More people with disabilities are seeking work in US

nTIDE August 2026 Jobs Report

Kessler Foundation

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From June 2026 to July 2026, the employment-to-population ratio increased from 38.0 to 38.3 percent for people with disabilities and increased from 74.8 to 75.0 percent for people without disabilities. The labor force participation rate increased from 41.8 to 42.4 percent for people with disabilities and remained the same at 78.2 percent for people without disabilities.

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Credit: Kessler Foundation

East Hanover, NJ – August 7, 2026 – More people with disabilities were actively looking for work in July compared to June, while the number of people without disabilities seeking employment declined over the same period. These findings come from the July 2026 National Trends in Disability Employment (nTIDE) report issued today.

Issued monthly by Kessler Foundation and the University of New Hampshire’s Institute on Disability, nTIDE tracks employment and labor force trends for people with and without disabilities.

Based on data from today’s BLS Jobs Report and nTIDE analysis, the employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities (ages 16-64) increased slightly from 38.0 percent in June 2026 to 38.3 percent in July 2026 (up 0.8 percent or 0.3 percentage points). For people without disabilities (ages 16-64), the employment-to-population ratio also increased slightly from 74.8 percent in June 2026 to 75.0 percent in July 2026 (up 0.3 percent or 0.2 percentage points). The employment-to-population ratio, a key indicator, is the percentage of people who are working relative to the total population (the number of people working divided by the total population, then multiplied by 100).

“The employment-to-population ratio increased slightly, possibly reflecting the need employers have for additional hospitality workers during the summer vacation season,” said John O’Neill, PhD, director of the Center for Employment and Disability Research at Kessler Foundation.

Month-to-Month nTIDE Numbers (comparing June 2026 to July 2026)

More pronouncedly, the labor force participation rate for people with disabilities (ages 16-64) increased from 41.8 percent in June 2026 to 42.4 percent in July 2026 (up 1.4 percent, or 0.6 percentage points). For people without disabilities (ages 16-64), the labor force participation rate remained the same at 78.2 percent in June and July 2026. The labor force participation rate reflects the percentage of people who are in the labor force (working, actively looking for work in the last four weeks, or on temporary layoff/furlough) relative to the total population (the number of people in the labor force divided by the number of people in the total population multiplied by 100).

“With prices showing no signs of declining anytime soon, it is not surprising that people with disabilities are more likely to seek work these days, especially given they are more likely to experience poverty,” said Andrew Houtenville, PhD, professor of economics and director of the UNH-IOD. “When the labor force participation rate increases by more than the employment-to-population rate, we know that more people are actively looking for work,” he added.
 

Year-to-Year nTIDE Numbers (comparing July 2025 to July 2026)

Compared with the same time last year, the employment-to-population ratio for people with disabilities (ages 16-64) increased from 37.0 percent in July 2025 to 38.3 percent in July 2026 (up 3.5 percent or 1.3 percentage points). For people without disabilities (ages 16-64), the employment-to-population ratio slightly decreased from 75.1 percent in July 2025 to 75.0 percent in July 2026 (down 0.1 percent or 0.1 percentage points).

The labor force participation rate for people with disabilities (ages 16-64) increased from 41.6 percent in July 2025 to 42.4 percent in July 2026 (up 1.9 percent or 0.8 percentage points). For people without disabilities (ages 16-64), the labor force participation rate decreased from 78.5 percent in July 2025 to 78.2 percent in July 2026 (down 0.4 percent or 0.3 percentage points).

In July, among workers ages 16-64, the 6,690,000 workers with disabilities represented 4.4 percent of the total 151,261,000 workers in the U.S.

Ask Questions about Disability and Employment
On the same day nTIDE is issued, the team hosts an nTIDE Lunch and Learn webinar. This live Zoom broadcast gives attendees a chance to ask questions about the latest findings, hear news and updates from the field, and learn from invited panelists who discuss current disability-related research and events.

On August 7, 2026, guest presenters Jeff Friedman and Javier Robles of Rutgers University join Drs. O’Neill and Houtenville, and Lillie Heigl, director of policy at the Association of University Centers on Disabilities. Visit the nTIDE archives at ResearchonDisability.org/nTIDE to see a recording of this nTIDE Lunch and Learn episode.

About National Trends in Disability Employment (nTIDE)
nTIDE is a joint effort of Kessler Foundation and the University of New Hampshire’s Institute on Disability. The nTIDE team tracks employment trends for people with and without disabilities, issuing monthly reports that reflect the impact of economic changes on the workforce. These reports use data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics but are customized by UNH-IOD to focus on working-age adults (ages 16 to 64). nTIDE is funded by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR; 90RTGE0005) and Kessler Foundation.

About the Institute on Disability at the University of New Hampshire
The Institute on Disability at the University of New Hampshire, founded in 1987, seeks to expand access and opportunity for people with disabilities in ways that strengthen communities locally and nationally. As part of a Carnegie Classification R1 university, the IOD accelerates disability inclusion through research, education, and collaboration. Its Center for Research on Disability delivers trusted analysis and tools that make disability data more accessible and actionable.

About Kessler Foundation
Kessler Foundation, founded in 1985, is a New Jersey-based nonprofit and global leader in rehabilitation research committed to changing the lives of people with disabilities. By conducting groundbreaking research, Kessler Foundation advances recovery and fosters independence to build a more inclusive and accessible world.

Our team of award-winning scientists develop and test novel interventions to transform care and optimize mobility, cognition, and quality of life for people with traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, autism, and other neurological and developmental disabilities. By analyzing community and workforce participation, developing evidence-based solutions, and funding impactful community initiatives that expand employment opportunities, Kessler Foundation also addresses barriers to inclusion for people with disabilities.

Powered by a dedicated team of over 175 professionals funded by federal and state grants and private philanthropy, Kessler Foundation is redefining what is possible in rehabilitation care and recovery. For more information, visit kesslerfoundation.org.

Press Contact at Kessler Foundation:
Carmen Cusido, ccusido@kesslerfoundation.org

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 NEPAL

Harvesting practices reveal hidden damage in Sal forests

Maximum Academic Press

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Conceptual framework linking observed damage patterns to targeted mitigation strategies during felling and timber extraction in Sal-dominated forests.

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Credit: Agricultural Ecology and Environment

A research team found that tree felling and timber extraction produce different damage patterns in Sal (Shorea robusta)-dominated forests. Extraction caused the greatest share of seedling damage, while felling more often harmed residual trees. Seedlings were commonly bent, whereas standing trees sustained crown or lower-stem injuries. Although most damage was mild, routine harvesting may still weaken regeneration and future forest development. The findings can inform reduced-impact logging, operator training, extraction-route planning, and ecological monitoring, helping managers meet timber needs while protecting the long-term productivity and resilience of Sal forest ecosystems.

Timber harvesting is essential to forest management and rural livelihoods, but falling trees, dragged logs, machinery, and repeated traffic can injure vegetation left within harvested stands. International studies have linked such operations to damage ranging from broken branches and stems to uprooting and injuries near tree bases. These effects may reduce tree growth, carbon storage, timber value, and the survival of natural regeneration. In Nepal, previous research on managed Sal forests has mainly examined regeneration, species diversity, soils, carbon stocks, and timber losses. Far less is known about which harvesting operations produce particular injuries, which plant groups are most vulnerable, and how severe the resulting damage is, limiting the development of targeted mitigation measures.

A study (DOI: 10.48130/aee-0026-0012) published in Agricultural Ecology and Environment on 20 May 2026 by Rajeev Joshi's team, Agriculture and Forestry University, reports that extraction caused the largest share of seedling damage, while felling primarily affected residual trees and produced operation-specific patterns of injury.

The researchers conducted field assessments in Saraswati Community Forest and Belakatari National Forest in Udayapur District, Nepal. To examine felling-related effects, they established 30 circular plots, each centered on a tree previously marked for harvesting. The plot radius corresponded to the height of the selected tree, allowing the researchers to cover its likely impact area. Ten plots were located in the community forest and 20 in the national forest. Before harvesting, the team visually inspected vegetation in the predicted direction of fall so that newly created injuries could be distinguished from pre-existing damage. After felling, they recorded affected trees and seedlings and classified injuries by type and severity. To evaluate timber extraction, the researchers established 30 transects along skid trails between tree stumps and nearby forest roads. Each transect extended up to approximately 60 meters and covered a 12-meter-wide corridor. All residual plants within these corridors were inventoried. Damage was categorized as bending, crown damage, stem damage, uprooting, or butt-end damage. Severity was rated as low, medium, or high using predefined criteria and assessments standardized among field-team members. Percentages and 95% confidence intervals were then calculated using the Wilson score method. Extraction accounted for 45.41% of recorded seedling damage, compared with 43.35% from felling and 11.24% from other human activities. In contrast, 58.06% of damage to residual trees resulted from felling, compared with 22.58% from extraction. During felling, 44.4% of damaged seedlings were bent, 38.4% sustained stem damage, and 17.2% were uprooted. Crown injury accounted for 61.1% of damaged residual trees. During extraction, bending affected 47.1% of damaged seedlings, while 29.6% sustained stem damage and 23.3% were uprooted. Butt-end injury accounted for 71.4% of damage to residual trees during extraction. Most tree injuries were low severity, but 53.4% of seedling injuries during extraction were medium or high severity, highlighting the vulnerability of forest regeneration to machinery and dragged logs.

Overall, the study provides the first diagnostic assessment of harvesting-related damage to residual plants in Nepalese forestry. Findings support pre-harvest inventories, directional felling, planned skid trails, fewer machinery passes, post-harvest monitoring, improved operator training, and ecological damage records. Because it identified damage patterns rather than stand-wide incidence, broader pre- and post-harvest inventories remain necessary. Nevertheless, the evidence gives forest offices and community groups a practical basis for protecting seedlings and residual trees while supporting sustainable timber production across Nepal's managed Sal forests.

###

References

DOI

10.48130/aee-0026-0012

Original Source URL

https://doi.org/10.48130/aee-0026-0012

Funding information

This work was financially supported by the Major Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 24&ZD108).

About Agricultural Ecology and Environment

Agricultural Ecology and Environment (e-ISSN 3070-0639) is a multidisciplinary platform for communicating advances in fundamental and applied research on the agroecological environment, focusing on the interactions between agroecosystems and the environment. It is dedicated to advancing the understanding of the complex interactions between agricultural practices and ecological systems. The journal aims to provide a comprehensive and cutting-edge forum for researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and stakeholders from diverse fields such as agronomy, ecology, environmental science, soil science, and sustainable development.

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Journal

Agricultural Ecology and Environment

DOI

10.48130/aee-0026-0012 

Subject of Research

Not applicable

Article Title

Damage to residual plants during felling and timber extraction on Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn. f.) dominant forest in Nepal

 

How winter canola could profit Illinois farmers, improve sustainability

College of ACES at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

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Canola, which could serve as a feedstock for sustainable fuels, has potential as a winter cash crop for Illinois according to a new University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign study.

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Credit: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign

URBANA, Ill. — A new simulation study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign suggests winter canola could be profitable and environmentally beneficial if added to a conventional corn-soy rotation in the U.S. Midwest.  “In the six months between fall harvest and spring planting, the land is just sitting there. Cover crops help protect the soil, but they don’t typically generate revenue. A winter oilseed crop like canola could protect the soil and generate farm revenue by providing a feedstock for sustainable fuels,” said senior study author D.K. Lee, professor in the Department of Crop Sciences, part of the College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences at Illinois. The study simulated winter canola in a double-cropping system in Illinois. The research team used a model called DayCent to simulate the crop’s performance under real environmental conditions measured between 2019 and 2024.  The model compared a conventional corn-soy rotation (scenario 0) with a corn-canola-soy rotation under four nitrogen fertilizer scenarios: scenario 1, with no added nitrogen during canola growth; scenario 2, with 112 kg nitrogen per hectare (kg N/ha) applied in spring; scenario 3, with 28 kg N/ha applied in fall and 112 kg N/ha in spring; and scenario 4, with 56 kg N/ha applied in fall and 112 kg N/ha in spring.  The study's integrated performance ranking — which scored all five scenarios simultaneously on yield, biomass, greenhouse gas intensity, total emissions, carbon balance, and net return — found that the diversified rotation with full-season nitrogen support for canola (scenario 4) outperformed the conventional rotation across productivity, carbon, and economics at once. “The important finding isn't just that canola adds a harvest,” said co-author Chunhwa Jang, a research scientist in Lee’s group. “It's that the diversified system increases overall productivity by 18% while maintaining a stable greenhouse gas intensity. The additional production more than offsets the associated increase in greenhouse gas emissions.” Lee added, “Net ecosystem carbon balance shows whether a field is gaining or losing carbon overall. Across all the diversified cropping scenarios, this balance improved by about 21% to 27% and the benefits increased over time. The main reason was that canola provided more continuous plant cover and added carbon to the soil through its roots and crop residues.” In other words, overall emissions improved, and more carbon was stored with canola than without. Additionally, the paper reports that every diversified scenario out-earned the conventional rotation, with annual profits 10% to 23% higher. Although the results are based on a simulation and still need to be validated by upcoming field trials in Lee’s group, the researchers say the potential benefits of canola align well with new incentives and policies related to regenerative agriculture.  For example, a June 2026 White House Executive Order promises significant federal support for regenerative agriculture practices and research, and the USDA’s Regenerative Feedstock Rule prioritizes feedstock crops with low carbon intensity.  “Currently, the Regenerative Feedstock Rule applies to spring canola, but if we show that winter canola can be just as beneficial for Midwestern farmers, perhaps the rule could be expanded,” Lee said. “Introducing a winter oilseed crop in the Midwest would be hugely beneficial for farm revenues and more sustainable, low-carbon-intensity farming.” Lee added that winter canola is currently best suited for double cropping in southern Illinois, but with concerted breeding efforts for cold tolerance, its range could expand further north.  “I'm hoping to make more people aware that winter canola represents a real opportunity, so we can move that research ahead,” he said. The study, “Winter canola integration improves carbon balance, biomass, and profitability in Illinois corn–soybean systems,” is published in Agricultural Systems [DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2026.104813]. Authors include Muhammad Umer Arshad, Soonho Hwang, Chunhwa Jang, Heesu Jeon, and DoKyoung Lee.  Research in the College of ACES is made possible in part by Hatch funding from USDA’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture. This study was also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Bioenergy Technologies Office, under award number DE-EE0008521.  Lee is also affiliated with the Institute for Sustainability, Energy, and Environment and the Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology at Illinois.

 

Deep learning refines how bionic eyes communicate with the brain

University of California - Santa Barbara

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UCSB’s Michael Beyeler is using AI to improve visual cortical prostheses, or “bionic eyes.”

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Credit: Matt Perko, UC Santa Barbara

Researchers from three institutions, including UC Santa Barbara, have demonstrated that artificial intelligence has the potential to make future visual prostheses, like a bionic eye, more precise, predictable and responsive to an individual user. 

UCSB associate professor of computer science Michael Beyeler and his colleagues used a deep-learning model to design patterns of electrical stimulation for electrodes temporarily implanted in the visual cortex — the region at the back of the brain that processes visual information — of a blind participant. The model improved researchers’ control over how neurons responded to the stimuli and helped to predict what the participant perceived. 

The proof-of-concept study, published online this week in the journal Neuron, represents a step toward developing visual cortical prostheses — devices implanted in the visual cortex — that can better communicate with the brain.

“Building a model in the abstract is one thing,” said Beyeler, who is also an associate professor of psychological and brain sciences. “Seeing it shape an experiment with a person is something else entirely. That ability to go from theory to something that may one day help people is what drives much of the work in our lab.” 

In an effort that Beyeler describes as “a true collaboration,” the project was led by co-first authors Pehuén Moure of ETH Zurich, Jacob Granley of UCSB, and Fabrizio Grani of Miguel Hernández University (MHU). Beyeler, Shih-Chii Liu at ETH Zurich, and Eduardo Fernández at MHU supervised the research, which is part of a broader feasibility trial underway in Spain. 

Researchers have attempted to develop visual prostheses for decades, but with limited success. Some devices target the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, while others stimulate later stages of the visual system.

Cortical prostheses take a different approach by bypassing the eyes and optic nerves and delivering electrical stimulation directly to the visual cortex. The approach could eventually benefit some people whose visual pathways have been damaged but whose visual cortex remains capable of responding to stimulation, such as people whose blindness resulted from strokes, neurodegenerative diseases and brain injuries.

The potential benefit may be particularly meaningful for those “who have been able to see for part of their life, but then, because of an inherited eye disease or an accident, have lost their vision,” Beyeler said. “For those people, the desire may be very strong to get some vision back.” 

The current work builds on computational research supported by Beyeler’s 2022 National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director’s New Innovator Award, a five-year, $2 million grant that supported his work to make visual prostheses more predictable and effective. 

In 2024, members of Beyeler’s Bionic Vision Lab traveled to Spain for a critical stage of their research: to test whether their computational approach could improve the performance of an existing brain implant in a blind participant.

At the Hospital IMED Elche in Spain, they visited a 27-year-old man who had lost his vision following a traumatic brain injury. The man had received a device composed of a 96-channel array of electrodes implanted in his visual cortex, which would be removed after six months. 

When the electrodes delivered electrical stimulation to neurons in the man’s visual cortex, he could perceive phosphenes, spots or shapes of light sometimes compared to flashes, stars or fireworks.

The researchers sought to better predict how the visual cortex would respond to stimulation. To do so, Beyeler and his colleagues trained a deep neural network, a form of artificial intelligence, to predict the patterns of brain activity produced by different combinations of electrical stimulation settings. The model also received information about the brain’s resting activity immediately before each test. 

Researchers then used the model to identify the stimulation patterns most likely to produce a desired neural response.  

When the researchers tested those AI-designed patterns in the participant, they reproduced targeted patterns of brain activity more accurately and required less electrical current than the other approaches. Perhaps most importantly, the activity recorded from the participant’s brain predicted what he perceived better than the electrical stimulation settings alone. In other words, measuring how the brain responded provided a better indication of what the participant would see than simply knowing which electrodes had been activated. 

Producing a desired pattern of brain activity is only one part of the equation. Researchers must also determine how that activity becomes a visual experience for the person using the prosthesis. 

“Engineers naturally want to treat phosphenes like pixels: stimulate more electrodes, and you should get a more complete image,” Beyeler said. “But the brain does not work that way. Electrodes interact, neural responses fluctuate, and what we put into the brain is not necessarily what the person perceives. The challenge is to learn more about that transformation.”

The implant used in the study could both stimulate the brain with electrical current and record how the neurons in the brain responded. That allowed the researchers to train their AI model on what the brain actually did after each stimulation pattern, rather than relying only on the electrical settings sent to the device.

The participant reported whether he perceived a phosphene and, in some experiments, described features such as its shape, size, brightness and color. The researchers found that the recorded patterns of neural activity were more informative about those perceptual outcomes than the stimulation parameters themselves.

The AI model also incorporated measurements of the participant’s resting brain activity, allowing it to adjust the stimulation pattern to the brain’s current state. This could be an important step toward prostheses that remain reliable as neural responses fluctuate from day to day.

“A useful visual prosthesis cannot rely on a fixed recipe,” Beyeler said. “It has to learn how an individual brain responds and adapt the stimulation accordingly. Ultimately, the device should adapt to the person, not the other way around.”

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Journal

Neuron

Article Title

Deep learning-based control of electrically evoked activity in human visual cortex

Article Publication Date

7-Aug-2026

 

Industry and academic leaders explore how engineering innovation is powering the next era of space science at the 46th COSPAR Scientific Assembly

International Science Council Committee on Space Research

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The Panel on Engineering Innovation Enabling Scientific Research at the 46th COSPAR Assembly

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Credit: COSPAR

Leading voices from across the aerospace industry and academia gathered in Florence, Italy for the panel titled "Engineering Innovation Enabling Scientific Research," examining how advances in engineering are unlocking new scientific missions and how ambitious science goals are, in turn, driving engineering breakthroughs.

The panel, moderated by Alison Nordt, Director of Space Sciences & Instrumentation at Lockheed Martin Space's Advanced Technology Center, brought together six panellists to discuss the evolving relationship between space science and systems engineering: Marius Anger (Aalto University), Jon Arenberg (Northrop Grumman), Mayra Montrose (L3Harris), Giampiero Di Paolo (Thales Alenia Space Italia), Steve Squyres (Blue Origin) and Eric Stallmer (Voyager).

A New Era of Access and Opportunity

Panellists agreed that the rapid growth of smaller, more accessible missions is opening doors for students and early-career researchers to gain direct, hands-on experience across the full mission lifecycle — experience that the group described as essential to building the next generation of space scientists and engineers. They called for stronger, more formal partnerships between universities, industry, and government agencies to ensure emerging talent is trained not only in scientific principles but in the practical realities of modern systems engineering.

Navigating Risk in a Democratised Space Industry

The discussion also addressed the risks inherent to space missions and the importance of building teams that pair strong technical talent with deliberate pipelines for training early-career professionals — a priority the panel said is especially critical for complex, multi-year projects. Panellists characterised the space sector as being on the cusp of a broader revolution driven by the "democratisation of space," marked by a growing number of participants not just from space agencies, but from universities, regional groups and private companies, and by new products, services, and mission architectures that are making previously unanswerable scientific questions accessible.

At the same time, the group cautioned that this democratisation carries risk if funders and the public do not understand the differences between systems and mission types — a challenge they said can be mitigated through sustained public communication, citing the James Webb Space Telescope team's outreach as a model.

Emerging Technologies Driving the Field Forward

Panellists highlighted a wave of commercial capabilities reshaping the mission landscape, including frequent, lower-cost launch opportunities for payloads of nearly any size, missions capable of delivering tons of payload to the lunar surface, and the emergence of commercial space stations in low Earth orbit.

The discussion also turned to how technologies developed for large flagship missions are increasingly finding their way into smaller-scale and CubeSat missions. Panellists pointed to the Habitable Worlds Observatory as a key example, noting its need for more than a dozen new technologies — including high-stability, low-vibration platforms, advanced UV optic coatings, picometer-level metrology and actuators, new detector technology, deformable micro-mirrors, and high-contrast coronagraph instruments — many of which have strong potential for broader use in smaller missions.

Panellists further noted the growing role of artificial intelligence and machine learning in expanding onboard science processing and ground-based post-processing capabilities, enabling new correlations across data sets and deeper scientific insight. They also discussed the rise of photonics and photonic integrated circuits as instruments in their own right, describing the possibility, for some science missions, to replace traditional 3D telescope architectures with small 2D instruments capable of interferometric imaging, spectroscopy, and polarimetry — an approach offering significant improvements in size, weight, power, and cost, and enabling rapid production of instrument constellations for applications such as space weather observation.

Looking Ahead

The panel closed on an optimistic note, with participants agreeing that a creative and open approach to this period of transformation holds the promise of a renaissance in space science for the benefit of humanity.

 

For the full scientific programme of the COSPAR Scientific Assembly, go to: www.cospar-assembly.org/admin/ congress.php?congress=13

 

A standing room only audience watches the Panel on Engineering Innovation Enabling Scientific Research at the 46th COSPAR Assembly.

Credit

COSPAR

About COSPAR

The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR) is an international scientific organization established in 1958, under the International Science Council (ISC). Its mission is to promote cooperation in space research, with an emphasis on the exchange of scientific results, information, and the development of global partnerships across disciplines for the benefit of all.

Through its scientific Commissions, Panels and Task Groups, COSPAR covers a wide range of space science fields, including Earth observation, planetary protection, astrophysics, and space life sciences and is a trusted advisor to the United Nations on critical issues in space research. It plays a key role in fostering collaboration between the global scientific community, space agencies, industry, and emerging space nations. Through specialized capacity building workshops, it supports the growth of space science expertise worldwide. Its biennial event, the COSPAR Scientific Assembly, brings together thousands of researchers from around the world, serving as a major platform for knowledge exchange and international dialogue.

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