Wednesday, April 21, 2021

Asian Americans face barriers and bigotry in medicine (Opinion)
Opinion by Augustine M.K. Choi 
4/21/2021

For so long, Asian Americans have been left out of critical conversations about race, despite longstanding barriers that impede their lives and careers.

© Graeme Sloan/Sipa USA/Reuters Protesters rally to call attention to Asian-American discrimination and remember the Asian American lives lost in the Atlanta shootings, in Chinatown, Washington, DC, March 17. Six women of Asian heritage lost their lives.

At the academic medical institution in New York City where I work, Asians and Asian Americans make up 32% of the student body and 24% of faculty and staff. Many of us, whether immigrants or US-born, may seem to fit the myth of the "model minority" -- successful, industrious, proof of the American dream.

But we are far from a homogenous group, and Asian Americans of all classes and backgrounds are vulnerable to discrimination and violence. Asians around the country -- including doctors, scientists, technicians and medical secretaries -- are routinely harassed because of the way we look, our presumed inability to speak English and other stereotypes.

This racism can seep into the health care setting, where nearly one in five practicing doctors is of Asian descent.

According to a 2017 survey of 800 physicians in the US, 69% of Asian American doctors said they endured biased remarks and personally offensive comments from patients. Unfortunately, these interactions are all too common. They range from comments about a doctor's accent to demands to see a practitioner of a different race. Such affronts threaten the doctor-patient alliance that is necessary for optimal health care and can fuel burnout among health care providers.

This problem has only gotten worse during the Covid-19 crisis.

Last May, a Washington Post report stated, "Across the country, Asian American health care workers have reported a rise in bigoted incidents. The racial hostility has left Asian Americans, who represent 6 percent of the US population but 18 percent of the country's physicians and 10 percent of its nurse practitioners, in a painful position on the front lines of the response to the coronavirus pandemic."

Many of these health care workers who faced racism from their patients as well as increasing harassment in their daily lives were being blamed for the very disease they were working around the clock to beat.

A growing number of medical schools are now offering training and implementing policies to deal with patient bias.

But bias extends far beyond the medical setting of doctor and patient.

According to the Association of American Medical Colleges, Asians make up the second largest racial group among medical students and doctors in the US, and they constitute 20% of medical school faculty, which largely tracks with the percentage of students. But the numbers start dwindling among higher levels of seniority. Ten percent of academic department chairs are Asian, and my own anecdotal assessment of medical schools in the US, something I know quite well, is that few Asian Americans occupy the top leadership position of medical school dean.

This trend is mirrored in other industries including business, law and technology, where Asians are rarely found in management or executive levels.

Asian Americans, regardless of what they do and where they fall on the socioeconomic spectrum, struggle with what other minority groups encounter -- the quest for equality and fairness. Their plight is a reminder that much work remains.
PEEPING LEGALIZED IN USA
New rules allowing small drones to fly over people in U.S. take effect

By David Shepardson 
4/21/2021

© Reuters/BOB STRONG FILE PHOTO: A drone flies over downtown during a NASA demonstration on the testing of its Unmanned Aircraft Systems Traffic Management (UTM) platform in Reno

WASHINGTON (Reuters) - The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) said that final rules announced in December took effect on Wednesday allowing for small drones to fly over people and at night, a significant step toward their eventual use for widespread commercial deliveries.

The effective date was delayed about a month during the change in administration. The FAA said its long-awaited rules for the drones, also known as unmanned aerial vehicles, will address security concerns by requiring remote identification technology in most cases to enable their identification from the ground.

Previously, small drone operations over people were limited to operations over people who were directly participating in the operation, located under a covered structure, or inside a stationary vehicle - unless operators had obtained a waiver from the FAA.

U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg said Wednesday the rules "are an important first step in safely and securely managing the growing use of drones in our airspace, though more work remains on the journey to full integration" of drones.

Drone manufacturers have 18 months to begin producing drones with Remote ID, and operators will have an additional year to provide Remote ID.

Companies have been racing to create drone fleets to speed deliveries. As of December, the United States had over 1.7 million drone registrations and 203,000 FAA-certificated remote pilots.

For at-night operations, the FAA said drones must be equipped with anti-collision lights. The final rules allow operations over moving vehicles in some circumstances.

The new rules eliminate requirements that drones be connected to the internet to transmit location data but do require that they broadcast remote ID messages via radio frequency broadcast.

One change, since the rules were first proposed in 2019, requires that small drones not have any exposed rotating parts that would lacerate human skin.

(Reporting by David Shepardson; Editing by Aurora Ellis)
Behind production of a top-selling bourbon, push to go green

Provided by The Canadian Press

LOUISVILLE, Ky. — The process of making fine whiskey involves aging spirits to a golden brown, but a bourbon producing giant is going green along the way.

Beam Suntory, producer of top-selling Jim Beam and Maker's Mark, both crafted in Kentucky, said Wednesday it wants to cut its companywide greenhouse gas emissions and water usage in half by 2030. The company's more ambitious goal is to remove more carbon than is emitted from its operations and among its supplier base by 2040.

The spirits giant also is committed to planting 500,000 trees annually by 2030, with a goal of planting more trees than are harvested to make barrels to hold its aging whiskeys. Bourbon ages for years in charred new oak barrels, where it acquires its colour and flavour.

The sustainability campaign will span every facet of production — from “seed to sip,” it said.

“Making a positive impact on the planet, consumers and communities isn’t just the right thing to do — it’s a must-do for the sustainability of our business and humanity,” said Albert Baladi, president and CEO of Chicago-based Beam Suntory.

Beam Suntory said it anticipates investing more than $500 million this decade to achieve its goals of reducing its carbon footprint. The company said it's already made progress, having reduced its greenhouse gas emissions by 19% through investments in technology and use of cleaner fuels.

The company also said it will use 100% recyclable packaging by 2030 and pledged to work only with suppliers that use sustainable practices by 2040.

Another spirits giant, Diageo, plans to begin production this summer at its new Kentucky distillery that it says will be carbon neutral. The $130 million distillery at Lebanon, which will start by producing Bulleit bourbon, will be powered by 100% renewable electricity.

Last year, London-based Diageo announced its goal of achieving net zero carbon emissions across its direct operations by 2030 by tapping into renewable energy.

“As a global business, we are committed to playing our part to protect the future of our planet and to leading the way for others to follow," said Diageo Chief Executive Ivan Menezes.

Diageo’s other spirits brands include Johnnie Walker, Crown Royal, Smirnoff, Ketel One, Captain Morgan, Baileys and Guinness.

Beam Suntory noted that its Fred B. Noe Craft Distillery will be the company’s first distillery powered by renewable energy. The distillery is set to open this year in Clermont, Kentucky.

Other Beam Suntory distilleries across the world have begun transitioning to lower carbon fuels, such as natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas, it said. And it has started evaluating options to transition to renewable fuels across distilleries globally.

“We are taking a three-step approach to reducing greenhouse gas emissions,” said company spokeswoman Emily Bryson York. “We will optimize our existing processes, move to 100% renewable electricity and ultimately to 100% renewable fuel.”

The transformation will not change distillation processes, she said.

To enhance water sustainability, both Maker’s Mark and the James B. Beam Distilling Co. have established Natural Water Sanctuaries in Kentucky to protect local water sources vital to crafting the bourbons.

Beam Suntory also pledged Wednesday to invest $500 million to significantly expand its responsibility-themed communications to promote responsible drinking. The company said its goal is to reach more than 300 million consumers by 2030 with messages to promote responsible decisions and reduce harmful drinking.

Beam Suntory is a subsidiary of Suntory Holdings Ltd., a Japanese beverage company. Its spirits lineup also includes Toki Japanese whisky, Teacher’s Scotch whisky, Canadian Club whisky, Hornitos tequila and Pinnacle vodka.

Bruce Schreiner, The Associated Press 4/21/2021

Trump administration fuel economy regulations born out of flawed processes, EPA IG says

Sean Szymkowski 
4/21/2021

The EPA inspector general issued a report Tuesday declaring the Trump administration engaged in flawed processes when writing its SAFE Vehicle regulations, which rolled back fuel economy and emissions regulations automakers must adhere to. 

Notably, the rule dialed back fuel economy improvements from 5% annually to just 1.5% through 2026.

© Provided by Roadshow Tetra Images/Getty Images

Sen. Tom Carper (D-Delaware) initially requested an investigation into the rule-making process in March 2020. The inspector general followed through with a probe and noted the Trump administration pushed the regulations through with a "lack of interagency collaboration at the technical level." The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and EPA issue these regulations jointly, but the IG found the latter never reviewed some 650 pages of the rules before then-EPA Administrator Andrew Wheeler signed off on the regulations. EPA staff also warned of numerous factual errors that weren't corrected until after the signing. The new rules became official last June.

The EPA told Roadshow in a statement, "EPA values transparency in the rule-making process and understands the importance of an accurate and complete public rule-making docket. EPA's regulatory actions should be developed based on sound policy, analytical, and scientific foundations, and should be informed by the full capability of technical staff." It added the agency adopted "a variety of actions outlined in the report" as it's currently in the midst of proposing new, likely more stringent regulations under the Biden administration. In accordance with an executive order the president signed on his first day in office, the EPA will propose new regulations that would replace the Trump-era rules by July. The administration and EPA haven't signaled how far they'll go with fuel economy improvements and targeted emissions cuts, but EPA Administrator Michael Regan said previously they should meet the "urgency" of the climate crises.

Sen. Carper said in a statement, "This report from the EPA Inspector General confirms those concerns and makes it clear that flawed leadership resulted in flawed policies. I look forward to seeing the actions that EPA will take to ensure the agency fulfills its mission when it writes critical rules."

So far, Biden's been all-in on electric vehicles as a way to cut emissions in the US. The administration's proposed infrastructure legislation includes $100 billion for point-of-sale rebates to slash thousands off the price of a new EV.

Afghans working for US worry about their future after Biden withdrawal announcement


By Priscilla Alvarez and Kylie Atwood, CNN  4/21/2021
© Joe Raedle/Getty Images A U.S. Marine (C) talks through his interpreter (L) to an Afghan man during a patrol on July 6, 2009 in Mian Poshteh, Afghanistan.

That is the new reality sinking in for Afghans working for the United States in Afghanistan who may be Taliban targets once the US military withdraws.

RELATED: What civilians in Afghanistan say about America's withdrawal

There are about 18,000 people who have applied for special immigrant visas to the US who are still awaiting approval, according to a State Department official. But how quickly they can move through the red tape built into the program is unclear, given thorough and years-long vetting that often takes place before a visa is granted.

For many, that time could be a matter of life and death.

"Due to high risk from Taliban and target killing, the company which I am working with told me that I should not go to my job site for a short time. Instead, I stay up nights keeping watch to see if anyone is trying to plant a bomb around my house, and my wife does the same by day while I sleep," Khan said in a statement to CNN, shared through his attorney Julie Kornfeld.

"I cannot go to city for shopping and hospital for treatment. If I go, I wear turban, surgical mask and glasses to be safe from targeting," he added. CNN is only using his middle name for concerns over his security.

Khan has worked for two different US companies contracted by the Defense Department in Afghanistan for more than six years and applied for a special immigrant visa (SIV) three years ago, according to Kornfeld.

RELATED: Afghanistan: Why the US is there, why it's leaving, what will happen when it's gone

Biden's announcement last week that the US will withdraw troops marks the end of the decades-long war, which has taken a deadly toll on the people of Afghanistan, many of whom have risked it all to help the United States fight for their own democracy. Translators are among them, providing a key link to the thousands of military and US government contractors.

"We're expecting the security situation to rapidly deteriorate for anyone who's seen as opposing the Taliban. That will certainly include translators and other employees of the US government," said Betsy Fisher, director of strategy at International Refugee Assistance Project.

The visa program, established in 2009, is intended for Afghan citizens, along with their spouses and unmarried children under 21, who work for the US government in Afghanistan. It is a distinct program and doesn't count toward the refugee cap, which the White House has recently come under scrutiny over.

Thousands of Afghans, including interpreters for the US military and contractors, have moved to the United States via the visa. The average time to process the visas is an arduous and lengthy process; in recent years the processing for each approved applicant has taken more than 500 days, according to State Department data reviewed by CNN.

Abdul, an Afghan national, fled his country fearing he might be killed because he worked as an engineer for the US government in Afghanistan.

"I left everything," he told CNN's Jake Tapper. "I left my family and my colleagues and it was very painful for me."

Abdul requested CNN call him by an alias to protect his identity because he says his life is in danger from insurgents he fears are still hunting him down.


'Eyes and ears'

The US diplomatic mission in Afghanistan would be impossible without the local partners and translators, US diplomats say.

"They are our eyes and ears. They have all the contacts we benefit from. They set up meetings and they know the power brokers," explained one US diplomat who recently served in Afghanistan. "They are also our continuity because the turnover of US diplomats every year is about 90 percent."

Many of the translators have family members they are also worried about, US diplomats told CNN. It is the fear for their family that has led some of them to finally apply to a program they hoped they would never have to use.

"These are resilient and determined people. They thought peace was coming so they did not think they would have to go to the US. Now with the Taliban's possible return they have no other option," said a second US diplomat.

A State Department spokesperson said they are well aware of the risks facing translators and others.

"Everyone involved in this process, whether in Washington or at our embassies abroad, is fully aware of the contributions of our Afghan colleagues and the risks they face. As Secretary (Antony) Blinken said, we have a commitment to those who worked with us and helped us, whether it was our military or our diplomats, and we're committed to moving forward on the Special Immigrant Visa program for them," the spokesperson said.


Severe delays

The process has slowed down over the last year as the Covid-19 pandemic shut down a tremendous amount of travel: In fiscal year 2019, the State Department issued 9,741 SIVs to Afghans, but in fiscal year 2020 they only issued 1,799 of the visas, according to State Department data.

There were "hundreds and hundreds of visas" that expired, because no one could depart the country to come to the US, according to Lindsey Sharp with the International Rescue Committee. The embassy in Afghanistan "finally" restarted some processing and reissued expired visas, Sharp said, but capacity is still limited.

"Covid, for the last year, has kind of ground issuance to a halt," she said. "The backlogs now are large."

The State Department says they have now increased resources and taken steps to prioritize applications from interpreters and translators, with extra consideration for those who helped in combat operations, according to the spokesperson. Those efforts include a temporary increase in consular staffing at the US Embassy in Kabul to assist with the visas.

Janis Shinwari -- who used to be an Afghan interpreter working alongside troops, and likely saved the life of one of those troops, before arriving in the US in 2013 via the SIV program -- said he's received hundreds of messages through Facebook, both personally and through his group's page, No One Left Behind.

"Since people heard of this news that the US is withdrawing from Afghanistan, I'm receiving hundreds of messages, like Facebook messages, from my friends, from other people who served as an interpreter or translator or contractors in Iraq or Afghanistan," he said. "The people are asking for help."

Shinwari has had a hard time keeping up with the messages because of the constant flow: "What do I tell them?" he said.

While working as an interpreter in Afghanistan, Shinwari lived on the US base, not only for work but as his protection, he explained. Without that, he'd be at risk.

"These interpreters, they're the breadwinner of a big family," he said. "If the breadwinner dies, the whole family dies."


Concern from lawmakers

Members of Congress have also shared concerns about the future of those who have helped the US mission in Afghanistan.

On Wednesday, a bipartisan group of 16 House lawmakers, including several who have served in the US military and at the State Department, sent a letter to the President urging the administration to commit to the Afghan people who assisted the United States on the ground.

"We must provide a path to safety for those who loyally worked alongside U.S. troops, diplomats, and contractors, and work with our international partners to provide options for Afghans who would face a credible fear of persecution if the Taliban return to power," wrote Democratic Reps. Jason Crow, Ami Bera, Earl Blumenauer, Jared Golden, Sara Jacobs, Andy Kim, Tom Malinowski, Seth Moulton, Stephanie Murphy and Adam Schiff and Republican Reps. Don Bacon, Neal Dunn, Adam Kinzinger, Peter Meijer, Michael Waltz and Brad Wenstrup.

"This effort advances our vital national security interests by demonstrating to the world the manner in which we treat our partners," said the lawmakers, who announced they would form the "Honoring Our Promises Working Group" focused on crafting legislation to expand and expedite the SIV program and coordinate with the administration.

Republican Rep. Mike Waltz of Florida, who served in Afghanistan as a Special Forces officer, said he's been hearing from Afghans, many of whom have worked with the US for years, "in a state of panic."

"I had an interpreter executed while in line waiting for a SIV visa, along with several of his cousins and brothers. So they really are taking their entire extended family's lives in their hands, and they're now just abandoned. So this notion that we can go back, you know, whenever we need to after abandoning our local partners, it's a lie, it's just not true," Waltz added.

Blumenauer, a Democrat of Oregon and longtime supporter of the SIV program, told CNN he plans to share his concerns with the administration.

"I personally feel and will be communicating to them that I hope one of the unintended consequences is not putting people at risk who literally risked their lives to help Americans, as translators, truck drivers ... We have an obligation to get this right," he said.

Democratic Sen. Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire, also a long-time supporter of the SIV program, said in a statement she was "disheartened by the President's decision, which I believe not only risks the hard-fought gains in Afghanistan, but also puts Afghans in danger who have been critical partners in supporting the US."
American Honey Still Contains Nuclear Fallout From the 1950s

Caroline Delbert 
POP MECH
4/21/2021

© Tara Moore 

Scientists say nuclear fallout from Cold War weapons testing is still showing up in U.S. honey today. Here's why.

U.S. honey still contains radioactivity dating back to the 1950s.

Radiocesium from nuclear weapons testing continues to appear in local plants.

The radiocesium is absorbed because of its resemblance to potassium.


Drizzle some radioactivity in your tea: Scientists say nuclear fallout from Cold War weapons testing is still showing up in U.S. honey today, and the secret to the lingering traces is a sneaky chemistry twist.

➡ Join Pop Mech Pro and get exclusive answers to your weirdest science questions.

It’s important to note the levels are not high enough to be harmful, say the scientists, from the College of William & Mary. But how is radioactivity still lingering in honey production after 60+ years?

The key ingredient is called radiocesium. Radioactive cesium is a fission product thrown off by hundreds of nuclear weapon test blasts from global superpowers, including the U.S., during the‘50s and‘60s. The isotope’s radioactive half life is 30 years, meaning the worst of the radiation from these specific test blasts is well behind us.

But the decades-old radiocesium is still in circulation for bees because it’s close enough to the element potassium, one of the essential nutrients for plants, humans, and other animals. Plants mistakenly absorb radiocesium, believing it to be potassium.

Honey not only picks up local plants’ chemical composition, but magnifies it because of the mechanism of how honey is made, say the scientists. Bees consume nectar and, like the people who turn maple sap into syrup, concentrate the nectar so it’s up to five times thicker. What’s left has even more of the local chemical composition.

“While soils of the eastern U.S. have a relatively narrow range of [radiocesium] today, concentrations in honey sourced from this region spanned nearly 3 orders of magnitude with far higher levels in the southeast,” the researchers write in their study, which appears in Nature Communications.

Why do the levels spike in the southeast? Blame the geological nature of the region, where there’s less readily available potassium because of the way rocks and soil are arranged. That means plants in the southeast grab more of whatever is around that seems like potassium, including radiocesium.

The William & Mary scientists discovered this by accident, when grad students brought back samples of local foods from spring break destinations around the eastern U.S. to test for radiocesium, according to Science. When one student’s local honey contained cesium levels 100 times higher than the other foods, the scientists dug into honey’s radioactive link.

The scientists ultimately found radiocesium in 68 of 122 American honey samples and found approximately 870,000 atoms per tablespoon—“well below” the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s line for food safety concerns, according to Science.

While the minuscule radiation levels in honey are completely safe for humans today, that doesn’t mean there isn’t, well, fallout for other species. Scientists should now look into how radiocesium has impacted bees since the weapons testing; bumblebees near Chernobyl were less able to reproduce after the 1986 disaster, for example.
US ends oil, gas lease sales from public land through June

APRIL 21, 2021

BILLINGS, Mont. — The U.S. Interior Department is cancelling oil and gas lease sales from public lands through June amid an ongoing review of how the program contributes to climate change, officials said Wednesday.

The action does not affect existing leases, and the agency has continued to issue new drilling permits during the open-ended review ordered by the White House, said Nada Culver, deputy director of Interior’s Bureau of Land Management.

The petroleum industry and its Republican allies in Congress have said the oil and gas moratorium will harm the economies of Western states without putting a significant dent in climate change. There is no end date for the review, but an interim report due this summer could reveal the Biden administration’s long-term plans for lease sales.

Sales had been tentatively scheduled in seven states and regions — Nevada, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming and the bureau's eastern region, spokesperson Jeffrey Krauss said.

Officials had previously postponed or suspended lease sales in the Gulf of Mexico, Alaska's Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and many of the same states covered in Wednesday's move.

Biden on Jan. 27 ordered Interior officials to review if the leasing program unfairly benefits companies at the expense of taxpayers and its impact on climate change. Federal courts have blocked prior leases in several western states following lawsuits from conservation groups that said climate impacts and other environmental problems from drilling were ignored.

The burning of oil, gas and coal from government-owned lands and waters is a top source of U.S. emissions, accounting for 24% of the nation’s greenhouse gases. Oil and gas account for the biggest chunk of human-caused fossil fuel emissions from federal lands following a drilling surge under former President Donald Trump.

The federal government took in about $5 billion last year in royalties and other payments on oil and gas from federal lands, according to the Office of Natural Resources Revenue. Much of that money goes back to the states where drilling occurred.

The leasing ban is only temporary, although officials have declined to say how long it will last. And it’s unclear how much legal authority the government would have if it tried to stop drilling on about 23 million acres (9 million hectares) onshore and offshore that were previously leased to energy companies.

Thirteen states sued in federal court in Louisiana last month to try to force the resumption of sales, arguing the sales are required to be held regularly under federal law. Wyoming officials filed a separate suit in their state.

Another legal challenge against the administration is pending from oil and gas industry groups, also in federal court in Wyoming. On Tuesday, a coalition of 21 conservation and Native American advocacy groups represented by the environmental law firm Earthjustice sought to intervene in that case in support of Biden.

Earthjustice attorney Michael Freeman said the administration was within its legal authority to suspend a program overdue for reform.

Matthew Brown, The Associated Press

UN seeks $29M for St. Vincent amid new volcanic threats

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico — The United Nations announced Tuesday that it is seeking $29.2 million to help St. Vincent recover from ongoing volcanic eruptions that have destroyed homes and crops, contaminated water supplies and displaced up to 20% of people on the eastern Caribbean island.

© Provided by The Canadian Press

Didier Trebucq, the U.N. resident co-ordinator for Barbados and the eastern Caribbean, described the scene as “apocalyptic” during an online press conference in St. Vincent.

“The devastating impact of this event on thousands of people is undeniable,” he said, adding that more money will be needed once damage assessments are completed.

Prime Minister Ralph Gonsalves said officials are still quantifying the damage, but that rebuilding will run “in the hundreds of millions of dollars,” on top of “massive” humanitarian relief needs.

More than 16,000 people were evacuated ahead of the first, April 9 explosion at La Soufriere volcano, with officials noting that ash is piled up to 16 inches (42 centimetres) high in some homes in the northern part of St. Vincent, where the volcano is located.

More than 6,200 evacuees are staying in 88 government shelters and thousands of others in homes or private shelters.

Food, water and ash removal remain high priorities as neighbouring nations and organizations pour supplies and funding into St. Vincent and the Grenadines, an island chain of more than 100,000 people, the majority of whom live on the main island of St. Vincent.

So far, U.N. agencies have set aside $2 million for water, hygiene and food vouchers and will send experts to help with the ash cleanup, while nations including Guyana, Dominica and Trinidad & Tobago have pledged funding and shipped basic supplies.

Gonsalves said feeding up to 12,000 people is an “extraordinary, existential challenge," for the island.

Help also has gone beyond caring for humans: The Eastern Caribbean Group of Companies sent food for a large pig spotted hanging around the island’s volcano observatory that has endeared itself to many St. Vincentians and was nicknamed “Tremor.”

Gonsalves also said he worried about the upcoming Atlantic hurricane season that starts in six weeks, as well as the pandemic, given that thousands of displaced people are now huddling in shelters and homes of friends and family.

Another concern is that ash and debris from the eruptions will form volcanic mudflows, lahars, as St. Vincent prepares for its rainy season. The first lahar was reported early Tuesday.

Scientists estimate that 100 million cubic meters of ash have fallen and Richard Robertson, who is leading the scientific team at the University of the West Indies’ Seismic Research Center studying La Soufriere, said during an online press conference that rains could unleash fast-flowing rivers of mud and debris capable of great damage.

During the conference, broadcast by local NBC radio, Robertson said scientists expect another explosion in the next week as the volcano seems to be forming a new lava dome.

While the volcano has been calm in recent days, “it can change pattern within minutes without any indication,” he said. “There’s a lot happening at the volcano that we don’t understand.”

The volcano had a minor eruption in December, with a previous eruption occurring in 1979. An older eruption in 1902 killed some 1,600 people.

Gonsalves warned it would take a long time for the northern one-third of St. Vincent to recover and rebuild. He noted that a high number of impoverished people live in the area, which has long relied on agriculture, animal husbandry, fishing and some tourism.

“None of that exists anymore. ... Plants have to be replanted” he said, his voice breaking. “We have been set back decades.”

___

Associated Press writer Jennifer Peltz contributed to this report from the United Nations.

DáNica Coto, The Associated Press
ALBERTA
Seventeen projects will receive $33 million in provincial funding to reduce emissions in the food, forestry and agriculture industries

WHILE KENNEY AND BIG OIL ASK THE FEDS FOR $30 BILLION FOR CARBON CAPTURE TO FRACK OLD WELLS

Dylan Short 
POSTMEDIA 4/21/2021

An Edmonton-based forestry company is one of 17 businesses benefiting from a $33-million investment from the Alberta government aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the forestry, agriculture and farming industries
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© Provided by Edmonton Journal Operations at the Millar Western Whitecourt saw mill are seen in a 2012 Postmedia file photo Carla Howell | Whitecourt Star

Millar Western Forest Products is receiving a $730,000 grant from the province, through Emission Reduction Alberta (ERA) to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) into their pulping process in an attempt to reduce their energy consumption at a Whitecourt mill.


Janet Millar, spokeswoman for Millar Western Forest Products, said the artificial intelligence will help place large metal plates involved in separating fibers in wood chips into pulp.

“This project will allow us to employ AI-driven technology to better and more rapidly reposition those plates as needed to make sure that they are more energy efficient in the way they operate,” said Millar.

She said the streamlined process will also result in a better quality product for their customers. Overall, the project is expected to remove 23,000 tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions per year from the process.

Millar Western was one of 17 companies to receive a total of $33 million from the province. Environment Minister Jason Nixon announced the funding Tuesday morning by appearing through a recorded video message at an ERA video conference.

If every project involved is successful, they are expected to reduce CO2 emissions by up to 2.7 million tonnes from Alberta’s forestry, food and agriculture industries by 2030, said a news release issued by the ERA.

“In 2019, Alberta also emitted more than 32 million tonnes from agriculture agri-food and forestry operations combined. That’s more than 34 per cent of Canada’s total emissions from these sectors,” said Nixon. “There’s a clear opportunity here to cut emissions and lower costs for producing processing food and fibre, and to leverage nature-based solutions that capture and store carbon.”

Other projects involved include energy-efficient greenhouses in Lacombe, using technology to remediate linear forestry damage caused by oil exploration and recapturing greenhouse gas emissions at a brewery in Lacombe. Projects also range from focusing on cow feed to reduce emissions to using drones to reforest remote areas.

In total, the 17 projects are worth $107 million in private and public funding, Nixon said.

“The food, farming and forestry challenge is another step Alberta is taking to balance the needs of the environment and the economy,” said Nixon. “Projects coming out of this challenge will attract local and international investment, open up new markets, (and) ensure long-term growth and success.”

dshort@postmedia.com
 *
CANADA
How To Fight Climate Change: Take The Government To Court

Fatima Syed 4/21/2021



© Provided by Chatelaine
(Illustration: Vivian Rosas)

Jacqueline Wilson is hyperaware of the growing frustration among young people and members of First Nations. A lawyer with the legal aid clinic Canadian Environmental Law Association, she has watched over the past five years as they’ve tried everything to get government leaders and policy-makers to scale up climate action. They’ve signed petitions. They’ve attended committee meetings. They’ve started social media movements, and even taken to the streets to protest. Nothing has worked.

Wilson’s clients are disproportionately impacted by the climate crisis, suffering its most severe effects and saddled with its future burden. So now they’re turning to another venue to fight inaction on climate change: the courts. Several cases are currently making their way through the Canadian legal system, each one hoping for a ruling that establishes access to a healthy natural environment as a human right. The outcome of these cases will legally define the federal government’s duty to implement effective, science-based climate action.

Nationally, 15 young people are claiming that the federal government is failing in its duty to protect the natural environment. They want the courts to order Canada to create a legally binding climate plan in line with our share of the global carbon budget. The case was dismissed in late 2020, but it’s being appealed.

A group of young Ontarians is arguing that the provincial government’s weakened emissions targets have hurt Canada’s climate policy and, in doing so, violated the “right to life, liberty and security of the person” assured in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In a landmark decision and a legal first in Canada, the provincial court determined the argument had standing and can proceed to trial. A similar case is being appealed in Quebec.

Two Hereditary Chiefs of the Wet’suwet’en nation have filed an appeal claiming that Canada is violating its constitutional duties by failing to meet its international climate agreements and set sufficient targets for emissions reduction. And in March, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal government does in fact have the jurisdiction to impose climate policy across all provinces.

Lisa DeMarco is the founder of Resilient LLP, Canada’s only climate change and energy law firm. She’s representing a third party in the carbon-pricing case and says that the decision could historically establish the authority and boundaries of Canada’s climate action.

“The government is getting whacked from all angles: They’re getting whacked for being too broad. They’re getting whacked for not doing enough. They’re getting whacked for collateral damage,” DeMarco says. “One could argue the lawsuits are trying to force the federal government to realize its responsibilities and find the ambition to act.”

Globally, courts are filling up with parties looking for climate action. A UN report released last year found that there has been a sharp increase in litigation around the world. By July 2020, at least 1,550 climate change cases had been filed in 38 countries. Some have already resulted in historic decisions.

In February, a Paris court found the French government guilty of failing to adequately address climate change. Late last year, the Netherlands’ Supreme Court imposed a legally binding target and deadline for the Dutch government to reduce emissions, finding that not doing so could violate human rights. If Canadian courts followed suit, “there would be a floor the government has to meet,” Wilson says. “The climate crisis is an equity crisis, and if the courts can help define it as that, that’ll be a huge win.”

Historically, Canadian courts have tended to “shy away from . . . telling governments to do one thing or the other,” says David Khan, a lawyer with Ecojustice. What’s different now is the amount of public pressure for court decisions as a tool of accountability, where there long hasn’t been one. “There is a role to play for our courts,” Khan says. “Their decision could be the difference between climate action and inaction.”


*CHATELAINE IS CANADA'S OLDEST WOMAN'S/FEMINIST JOURNAL
Chatelaine is an English-language Canadian women's magazine which covers topics from food, style and home décor to politics, health and relationships.
Editor: Maureen Halushak
Frequency: 6 times a year
Year founded: March, 1928
Based in: Toronto