Friday, October 27, 2023

NB Tories blasted for daycare wait list higher than 3,000

Story by The Canadian Press  • 

New Brunswick’s education minister is blaming Ottawa for the shortage of affordable daycare spaces in the province, even though his Progressive Conservative government signed a $492-million deal less than two years ago to help parents of young children.

Under fire Thursday for a wait list for daycare space that’s grown to more than 3,000 children, Education Minister Bill Hogan repeatedly said in question period that the agreement New Brunswick had forged with the Trudeau Liberal government in Ottawa favoured designated, non-profit daycares, even though the majority of daycares in the province are for-profit.

The for-profits are being left out in the cold, he argued.

“We do have targets as we move forward but the ultimate goal is to have no spaces left to give out,” the minister told the house. “The only way we can do that in New Brunswick is we renegotiate the deal with the federal government, with some co-operation from the Liberals in Ottawa, that they recognize our unique situation.”

He said Prince Edward Island had forged an agreement that was better, allowing daycares that make 10 per cent profit or less to be designated non-profit and become eligible for government funding. 

Hogan then called upon the Liberal opposition to reach out to “their Liberal cousins,” to get some traction.

“Please call Mr. Trudeau.”

The Opposition Liberals, who dedicated the entire portion of their questions to the daycare dilemma, hit back that it was the Tory government’s responsibility to re-negotiate with Ottawa, not an opposition party.

Liberal Leader Susan Holt demanded to know why the throne speech delivered Oct. 17 said the Tory government planned on creating 550 subsidized daycare spaces, when the wait list is closer to 3,300 or worse, given that some parents only put their children on daycare waiting lists, not the provincial government’s master list.

She cited several unnamed parents who could not return to work because they couldn’t find a daycare space for their child, including a Fredericton surgeon and an obstetrician-gynecologist who aren’t taking patients until they find a decent spot for their six-month old infant. Another employee at one of Holt's favourite businesses in Bathurst, which she represents as an MLA, has taken a six-month leave of absence because she can’t find daycare for her child, the Liberal leader claimed.

Talking to reporters afterwards, she said she didn't have permission to divulge their names.

New Brunswick was the last of the provinces to sign the five-year deal in 2021, which an independent research group, Cardus, said last week led to it having “underwhelming results” in the first year.

The agreement was supposed to reduce fees for parents by half of the 2019 average fee by the end of year one, or March 31, 2022, and to an average of $10 a day by year five.

Now halfway through the deal, the average out-of-pocket child care fee after subsidies for New Brunswick families is $12.82 a day, according to the Department of Education and Early Childhood Development.

The deal was also meant to ensure more daycares would be designated with the higher standard of early childcare centres, with 3,400 full-time-equivalent new spaces created by the end of the agreement in 2027.

That would be the equivalent of 680 new spaces a year, a target New Brunswick is failing to achieve.

Hogan told reporters his government had set 550 spaces as a goal this year because it was a realistic target, given some complicating factors. Acknowledging that there was a dire need for more infant spaces, he noted that daycare centres had to get the proper designation before applying for the spots. The provincial government maintains a grid where the most needy places are prioritized according to location and whether they serve children in English or French.

“It’s not as simple as ‘we need a space, give it to me.’ They have to demonstrate they’re capable and there has to be a real need in that area and in the right language.”

As for why New Brunswick signed a deal it is less than satisfied with two years later, Hogan said he wasn’t the minister at the time, alluding to former minister Dominic Cardy, who quit cabinet last year after getting into some very public disagreements with Premier Blaine Higgs over several issues.

Hogan said at the moment, talks about changing the agreement remain at the departmental level between provincial and federal bureaucrats.

“If we don’t have any success at that level, we’ll have to move it into the political domain,” the minister said. 

He also insisted Holt could help by calling Trudeau and the federal government’s senior Liberal cabinet minister in New Brunswick, Dominic LeBlanc.

“She could certainly help move that dial so we could get more childcare spaces.”

Holt called it an abdication of responsibility.

“If they’re telling us they can’t do that and they want us to do that instead, that suggests to me they can’t do their jobs.”

She added that she didn’t “have a hotline” to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and it was up to Higgs to take action.

“I’m fairly certain the prime minister would respond to the premier of the province before me.”

Part of Holt’s frustration was the lack of answers when she asked about Carrefour Beausoleil, a francophone daycare in Miramichi with 200 children that wants to expand by 100 spaces.

She said even though the daycare has the proper designation, it’s been rejected by the department. Hogan had responded that he didn’t have any details about that particular application and couldn’t comment.

Green MLA Kevin Arseneau said every part of the province had a waitlist, including the communities of Rogersville and Richibucto in his own riding of Kent North just south of Miramichi. 

He said the Tories had no one but themselves to blame.

“They’re scapegoating and trying to blame someone else,” Arseneau said. “Go to Ottawa and negotiate the deal you signed, but while you’re negotiating don’t stop working on the problems.”

Much of the issue, he said, was driven by a lack of personnel. He said it didn’t help matters that most daycare providers make a maximum of $24 an hour.

“Daycares are telling me that they are losing a lot of employees to schools, as teacher assistants make $35 an hour or $31 if they only have a Grade 12 education,” he said, adding he thought that was a fair wage for T.A.s, but he believes daycare providers should make the same amount. “The experts tell us that the most education we can give to a child is from 0 to age 5. So we need to give that kind of prestige to the work they are doing.”

John Chilibeck, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, The Daily Gleaner


SEE

https://plawiuk.blogspot.com/2023/10/saskatchewan-manitoba-and-newfoundland.html


New book describes pipeline activism grounded in First Nations spiritual belief and ceremony

Story by The Canadian Press  • 

It Stops Here: Standing Up for Our Lands, Our Waters, and Our People is a powerful work by Rueben George that chronicles his journey in leading Tsleil-Waututh Nation’s fight against the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion in British Columbia.

And while the expansion is set to start operating in the first quarter of 2024, boosting the pipeline’s capacity to 890,000 barrels per day from 300,000 and carrying oil from Alberta to Burnaby, BC, George still believes the fight has been a victory.

“We said ‘No.’ We said, ‘No’ like our ancestors have. We were stewards of our lands and our waters till the bitter end. And that in itself is something. We didn't settle. We didn't negotiate, and that's something. We said ‘No’ like our ancestors did,” said George.

To understand fully the victory is to understand the concept of naut'sa mawt, which George defines in his book as “everything is interconnected and related.”

As he writes, “This fight against the pipeline is also a much bigger story about who we are and why we fight to protect what we have. The story that I want to tell is the story of our people and our reciprocal relationship with our lands and waters dating back to our First Mother.”

It is that connectedness that sees George start his story with the impact of colonization, Indian residential schools and the brutality of intergenerational trauma.


Related video: Who should preserve treaties between First Nations and the Crown? (cbc.ca)
Duration 3:57  View on Watch


“What I talk about in the book (is) that generational pain is passed on. But also the good things are passed on. And what's helped us is our culture and our spirituality,” he said.

George recounts the “horrible things” that happened to him, his own hardships, his addictions and alcoholism, his reputation as a brawler, his broken marriage.

But then there was the healing through ceremony.

“So at the other side of that healing of myself, I connected to our lands and our waters and our people and everything on it.” he said. He recalled his grandfather, Academy Award-winning actor Chief Dan George, who at the height of his fame said ‘All I want is for the grass to hear me.’

It was something Rueben understood intimately.

“We heal in ceremony with the elements: Fire, earth, water and sky. Then we gain connection to fire, earth, water and sky. And we have a responsibility when we feel good because of that ceremony.

“Let's give back to the things that help us to feel better. That's the human beings and fire, earth, water and sky. We protect what we learn to love to help us to heal,” Rueben said.

It was only natural then for that love to translate into a battle against the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion.

In It Stops Here, George writes about the many protests, which included his mother Ta’ah Amy George standing at his side; teaming up with environmental groups; presentations to the National Energy Board; undertaking legal challenges at the Federal Court of Appeal; meeting with Justin Trudeau’s Liberal Cabinet; and speaking at a board meeting hosted by Kinder Morgan, the original owner of the Transmountain Pipeline.

He has no doubt that the protest efforts of the Tsleil-Waututh Nation caused Kinder Morgan to back out of the project, forcing Canada to purchase the pipeline for $4.5 billion in 2018.

In a recent Globe and Mail article, Dawn Farrell, CEO for the Trans Mountain Crown corporation, lists the numerous obstacles the expansion faced. She does not include First Nations opposition.

That doesn’t surprise George.

“The first thing that comes to mind is (Farrell) not recognizing the Indigenous rights that we fought on to delay (the pipeline) as long as we did, because we went to court and we sent them back to the drawing board,” said George.

Farrell also spoke about the need to include Indigenous co-ownership in the pipeline when Canada sells it.

While George acknowledges that many First Nations supported the pipeline expansion, along with the economic opportunities it presented, he contends that owning the pipeline is not a deal. In fact, he calls it a “stranded asset.”

“We did multiple economic analysis of this pipeline, working with world renowned economists, and we explained that it doesn't make sense. And then the Federal Court of Appeal judges agreed with us. They said, ‘Your economic analysis is right, and Canada is wrong, but we're still going to side with the best interest of Canada.’ So even when we won, we still lost,” George said.

He adds that almost 13 years ago the projected price tag of the pipeline was pegged at $7 billion, with the estimated debt to be paid off in 20 years. Now that pipeline has a $31 billion debt attached to it.

“So the chances of making money are minimal,” said George.

“What I'm afraid of is First Nations’ involvement in this stranded asset, which could be economic smallpox… I hope they do their due diligence and look at it and work with experts that will find what we found, that it's not profitable and it's not good for our economy. It's not good for First Nations. I really, really hope they look at that because that's why no one else has bought it,” he said.

As for the pipeline creating jobs, George urges First Nations to consider green energy, which does not have the fallout of atmospheric rivers, floods, fires, melting ice and endangering species.

George came around to writing this part-memoir, part-activist account after meeting award-winning author Michael Simpson. Simpson had intended to write a book about the opposition to the Trans Mountain pipeline expansion. Then he met George.

As Simpson writes in It Stops Here “…it quickly became clear that this was a story about so much more than the pipeline. Rueben’s story is the story of the Tsleil-Waututh people and their ancestral connection to the lands and waters in which their legal and spiritual systems are grounded.”

George admits that “everybody sort of thinks about” writing a book and Simpson, who became a close friend, gave him the opportunity to more than think about it.

George recalled talking it over with his son Cedar George Parker and telling him that he didn’t know what to write about. His son replied: “It’s easy, Daddy…It’s like Star Wars…It’s the Georges and the rebels against the evil empire.”

It Stops Here: Standing Up for Our Lands, Our Waters, and our People is published by Penguin Random House Canada and is available at https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/688127/it-stops-here-by-rueben-george-with-michael-simpson/

Windspeaker.com

By Shari Narine, Local Journalism Initiative Reporter, Windspeaker.com, Windspeaker.com

Kitchener Centre NDP riding association calls for party leader Marit Stiles to resign after Sarah Jama ousted


Story by Kate Bueckert •  CBC


The Kitchener Centre NDP riding association has called on Ontario NDP Leader Marit Stiles to resign, a move being criticized by the local candidate in a yet-to-be called byelection.

The riding association publicly released a letter it says it sent to Stiles on Wednesday asking her to resign immediately, "due to her colossal failure to lead at an unprecedented time of war and rise of fascism."

It was released after Hamilton Centre MPP Sarah Jama was removed from the NDP caucus Monday, following her comments earlier this month in support of the people of Gaza as the Hamas-Israeli war that began Oct. 7 continues.

Jama's comments prompted Premier Doug Ford to call for the MPP's resignation and he accused her of antisemitism.

Stiles said in a statement that while the caucus allows different viewpoints, some of Jama's actions since making her comments "have contributed to unsafe work environments for staff."

"Ms. Jama and I had reached an agreement to keep her in the NDP caucus, which included working together in good faith with no surprises. Our caucus and staff have made significant efforts to support her during an undoubtedly difficult time," Stiles said.


Jama was kicked out of the NDP caucus this week. (Bobby Hristova/CBC)© Bobby Hristova/CBC

"Since then, she has undertaken a number of unilateral actions that have undermined our collective work and broken the trust of her colleagues."
Kitchener Centre seat currently empty

The Kitchener Centre NDP riding association letter said the group felt Stiles failed to support Jama.

"Rather than supporting MPP Sarah Jama's courageous leadership and principled stand to support human rights, you decided to distance yourself from MPP Sarah Jama for what appears to be short-term political calculus," the letter said.


The Kitchener Centre seat is vacant. Former MPP Laura Mae Lindo, who was an NDP member, stepped down in July to take on a new job at the University of Waterloo.

No date has been set for a byelection.

The NDP candidate is Debbie Chapman, a current Kitchener city councillor. In an email, Chapman told CBC News she was "very disappointed" the riding association executive did not consult with her when writing or releasing the letter.

"I am proud to be running to be the provincial voice for the people of Kitchener Centre, and to do so under the NDP — the only party that has taken a principled stance on the conflict in Israel-Palestine. I stand behind our leader," Chapman wrote.

Stiles has not yet responded to CBC K-W's request for comment on the riding association letter.
Call for leadership review

The Kitchener Centre NDP riding association isn't the only one condemning how Stiles has handled the situation with Jama.

The Hamilton Centre association for the riding Jama represents put out a statement saying removing Jama from the party "constitutes an attack on democracy, social justice and all those activists who fight for truth and human rights."


The Hamilton Centre riding association called for a leadership review.

Jama apologized online for her comments the day after she made them.

This week, Jama was removed from the party and censured at Queen's Park, meaning Speaker Ted Arnott cannot let her speak in the Ontario Legislature until she makes a verbal apology.

Jama said this week she will continue to work on behalf of her Hamilton constituents.


On Monday, Ontario NDP MPP Sarah Jama was 
censured by the Ontario legislature for her criticism of Israel

October 26, 2023



Dear Internationalist,

On Monday, Ontario NDP MPP Sarah Jama was censured by the Ontario legislature for her criticism of Israel, which has killed more than 7000 Palestinians over the past two weeks. Jama lost her ability to speak in the legislature. Subsequently Ontario NDP leader Marit Stiles expelled Jama from the party caucus, so she also has no party.

All because she spoke out against genocidal policies.

Tomorrow at 12PM ET the Canadian Foreign Policy Institute is hosting an online rally featuring Desmond Cole, Judy Rebick and many others titled "Defend Sarah Jama. Stop the Attack on Gaza."

REGISTER FOR ONLINE RALL




This week we also launched a letter to the Ontario NDP demanding they immediately reinstate Jama. Please take a minute to join thousands who’ve already taken action and email Ontario NDP leader Marit Stiles.

SEND A LETTER TO MARIT STILES

In other news, last week Canada hosted the first CARICOM conference ever held outside of the Caribbean. This week's edition of "Talking Foreign Policy" features Black Alliance for Peace’s Tamanisha John who breaks down what took place and addresses Canada’s immense influence in the region.



A reminder that CFPI relies on donations from activists like you to keep doing our work. Please consider becoming a monthly sustainer or making a donation. We need your support!

DONATE NOW

Peace & solidarity,

Bianca Mugyenyi
Director, Canadian Foreign Policy Institute

CANADIAN FOREIGN POLICY INSTITUTE

The Canadian Foreign Policy Institute informs people about the country’s diplomatic, aid, intelligence, trade and military policies abroad. The CFPI opposes the racism embedded in Canadian foreign policy.

Visit our site:
www.foreignpolicy.ca



Egyptian 'Book of the Dead' Scroll From 1550 B.C. Discovered in Ancient Cemetery

Story by Samyarup Chowdhury • Knewz.com 


Archaeologists have discovered an ancient Egyptian cemetery in Tuna al-Gebel in central Egypt, where, among other artifacts, they found a rare 49-ft scroll believed to be part of the "Book of the Dead."

Knewz.com has learned that the cemetery dates back to the New Kingdom era of ancient Egypt, making it around 3,500 years old.


Archaeologists have found a 3,500-year-old ancient Egyptian cemetery. By: Ministry of Tourism and Antiques© Knewz (CA)

The archaeological mission to excavate the site commenced in 2017, but the cemetery was found only recently.

The "Book of the Dead" is a modern name given to texts that helped the dead navigate the underworld, Live Science reports.

Archaeologists have found mummies, sarcophagi (coffins), amulets and numerous "shabti" figurines in the cemetery, along with the extremely rare papyrus scroll. Jars meant to contain the organs of the deceased were also found at the site.

The findings were announced by the Ministry of Tourism and Antiques of Egypt at an October 15 press conference, The Sun reports.

The intriguing "Book of the Dead" scroll that was found in the cemetery is part of a series of ancient Egyptian ritual spells. According to the Getty Center: "These helped the deceased find their way to the afterlife and become united with the sun god Re and the netherworld god Osiris in a continual cycle of renewal and rebirth."



A section from a copy of the© Knewz (CA)

The Getty further explains that although there are nearly 200 known spells, they were not exactly collected into books. Sequences of these spells "were inscribed on objects from mummy wrappings to coffins to figurines to papyrus scrolls, all meant to accompany the dead in the tomb."

In fact, a section of the sequence was also inscribed inside King Tutankhamun's golden mask.

Although the text is commonly known as the "Book of the Dead," the official translation of the name of the collection is "The Chapters/Book of Going Forth By Day" according to the American Research Center in Egypt (ARCE).



Jars meant to contain the organs of the deceased were also found at the site. By: Ministry of Tourism and Antiques© Knewz (CA)

"This funerary text provides some of the most vivid and enduring images from the ancient world – there are few who have not heard some version of the Book of the Dead’s afterlife mythology," an ARCE article about the famed collection reads.

"Familiar scenes – like a scale weighing a heart of the deceased against a feather or the eternal destruction of a soul by a deity composed of animal parts – originate from the Book of the Dead," the article adds.



Archaeologists found a number of other artifacts at the New Kingdom-era cemetery. By: Ministry of Tourism and Antiques© Knewz (CA)

The "Book of the Dead" papyrus found in this cemetery is about 43 to 49 feet. However, the statement released by the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities does not have many details about the find, although experts have touted it as a very significant discovery.

Foy Scalf, an Egyptologist and head of research archives at The University of Chicago, told the news outlet Live Science that it is "very rare" to find a copy of the "Book of the Dead" in the grave where it was originally buried.

"Without photographs, it is hard to say more, and it is customary to wait for some form of official publication to form solid assessments," said Scalf.




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Scientists use Blade Runner-esque technique to reveal how avoidant attachment influences emotional processing

2023/10/17


New research provides evidence that individuals with avoidant attachment styles exhibit distinct patterns of emotional processing. Just like in the sci-fi movie “Blade Runner,” where characters use pupillometry to distinguish between humans and androids, this real-world research measures changes in pupil size to investigate underlying personality characteristics. The study was published in the International Journal of Psychophysiology.

“Phasic pupil dilation (i.e., stimulus-evoked fluctuation in pupil size) is a sensitive marker of several neurocognitive processes, especially orienting/directed attention and emotional arousal (probably due to a strong link between the brain’s noradrenergic system, responsible for regulating vigilance and alertness, and the autonomic nervous system),” explained study author Johannes B. Finke, a senior lecturer at the University of Siegen.

“Previous research has suggested that altered processing of social information, e.g. in certain conditions such as autism, is indexed by diminished pupil dilation responses to such stimuli, highlighting its potential usefulness as a biomarker and/or diagnostic tool.

“Moreover, there is growing evidence, that different attachment styles are also characterized by specific attentional biases (e.g., more shallow processing of faces or attachment-related words, especially in a negative context, in people with avoidant attachment). However, little is (was) known regarding potential associations with pupil-size modulation (or other psychophysiological indices), which was our main reason for conducting this study.”

The current study included 37 participants, mostly young adults from the University of Trier and the University of Applied Sciences Trier. These participants were asked to view a variety of images while their pupil size was closely monitored using a video-based infrared eye-tracking device. The images ranged from everyday scenes and nature to erotic and violent content.

The participants also completed a questionnaire that assessed their attachment styles, examining their levels of anxiety and avoidance in relationships. This information allowed the researchers to explore how different attachment patterns might influence the way people react to emotional stimuli.

People with avoidant attachment styles tend to be more independent and self-reliant. They might feel uncomfortable with too much emotional closeness and often prefer to keep their feelings to themselves. In relationships, they may downplay their emotional needs and value their autonomy.

On the other hand, individuals with anxious attachment styles often crave emotional intimacy and reassurance from their partners. They may worry about their relationships and fear abandonment, sometimes becoming overly dependent on their partners for emotional support.

For those with avoidant attachment styles, the researchers observed that their pupils showed a reduced response to social stimuli. This suggests that individuals with these attachment styles might habitually suppress their emotional reactions, especially when faced with potentially distressing social situations, such as violence.

“Cognitive biases that result from different attachment experiences (or variation in personality traits) may be assessed at an implicit level, using the pupil as ‘the mind’s eye’ or a ‘window into the brain,'” Finke told PsyPost. “If you prefer a pop-cultural reference, this is roughly similar to the use of pupillometry in the well-known sci-fi movie Blade Runner for assessing emotional/empathetic responses (in order to identify replicants vs. humans).”

However, the study didn’t reveal significant differences for those with anxious attachment patterns. While there were some hints of increased attention to negative images, it didn’t reach statistical significance.

Notably, when it came to erotic images, attachment patterns didn’t play a significant role in influencing pupil reactions. This finding suggests that sexual content might evoke strong emotional responses in most individuals, regardless of their attachment styles.

“We found significant associations of pupil dilation to pictures with social content (using nature pictures as control) only with avoidant, but not anxious, attachment,” Finke said. “That is, contrary to expectations, higher levels of attachment anxiety were not linked to increased pupillary responses to scenes of violence, etc. By contrast, the higher a participant’s level of attachment avoidance, the smaller his or her response to social content in general (with the exception of erotica).”

While this study offers exciting insights into the relationship between attachment patterns and emotional processing, it’s important to note that the research had a few limitations. The sample size was relatively small, and the participants were mostly young adults. Future studies with larger and more diverse samples could help confirm and expand upon these findings.

“Because of the time-expensive assessments in the lab, the sample size was quite small for an individual-differences study,” Finke told PsyPost. “Also, the participants were relatively young on average and mostly healthy, which limits the generalizability of the findings to other (e.g. older and/or clinical) populations. Since the assessment of attachment patterns relied on self-report (validated questionnaires), we can not be absolutely certain that the participants’ behavior in everyday life matches their self-description.”

“Moreover, a longitudinal approach (i.e., repeated measurements over a longer period of time) would be beneficial in order to corroborate the assumption of a causal link between these constructs as well as the potential predictive validity of pupillary response for actual behavior.

“Of note: No gender differences at all emerged,” Finke added. “As in previous research, all participants responded most strongly to sexual content, which is in line with the notion that pupil size is also a reliable marker of sexual interest.”

The study, “Close(d) to you? Avoidant attachment is associated with attenuated pupil responsivity to social stimuli“, was authored by Johannes B. Finke, Kim D. Opdensteinen, Tim Klucken, and Hartmut Schachinger.

© PsyPost

Cryptocurrency’s popularity in the U.S. tied to conservative moral foundations

2023/10/21


In a recent study published in the scientific journal Frontiers in Psychology, researchers provide evidence that cryptocurrency technology, specifically its current adopters in the United States, tends to align more closely with conservative moral values rather than liberal ones.

The world of cryptocurrency, often associated with decentralized financial systems, has surged in popularity in recent years. While many view it as a tool for financial freedom, its underlying motivations have remained relatively unexplored in academic circles. Prior research has examined the financial and technological aspects of cryptocurrencies but has largely ignored their sociopolitical implications.

Researchers at the University of Utah and Toronto Metropolitan University ventured into a study to understand the moral foundations of crypto advocates. Given the divisive nature of discussions surrounding cryptocurrency — with enthusiasts often promoting it as a solution to many economic woes — the study was rooted in understanding societal and political inclinations behind the topic.

In their research, the team analyzed a large set of tweets related to Bitcoin and conducted a controlled survey — overall, unpacking information learned across two studies. In the first study, a total of 959,393 tweets regarding crypto were analyzed for their usage of moral-language (such as words like “pure”, “impure”, and “theft”).

In the second study, a total of 500 participants, all based in the United States, were recruited through a study recruiting website called Prolific. 487 passed all attention checks and were included in the analysis, with 297 women and 190 men, averaging 37 years old. All of them answered a series of questions probing interest and attitudes towards cryptocurrency.

Then, researchers compared the alignment of crypto enthusiasts with what are known as “binding moral foundations” (Authority, Purity, and Loyalty) – typically associated with political conservatives – to “individualizing foundations” (Fairness and Care) which are often linked to liberals.

The findings were revealing. Crypto enthusiasts, especially in the U.S., seem to resonate more with the conservative values of Authority, Purity, and Loyalty than the liberal ideals of Fairness and Care. In simpler terms, those with an interest in cryptocurrency, based on tweet analysis and survey results, showed a stronger alignment with the moral values often held by political conservatives. This suggests that the appeal of cryptocurrencies might be deeply rooted in these moral principles, potentially influencing adoption decisions.

The researchers concluded that “our findings document convergent evidence indicating that crypto is best understood as ‘right-wing tech’ more closely aligned with conservative moral foundations at the current stage of adoption. Our analyses of a large set of Bitcoin tweets and a controlled survey indicate that binding moral foundations (Authority, Purity, and Loyalty) that are more closely associated with political conservatives better reflect one’s interest in cryptocurrency than individualizing foundations (Fairness and Care).”

However, it’s essential to understand the scope of these findings. While the research provides a novel insight into the moral alignments of cryptocurrency users, it’s mainly correlational. This means while there’s a noticeable link between conservative values and crypto interest, it doesn’t necessarily imply a direct causation. Also, this study primarily focused on crypto advocates within the U.S., so extrapolating these findings to a global audience might not be entirely accurate.

Furthermore, the research centered more on understanding the majority – those investing and showing interest in cryptocurrency. It didn’t dive deeply into the actions of a minority, like fraudulent businesses trying to scam investors. And while cryptocurrency’s decentralized and open-record nature might seem a deterrent for dishonest activities, it doesn’t mean dishonesty is entirely absent.

Sachin Banker of University of Utah, alongside Joowon Park and Eugene Chan of Toronto Metropolitan University, authored this study — titled “The moral foundations of cryptocurrency: evidence from Twitter and survey research“.

© PsyPost
Psychedelic users tended to have better mental health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic

2023/10/20


A recently published study, which was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, suggests that individuals who have used psychedelic substances experience lower psychological distress, improved well-being, and enhanced post-traumatic growth. The new findings appear in the journal Scientific Reports.

The use of psychedelic drugs has long been a subject of fascination and debate. Historically, these substances have been associated with counterculture movements, and their effects have been portrayed in various ways in popular culture. However, in recent years, researchers have started to examine their therapeutic potential, particularly in addressing mental health issues like depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

The COVID-19 pandemic presented an unusual opportunity to investigate the relationship between hallucinogenic drug use and mental health. With much of the world facing lockdowns and isolation, the researchers wondered whether these substances could play a role in mitigating the psychological toll of the pandemic.

“In a previous paper, we found for the first time that psychedelics may help with coping processes in stressful situations. The pandemic was a perfect opportunity to test the hypothesis,” said study author José Carlos Bouso, the scientific director for the International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research, and Service (ICEERS)).

For their study, the researchers recruited a sample of 2,971 participants for the baseline assessment, with 1,024 participants at the first follow-up (two months later) and 455 participants at the last follow-up (six months after the baseline assessment).

To gather data, the team developed an online survey specifically designed for this study, which was made available in Spanish, Portuguese, and English. The survey reached individuals from over 80 countries, including Spain, Brazil, and many others, thanks to snowball sampling and online dissemination through various channels, including social media, scientific journals, and community websites.

“The survey was released to the general population,” Bouso noted. “We did not disclose that we were conducting research about psychedelics to avoid biasing the answers.”

The study employed well-established psychometric measures to assess various aspects of mental health. These included the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) for screening psychological distress, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) for evaluating specific symptoms of psychopathology, the Peritraumatic Stress Inventory (PSI) to measure symptoms associated with traumatic experiences, and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PGI) to assess positive changes following such experiences.

Participants were also asked about their use of psychedelic drugs, including MDMAayahuascapsilocybin-containing mushrooms, LSD, peyote, and others. The study categorized participants as regular users, occasional users, or never-users at the baseline assessment and tracked changes in drug use during follow-ups.

Individuals who reported lifetime use of psychedelic drugs tended to have better mental health outcomes during the pandemic. These outcomes included reduced psychological distress, fewer symptoms of mental health disorders, and enhanced psychological well-being.

Users of psychedelic drugs experienced fewer symptoms across various mental health dimensions, including obsessions or compulsions, depression, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism. The overall severity of psychological symptoms, as indicated by the General Severity Index (GSI), was also lower among this group.

Compared to occasional and never-users, regular users of psychedelic drugs reported higher scores on the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (PTG), a measure of positive changes perceived following a traumatic event. These changes encompassed areas such as forming new possibilities, personal strength, spiritual growth, improved relationships, and an increased appreciation for life.

“Our hypotheses were confirmed: participating in structured psychedelic sessions seems to help with the adaptive process in stressful situations and may thus be a protective factor for mental health,” Bouso told PsyPost.

Another notable discovery was that hallucinogenic drug users were less reliant on information from the media and politicians. This is noteworthy because excessive exposure to pandemic-related news and information has been linked to higher levels of distress.

The study also explored differences between respondents from different language backgrounds (English, Spanish, and Portuguese). While variations were observed in their responses, no consistent pattern emerged, suggesting that these findings transcend cultural boundaries.

While these findings offer intriguing insights, it’s essential to acknowledge the limitations of this study. One notable limitation was the high dropout rate during follow-up assessments, which may have influenced the results. Additionally, the survey relied on self-report measures, which can introduce biases.

“This was an observational study,” Bouso said. “The next step should be to conduct a controlled trial.”

Future research should explore the mechanisms through which psychedelic drugs influence mental health and well-being, potentially shedding light on their therapeutic potential. The study’s authors also highlighted the need for reevaluating drug policies and reconsidering relationship between psychedelic experiences and mental health resilience.

“This study opens the door to using psychedelics as preventive strategies in mental health, not just as treatments when the problem has already become entrenched,” Bouso said.

The study, “Longitudinal and transcultural assessment of the relationship between hallucinogens, well-being, and post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19 pandemic“, was authored by José Carlos Bouso, Dóra Révész, Genís Ona, Giordano N. Rossi, Juliana M. Rocha, Rafael G. dos Santos, Jaime E. C. Hallak, and Miguel Ángel Alcázar-Corcoles.

© PsyPost

© Orlando Sentinel

These Florida researchers are giving depressed, anxious people psychedelics
2023/10/17

Patricia Brown, vice president of clinical operations at CNS Healthcare in Orlando, in one of the clinic’ s patient therapy rooms used for the treatment of anxiety, depression and other mental health issues.
 - Joe Burbank/Orlando Sentinel/TNS

ORLANDO, Fla. — A therapy session with Patricia Brown starts like any other. She leads her clients into a peaceful, quiet room, draped in beige and generic, calming artwork.

Then her clients lie down, close their eyes, put on a blindfold and headphones, and trip for six hours on psilocybin, the psychoactive chemical found in magic mushrooms.

Brown is a psychiatric nurse practitioner and head of clinical operations at CNS Healthcare. CNS in Thornton Park and APG Research near the Central Business District are two global clinical trial sites testing whether microdoses of psychedelics — typically about one-tenth of a recreational dose — can help people with depression and anxiety.

A growing number of clinical trials suggest single doses of psychedelics can have long-lasting impacts on the brain, leading the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to issue “breakthrough therapy” designations to these drugs beginning in 2017.

These treatments could have untapped potential for helping the estimated one in three people with treatment-resistant depression, meaning they have tried at least two different antidepressants that haven’t worked, said Brown. The clinical trial she’s working on right now targets this group.

“This is the opportunity for us to take treatment for depression and anxiety to the next level,” Brown said.

The rebound in psychedelics’ popularity isn’t without controversy, however. A potentially troubling trend is emerging. From 2018 to 2021,a survey published in the scientific journal Addiction.) indicates a doubling of recreational psychedelic use in the U.S., with 8% of young adults having tried hallucinogens as of 2021. This is the highest number seen since the 1980s.
Recreational use sparks concern

This isn’t the first time these drugs have been studied for therapeutic benefits. These investigations have taken place since the 1940s, though research halted in the 1970s when the federal government classified these drugs as Schedule 1 due to their potential for abuse.

Over the last few decades, there’s been a resurgence in promising scientific research, continuing the work of 50 years ago. But it’s dangerous to use these drugs outside a medical setting, especially without a guide, said Dr. Robert Molpus, a psychiatrist and addiction researcher.

Molpus leads the CNS Healthcare location of a clinical trial of small doses of LSD on people with anxiety. The study is run by Mind Medicine, a biotech pharmaceutical company seeking approval for its proprietary form of LSD.

“What we have here is pharmaceutical-grade medication produced under very strict tolerances and standards,” said Molpus. “Whatever you buy on the street, it’s not pharmaceutical grade and you actually have no idea what’s in it or what the dose is.”

Psychedelics theoretically alleviate mental illnesses by creating new connections in the brain, according to the National Institutes of Health. Negative connections can be created just as easily as positive ones, Molpus warned.

“The idea is that things are connected wrong because of experience or trauma. And so, what you want to do, is get them reconnected; you want to break this bad connection,” Molpus said. “You don’t want a different set of bad connections. That’s where the therapy piece comes in.”

Licensed mental health counselor Elizabeth Lindell Mendez says recreational psychedelics worsened pre-existing mental illnesses and addiction issues in some of her clients. She worked for six years in community mental health residential and day treatment programs before moving to Thriveworks Counseling & Psychiatry in Maitland a few months ago.

“When you actively hallucinate, the more you do it, the less likely you might be to come back, especially if you have a hereditary predisposition that you’re unaware of,” she said. “It can actually increase and exacerbate symptoms.”

She emphasized that she hasn’t seen any clients who took these drugs within a controlled medical setting.

The American Psychological Association released a statement in 2022 calling preliminary research into psychedelics “promising” but cautioned about a lack of evidence.

“There is currently inadequate scientific evidence for endorsing the use of psychedelics to treat any psychiatric disorder except within the context of approved investigational studies,” the statement read.
Studies combat stigma

Brown is confident that current clinical trials are not dangerous.

“I think there really is a stigma that we have to overcome,” she said.

The ongoing trials at CNS are regulated by the FDA and don’t allow people with psychotic and personality disorders to participate. People with other mental illnesses like post-traumatic stress disorder and people who would take other psychiatric medications during the study can’t participate either.

Brown is working on a randomized clinical trial testing the impact of a single dose of psilocybin. The study, conducted by biotech company COMPASS Pathways, will include therapy before the psilocybin dose, a therapist present for the eight-hour period a patient is high, and additional therapy afterward to process what the participant has experienced and help them integrate what they’ve learned.

Another point to keep in mind is that psychedelics do not typically lead to addiction, said Molpus.

“Can you overuse it? Absolutely, you can. But it’s actually not all that common,” Molpus said. “It can happen, and it does happen, but it’s not like meth or heroin that can really capture and trap people in addiction.”

Decades of research back up that assertion, according to the National Institutes of Health.
A push to roll back restrictions

The FDA labels psychedelics like psilocybin, LSD, peyote and MDMA (ecstasy) as having “high abuse potential” and no recognized medical use, hence their Schedule 1 classification.

This designation is theoretically reserved for the most dangerous and addictive drugs in the U.S. In recent years, advocates have questioned it. Molpus labeled psychedelics’ classification “more political than medical.”

Marijuana, too, is Schedule 1, despite decades of evidence of its potential therapeutic benefits. The majority of states, including Florida, have legalized it for medical use.

Amid mounting arguments that these drugs should be more accessible, a handful of countries and U.S. locations like Oregon have decriminalized or legalized MDMA and mushrooms.

In 2021 and 2022, Florida lawmakers introduced legislation that would have ordered state-funded research into the therapeutic applications of psilocybin, ketamine and MDMA for treating conditions including depression, bipolar disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic pain and migraines. The bills failed to achieve widespread support.

Nationally, more than 60% of U.S. voters support legalizing psychedelic therapy, a 2023 poll done by the University of California, Berkeley, found.
The future of psychedelics

A potential roadmap for magic mushrooms and LSD can be seen with ketamine, another drug with hallucinogenic or psychoactive properties.

The FDA approved a derivative of ketamine called esketamine — manufactured by Janssen Pharmaceuticals and sold as a patented nasal spray called Spravato — in 2018.

It’s only available for people with treatment-resistant depression through a restricted distribution system with strict guidelines.

Ketamine differs from traditional psychedelics, however, because it has been used in medical settings for decades and is not as tightly regulated. Physicians who don’t want to jump through federal government hurdles or work with insurance companies are allowed to prescribe traditional ketamine off-label as a treatment for mental health conditions.

Meanwhile, the only foray into selling mushrooms commercially in Florida so far was unsuccessful.

In 2022, Ybor City’s Chillum Mushroom Hemp Dispensary briefly bypassed Florida’s restrictions by selling psychedelic mushrooms that didn’t contain the banned ingredient of psilocybin. It advertised itself as the first magic mushroom dispensary in the U.S., and was so successful it opened a second St. Petersburg location.

Even though the mushrooms technically didn’t include any banned ingredients, they were not approved to be sold as food. The store tried out a loophole, labeling them as intended “only for education or spiritual purposes,” not for consumption.

This wasn’t enough to stop the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services from shutting down Chillum Mushroom Hemp Dispensary’s sales.

The dispensary reluctantly stopped offering the mushroom in August, according to a statement on its website.


Crusty creatures with ‘rather complex’ genitalia found in caves. It’s a new species

MUGWUMPS,THEIR GENITALIA IS ON THEIR HEADS

2023/10/25
Scientists found crusty animals with "rather complex" genitalia in caves of Brazil and discovered a new species, a study said. 
- Dreamstime/Dreamstime/TNS

Deep within a cave in Brazil, a crusty creature crawled along the moist, rocky ground. Something about the subterranean animal caught the attention of nearby scientists.

The scientists were surveying wildlife in the reddish, iron-rich cave system of the Carajás Mountains, according to a study published Sept. 13 in the journal Zoosystema. These “extensive surveys” took place between 2005 to 2019, “resulting in a considerable amount of material available for study.”

During these cave surveys, scientists collected over 1,300 millipedes and preserved the specimens in museum collections but did not identify them, the study said.

Intrigued, another group of researchers analyzed the millipedes and discovered they belonged to a new species: Pseudoporatia kananciue, or the Kananciuê millipede.

Kananciuê millipedes have 19 body segments, or “body rings,” that are “crusted by sediments of iron ore,” the study said. The millipedes have an unspecified number of legs, which are “not visible from above.”

The Kananciuê millipede is considered “relatively big,” reaching about 0.3 inches in length, study co-author Luiz Iniesta told McClatchy News in an Oct. 24 email.

Photos show several Kananciuê millipedes. The animal’s body is a whitish cream color with speckles of orange-red, the same color as the surrounding dirt. Their “body rings” look almost like waxy pieces and appear held together by the thinner worm-like body underneath.

A close-up photo of a single Kananciuê millipede shows a pair of antennae extending horizontally from its head.

Male Kananciuê millipedes have “rather complex” genitalia, researchers said. Its genitalia is located near its head segments and has an oval shape, photos in the study show.


Kananciuê millipedes have a subterranean and cave-dwelling lifestyle. They prefer “moist areas with any organic debris” in the sections of the cave with minimal light, the study said. Large groups of millipedes were found around “huge deposits” of bat guano.

The new species is “widely distributed” in rocky, iron-rich caves of the Carajás Mountains, researchers said. These caves are “connected with each other by a huge network of small channels.”

Despite this habitat, the new species has “no clear morphological adaptations” for subterranean living, Iniesta said.

Researchers said they named the new species after Kananciuê, the main deity of the indigenous Karajás tribe that lives in the Carajás Mountains where the millipedes were discovered.

The Carajás Mountains are part of a national forest in the state of Pará and about 700 miles northwest of Brasília, the capital city.

The new species was identified by its body segments, genitalia and other subtle physical features, the study said. Researchers did not provide a DNA analysis of the new species.

“The species richness of millipedes remains vastly underestimated in the Amazonian rainforest,” researchers said.

The research team included Iniesta, Rodrigo Bouzan, Claudio Souza, Robson Zampaulo, Igor Cizauskas and Antonio Brescovit.

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© The Charlotte Observer


Can this team create a ‘perfect’ reef? Why the US military is banking on it

2023/10/26
University of Miami professor Andrew Baker poses in a wet lab with a coral on Thursday, Dec. 15, 2022, in Miami at the Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science. - 
Alie Skowronski/Miami Herald/TNS

MIAMI -- The nation’s military has been working on a new weapon: Creating a "perfect," self-healing coral reef that can withstand disease, warming temperatures and sea rise.

Many U.S. military bases along the coasts are feeling the effects of climate change, and their current methods of defense — like sea walls — aren’t working against flooding and erosion. A reef would break up waves before they crash against the base.

So for the past 14 months, the Department of Defense has been working with three international teams of scientists, including from the University of Miami, to build a hybrid reef made of concrete and coral.

If it works, it may be a solution for cities and regions that face the worst effects of climate change, such as Miami. And the military appears to think it’s worth banking on.

The project is expected to receive its next second infusion of grant funding, on top of the $7.5 million it’s already received. By the end of the project, the team could receive more than $20 million.

It’s also a race against time, after higher-than-normal temperatures caused widespread bleaching of thousands of corals in the Florida Keys.

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, or DARPA, selected UM to lead the Atlantic coral project. Rutgers University in New Jersey is focusing on oysters on the Gulf Coast; and the University of Hawaii is using coral from the Pacific Ocean.

The UM-led project, called X REEFS, was given 5 years to take the concept from design to production and cost evaluation.

UM’s team is made up of 12 organizations that in ordinary circumstances would not cross academic paths. Coral biologists are working with aerospace engineers, manufacturers and hydrologists to make the hybrid reef a reality.

“We essentially examined, is it going to cost more in the long run to adapt to climate change,” said Laura Cherney, program manager from AECOM. “And we found it’s not. And to adapt now, because there is saving.”
How it’s going to work

Compared to other artificial reef projects that are typically offshore and intended for fishing or deep water dives, the hybrid reef needs to be close to shore and must stay submerged at 12 feet, the lowest tide.

The reef design is made up of three stacked layers. The bottom layer is a concrete chamber called the “sea hive” after its honeycomb shape. As waves hit the bottom row of sea hives, turbulence is reduced from underneath.

“We are trying everything we can do to move the water over, under and through,” said Borja G. Reguero, a researcher at the University of California-Santa Cruz.

The middle layer consists of concrete lattices that are gyroid-shaped. If the term gyroid doesn’t ring a bell from geometry class, think of a shape that’s infinitely connected with no straight lines and plenty of holes, like the inside of a bone or a butterfly wing. It’s one reason the team picked the gyroid shape: It already occurs in nature.

“Nobody else has done this, created these large concrete gyroid shapes, we’re definitely forging a path here,” said Michael Yukish, a Penn State aerospace engineering professor.

The top layer features “coral mimics” — squishy and fragile foam that is coated with an epoxy and fiberglass to give it strength. Within that structure, living coral fragments will be seeded. As the sea rises, the coral should slowly grow, too, building its own skeleton around the concrete.

“I mean the idea is if 100 years from now, a ship runs into it, they’d say, ‘Oh my gosh. There’s concrete inside it.’ It should be a hidden fact that we created the scaffolding first,” Yukish said.
Breeding resistant coral

The Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric and Earth Science at UM is considered the “Noah’s Ark” for the coral that’s being used in the hybrid reef project.

There, the coral is housed in large tanks where temperatures can be measured to the decimal point. The team makes sure the corals are well-fed, implanted with the correct algae and given plenty of light and a lot of water flow.

“The last four years have been the growing pains of getting this built, working out the kinks and incrementally making improvements along the way to make things better and better,” said Andrew Baker, the UM professor leading the team on the project. “We’ve finally met that pipeline stage.”

The Florida Aquarium also is helping the UM team breed coral. They’re looking for the “hardiest coral” that grows quickly but can withstand stressors like temperature.

If they find the 100 ‘best’ coral, then they can breed those species into thousands, kind of like tomato plants being modified over generations for taste and color.

In a year, the Florida Aquarium tripled the amount of coral spawned in a tank.

“It just gives us hope that OK, some of these babies might be the one. They might be the deep tolerance we are looking for,” said Keri O’Neil, with the Florida Aquarium.
Military test

The X-REEFS team is waiting for results from the military’s first milestone test, proving the reef reduces wave “energy” by at least 70 percent. The calculation is complicated, but they’re measuring wave height and velocity to get the results. The team is optimistic because they tested their reef in UM’s wind-wave tank that can create Category 5 hurricane force winds of up to 155 mph, and it met the requirement.

“If you think of a wave that breaks, like if you’re going to the beach it can knock you over,” said Catherine Campbell, the DARPA project manager. “But if you take all the energy out of the wave, it’s lapping at your feet.”

The second phase is moving out of the lab and onto collecting data about how the reef performs in the ocean. The team met in Miami last month to visit the possible sample test site, which is less than a half mile off of Elliot Key at Biscayne National Park.

U.S. military installations have experienced more than $10 billion in damage from storms and flooding over the past five years, and more than 1,700 posts may be affected by sea level rise.

“We’ve already seen this damage, we see the erosion every day,” Campbell said. “We’ve seen a lot of good successes in the laboratory that show us it’s possible to selectively breed coral, to be more thermally tolerant, to be more resistant to disease.”

“We’re trying to push science forward,” she said.

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Ashley Miznazi is a climate change reporter for the Miami Herald funded by the Lynn and Louis Wolfson II Family Foundation in partnership with Journalism Funding Partners.

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Alie Skowronski/Miami Herald/TNS

© Miami Herald