Sunday, April 25, 2021

India's epidemic mirrors hypocrisy of US, West

By Qian Feng
GLOBAL TIMES
Published: Apr 25, 2021 


Multiple funeral pyres of COVID-19 victims burn at a site converted for mass cremations in New Delhi, India on Saturday. Indian authorities are scrambling to get medical oxygen to hospitals when the country reported a new global daily record of more than 346,000 infections for a third straight day. Photo: APThe US has refused India's request to ease exports for vaccine raw materials. Meanwhile, India's COVID-19 epidemic is getting into its "worst possible phase." By contrast, the US has celebrated its milestone of reaching the goal of 200 million shots. How ironic!

The US government has spiritually supported India in the epidemic fight in various occasions. US Secretary of State Antony Blinken tweeted on Sunday to show sympathy and support to the Indian people. He wrote, "Our hearts go out to the Indian people in the midst of the horrific COVID-19 outbreak. We are working closely with our partners in the Indian government, and we will rapidly deploy additional support to the people of India and India's health care heroes."

Nonetheless, as the US still faces challenges posed by COVID-19, it will continue to focus on meeting its domestic demands. Thus, in the near future it will be hard to see Washington give a substantial hand to other countries, including India, to fight the virus.

Countries like India should be aware that they are pawns to the US. They might be picked up when the US needs them, but then discarded like used tissue when they are not useful any more. The US has been attempting to bind India to its anti-China chariot. But when it is about support with practical moves, the US has stepped back with its commitment to take care of Americans "first and foremost." Hypocrisy of the US and the West has been exposed in this regard, together with their selfishness.

Some Indians have realized such hypocrisy. "If COVID-19 has taught us anything, it's that Western emphasis on human rights is one humungous farce," wrote K Bhattacharjee, an Indian author, at OpIndia media.

However, the US has attached special importance to India's strategic value as a leverage to suppress China. If India was weakened by the still wildly spreading COVID-19, it would obviously be less effective to the US' anti-China campaign. The US won't want to see this happen. So it is possible that Washington will reach out to New Delhi with some symbolic supports, including donations. In addition, the US-led Quad maybe has also disappointed India. At the "historic" Quad summit, the leaders of the US, Australia and Japan vowed to ramp up production of vaccines in India. This was done to counter China's vaccine distribution assistance to other countries and regions.

However, as India is more severely hit by the epidemic, both the US and Australia have issued only their vocal support. But Japan has remained silent so far. The Quad said it is committed to delivering up to 1 billion doses by the end of 2022 to address vaccine supply shortages across Southeast Asia and elsewhere. But the plan hasn't been carried out effectively. As a result, India will probably become reluctant when it comes to cooperating closely with its Quad partners.

When the US refused to help India with raw materials for vaccine, countries including China have expressed their good will to lend a hand. Actually, China has also capabilities to help its neighbor out. As a responsible major power, China clearly knows its international and regional responsibilities. It is willing to go through thick and thin together with its neighbors.



Photo:VCGNew Delhi hasn't responded to Beijing's olive branch. The Modi administration must be in a great hesitation. It desperately desires help from the international community as it is facing grave shortages of materials, including oxygen and personal protective equipment. Simultaneously, due to deteriorated relations with Beijing in recent years, New Delhi is restrained by domestic pressures from anti-China political forces.

What lesson can people draw from India's failure in getting a helping hand from the US? First, a big developing and emerging country as India should primarily focus on its own epidemic prevention to maintain its people's safety. This being the case, India should put aside all unrealistic diplomatic plans. India's attempts to earn influence by aiding others with COVID-19 vaccines go against not only Indian people's interests and epidemic prevention but also the country's future development.

Second, India should keep its strategic autonomy rather than tilting toward any side. India has been an upholder of autonomous development. But due to its geopolitical needs over the past few years, India has increasingly tilted toward the US and thus engaged in a game with China. But what India has been through has proven that the US and the Quad are not reliable.

It is believed that different voices from the international community will show that the real America does not care to help India right now as infections explode across the Asian country. India can perceive a very real America because of this.

The author is director of the research department at the National Strategy Institute at Tsinghua University. opinion@globaltimes.com.cn


Devastating epidemic 'may drag Indian economy back to 20 years ago'; China stands ready to help

By Zhang Hui
GLOBAL TIMES
Published: Apr 24, 2021 

Multiple funeral pyres of COVID-19 victims burn at a site converted for mass cremations in New Delhi, India on Saturday. Indian authorities are scrambling to get medical oxygen to hospitals when the country reported a new global daily record of more than 346,000 infections for a third straight day. Photo: AP

As India suffers its worst humanitarian crisis amid the devastating second wave of COVID-19 with the fastest rise in new daily cases any country has experienced since the outbreak, the Chinese government and enterprises have made goodwill gestures by offering help or donating medical supplies despite sour bilateral ties.

Chinese analysts, who project India's daily new cases may surge to 500,000 in two weeks, called on India to put aside political biases to learn from China in improving testing ability and building makeshift hospitals.

India has been breaking the record of the world's highest daily surge in the past days with more than 346,000 new cases and 2,624 deaths reported in the past 24 hours.

A shortage of medical oxygen, hospital beds and other necessary drugs continued to plague more hospitals in India on Saturday. Several hospitals either stopped admitting new patients due to no oxygen or posting SOS messages for help.

Moolchand Hospital in New Delhi tweeted on Saturday, "Urgent SOS help. We have less than 2 hours of oxygen supply."

Chinese analysts predicted daily new cases in India may peak at 500,000 in the next two weeks, and it needs at least a month optimistically for India to control the second wave. The real numbers are much higher than recorded as many homeless people infected with the virus have not been included, analysts said.

The worsening coronavirus situation in India will also deal a heavy blow to its economy, as its economy may be back to the size it was 20 years ago, and is likely to affect the stability of South Asia, Hu Zhiyong, who has closely followed the coronavirus situation in India since a year ago, told the Global Times on Saturday.

While expressing sympathies to India, the Chinese Foreign Ministry for two consecutive days this week said China is ready to provide support and help according to India's needs, and China is in communication with India on this, a good gesture that Chinese analysts said was the "friendliest signal" China has sent to India recently.





Donations from Chinese companies are also on the way.


With demand for medical oxygen cylinders skyrocketing in India, Chinese smartphone maker Xiaomi on Thursday announced it will donate INR 3 Crores to procure more than 1,000 oxygen concentrators for hospitals across India.

The Global Times learned from a source close to the matter on Saturday that a Chinese logistics company plans to donate 300,000 KN95 face masks to India, and the source is contacting recipients in India. A Chinese motorcycle company has donated more than 200,000 masks to a hospital in Delhi, and a Chinese company in the textile industry has purchased a ventilator in China and is sending it to a hospital in India.

Wang Guangfa, a respiratory expert at Peking University First Hospital who shared China's epidemic control and prevention experience with many countries including India last year, told the Global Times on Saturday that with a large population, India's priority is to learn from China on strict prevention and control measures, including improving its testing ability to find more patients, and building field hospitals to quarantine and treat patients.

Wang said that these measures could effectively control the source of infection and cut the virus transmission route as China's experience showed that many patients were detected from testing.

Aside from providing medical supplies, China could help India with testing equipment, testing reagents, construction materials for building makeshift hospitals as well as technical support, Wang said.

A Chinese merchant in India told the Global Times on condition of anonymity that he's concerned Indian government may be reluctant to receive Chinese donations and help, and even if accepted, Indian politicians would not stop fanning the flames of anti-China sentiment for their political gain.

He said that Indian residents did not show any hatred toward Chinese in India, but it's those Indian politicians and media who incite nationalism.

The Times of India reported on Thursday that India was looking to import oxygen from countries in the Gulf and Singapore, but not China even if China said it is ready to help, as China was "not among the countries India was looking to source oxygen from."

India was excluding China's help, Hu said, noting that India should drop its ideological biases and put lives first.

India wants to move closer with Western countries led by the US. But Western countries are busy canceling diplomatic exchanges and suspending flights from India, and the US did not lift its restrictions of exports of vaccine raw materials that India urgently needs, Hu said.

Covid-19 'swallowing' people in India, overwhelming crematoriums

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VIDEO India faces COVID-19 'tsunami'

Overwhelmed hospitals in India begged for oxygen supplies on Saturday as the country's coronavirus infections soared again overnight in a "tsunami" of disease, setting a new world record for cases for the third consecutive day.

India’s crematoriums and burial grounds are being overwhelmed by the devastating new surge of Covid-19 infections tearing through the populous country with terrifying speed, depleting the supply of life-saving oxygen to critical levels and leaving patients to die while waiting in line to see doctors.

For the fourth straight day, India on Sunday set a global daily record for new infections, spurred by an insidious, new variant that emerged in the country, undermining the government’s premature claims of victory over the pandemic.

AP
Multiple funeral pyres of victims of Covid-19 burn in a ground that has been 
converted into a crematorium for mass cremation in New Delhi.

The 349,691 confirmed cases over the past day brought India’s total to more than 16.9 million, behind only the United States. The Health Ministry reported another 2767 deaths in the past 24 hours, pushing India’s Covid-19 fatalities to 192,311.

Experts say that toll could be a huge undercount, as suspected cases are not included, and many deaths from the infection are being attributed to underlying conditions.

AP
The visceral reality of mass Covid-19 casualties.

READ MORE:
Inside a Delhi hospital in India, oxygen runs fatally short as Covid-19 cases mount
Covid-19: Indian hospitals plead for oxygen, country sets virus record
Covid-19: Travel restricted from new 'very high risk countries' to citizens only

The crisis unfolding in India is most visceral in its graveyards and crematoriums, and in heartbreaking images of gasping patients dying on their way to hospitals due to lack of oxygen

Burial grounds in the Indian capital New Delhi are running out of space and bright, glowing funeral pyres light up the night sky in other badly hit cities.



ALTAF QADRI/AP
The Covid-19 disaster in India is most vividly apparent in mass cremations.

In central Bhopal city, some crematoriums have increased their capacity from dozens of pyres to more than 50. Yet officials say there are still hours-long waits.

At the city’s Bhadbhada Vishram Ghat crematorium, workers said they cremated more than 110 people on Saturday, even as government figures in the entire city of 1.8 million put the total number of virus deaths at just 10.

MANISH SWARUP/AP
Health workers take rest in between cremating Covid-19 victims.

“The virus is swallowing our city’s people like a monster,” said Mamtesh Sharma, an official at the site.

The unprecedented rush of bodies has forced the crematorium to skip individual ceremonies and exhaustive rituals that Hindus believe release the soul from the cycle of rebirth.

MANISH SWARUP/AP
A relative of a person who died of Covid-19 reacts during cremation, in New Delhi.

“We are just burning bodies as they arrive,” said Sharma. “It is as if we are in the middle of a war.”

The head gravedigger at New Delhi’s largest Muslim cemetery, where 1000 people have been buried during the pandemic, said more bodies are arriving now than last year. “I fear we will run out of space very soon,” said Mohammad Shameem.

The situation is equally grim at unbearably full hospitals, where desperate people are dying in line, sometimes on the roads outside, waiting to see doctors.

AJIT SOLANKI/AP
A Covid-19 patient breathes with the help of an oxygen mask as he waits
 inside an auto rickshaw to be attended to and admitted in a dedicated hospital 
in Ahmedabad, India.

Health officials are scrambling to expand critical care units and stock up on dwindling supplies of oxygen. Hospitals and patients alike are struggling to procure scarce medical equipment that is being sold at an exponential markup.

The crisis is in direct contrast with government claims that “nobody in the country was left without oxygen,” in a statement made Saturday by India’s Solicitor General Tushar Mehta before Delhi High Court.

AJIT SOLANKI/AP
Ambulances carrying patients line up waiting for their turn to be attended to
 at a dedicated Covid-19 government hospital in Ahmedabad, India.

The breakdown is a stark failure for a country whose prime minister only in January had declared victory over Covid-19, and which boasted of being the “world’s pharmacy,” a global producer of vaccines and a model for other developing nations.

Caught off-guard by the latest deadly spike, the federal government has asked industrialists to increase the production of oxygen and other life-saving drugs in short supply. But health experts say India had an entire year to prepare for the inevitable – and it didn’t.


ALTAF QADRI/AP
A patient receives oxygen outside a Gurdwara, a Sikh house of worship, in New Delhi, India.

Dr. Krutika Kuppalli, assistant professor of medicine in the division of infectious diseases at the Medical University of South Carolina, said the Indian government has been "very reactive to this situation rather than being proactive.”

She said the government should have used the last year, when the virus was more under control, to develop plans to address a surge and “stockpiled medications and developed public-private partnerships to help with manufacturing essential resources in the event of a situation like this.”

“Most importantly, they should have looked at what was going on in other parts of the world and understood that it was a matter of time before they would be in a similar situation,’’ Kuppalli said.

Kuppalli called the government’s premature declarations of victory over the pandemic a “false narrative,” which encouraged people to relax health measures when they should have continued strict adherence to physical distancing, wearing masks and avoiding large crowds.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi is facing mounting criticism for allowing Hindu festivals and attending mammoth election rallies that experts suspect accelerated the spread of infections.

RAJESH KUMAR SINGH/AP
A relative of a person who died of Covid-19 prepares to wear his mask
 after performing rituals at the confluence of rivers Ganges and Yamuna 
in Prayagraj, India.

In one such election rally two weeks ago, Modi barely managed to hide his delight when he declared to his supporters in West Bengal state: “I have never seen such huge crowds.” At that time, the virus had already started to rear its head again and experts were warning a deadly surge was inevitable.

With the death toll mounting, Modi’s Hindu nationalist government is trying to quell critical voices.

On Saturday, Twitter complied with the government’s request and prevented people in India from viewing more than 50 tweets that appeared to criticise the administration’s handling of the pandemic. The targeted posts include tweets from opposition ministers critical of Modi, journalists and ordinary Indians.

A Twitter spokesperson said it had powers to “withhold access to the content in India only” if the company determined the content to be “illegal in a particular jurisdiction.” The company said it had responded to an order by the government and notified people whose tweets were withheld.

India’s Information Technology Ministry did not respond to a request for comment.

Even with the targeted blocks, horrific scenes of overwhelmed hospitals and cremation grounds spread on Twitter and drew appeals of help.

ALTAF QADRI/AP
A Covid-19 patient sits inside a car and breathes with the help of oxygen provided
 by a Gurdwara, a Sikh house of worship, in New Delhi, India. India’s medical oxygen 
shortage has become so dire that this gurdwara began offering free breathing sessions 
with shared tanks to Covid-19 patients waiting for a hospital bed. They arrive in their 
cars, on foot or in three-wheeled taxis, desperate for a mask and tube attached to the 
precious oxygen tanks outside the gurdwara in a neighborhood outside New Delhi.

White House National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan on Sunday said the United States is “deeply concerned” by the severe Covid-19 outbreak in India. “We are working around the clock to deploy more supplies and support to our friends and partners in India as they bravely battle this pandemic,” Sullivan tweeted.

Help and support also appeared to arrive from archrival Pakistan, with politicians, journalists and citizens in the neighbouring country expressing support for people in India. Pakistan's Foreign Affairs Ministry said it offered to provide relief support including ventilators, oxygen supply kits, digital X-ray machines, PPE and related items.

“Humanitarian issues require responses beyond political consideration,” Foreign Minister Shah Mehmood Qureshi said.

The Indian government did not immediately respond to Qureshi’s statement.

AP

Myanmar activists slam ASEAN-junta consensus, vow to continue protests

Reuters




A woman prepares a placard out of crossed out portraits of Myanmar's junta chief Senior General Min Aung Hlaing during protest against the military coup in Myanmar, in Jakarta, Indonesia, April 24, 2021 in this photo taken by Antara Foto. Antara Foto/Dhemas Reviyanto/ via REUTERS


Myanmar's pro-democracy activists sharply criticised an agreement between the country's junta chief and Southeast Asian leaders to end the nation's violent post-coup crisis and vowed on Sunday to continue their protest campaign.

Some scattered peaceful protests took place in Myanmar's big cities on Sunday, a day after the meeting of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) with Senior General Min Aung Hlaing in Jakarta, Indonesia, reached a consensus to end the turmoil in the country, but gave no timeline.

"Whether it is ASEAN or the U.N., they will only speak from outside saying don’t fight but negotiate and solve the issues. But that doesn’t reflect Myanmar’s ground situation," said Khin Sandar from a protest group called the General Strikes Collaboration Committee.

"We will continue the protests. We have plans to do so," she told Reuters by phone.

According to a statement from ASEAN chair Brunei, a consensus was reached in Jakarta on five points - ending violence, a constructive dialogue among all parties, a special ASEAN envoy to facilitate the dialogue, acceptance of aid and a visit by the envoy to Myanmar.

The five-point consensus did not mention political prisoners, although the chairman's statement said the meeting "heard calls" for their release.

ASEAN leaders had wanted a commitment from Min Aung Hlaing to restrain his security forces, which the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP) says have killed 748 people since a mass civil disobedience movement erupted to challenge his Feb. 1 coup against the elected government of Aung San Suu Kyi.

AAPP, a Myanmar activist group, says over 3,300 are in detention.


"We realized that whatever the outcome from the ASEAN meeting, it will not reflect what people want," said Wai Aung a protest organiser in Yangon. "We will keep up protests and strikes till the military regime completely fails."



Several people took to social media to criticise the deal.

"ASEAN's statement is a slap on the face of the people who have been abused, killed and terrorised by the military," said a Facebook user called Mawchi Tun. "We do not need your help with that mindset and approach."

Aaron Htwe, another Facebook user, wrote: "Who will pay the price for the over 700 innocent lives."

Phil Robertson, deputy Asia director of Human Rights Watch, said it was unfortunate that only the junta chief represented Myanmar at the meeting.

"Not only were the representatives of the Myanmar people not invited to the Jakarta meeting but they also got left out of the consensus that ASEAN is now patting itself on the back for reaching," he said in a statement.


"The lack of a clear timeline for action, and ASEAN's well known weakness in implementing the decisions and plans that it issues, are real concerns that no one should overlook."

The ASEAN gathering was the first coordinated international effort to ease the crisis in Myanmar, an impoverished country that neighbours China, India and Thailand and has been in turmoil since the coup. Besides the protests, deaths and arrests, a nationwide strike has crippled economic activity.

Myanmar's parallel National Unity Government (NUG), comprised of pro-democracy figures, remnants of Suu Kyi's ousted administration and representatives of armed ethnic groups, said it welcomed the consensus reached but added the junta had to be held to its promises.

"We look forward to firm action by ASEAN to follow up its decisions and to restore our democracy," said Dr. Sasa, spokesman for the NUG.


Besides the junta chief, the leaders of Indonesia, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia, Cambodia and Brunei were at the meeting, along with the foreign ministers of Laos, Thailand and the Philippines. The NUG was not invited but spoke privately to some of the participating countries before the meeting.
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP OF BIG PHARMA
GlaxoSmithKline faces dose of strong medicine from US investor

This week’s lacklustre results will strengthen boss Emma Walmsley’s case for reform – but also inspire her critics


Glaxo’s chief executive, Emma Walmsley, left, with Nicola Sturgeon at a company facility in Montrose. Photograph: WPA Pool/Getty Images

Julia Kollewe
Sun 25 Apr 2021

When the American hedge fund Elliott Management took a sizeable stake in GlaxoSmithKline this month, the drugmaker’s shares jumped 5% on speculation of a possible shake-up at the company.

GSK’s chief executive, Emma Walmsley, will face questions over the future of the business, as well as its performance, when she unveils first-quarter results on Wednesday, followed by the annual meeting a week later. Analysts are forecasting a 14% drop in revenues to £7.8bn and a 10% decline in pre-tax profit to £1.7bn in what looks to be the weakest quarter of the year. This reflects tougher year-on-year comparisons (due to stockpiling of many products at the start of the pandemic), as well as rising research and development costs.

Elliott is a prominent activist investor that has successfully campaigned for change at companies such as SoftBank, and is infamous for its 15-year battle with Argentina over government debt payments, but it is unclear what its intentions are this time, as GSK is about to be broken up anyway under a radical revamp thought up by Walmsley.

A sale of the business also looks unlikely, as “the UK government would be highly unlikely to allow a foreign company to take over GSK, and that would really be the only feasible option, given the company’s size,” says Barclays analyst Emily Field. “Elliott may be seeking management change, but thus far it would seem management has the full support of the board.”

Next year, GSK – a household name whose products range from Sensodyne toothpaste and Panadol painkillers to HIV treatments and the Shingrix shingles vaccine – will be split into a consumer healthcare and a pharmaceuticals business. The latter will be created from the HIV, vaccines and pharma divisions.

Analysts say the key part is the creation of a single biopharma business focused on developing new medicines and vaccines from biological and chemical sources, because here GSK’s pipeline lags behind rivals after a series of setbacks in the past year. It is in a similar position to where AstraZeneca was a few years ago, before its chief executive, Pascal Soriot, set about rebuilding its drugs portfolio and made smart research bets, particularly on cancer treatments.

Elliott’s investment piles more pressure on Walmsley to get the revamp right – and to come up with new blockbuster drugs. She is likely to face questions about who will lead the two new businesses after the split. She wants to run the biopharma company, but some investors appear to question her non-scientific background and would reportedly prefer her to head the consumer health business, which she led before her elevation to chief executive.

Some have also clamoured for a flotation of the consumer health business to raise further funds, rather than a spin-off, but plans are far advanced now.

While shareholders are disappointed by the company’s poor share performance – down almost a fifth since Walmsley became chief executive four years ago – there seems to be broad support for the strategy. Some say that she has the right skills, is surrounded by top scientists, and should be given more time to replenish the meagre drug pipeline she inherited.

Meanwhile, AstraZeneca is expected to report a 10% rise in revenues to almost $7bn and a 41% increase in core earnings per share to $1.48 on Friday, with strong sales of cancer drugs Tagrisso, Imfinzi and Lynparza, and the diabetes treatment Farxiga. Even so, the shares are down 7% over the past year, as the firm’s £28bn acquisition of the rare-diseases specialist Alexion in December met some scepticism.

AstraZeneca has been in the public eye for its Covid vaccine and, although the jab is priced on a not-for-profit basis and is easy to store, the company has not been universally lauded, having faced criticism over the vaccine’s efficacy, supply shortages, and a potential link with blood clots in rare cases. John Bell, the Oxford University professor who helped drive the vaccine’s development, has suggested that morale within AstraZeneca is falling and that the firm could rethink its philanthropic stance. But, once the dust has settled, “they will look at it with pride,” says Andrew Meade, a life sciences analyst at Accenture. “It will ultimately be a success story.”

UK THE LAW IS AN ASS
Law firm takes up case of nurse fined £10,000 for 1% pay protest

Karen Reissmann, a frontline worker throughout the pandemic, was given the fixed penalty by Greater Manchester police

Greater Manchester police officers speak to NHS nurse Karen Reissmann after breaking up a protest in the city against the proposed 1% pay rise for NHS workers. Photograph: Jacob King/PA


Mark Townsend
@townsendmark
Sat 24 Apr 2021

One of the UK’s biggest police forces is refusing to back down after being accused of wrongly issuing a £10,000 fine to a nurse who was protesting over the government’s 1% pay rise for NHS workers, reigniting concern over new powers to inhibit protest.

Karen Reissmann, 61, who has worked as a frontline nurse throughout the pandemic, was handed the fine in March despite offering a risk assessment of her protest to Greater Manchester police (GMP) and ensuring it was Covid-safe. On 1 April, London law firm Bindmans, acting on Reissmann’s behalf, wrote to GMP saying that the way the force had interpreted the law was wrong, that the protest should have been allowed to proceed, and that it should also withdraw the fine.

However, in a written response, dated a week later, GMP’s lead for public order, assistant chief constable Nick Bailey, explained that the force’s lawyers had reviewed the £10,000 fine and were “satisfied that the issue was proportionate, legal, accountable and necessary in the circumstances”.

Bailey added: “We now feel that this is a matter for the CPS [Crown Prosecution Service] and await its consideration around any subsequent prosecution if the fixed penalty notice is not paid.”

Reissmann, a nurse for 39 years, said: “Somebody calculated that if I used my 1% pay rise, it would take me 56 years to pay the fine off.

“I just really don’t understand why they are pursuing me after all that has happened. Why are they doing this? It’s very odd for the police not to have realised their position.”

The force’s determination to prosecute comes against the backdrop of the government’s police, crime, sentencing and courts bill, which will leave police to use their own discretion, and potentially criminalise protests.

Legal documents show that Reissmann, who has seen her caseload surge because of anxiety induced by the pandemic, was the first among her colleagues to suggest the “necessity for the wearing of face masks by staff and patients when they had not yet been made compulsory”.

Reissmann organised the protest on 7 March after the government’s decision to recommend a 1% pay rise – a move Labour predicted could help to make new nurses £300 worse off. About 40 people attended her rally in St Peter’s Square, Manchester, after she requested a limit of protesters to guarantee social distancing.

Reissmann believes the force’s desire to prosecute was meant to intimidate other nurses from organising protests.

“It’s so punitive, clearly designed to stop others. I know people who stepped back from protesting because they were afraid of the £10,000 fine,” she said.

Reissmann’s lawyer, Jules Carey, said: “Police forces have consistently relied on the Covid regulations as a pretext to ban protest. This is not just a dangerous encroachment on the rights of citizens but it risks muting important voices that would help government avoid costly mistakes. It is both an error in law and common sense not to listen carefully to people on the streets protesting at this time and perhaps especially those like Karen on the frontline of the pandemic.”

With GMP’s stance apparently not changing, last Thursday Bindmans notified the force of its intention to challenge its “unlawful” decision, stating it had not offered an explanation for why it considered its decision necessary or proportionate.

It also points to an email, dated 22 March and written by Bailey, which states: “Consciously, the legislation during both the recent lockdowns did not allow for protests to be exempt, effectively making protests of more than one person unlawful within the period of the lockdown.”

Bindmans again says this is an incorrect interpretation, arguing there was no blanket ban on protest, a view supported by a recent high court judgment over gatherings connected to the killing of Sarah Everard that deemed protest is not prohibited under Covid regulations.

If the government cares about freedom of expression, why is it passing the police and crime bill?
Kirsty Brimelow

“The decision-making by GMP to not permit Reissmann’s protest, and to use criminal justice enforcement against her, was premised on the incorrect view that because there is no express exemption for protest in the [Covid] regulations, protests are therefore prohibited.

“The GMP applied a blanket policy that all protest was unlawful under the regulations. This approach was wrong in law and contrary to authority,” the letter states.

The force has been given until 3 May to respond, otherwise it will face a judicial review of its decision.

A crowdfunding campaign has been set up to pay the police force’s legal costs should Reissmann lose the challenge. If she wins, the nurse will send the money to help others fight similar cases where the police are accused of overstepping the mark.

GMP has been contacted for comment.


Going vegan: can switching to a plant-based diet really save the planet?

If politicians are serious about change, they need to incentivise it, say scientists and writers

Research in 2018 showed that without meat and dairy consumption, global farmland use could be reduced by more than 75% – an area equivalent to the US, China, the EU and Australia combined – and still feed the world. Photograph: DBPITT/Getty Images/iStockphoto


Sarah Marsh
@sloumarsh
Sun 25 Apr 2021 


The UK business secretary, Kwasi Kwarteng, is considering a “full vegan diet” to help tackle climate change, saying people will need to make lifestyle changes if the government is to meet its new emissions target of a 78% reduction on 1990 levels by 2035.

But how much difference would it make if everyone turned to a plant-based diet? Experts say that changing the way we eat is necessary for the future of the planet but that government policy is needed alongside this. If politicians are serious about wanting diet changes, they also need to incentivise it, scientists and writers add.

The literature on the impact of going vegan varies. Some studies show that choosing vegetarian options would only reduce greenhouse gas emissions per person by 3%. Others show a reduction in emissions per person of 20-30%.



“Probably the most important thing to point out is that emissions are often viewed as the only metric of sustainability: they are not. Impacts of farming systems on carbon sequestration, soil acidification, water quality, and broader ecosystem services also need to be well considered,” said Matthew Harrison, systems modelling team leader at the Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture.

“There is also a need to account for farming systems that may replace livestock,” he said.

The writer and environmental campaigner George Monbiot says the numbers on the impact of going vegan are different because of what scientists measure. “There are two completely different ways look at the carbon impact of diet: one is carbon released by producing this or that food – that is ‘carbon current account’. But another one is ‘carbon capital account’, which is the carbon opportunity cost of producing this food rather than another one,” he said.

“If you are producing meat, for example, what might land be used for if you took meat away? If you are growing forests there instead or peat bog there.”

Monbiot says what we eat is a “huge issue”, alongside changing our transport habits. “Most of what you can do at an individual level is weak by comparison to what governments need to do … but changing diet does not. That has a major impact,” he said.

“It is easier done if the government acts to change the food system but in the absence of that, we should still try and change our diets.”

In 2018, scientists behind the most comprehensive analysis to date of the damage of farming to the planet found avoiding meat and dairy products was the single biggest way to reduce your environmental impact on the planet. The research show0ed that without meat and dairy consumption, global farmland use could be reduced by more than 75% – an area equivalent to the US, China, European Union and Australia combined – and still feed the world.

“There are lots of different sectors that have an impact on emissions and the food system is surely one of the most important ones as it is globally responsible for about a third of all greenhouse gas emissions,” said Dr Marco Springmann, senior researcher on environmental sustainability and public health at the University of Oxford.

He added that the overwhelming majority of emissions were due to foods such as beef and dairy, which “means that without changing emissions associated with those products it is hard to make progress”. He said that there are no good technical solutions for the fact that “cows emit methane emissions”.

“You can change feed composition but that does not change the animal and the need to feed the animal a lot of feed product,” he said. He believes the government needs to offer price incentives for sustainable products, making beef and dairy more expensive.

Frank Mitloehner, professor and air quality extension specialist at the University of California and Davis, said the onus on the individual was a distraction from policy changes that are needed. He said literature suggests “going vegan for two years has the same saving impact as one flight Europe to the US would generate.”

“If we really want to make a difference in carbon emissions we need to change policy. We need to have a cost for carbon that is appropriate. We need to incentivise those who can reduce greenhouse gas emissions to do so,” he said.

He believes the most important individual choice someone can make is to “go and vote … That is number one.”

Martin Heller, a research specialist at the University of Michigan, said: “There are no silver bullets for climate change. Nothing in isolation will be ‘enough’.”

He added that studies showed that even with gracious assumptions in improvements in agricultural production, feeding an anticipated population at anticipated growing demand for animal-based foods by 2050 would occupy “all of the allowable emissions if we are to stay below a 2C temperature rise”.

“We have to change the way we eat,” he said. “That certainly isn’t saying that diet change – or even becoming vegan – will ‘save the planet’. It’s more of a necessary but not sufficient kind of thing.” He added that “these diet shifts need to come with government, corporate and every other kind of action”.

“It’s also probably naive to assume that people will just change these behaviours because it’s good for the planet. It will require directed policy, changes in the restaurant and foodservice industries,” he said.