Wednesday, April 08, 2020

RIP
Celebrated singer-songwriter John Prine has died at 73 from COVID-19


I WAS INTRODUCED TO JOHN PRINE BY A ROOMATE GUITAR PLAYER OF MINE WHEN I WAS IN UNIVERSITY IN LETHBRIDGE.

BY THE ASSOCIATED PRESS April 7, 2020
Musician John Prine performs onstage during the 
2014 Stagecoach: California's Country Music Festival
 at the Empire Polo Club on April 27, 2014 in Indio, 
California.
FRAZER HARRISON—GETTY IMAGES FOR STAGECOACH


John Prine, the ingenious singer-songwriter who explored the heartbreaks, indignities and absurdities of everyday life in “Angel from Montgomery,” “Sam Stone,” “Hello in There” and scores of other indelible tunes, died Tuesday at the age of 73.

His family announced his death from complications from the coronavirus; he died at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville, Tennessee, where he had been hospitalized last month.

Winner of a lifetime achievement Grammy earlier this year, Prine was a virtuoso of the soul, if not the body. He sang his conversational lyrics in a voice roughened by a hard-luck life, particularly after throat cancer left him with a disfigured jaw.

He joked that he fumbled so often on the guitar, taught to him as a teenager by his older brother, that people thought he was inventing a new style. But his open-heartedness, eye for detail and sharp and surreal humor brought him the highest admiration from critics, from such peers as Bob Dylan and Kris Kristofferson, and from such younger stars as Jason Isbell and Kacey Musgraves, who even named a song after him.

In 2017, Rolling Stone proclaimed him “The Mark Twain of American songwriting.”

Prine began playing as a young Army veteran who invented songs to fight boredom while delivering the U.S. mail in Maywood, Illinois. He and his friend, folk singer Steve Goodman, were still polishing their skills at the Old Town School of Folk Music when Kristofferson, a rising star at the time, heard them sing one night in Chicago, and invited them to share his stage in New York City. The late film critic Roger Ebert, then with the Chicago Sun-Times, also saw one of his shows and declared him an “extraordinary new composer.”

Suddenly noticed by America’s most popular folk, rock and country singers, Prine signed with Atlantic Records and released his first album in 1971.

“I was really into writing about characters, givin’ ‘em names,” Prine said, reminiscing about his long career in a January 2016 public television interview that was posted on his website.

“You just sit and look around you. You don’t have to make up stuff. If you just try to take down the bare description of what’s going on, and not try to over-describe something, then it leaves space for the reader or the listener to fill in their experience with it, and they become part of it.”

He was among the many promoted as a “New Dylan” and among the few to survive it and find his own way. Few songwriters could equal his wordplay, his empathy or his imagination.

“I try to look through someone else’s eyes,” he told Ebert in 1970. His characters were common people and confirmed eccentrics, facing the frustrations and pleasures anyone could relate to. “Sam Stone” traces the decline of a drug-addicted Vietnam veteran through the eyes of his little girl. “Donald and Lydia” tells of a tryst between a shy Army private and small-town girl, both vainly searching for “love hidden deep in your heart:”

They made love in the mountains, they made love in the streams

they made love in the valleys, they made love in their dreams.

But when they were finished, there was nothing to say,

‘cause mostly they made love from ten miles away.

“He writes beautiful songs,” Dylan once told MTV producer Bill Flanagan. “I remember when Kris Kristofferson first brought him on the scene. All that stuff about Sam Stone the soldier-junkie-daddy, and Donald and Lydia, where people make love from ten miles away -- nobody but Prine could write like that.”

Prine’s mischief shined in songs like “Illegal Smile,” which he swore wasn’t about marijuana; “Spanish Pipedream,” about a topless waitress with “something up her sleeve;” and “Dear Abby,” in which Prine imagines the advice columnist getting fed up with whiners and hypochondriacs.

“You have no complaint,” his Abby writes back:

You are what you are and you ain’t what you ain’t

so listen up Buster, and listen up good

stop wishin’ for bad luck and knocking on wood!”



Prine was never a major commercial success, but performed for more than four decades, often selling his records at club appearances where he mentored rising country and bluegrass musicians.

“I felt like I was going door to door meeting the people and cleaning their carpets and selling them a record,” he joked in a 1995 Associated Press interview.



Many others adopted his songs. Raitt made a signature tune out of “Angel from Montgomery,” about the stifled dreams of a lonely housewife, and performed it at the 2020 Grammys ceremony. Bette Midler recorded “Hello in There,” Prine’s poignant take on old age. Prine wrote “Unwed Fathers” for Tammy Wynette, and “Love Is on a Roll” for Don Williams.

Others who covered Prine’s music included Joan Baez, Johnny Cash, John Denver, the Everly Brothers, Carly Simon, George Strait, Miranda Lambert, Norah Jones and Old Crow Medicine Show.

Prine himself regarded Dylan and Cash as key influences, bridges between folk and country whose duet on Dylan’s country rock album “Nashville Skyline” made Prine feel there was a place for him in contemporary music. Though mostly raised in Maywood, he spent summers in Paradise, Kentucky, and felt so great an affinity to his family’s roots there he would call himself “pure Kentuckian.”

Price was married three times, and appreciated a relationship that lasted. In 1999, he and Iris DeMent shared vocals on the classic title track of his album “In Spite of Ourselves,” a ribald tribute to an old married couple.

In spite of ourselves we’ll end up a-sittin’ on a rainbow

Against all odds, honey we’re the big door-prize

We’re gonna spite our noses right off of our faces

There won’t be nothin’ but big ol’ hearts dancin’ in our eyes




Prine preferred songs about feelings to topical music, but he did respond at times to the day’s headlines. Prine’s parents had moved to suburban Chicago from Paradise, a coal town ravaged by strip mining that inspired one of his most cutting protest songs, “Paradise.” It appeared on his first album, along with “Your Flag Decal Won’t Get You Into Heaven Anymore,” which criticized what he saw as false patriotism surrounding the Vietnam War.

Many years later, as President George W. Bush sent soldiers to war, Prine had a song for that, too. In “Some Humans Ain’t Human,” he wrote: “You’re feeling your freedom, and the world’s off your back, some cowboy from Texas, starts his own war in Iraq.”

Prine’s off-hand charisma made him a natural for movies. He appeared in the John Mellencamp film “Falling From Grace,” and in Billy Bob Thornton’s “Daddy and Them.” His other Grammy Awards include Best Contemporary Folk Recording for his 1991 album “The Missing Years,” with guest vocalists including Raitt, Tom Petty, Bruce Springsteen and Phil Everly. He won Best Traditional Folk Album in 2004 for “Beautiful Dreamer.”

Prine didn’t let illness stop him from performing or recording. In 2013, long after surviving throat cancer, he was diagnosed with an unrelated and operable form of lung cancer, but he bounced back from that, too, often sharing the stage with DeMent and other younger artists. On the playful talking blues “When I Get to Heaven,” from the 2018 album “The Tree of Forgiveness,” he vowed to have the last laugh for all eternity.

When I get to heaven, I’m gonna shake God’s hand

Thank him for more blessings than one man can stand

Then I’m gonna get a guitar and start a rock-n-roll band

Check into a swell hotel; ain’t the afterlife grand?





John Prine, revered American folk songwriter, dies of coronavirus complications

 
AFP/File / Angela WeissJohn Prine performs onstage during the 2019 Songwriters Hall Of Fame Gala, where he was among those inducted
John Prine, an American folk legend widely considered one of his generation's most influential songwriters, died following complications of coronavirus Tuesday, his publicist told AFP on behalf of his family. He was 73 years old.

On April 3 Prine's wife Fiona had posted on social media the beloved country and folk star was on his eighth day in the ICU on a ventilator, and had pneumonia in both lungs.

Once dubbed the "Mark Twain of American songwriting," over his five decades in the music business Prine carved an image as an off-the-cuff wordsmith who forged melancholy tales with a dose of surrealist wit.

Bob Dylan has named Prine among his favorite songwriters, citing the literary yarn "Lake Marie" as a favorite from his fellow folk bard's vast catalogue.

"Prine's stuff is pure Proustian existentialism," Dylan said in 2009.

"Midwestern mind-trips to the nth degree."

Born October 10, 1946 in Maywood, Illinois, Prine took up music as a hobby before emerging on the Chicago folk revivalist scene in the late 1960s, when he was discovered by country star Kris Kristofferson.
GETTY IMAGES NORTH AMERICA/AFP/File / Scott DudelsonSinger John Prine, recipient of the 2020 Recording Academy's Lifetime Achievement Award, performs during a pre-Grammy show honoring Willie Nelson


His 1971 self-titled debut album was a critical hit, a first collection of his unique social commentary and protest songs that would make the troubadour a staple of Americana for decades to come.

His anti-Vietnam War hit "Your Flag Decal Won't Get You Into Heaven Anymore" found a second coming in the early 2000s as the United States embarked on wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, earning Prine both standing ovations and angry hate mail.

"When someone turns the country backwards," he told Florida's St. Petersburg Times in 2005, "they should at least expect to be called out on it."

- 'Homespun sense of humor' -

The bluegrass-loving musician with a penchant for allegory enjoyed riffing on country music tropes with stereotypical spoofs, adding whimsical touches to heavier lyricism.

Prine spun tales of past loves as well as solitude, estrangement and regret, in work often streaked with prominent threads of mortality.

"His is just extraordinarily eloquent music -- and he lives on that plane with Neil [Young] and [John] Lennon," said Pink Floyd's Roger Waters of Prine in 2008.

In 1981, tired of the recording establishment he considered exploitative of artists, Prine founded his own record label Oh Boy Records in Nashville.

The Grammy winner with 19 studio albums to his name this year received a lifetime achievement award from the Recording Academy, which praised him as "one of the most influential songwriters of his generation."
GETTY IMAGES NORTH AMERICA/AFP/File / KEVORK DJANSEZIANBonnie Raitt performed a tribute to John Prine at the 62nd annual Grammy awards, where he received a lifetime achievement award

In 2019 Prine was inducted into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame, and in 2016 joined elite company including Chuck Berry and Leonard Cohen in earning a prestigious songwriting award from the PEN literary organization.

"The combination of being that tender and that wise and that astute mixed with his homespun sense of humor -- it was probably the closest thing for those of us that didn't get the blessing of seeing Mark Twain in person," said fellow musician Bonnie Raitt, who covered one of Prine's most cherished songs "Angel From Montgomery" in 1974.

- 'National treasure' -

Prine's storied career included two battles with cancer. In 1998 he received a squamous cell cancer diagnosis and had surgery to remove diseased tissue in his neck, severing several nerves.

After a year of speech therapy he was able to perform again, albeit with a new gravelly timbre.
GETTY IMAGES NORTH AMERICA/AFP/File / Scott DudelsonSinger John Prine's 1971 self-titled debut album was a critical hit, a first collection of his unique social commentary and protest songs that would make him a staple of Americana for decades to come

In 2013 he fought lung cancer and had part of his lung removed, a process he rehabilitated from by running up and down his stairs and singing two songs with his guitar while still breathless.

The artist's wife Fiona had said on March 17 that she had tested positive for COVID-19, and his family on March 29 said Prine was intubated and in "critical" condition due to the virus that's left more than 80,000 people dead worldwide.

Tributes poured out for the deeply influential artist, with Justin Vernon of experimental folk band Bon Iver calling Prine "my number 1."

"A simple majority of who I am as a person, let alone a musician, is because of John prine," Vernon said.

Bruce Springsteen declared Prine a "true national treasure and a songwriter for the ages," writing "over here on E Street, we are crushed by the loss of John Prine."

"John and I were 'New Dylans' together in the early 70s and he was never anything but the loveliest guy in the world."

Ever fun-loving in the face of tribulation, the heaven Prine envisioned on his last album, released in 2018, would allow him to resume his youthful habits: "I'm gonna get a cocktail: vodka and ginger ale / I'm gonna smoke a cigarette that's nine miles long."

"I'm gonna kiss that pretty girl on the tilt-a-whirl," Prine sang. "'Cause this old man is goin' to town."
FORGOTTEN HEROES OF THE ROAD
'MAYDAY': The largest organization of independent truck drivers is demanding that Trump provide masks, testing, and quarantine zones for truckers

Truckers are asking President Donald Trump for "urgent and immediate action." 
AP Photo/Andrew Harnik, File ASSHOLE BEHIND THE WHEEL

America's largest organization of independent truck drivers is demanding that President Donald Trump act quickly to protect drivers.

There are nearly two million truck drivers in the US, and they have been deemed as "essential" workers while much of the nation has been told to stay home. 

Truckers are at an increased risk for contracting the coronavirus.

In a letter that begins "HELP – MAYDAY – 9-1-1," America's largest organization of independent truck drivers is demanding that President Donald Trump act quickly to protect drivers.

Rachel Premack BUSINESS INSIDER Apr 4, 2020

Todd Spencer, the president and CEO of the Owner-Operator Independent Drivers Association, wrote in a letter dated April 3 that truck drivers are key to the nation's supply chain and have been deemed "essential" workers, but they're at more risk than ever as the coronavirus sweeps across the US.

"Right now, professional drivers are busting their butts to care for the nation," he wrote in the letter to Trump. "Their hard work and personal sacrifice should not include their health or even their lives if at all possible or preventable."

There are nearly two million truck drivers in the US, and they move around 71% of the nation's freight by weight. If truck drivers got sick en masse, that would put at risk Americans' abilities to buy groceries, go to the ATM, get gas, and, of course, get online orders delivered.

Spencer argued that this critical service could be at risk. "Once word spreads that drivers are testing positive, we could very well see a tremendous reduction in drivers willing to risk everything for the rest of us," he wrote.

Here are the three safeguards Spencer wrote that Trump needs to make available to truck drivers immediately:
Access to personal protective equipment, like masksTesting on truck routes that show results within hoursA place for truck drivers to quarantine or seek treatment if they test positive for the coronavirus

The massive trucking companies that employ drivers have not made clear if they have paid time off for truck drivers, or what infrastructure they have for drivers who have the coronavirus. Business Insider contacted 10 of the largest public trucking companies in the US, and few revealed policies for what happens if a truck driver gets sick.


One large public trucking company is even asking truck drivers with symptoms of the coronavirus to self-quarantine in their trucks for several days, according to emails sent to Business Insider.
 
A truck driver in Luling, Texas in 2015. Spencer Platt/Getty Images

As Americans buy more and more cleaning goods and food, and hospitals require quick shipments of key medical supplies, the country's trucking network is getting pushed to the limit to ensure those items are delivered on time, experts say. During the week of March 22, for instance, trucking shipments to grocery stores jumped by 81% compared to the same week last year, and by 16% from just the week before, according to freight data company project44.




Meanwhile, truck drivers are at a greater risk than other Americans to get the coronavirus and to experience complications from it.

Truck drivers are twice as likely as the average working American to not have health insurance, according to a 2014 study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Paid sick leave is also not a common benefit across many trucking jobs.

More than half of truckers smoke cigarettes, according to the CDC. Epidemiologist Saskia Popescu, who practices at the Honor Health medical group in Arizona, previously told Business Insider that those with a history of smoking may be more vulnerable to coronavirus.

Meanwhile, the American Diabetes Association has warned that people with diabetes should expect more complications with coronavirus should they contract it. Truckers are twice as likely as the general population to have diabetes, according to the CDC.

Read more about how coronavirus is affecting America's 1.8 million truck drivers

In an unprecedented move, the Trump administration suspended an 82-year-old road safety law for some truck drivers, showing how much coronavirus is pressuring retailers and hospitals to maintain cleaning and medical supplies

America's largest trucking companies won't reveal how — or if — they'll get their drivers home if they get coronavirus, and truckers are terrified

Leaked memo reveals trucking giant mistakenly distributed faulty sanitation wipes to its 10,000-plus drivers

Walmart leadership is urging its 9,000 'Elite Fleet' truck drivers to buy cleaning supplies with their company cards amid coronavirus fears

After weeks of silence amid the coronavirus outbreak, Amazon tells its giant network of truck drivers to stay home if feeling sick



'The whole world's f---ed': A former Goldman Sachs hedge-fund chief says coronavirus fallout will cause the 'largest insolvency event in all history' — and warns of another 20% plunge in stocks
Reuters
Christopher Competiello BUSINESS INSIDER Apr 4, 2020

Raoul Pal, the former hedge-fund manager who founded Real Vision, thinks the fallout from the coronavirus will have immense impacts on the global economy. 

The duration and severity of the pandemic is something that Pal thinks hasn't yet been accounted for properly.

Pal thinks a further 20% decline in stocks is on the horizon.

In October, Pal predicted the Federal Reserve would cut rates to zero and the US would have negative rates.

In late February, Pal told investors to buy bonds and said the impacts from the coronavirus would be "meaningful and real."

"The whole world's f---ed."


That's what Raoul Pal, the former hedge-fund manager who founded Real Vision, said on the "Lindzanity" podcast while speaking about when he learned that the coronavirus was uncontrolled and spreading rapidly.

"The moment the spread hit Iran ... and then Italy — that all happened over the span of three or four days — I was like: 'time to panic before everybody else,'" he said. "It's human behavior function. If the Chinese closed every single border and every city, everybody's going to do it."
To bring you up to speed, Pal retired at 36 after quitting jobs at Goldman Sachs and GLG Partners. He lives comfortably on a 140-person island in the Cayman Islands and spends his days writing market research, which comes with a hefty price tag of $40,000 per year.

"I said, 'Listen, this is the biggest economic event of all of our lifetimes — and it's coming,'" he added. "And that was, in retrospect, the greatest call I've ever had."
But this isn't the first time Pal has nailed a prescient call. In October, he said the Federal Reserve needed to cut interest rates to zero and warned of negative interest rates in the US, both of which have materialized.

What's more, as the market was topping out in late February, Pal expressed his affinity for owning bonds — a trade that would've immensely rewarded investors who took his advice. He also said the implications of the coronavirus would be "meaningful and real."

That was before things really started to fall apart.


Today, Pal thinks the coronavirus will cause "the largest insolvency event in all history." And given his track record lately, that's not reassuring.

"I think the balance of probabilities are that this is a much longer event — in terms of economic impacts — than anybody is pricing in," he said. "I think it's a huge societal change that's coming from all of this."

To Pal, the duration of the fallout from the coronavirus is the key factor here — one that he thinks investors aren't paying enough attention to. In his mind, those who are a projecting sharp V-shaped recovery in the third and fourth quarters are incorrect in their assumptions.

"Isolation is going to be a real event for a significant period of time," he said. "You've got a world that's going to be much more closed, and that's leading to complications in supply chains."


He added: "It makes people become more local."

Pal's prognosis echoes that of billionaire "bond king" Jeffrey Gundlach.

"We're going to be getting much more less connected to globalization," Gundlach said in a DoubleLine webcast earlier this week. "We're going to be bringing manufacturing back and thinking about things in very different ways."

But the changes that Pal and Gundlach expect don't happen overnight, which is why Pal thinks the fallout could worsen. Every day that the pandemic drags on is one less day without production and consumption. Then that, in turn, heightens bankruptcy risk.

"So I'm now in the point of thinking we've got another 20% downside or so to come before we get the three-, four-month bounce of hope," he said. "For the average guy, this is a very, very, very difficult world we're going to go into — and I can't sugarcoat it because there is no nice answer."


Dr. Fauci says the coronavirus is 'shining a bright light' on 'unacceptable' health disparities for African Americans

BUSINESS INSIDER APRIL 8, 2020

Director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases at the
 National Institutes of Health Anthony Fauci walks on the North Lawn 
outside the West Wing at the White House, after TV interviews Thursday,
 March 12, 2020, in Washington.

 (AP Photo/Manuel Balce Ceneta) Associated Press

Dr. Anthony Fauci struck an emotional tone when discussing the disproportionate death toll facing African Americans from COVID-19 during Tuesday's White House Coronavirus Task Force press briefing.

"And the reason I want to bring it up, because I couldn't help sitting there reflecting on how sometimes when you're in the middle of a crisis, like we are now with the coronavirus, it really does have, ultimately, shine a very bright light on some of the real weaknesses and foibles in our society," Fauci said.

Fauci said mortality rates and ICU intubations are higher among African Americans because of a greater prevalence of "underlying medical conditions — the diabetes, the hypertension, the obesity, the asthma."

Serving as director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) since 1984, Fauci recalled the bulk of his career's work, which has focused on HIV/AIDS.

" ... [I]f you go back then during that period of time when there was extraordinary stigma — particularly against the gay community — and it was only when the world realized how the gay community responded to this outbreak with incredible courage and dignity and strength and activism, that I think that really changed some of the stigma against the gay community, very much so."

Dr. Anthony Fauci took time to look at the big picture of broader societal problems during Tuesday's White House Coronavirus Task Force press briefing, delving into how African Americans have been harder hit by the coronavirus in terms of ICU intubations and a mounting death toll compared to the rest of the population.

In Chicago, more than half of all COVID-19 positive test results and 72% of virus-related deaths have been among African Americans, who make up just 32% of the city's population and 15% for the entire state of Illinois.

In Wisconsin, the numbers have been even more disproportionate. Seventy-three percent of all COVID deaths in Milwaukee County have been among black people, who otherwise make up under half of all positive test results and just 28% of the county's total population.


Fauci raised the subject after President Donald Trump left the briefing halfway through on Tuesday evening.

"And the reason I want to bring it up, because I couldn't help sitting there reflecting on how sometimes when you're in the middle of a crisis, like we are now with the coronavirus, it really does have, ultimately, shine a very bright light on some of the real weaknesses and foibles in our society," Fauci said.

"As some of you may know, the greater proportion of my professional career has been defined by HIV/AIDS, and if you go back then during that period of time when there was extraordinary stigma — particularly against the gay community — and it was only when the world realized how the gay community responded to this outbreak with incredible courage and dignity and strength and activism, that I think that really changed some of the stigma against the gay community, very much so," Fauci added.

"I see a similarity here because health disparities have always existed for the African American community," he said. "But here again, with the crisis, how it's shining a bright light on how unacceptable that is."

Fauci, along with Dr. Deborah Birx, noted that there are no biological reasons why African Americans are dying at higher rates from COVID-19.

Fauci said that it's not the case that African Americans are getting infected more often, but said that prevalence of "underlying medical conditions — the diabetes, the hypertension, the obesity, the asthma" lead to higher ICU and death rates.

Trump also briefly addressed the topic, saying the virus' impact has been "disproportional," but that more research needs to be done to determine why.


Not all states count a patient's race upon hospitalization or death.

At New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo's press briefing on Tuesday, his top adviser Melissa DeRosa said state officials have been contacting local coroners to determine demographic information about those dying from COVID-19.

Fauci later told a reporter that the trend is not limited to particular cities or states.

"The underlying reason why that is happening does not change from state to state," Fauci said.

The disproportionate impact should be a call for broader action once the dust settles, he noted earlier.

"So when all this is over — and as we said, it will end, we will get over coronavirus — but there will still be health disparities, which we really do need to address in the African American community."


Why African Americans are dying at higher rates from COVID-19

AFP / JEFF KOWALSKYThere is no nationwide data available on COVID-19 cases by race, but a pattern of over-representation by black Americans has emerged in states or jurisdictions that are sharing the numbers
The new coronavirus isn't biased about who it infects -- so why does data emerging from some states suggest that African Americans are bearing the brunt of the pandemic in the US?
Experts say blacks are disproportionately impacted by underlying health conditions linked to poverty, face discrimination in medical care, and are more likely to work jobs that require them to leave their home.
"We know that blacks are more likely to have diabetes, heart disease, lung disease," the nation's top doctor, Surgeon General Jerome Adams told CBS News on Tuesday.
These chronic illnesses, which are in turn linked to poverty and structural racism, can lead to more serious forms of the COVID-19 disease.
Adams, who is himself black and has high blood pressure and asthma, added: "I represent that legacy of growing up poor and black in America.
"And I, and many black Americans, are at higher risk for COVID."
- Emerging trend -
AFP / SAUL LOEBPeople wearing masks to try and prevent the spread of COVID-19 leave a supermarket in Washington, DC, April 7, 2020
There is no nationwide data available on COVID-19 cases by race, but a pattern of over-representation by black Americans has emerged in states or jurisdictions that are sharing the numbers.
Sixty-eight percent of coronavirus deaths in Chicago have been among African Americans, who make up just 30 percent of the city's population.
"Those numbers take your breath away," the city's mayor Lori Lightfoot said Monday at a coronavirus briefing. "This is a call to action for all of us."
The trend is repeated in North Carolina, Louisiana, Michigan, Wisconsin and the capital Washington.
Doctor Georges Benjamin, executive director of the American Public Health Association, told AFP the issue was also linked to social class, with black people more likely to work jobs deemed essential that expose them to potential infection.
"That population is more public facing," he said. "More bus drivers, more people taking public transportation to work, more people providing services in nursing homes, more folks working in grocery stores."
- Structural bias -
AFP / KAMIL KRZACZYNSKIA man waits in long line to vote in a presidential primary election outside the Riverside High School in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on April 7, 2020
The problem is compounded by implicit and explicit bias that African Americans face in the medical system.
Doctor James Hildreth, president of the historically black Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tennessee told AFP that in his city, most of the initial testing took place at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Most of the patients who go to hospital systems like these have insurance, and it was only recently that three assessment centers run by the city of Nashville were built for the underprivileged and minority communities -- one of them located at Meharry's campus and run by its staff.
"My point is, depending on which community you live in, and whether or not you have insurance... the chances for getting assessed are much less," he said.
What's more, it's well documented that when black people seek care, they are less likely to have their symptoms believed or get adequately treated, Doctor Ebony Hilton, an anesthesiologist at the University of Virginia Medical Center told AFP.
For example, black women are less likely to have their breast cancer mammograms seen by a specialist as opposed to a general radiologist, according to a 2012 study from the University of Illinois at Chicago.
Black heart patients who present with elevated levels of a group of proteins indicating cardiac injury are also less likely to be seen by specialists, per a 2018 study.
A civil rights group wrote this week to the US health secretary, Alex Azar, calling on him to "release daily racial and ethnic demographic data related to COVID-19 testing, disease burden and patient outcomes."
This, said the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, was necessary to ensure a robust public health response, and to make certain care and testing aren't being administered in a discriminatory manner.
The group said the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was already collecting the information but deliberately withholding it.
Hilton stressed that it was in the interests of Americans as a whole to address the problem, because -- unlike high rates of heart disease or cancer -- a wave of coronavirus spreading through the black and Hispanic population will ultimately impact everyone else.
"When you have a system that's not treating these people of lower social economic status and these minority groups, they are then not being tested, they're sent back home to infect their community," she said.
"Those workers who are now infected are going to the grocery store, and when the upper echelon of America are going to get their food, they will get infected too."
PANDEMIC PROFITEERING

'Hellbent on making money off of dying Americans': Inside the black market where multimillion dollar orders for masks lead to empty warehouses


Tom LoBianco and Darren Samuelsohn Apr 4, 2020 BUSINESS INSIDER PRIME
Hospital clinicians get into their protective equipment before testing 
patients for the coronavirus, Covid-19 at Newton-Wellesley Hospital 
in Newton, Massachusetts on March 18, 2020, as the hospital has 
set up three tents in the parking garage where patients who have 
been pre-screened can show up for testing.
 JOSEPH PREZIOSO / Contributor/Getty Images

As mask manufacturers direct sales of vital supplies to healthcare workers, scammers are luring states into fake deals in order to obtain legitimate purchase orders so they can buy masks for the black market, sources tell Business Insider.

Florida's top emergency management official railed against a "Ponzi scheme" full of empty warehouses and "phantom planes." 

The Sunshine State was ready to pay $13 million to Mexican businessmen for two million masks that may have never existed.

Well-connected political operatives are using their relationships to make money on medical supplies for coronavirus response. 

Florida's top emergency management official Jared Moskowitz raised eyebrows earlier this week at a press conference when, with Gov. Ron DeSantis at his side, he vented his frustrations at the Wild West facing states trying to procure desperately needed medical supplies.

In blistering terms, Moskowitz described state governments chasing after ghost caches of protective masks and other critical medical equipment dangled by under-the-radar political operatives and mysterious middlemen who seem to be taking advantage of the biggest global health crisis in a century.

"The N95 private market right now is like a Ponzi scheme," Moskowitz told reporters on Monday, using the technical term for respirator masks that filter 95 percent of airborne particles. "All day long we try to find these masks. We're talking to brokers. We're talking to distributors. We're talking to medical salespeople. We're chasing down warehouses only to get there to find out that they're empty."

"We're being told these supplies are on planes only to see that they're phantom planes, chasing ghosts when they don't appear on FlightAware," the former Democratic state legislator continued. "We're constantly engaging in bidding wars, being asked to wire money to accounts that were set up that very same day with email addresses that were created only a couple of days ago."

Moskowitz didn't offer more specifics. But Business Insider has uncovered details of a scheme that he may have been referring to: Just a few days before the press conference, Moskowitz's office had become ensnared in what insiders say was an attempt by a mysterious broker to trick Florida into agreeing to buy two million of the highly-prized masks for the exorbitant price of $13 million.
Various N95 respiration masks at a laboratory of 3M, that has been 
contracted by the U.S. government to produce extra marks in response
 to the country's novel coronavirus outbreak, in Maplewood, Minnesota, 
U.S. March 4, 2020. Reuters/Nicholas Pfosi


"It's just madness"
There were no masks — a broker representing the state at one point rushed to the alleged seller's headquarters only to find an empty and abandoned warehouse — and Florida never ended up paying any money. But the state did sign a $13 million purchase agreement.

In the wild, highly speculative pop-up market for masks, sources involved in procurement efforts tell Business Insider, such agreements have become a currency in their own right. Because 3M, the largest maker of N95 masks, is prioritizing mask orders bound for hospitals or states, these sources say, official state purchase orders have become golden tickets, granting whomever obtains one access to the lucrative 3M supply chain.

As a result, the sources say, some scammers have been luring states into fake deals just to secure purchase agreements, which they can either sell upstream to medical equipment distributors or use to buy masks for the black market.

The states don't lose any money on these phantom deals, but they end up left in a lurch, wasting the valuable time and attention of emergency response officials.

"It's just madness," Moskowitz said on Wednesday during an appearance on a talk radio show hosted by Jay Sekulow, the Trump personal lawyer who served as key defense counsel for the president during his Senate impeachment trial earlier this year.
Another challenge for states

Florida isn't alone. Governors across the country have been sounding the alarm about the slapdash wheeling and dealing which has left them competing with each other and countless international players in a bid to find masks and other equipment to help care for their sick and protect healthcare workers and other vulnerable populations.

New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo has repeatedly bemoaned price-gouging, noting that medical supplies which would typically cost 58 cents a piece now run up to $7.50 each.

Trump's government is also taking steps to address the situation. Attorney General William Barr last month created task forces that are investigating medical supply hoarders, price gougers, and anyone else looking to use the coronavirus pandemic to make a fast buck.

On Thursday, DOJ and the Department of Health and Human Services announced the confiscation of more than a half million medical supplies from price gougers, including nearly 200,000 masks that are being distributed to the front lines of the coronavirus response.

DONALD TRUMPS NEW HOME STATE; FLORIDA

MIAMI GARDENS, FLORIDA - MARCH 22: Jared Moskowitz, 
Director of Florida's Division of Emergency Management speaks at
 the opening of a drive-thru coronavirus testing facility at Hard Rock 
Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida. MPI10 / MediaPunch /IPXA 

$13 million deal that never happened

The demand for masks in Florida is real — and urgent. COVID-19 cases have begun doubling every three days in most parts of the state, matching spikes in areas like the Northeast and New Orleans, according to The New York Times' case-tracker.

After weeks of criticism for keeping the state's beaches open through Spring Break, and in the face of clear evidence that Florida will be among the hardest hit states, DeSantis on Wednesday issued a mandatory stay-at-home order, following the lead of almost 40 other governors, according to a New York Times analysis.

Behind the scenes, the Republican governor's officials were already racing to find medical supplies.

A week ago, former D.C. Beltway Republican operative John Plishka and Dallas-based investor Jacob Watters teamed up with a prominent GOP lobbyist in Florida in an effort to secure two million masks for the Sunshine State. The trio made contact with people in Mexico claiming to be representatives for 3M.

It sounded like a networking home run: Plishka's team knew an operative in Texas, who knew an operative in Mexico City, who said he knew the 3M reps for Latin America.

For Plishka and Watters, creators of a new company, Critical Supply, the stars were starting to align. The two men had been working for nearly a year connecting with medical equipment manufacturers in China, as part of a major e-commerce effort to build a direct supply line to hospitals. By the time coronavirus hit at the start of 2020, Plishka's team had plenty of experience in navigating the markets for masks and other medical supplies.

Last Thursday, Plishka's Florida-based partners met with a state-approved pre-purchase inspector to pick up the masks from the people who said they were connected to 3M. The state had $13 million ready for the deal, which works out to an exorbitant unit price of $6.50 per mask, an 800 percent markup.

But as soon as Plishka and his team sent the alleged 3M representatives a copy of the purchase order, along with a letter of intent signed by Moskowitz on Florida Division of Emergency Management letterhead, the sellers went silent. Plishka's team recalled the business address and name of the company that the alleged reps had used and darted to its South Florida warehouse, hoping to find the two million masks.

But the warehouse was abandoned and empty.

A worker wearing personal protective equipment builds a splash guard during a mass manufacturing operation to supply New York City government with protection to distribute against COVID-19 transmission, Friday, March 27, 2020, at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in New York. The new coronavirus causes mild or moderate symptoms for most people, but for some, especially older adults and people with existing health problems, it can cause more severe illness or death AP Photo/John Minchillo


The new coronavirus commodity: Purchase orders

A few hours later, the supposed 3M representatives resurfaced. They apologized for disappearing and explained that the masks had already been sold to another buyer. But they had a path to get another line of masks if Plishka's team could provide another purchase order from the state.

Plishka and Watters told Business Insider that they came to believe the people his team was talking to didn't want money. They were after the purchase orders.

In an effort to stem the tide of fraud and profiteering, on March 20, 3M announced that it would work with "governments, medical officials, customers and distributors around the world to help get supplies where they are needed most." It later clarified that it was directing more than 90 percent of its respirator production to healthcare and public health. The new guidelines, Plishka and Watters told Business Insider, had the unintended consequence of creating a black market for purchase orders — just the piece of paper — from states or other authorized buyers.

Now, anyone who wants to get into the lucrative 3M supply chain needs to have such a purchase order to demonstrate that the ultimate recipient of the masks is a priority. Potential scammers, Watters and Plishka told Business Insider, can "flip" the orders by selling them to other middlemen, who use them to buy masks from 3M that they can sell on the black market.

The paper-flipping scheme, they said, is wasting crucial time and keeping masks from getting to hospitals. "What they are doing is using people like us, who have the relationships," Watters said. "They then fraudulently issue that letter to their 3M distributor to get on the supply line."

Ordinarily, a source familiar with the process says, brokers send such letters of intent through intermediaries to 3M, which then sends an engagement letter and certificates authorizing the purchase directly to the entity that issued the letter — in this case, the state of Florida. The process is designed to keep scammers out of the supply chain. But the chaos of the current market appears to have short-circuited those safeguards in some cases.

Enter Mark Cuban

As word got out that Plishka was trying to buy masks for Florida, other alleged suppliers approached his team. Each claimed to have photos of stockpiles of N95 masks ready for immediate delivery. Different alleged suppliers sent him copies of an identical grainy video of cardboard boxes stamped with "3M" on wooden pallets. One supplier said the video was from a warehouse in London; a different person sent the same video but claimed it came from a warehouse in Miami. Both alleged suppliers said all they needed was a purchase order from a state or hospital.

In one call, someone purporting to have 10 million masks in Texas quickly hung up the phone after Watters said he could be at the warehouse to check the inventory in 20 minutes.

The state of Florida didn't lose any money in the scam that Moskowitz was caught up in, and it's unclear if there's an obvious victim, as in traditional fraud cases. But Plishka and Watters said the damage is nonetheless still life-threatening.

Florida isn't alone in facing phantom mask sellers. This week, according to the Los Angeles Times, a federal task force in charge of clamping down on COVID-19 medical supply fraud launched an investigation into a strikingly similar case in California, in which a seller claiming to have 39 million masks disappeared before money changed hands.

Moskowitz's office declined an interview request and did not respond to detailed questions from Business Insider about his efforts to secure masks. But the once-obscure Florida official hasn't held back on social media and interviews with conservative media outlets since making his initial remarks on Monday.

On Twitter, Moskowitz appeared to trash one of the deals that fell through by blaming 3M for the foul-up. "Hi @3M. I'm your new Troll," he wrote. "How many brokers and distributors do we have to negotiate with only to find empty warehouses?"

That blast went viral, and caught the attention of Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban, who replied on Twitter, "Great question, Jared. Have you been able to get in contact with anyone @3M or their distributors?"

Moskowitz's media blitz continued Wednesday on Sekulow's radio program, which is carried by about 1,000 mostly conservative stations around the country. Asked by the Trump lawyer if he'd flagged the shady market dealings to the federal government, Moskowitz replied that he'd been in touch with the Federal Emergency Management Agency and praised the creation of several Trump administration initiatives to address the medical product supply chain.




Feds are aware of the issue, 3M CEO says

On Thursday, Moskowitz told Fox News' Tucker Carlson that for the last several weeks his staff had been working from a "boiler room" to identify any way to get masks and supplies to the state. "What's even more troubling is what we expected, is that the system is completely broken," Moskowitz complained. "And that the authorized distributors who right now can't tell me a timeline when I'm going to receive my masks orders that I put in a month ago. And, by the way, the terms and conditions are I gotta pay for my masks and can't cancel my order."

Moskowitz also complained that 3M-authorized distributors were engaged in "criminal" activity by prioritizing foreign buyers. "They're specifically saying, 'Listen, we are sorry that your order got pushed down, but there are folks showing up to the factories, there are folks showing up to us, calling us, paying cash.'" he recalled. "And when I said, 'What do you mean there are folks?' They said, 'Well, listen there are foreign countries that do business differently and they're showing up with cash."

Plishka said 3M's dominance in the respirator mask market is part of the problem. "The end result is an increasing black market of immoral traders of 3M products — hellbent on making money off of dying Americans," Plishka told Business Insider. "All while healthcare providers, first responders, and the vulnerable are lacking the proper protection they need."

For its part, 3M has been scrambling to address the issue. CEO Mike Roman on March 24 in a letter to Barr and key state leaders referenced the "many reports of fraudulent activity and price-gouging involving medical devices" and described outreach with logistics providers and large e-marketplace operators "on a coordinated strategy and action plan to ensure products rapidly get to where they are needed most.

A week later, Roman said 3M was pledging to "take decisive action against those seeking to take illegal and unethical advantage of the COVID-19 outbreak."

"We are working with law enforcement authorities around the world on this matter, including federal, state, and local authorities in the US," he added.

On Thursday, Trump's administration invoked the Korean War-era Defense Production Act with an order to 3M to put U.S. orders first ahead of foreign demand. The company responded by noting the "significant humanitarian implications" for Canada and Latin American markets and raised the prospect of international retaliation from other countries.

Representatives for 3M did not respond to multiple requests for comment from Business Insider.

A DeSantis spokesman deferred questions to Moskowitz's office.

Political operatives seize opportunity in medical supplies

In any normal medical transaction, hospitals would purchase goods like N95 masks through group purchasing organizations, which are bulk wholesalers who buy from manufacturers and sell to hospitals in large quantities. But that supply chain fell apart early in the coronavirus pandemic, leaving doctors and nurses pleading on social media for equipment as they treat nonstop waves of sick people in hot zones from coast to coast.

That's where the likes of Plishka and Watters have stepped in.

Amid the dire demand and the broken supply lines, political operatives who would otherwise be working to elect federal, state, and local candidates in the 2020 election have rushed into the void — with mixed results.

Longtime Republican fundraiser Mike Gula announced in late March that he'd abruptly shut down his practice to enter the medical supply business, POLITICO reported. And a Republican candidate for Congress mired in the Trump impeachment probe frantically tweeted earlier this week that he was looking for buyers for 10 million masks. On Monday, Trump even welcomed Mike Lindell to the lectern at the Rose Garden, where "the My Pillow Guy" promised he could manufacture 50,000 masks a day to the federal government. (Lindell later attacked those mocking him on Twitter, telling Yahoo News they were angry at him for referencing God.)

A longtime lobbyist for Indiana's hospitals told Business Insider he's been bombarded with calls from political operatives claiming to have access to masks. Some of the offers appear to be more serious than others.

"I don't believe there's any gold at the end of the rainbow, but I do believe they think it's legitimate," the lobbyist said, adding that he has been able to ignore the overtures for now because Indiana is suffering less than others and can rely on the limited federal supply.

Congressional candidate Robert Hyde of Simsbury, Conn., 
displays campaign phone-grips under the Genius of Connecticut 
statue in the Connecticut State Capitol in Hartford, Conn., 
on Friday, Jan. 17, 2020. Mark Mirko/Hartford Courant/TNS


An impeachment player makes a cameo

Another entry into the market is Rob Hyde, a long-shot GOP candidate for Congress from Connecticut who said he started getting unsolicited offers of millions of masks while calling around Tuesday for donations for local hospitals.

Hyde, who gained fame last year after texts emerged between him and Rudolph Giuliani associate Lev Parnas indicating that he had been spying on U.S. Ambassador to the Ukraine Marie Yovanovitch, said he is working with suppliers in Florida, Pennsylvania, and Israel. In an interview with Business Insider, he explained that he can get masks to hospitals within four days in some cases or a week if they want them shipped from the Middle East.

The masks housed in Florida, Hyde said, were from a supplier who had stockpiled them after Hurricane Maria hit Puerto Rico in September 2017. He declined to say who his suppliers were, if he had actually seen the masks in person, or whether he even had proof of their existence. He also said he had access to the Arizona governor's office and other officials ready to buy from him.

"Literally, in 24 hours my life has gone from donations for local hospitals, to I'm selling to the biggest hospitals in New York," Hyde said Thursday. "I've got like three solid contacts, they're all solid — in Florida, Pennsylvania, and out of Israel, and I've got huge purchasing power."

But Hyde struggled to explain how he got into the supply chain, and how he could prove he had access to the hard-to-find masks. When asked about the apparent rise of a speculative market that's causing consternation among state and federal officials, Hyde briefly paused and went silent. He said he wasn't aware of the controversy but added that it sounded scandalous.

Hyde appeared to mistake an Business Insider reporter for a buyer. After figuring out the journalist was not interested in buying masks from him, Hyde asked if he could call him back.

That call never came.


How America's decimated pandemic response capabilities led to one of the worst coronavirus outbreaks in the world
Sonam Sheth INSIDER Apr 4, 2020

The US is the global epicenter of the novel coronavirus pandemic.

The story of how the country got here was set in motion years ago, when the Trump administration began weakening the very agencies responsible for handling such an outbreak.

The result was a beleaguered public health system scrambling to come to grips with a looming crisis, and a disastrous failure to conduct early, rigorous testing.

The US response was further hobbled by a lack of interagency communication and ineffective leadership from top brass.

Meanwhile, the president spent the critical early weeks of the crisis downplaying its severity and claiming it was a "hoax" to hurt his reelection chances, even as his own intelligence officials briefed him daily about an impending pandemic.

On January 20, a 35-year-old man in Washington state who had recently traveled to Wuhan, China, became the first case of the novel coronavirus in the US.

"We have it totally under control," President Donald Trump said in an interview with CNBC two days later. "It's one person coming in from China. We have it under control. It's going to be just fine."

By February 10, the US had recorded 12 confirmed cases, but Trump assured the public that the country was "in great shape" and that the virus would "go away" by April. On February 29, the US announced its first death tied to COVID-19; on March 11, the same day the World Health Organization declared a pandemic, there were 1,000 US cases and 28 deaths.

It's now April, and the US leads the rest of the world in confirmed cases. "China warned Italy," Fred Milgrim, an emergency room physician in Queens, wrote in The Atlantic last week. "Italy warned us. We didn't listen."

The Trump Administration helped hamstring the country's public health agencies

The story of how the US — the world's richest country and home to some of its most brilliant scientific minds — became the global epicenter of the crisis was set in motion years ago.


In 2018, the newly minted Trump administration was intent on distinguishing itself from its predecessor by trimming bureaucracy and what Trump characterized as "waste, fraud, and abuse" across the government. But some of the agencies that took the biggest hit were those tasked with responding to public health crises.

In May of that year, the National Security Council's pandemic response team was disbanded amid a reorganization of the NSC under then-national security adviser John Bolton. One month earlier, Bolton forced out Tom Bossert, the White House homeland security adviser who had called for a robust strategy against pandemics and bioweapons attacks.

Rear Adm. Timothy Ziemer, who would have overseen the US's response to the coronavirus pandemic in his previous role as head of the pandemic response team, also abruptly left the Trump administration after the unit was disbanded. The group, called the Global Health Security and Biodefense unit, was created under the Obama administration in 2015 following the Ebola outbreak.

The Trump administration also eliminated the US government's $30 million Complex Crises Fund, which consisted of emergency response money that the secretary of state could use to deploy disease experts and others in a crisis.

More recently, it ended a pandemic research program aimed at training scientists in China and other countries to detect and prepare for a threat like the coronavirus, the Los Angeles Times reported. The US Agency for International Development (USAID) launched the initiative, called PREDICT, in 2009; it worked with 60 different foreign laboratories, including the lab in Wuhan that identified the coronavirus that causes COVID-19.

The program shut down in September when it ran out of funding — about two months before the novel coronavirus began surging through China.

The administration has continued targeting the nation's health and science agencies for budget reductions, even in the face of a rapidly escalating pandemic. According to the 2021 fiscal year budget proposal the White House sent to Congress in February, the administration has requested an almost 10% cut to the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and a 16% cut to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
A man is wheeled into an ambulance during the outbreak
 of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), in the Manhattan
 borough of New York City, New York, U.S., March 27, 2020. 
REUTERS/Carlo Allegri

Once the virus gained a stronger foothold in the US, the administration was still slow to act. In early February, HHS Secretary Alex Azar asked the White House to allocate $2 billion to replenish the national emergency stockpile of medical equipment, The Washington Post reported. The White House agreed to just a quarter of that.

Meanwhile, The New York Times reported on Wednesday that the Trump administration allowed a contract with a company maintaining the government's stockpile of emergency, life-saving medical devices to expire last summer. A contract dispute meant a new firm didn't begin its work until late January, when the US coronavirus outbreak was well underway.
The US outbreak was exacerbated after the country botched its early response

The New York Times reported recently that in the nascent days of the outbreak, leaders on the federal coronavirus task force assured their peers that the CDC had developed a diagnostic testing model that would be quickly rolled out as a first step to contain the virus.

But that large-scale testing didn't happen as planned, The Times reported, because of a series of bureaucratic and regulatory flaws at the US agencies responsible for handling the crisis. For one, top officials seemingly failed to grasp the seriousness of scientists' warnings about the virus's spread in China.

Some of the tests the CDC distributed to state labs also turned out to be flawed, and more than half of the labs received inconclusive results. A problem with one ingredient in the test kits resulted in further distribution delays.

And when it surfaced that there were significant problems with the CDC's initial screening test, director Robert R. Redfield promised a speedy solution but failed to deliver on it for weeks. In February, only three out of 100 public-health labs were equipped to test for the virus, according to Politico.
Doctors test hospital staff for coronavirus at St. Barnabas 
hospital in the Bronx on March 24, 2020. Misha Friedman/Getty Images

The CDC also imposed strict guidelines on who could get tested for the virus, The Times reported, and dragged its feet on doing "community-based surveillance," making it impossible for federal and local officials to track the early spread of the disease. Meanwhile, the Food and Drug Administration's regulations hamstrung medical centers and private companies from developing and implementing their own diagnostic tests in emergency situations.

As a result, the US was initially performing fewer than 100 tests per day on average; other countries like South Korea were conducting tens of thousands of tests daily.

A host of emails detailed in a recent ProPublica investigation showed that the CDC also lagged behind on updating its testing guidelines, training states on how to use a new digital platform to track and monitor coronavirus cases, and developing a screening process for travelers arriving at US airports.

Taken together, the Times and ProPublica reports paint a damning picture of a beleaguered public health system scrambling to come to grips with the severity of a looming crisis.

"We're behind the curve, possibly well behind the curve" when it comes to being prepared, Jeremy Konyndyk, who served as the director of office of foreign disaster assistance at USAID during the Obama administration, told Insider.
Trump and Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar. Reuters

"A bad flu season is typically enough to strain US healthcare services to their limit," said Konyndyk, who led the US response to the Ebola outbreak in West Africa and is now a senior policy fellow at the Center for Global Development. "This is a disease that has the potential to be much worse than that."

Intelligence officials warned Trump about an impending pandemic but 'couldn't get him to do anything about it'

As the extent of the virus's spread in China became clearer toward the end of 2019 and at the beginning of this year, US intelligence officials began warning Trump about a pandemic, the Washington Post reported. The president was receiving briefings on the situation as early as January.

By the end of January and beginning of February, a majority of the intelligence contained in Trump's daily briefings was about the coronavirus, the report said. At the same time that he was getting those briefings, the president was publicly downplaying the risk of the virus.


"The system was blinking red," one US official with access to the intelligence told The Post. "Donald Trump may not have been expecting this, but a lot of other people in the government were — they just couldn't get him to do anything about it."

Some of the warnings came even earlier. Days before Trump's inauguration, Obama administration officials briefed Trump officials on how to respond to a pandemic, Politico reported. The hypothetical scenario Obama officials presented to the incoming administration bore many similarities to the coronavirus outbreak.

When asked whether any information from the session made its way to the president-elect, a former senior Trump administration official wasn't sure but said hypotheticals like that were not "the kind of thing that really interested the president very much."
Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
 (CDC) Dr. Robert Redfield. REUTERS/Joshua Roberts

Politico also reported that the Trump administration declined to use a nearly 70-page pandemic playbook that the NSC's health unit put together under the Obama administration. The document instructed federal officials on how to prepare for many of the same obstacles the Trump administration is now facing, including medical equipment shortages and a lack of coordination.

Then, from January to August 2019, the HHS conducted a training simulation about a hypothetical pandemic, caused by a disease that bore striking parallels to the novel coronavirus.


In the simulation, federal agencies fought over who was in charge, state officials and hospitals couldn't figure out what and how much medical equipment was available, and there was no centralized coordination on state lockdowns and school closings.

The team conducting the simulation put together a draft report laying out the roadblocks they discovered in the exercises, but their warnings went unheeded, according to The New York Times.
Trump consistently downplayed the outbreak and attempted to control messaging, further obscuring the depth of the crisis

The president spent the early weeks of the outbreak insisting there was nothing to worry about, and that warnings about a potential pandemic were a "hoax" meant to hurt his re-election bid and tank the stock market.

He appointed loyalists to head up the White House coronavirus task force and instructed some public health officials not to discuss any more matters related to the virus with the public without prior clearance. The president also has a powerful ally in the right-wing media, which has largely echoed his messaging from the start.

As the number of coronavirus cases in the US began ticking up and the death count increased, Trump acknowledged the problem but assured the public it would go away soon, and the pro-Trump media followed suit.

"There's this effort here to craft the truth about the disease for political purposes, and certainly partisan media is operating in a similar way to how state media functions in places like China," Stephen Hess, a professor of political science at Transylvania University who is an expert in authoritarianism, told Insider.

Trump's attempt to control messaging about the virus mirrors that of Chinese President Xi Jinping when the coronavirus hit China, Hess added.


The consequences have been devastating

The US is on track to have the worst coronavirus outbreak in the world. Entire cities and states have been placed on lockdown as the economy grinds to a halt. Schools and restaurants have been shuttered, and unemployment claims have shot up to unprecedented levels.

Hospitals are overflowing as healthcare workers race against the clock to save their patients, even as they place themselves at risk because of a dangerous shortage in personal protective equipment (PPE) like masks, gloves, and gowns.

"If this isn't a public health crisis, I don't know what is," a nurse in Detroit told The Daily Beast.

A paramedic described the situation in New York, which is the epicenter of the US outbreak, as a "war zone." An emergency worker in Queens, New York told The New York Times her hospital was using refrigerated trucks to store the bodies of deceased patients because there was no more space in the morgue.

Patrick Marmo, a funeral director in New York, told Insider's Dave Mosher the pandemic is straining his work to a breaking point as well.

"I don't know how many more bodies I can take," Marmo said. "No one in the New York City area possibly has enough equipment to care for human remains of this magnitude."

John Haltiwanger and Ashley Collman contributed reporting.