzie returns home to find the booming oilfield industry gone. Now, the town is quieter, stores are closed, and the land has been bled.

“Those really go hand-in-hand with the greater force that they deal with and the rest of the changes she sees in her family members and how she comes to terms with all of it,” said Johns.

Johns pulled on a number of versions of the legend and took “creative liberties” similar to other Indigenous authors to embellish the “greater force” (which we won’t name here), including its ability to infiltrate dreams as “that just worked into the story so that’s what I used.”

Aside from some heart-stopping moments that will thrill readers, Johns said she hopes something more will resonate.

“I think it’s a success if people feel like they are in some way deemed seen or represented in a good way. I think the biggest thing that I hope people see, I really imbued a lot of aunty love in this and how powerful and beautiful and big the love (is) between aunties and family, whether that is blood relation or not,” said Johns. “I hope that they see a powerful love and connection with family and aunties in the book.”

As for the title of the novel, Johns said many Indigenous people feel that being separated from their culture, ways and traditions makes them “bad.”

“I think (Mackenzie) initially thinks that…and it’s not (true). Because it is not her fault that she doesn’t know her cultural knowledge that she has every inherent right to know. It is a shame that belongs to the Canadian state. It’s a shame that belongs to assimilation tactics and violences that again have been happening to her family for generations… (and) she really has to shed that idea (because)…she’s Cree no matter what,” said Johns.

Bad Cree, published by HarperCollins Canada, is available now in bookstores and online.

Windspeaker.com

By Shari Narine, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, Windspeaker.com, Windspeaker.com
NDP slams Liberals for failing to close funding gap for northern Indigenous communities


Wed, February 22, 2023

Ottawa is grossly underfunding Indigenous housing, the NDP says, adding it will take more than five decades to fix housing in First Nations communities at the current rate the federal government is investing.

Indigenous services critics Lori Idlout, MP for Nunavut, and Niki Ashton, MP for Churchill—Keewatinook, called out the Liberals at a press conference on Thursday, saying there is no way the government will be able to fulfil its promise to close the housing gap and provide adequate housing in Indigenous communities by 2030.

Ottawa’s current funding — $2.7 billion over the past seven years and an additional $4 billion over the next seven — is nowhere near enough, Ashton and Idlout said. Research by the Assembly of First Nations states First Nations will require $40 billion to address the current housing crisis by 2030, with another $16 billion to address future needs.

Indigenous communities were facing a housing crisis long before the rest of Canada, Ashton said in an interview, with the estimated number of homes needed on reserve between 35,000 and 85,000.

Ashton also described the state of housing in her own constituency as “akin to Third World living conditions.”

“We’re talking overcrowded homes, mould-infested homes, homes that are falling apart, people relying on tarps to close off parts of their home,” she added.

The waiting lists for on-reserve housing continue to grow, Ashton said. The numbers, which stretch into the hundreds for First Nations in her northern Manitoba riding, are a “clear reflection of the gap,” she said.

Under the current system, funding for on-reserve housing is disbursed to First Nations to build and renovate houses, as well as provide maintenance, insurance, planning and management of the community’s housing needs.

The NDP submitted two order paper questions regarding funding for First Nations: the first asked about how many loans were requested, disbursed and defaulted upon since 2015; the second asked how much housing funding was requested and delivered, and how many homes were ultimately built with that funding.

Half of the $2.7 billion spent on housing in Indigenous communities was awarded to specific housing projects as a one-time investment, out of which 2,049 of 3,000 projects were completed, according to the response to the order paper questions.

Another billion was committed through loan guarantees to cover for First Nations unable to repay housing loans.

Patty Hajdu, minister of Indigenous Services, told Canada’s National Observer the government needs to have realistic time frames when it comes to getting money into communities. Since 2016, there has been $4 billion on the books for Indigenous housing but only $1.3 billion has been spent, she said.

Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Canada’s National housing agency, also told Canada’s National Observer through a written answer that the release of funding lags their commitments because monies are only released as projects progress, which often stretches multiple fiscal years.

For example, money is committed by Ottawa and designated for specific projects, but delays often halt the process depending on challenges regarding water and energy infrastructure and, at times, jurisdictional overlap between First Nations and the provinces, Hajdu explained.

Take a subdivision in Attawapiskat, Ont., which would require building on traditional territory that’s currently Crown land owned by Ontario, Hajdu added.

“I agree with the NDP that we have to be thoughtful and that we have to be strategic if we’re going to hit the 2030 goal, but it isn’t just money alone that will close that gap,” Hajdu said.

The NDP’s criticism comes on the heels of the release of the Federal Program Spending on Housing in 2022 report by the parliamentary budget officer. The report notes Ottawa committed more than $89 billion over 10 years starting in the 2018-19 fiscal year as part of its National Housing Strategy.

The report, including Ottawa’s National Housing Strategy, exludes Indigenous-specific programs administered by Indigenous Services Canada and Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada.

“Reconciliation should mean action, and one of the areas that require immediate action is housing,” Ashton said.

In a previous interview, Idlout reiterated the need for a $6-billion investment over two years to address immediate housing needs put forward by the federal government’s National Housing Strategy.

Idlout understands the urgency. Her home territory of Nunavut faces the same housing problems as First Nations across other provinces and territories. Idlout encouraged more people, and specifically Hajdu, to visit homes in Nunavut.

“Go and visit the homes that I see, go and see people living in overcrowded housing situations, visit Arviat who has families who have created shifts for who is going to sleep in which bedrooms,” Idlout said at the press conference.

“I hope [Minister Hajdu] comes to Nunavut and sees the realities I’m seeing.”

Idlout also noted Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami’s pre-budget submission estimates an initial capital investment of $55.3 billion over 10 years.

While it’s unclear if Ottawa’s 2023 budget will increase housing for Indigenous funding, Hajdu said she is “always ambitious” in the space of Indigenous equity.

“It’s simplistic to think there’s an easy answer… but it’s my job to help communities to unlock the tools they need, including financial tools, to move their community forward.”

Matteo Cimellaro / Canada’s National Observer / Local Journalism Initiative

Matteo Cimellaro, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, Canada's National Observer
Judge to amend order restricting strike action in Yellowknife


Wed, February 22, 2023 



YELLOWKNIFE — A Northwest Territories Supreme Court judge says he will amend an order restricting strike action in Yellowknife after mediation between lawyers representing the city and Public Service Alliance of Canada.

Justice Andrew Mahar had been set to lift the injunction altogether Wednesday morning after the parties agreed to a picketing protocol Tuesday. However, during a court appearance, the lawyers disagreed over whether it should be replaced with an additional court order outlining the terms of their agreement.

Chris Buchanan, representing the city, said having a court order was important to his client, which he argued was reasonable and a common practice in Alberta.

"This reflects the serious nature of what my client was seeking in the first place," he said.

"If they are following the picketing protocol, then what's the concern?"

Michael Fisher, the union's lawyer, said that's not what was agreed. He said his client is concerned the employer had gone to court too quickly and improperly used the court as leverage in their labour dispute, rather than addressing picketing concerns directly with the union.

"As far as I'm concerned, we have an agreement," he said.

The City of Yellowknife had applied for and was granted the temporary injunction on Feb. 14, claiming that wait times for vehicles delayed by picketing workers at municipal sites was increasing and, if not addressed, could cause irreparable harm. The order was granted on an ex parte basis, meaning it was made without input from the union, due to "the serious mischief or injustice that may result from a delay."

The injunction prevented union members from obstructing access to sites where the city operates for 10 days and said no more than six people could picket at those locations. It also said any delay to those sites should only be to convey information, with total delay time not exceeding 10 minutes.

The union had applied to lift the injunction. On Friday, Mahar amended the terms of the order, lifting the restriction on the number of people on the picket line.

On Wednesday, Mahar said with the parties failing to come to an agreement regarding lifting the injunction altogether, he would instead further amend the order to reflect the agreed terms of the picketing protocol, before a hearing could be held.

"I'm sorry things went sideways," he said. "I thought we'd accomplished a fair bit yesterday and maybe we did."

Buchanan, who was tasked with drafting the amendments, said that would include changing the delay time restrictions from 10 to 15 minutes and removing a section in the order stating union members could not threaten, coerce, harass or intimidate agents of the city.

A hearing on the injunction has been scheduled for March 2, but Mahar said the city and union could still come to an agreement before then.

"Good luck and I'll see you then," he said.

Unionized workers with the City of Yellowknife have been locked out and on strike since Feb. 8 after the parties failed to reach a deal on a new collective agreement with wages being a sticking point.

The city has said its offer to the union includes base wage increases of two per cent per year for 2022 and 2023.

The union had been seeking a five per cent raise in 2022 and three per cent raise in 2023 among other benefits. It said it's latest proposal, which it presented to the city on Feb. 13, included wage increases of 3.75 per cent in 2022 and 2023, signing bonuses, and an additional day of paid personal leave per year.

"We feel our last proposal was fair and reasonable and we are hoping that city council will provide the employer with a new mandate that will allow our bargaining teams to close the gap, and get us back to work," the union said in a statement on Wednesday.

The city and the Union of Northern Workers, a component of the Public Service Alliance of Canada, began bargaining in May. Talks broke down late last year and workers voted to strike last month.

The parties then agreed to re-enter mediated negotiations, but a lockout and strike ensued after the union rejected the city’s offer. Further talks on Feb. 13 also failed to result in an agreement.

The previous collective agreement between the city and union expired at the end of 2021.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Feb. 22, 2023.

This story was produced with the financial assistance of the Meta and Canadian Press News Fellowship.

Emily Blake, The Canadian Press
Baidu to implement ChatGPT-like Ernie Bot chatbot from March

Wed, February 22, 2023 



HONG KONG (AP) — Baidu Inc., one of China’s biggest search and artificial intelligence firms, said Wednesday it plans to implement its artificial intelligence chatbot Ernie into its search services from March.

Baidu, which is known for its search engine and autonomous driving technology, leads China's efforts to create an equivalent of OpenAI’s ChatGPT chatbot. It said earlier this month that it will complete internal testing of Ernie Bot in March before making the service public.

In an internal memo, Baidu CEO Robin Li said that Ernie Bot will be integrated across all of Baidu’s operations, including its search and cloud services. Baidu also plans to integrate Ernie into its smart car operating system and smart speaker.

The company's stock price in New York jumped nearly 7% in pre-market trading Wednesday to more than $150 a share.

“AI technology has reached a tipping point and all industries will inevitably go through transformation,” Li said in the memo.

“Baidu stands as the best example of the long-term growth of China’s AI market and is advancing at the forefront of this new wave,” he said.

The company also announced a $5 billion share buyback on Wednesday.

Baidu reported revenues of 33.1 billion yuan ($4.8 billion) for the quarter that ended in December, about level with the same period of 2021.

Most of Baidu’s revenue comes from its online marketing services, which generated 18.1 billion yuan ($2.62 billion) in sales in the last quarter.

Its Apollo Go autonomous ride-hailing services provided 561,000 rides in the fourth quarter, up 162% from a year earlier.

After years of regulatory scrutiny following a crackdown on the technology sector and a sluggish economy battered by COVID-19, companies like Baidu look likely to invest more as China looks to the industry to revive the economy.

Zen Soo, The Associated Press
SIDE DEAL OF BIDEN VISIT
Poland to develop 1st nuclear power plant with Westinghouse

Wed, February 22, 2023 at 3:59 a.m. MST·1 min read

WARSAW, Poland (AP) — Poland and the Westinghouse Electric Company signed a deal Wednesday for pre-design cooperation on the central European nation’s first nuclear power plant using the American company's technology.

Poland’s minister for climate and environment, Anna Moskwa, and U.S. Ambassador to Poland Mark Brzezinski signed the deal in Warsaw during a visit by U.S. President Joe Biden. Brzezinski stressed that energy is crucial for economic development.

Moskwa said construction of the plant is expected to begin in 2026. The facility is expected to start supplying Poland's power grid in 2032, she said.

Poland is taking strides in embracing renewable energy, but gets almost 70% of its energy from black and brown coal.

The cooperation agreement signed Wednesday involves Poland’s nuclear energy development company, PEJ, Westinghouse Electric Company and Westinghouse Electric Poland.

Additional contracts are expected to be signed later this year, Moskwa said.

The Associated Press