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Showing posts sorted by relevance for query CALGARY SCHOOL. Sort by date Show all posts

Monday, January 16, 2006

Calgary Ponzi Scheme

Welcome to the wild wild west of booming Alberta. Here is an interesting ponzi scheme conducted by a couple in Calgary. Always Calgary of course, cause that's where the corporate headquarters for Big Oil is. And where the middle class dominate with their Party of Calgary (PC) that rules the province under King Ralph.

This is a story of how the Calgary Board of Education opposed the Alberta government over their underfunding of public education and had the government close their board down in an unprecidented political attack on democracy.

Sharon Hester was a nice middle of the road CBE Public Trustee who survived that anti-democratic debacle and was re-elected. Until it was discovered that she and her husband were also profiting off the new market in public education set up by the Alberta government.

With market driven education now fully embraced by the CBE this is a story of how one trustee and her husband tried to profit off all of this. Amidst all the chaos of introducing the Free Market into education, they decided to engage in a bit of classic free marketing of their own.

One has to ask why it took the organized crime/fraud squad three years to lay charges. And one has to ask why this ponzi scheme was allowed to bilk people for so long. It's an apocryphal story of Alberta Greed.




Former trustee charged in scam

Alleged scheme raised $1.36M

Former school trustee Sharon Hester faces a charge of using the proceeds of crime.
Photograph by : Calgary Herald Archive

Sherri Zickefoose, Calgary Herald

Published: Friday, January 13, 2006

Police have laid 40 charges of fraud against a 65-year-old Calgarian alleged to be at the centre of a $1.36-million Ponzi scheme following a two-and-half-year investigation.

Jim Hester is accused of operating an alleged investment scam that ran for years and brought in millions of dollars under the name Team Education Inc.

From Sept. 26, 2003: School trustee Hester resigns


Team Education controversy rolls into Stettler
Calgary-based company currently under investigation by commercial crime
TOM MacDOUGALL
Independent Editor
September 24, 2003
The fog settling over a Calgary-based company that raised funds for educational purposes now extends to Stettler.
Jean Schell joins a growing list of investors in Team Education who say the company, operated by Jim Hester, hasn’t come through on the promised interest payments on their investments.
Hester’s business has been facing increasing scrutiny over the past few weeks, scrutiny which only heightened last week when his wife, Sharon, temporarily stepped down from her position as trustee on the Calgary Board of Education. She cited the controversy as part of her reasoning for her absence.
Team Education promotional material commits to use funds raised from investors to assist high needs children pay for food, clothing, school fees, sports equipment and the like.
Schell got involved with Team Education in February 2002, on the advice of her financial agent, Primerica representative Tamara Traub. The investment seemed to be a good way to save for the future, promising a rate of return of seven per cent per month.
As security, Schell was provided with a post-dated cheque for her principal and another for her interest.
“It was good on paper,” said Schell.
Believing it a sound investment, Schell re-invested her principal and interest at the end of the first term. She didn’t think anything more of it until her daughter, Tammy Duncan — also a Team Education investor — tried to cash her own cheque in February of this year. It bounced.
Schell started to get concerned about her money, with a term set to mature in May, and called Hester. She says he told her to hold off cashing her cheques and promised to send out new ones. He did, but when Schell tried to cash one of the new ones, it bounced too.
Duncan, who says she has been trying to get her money back since that first cheque bounced, hasn’t had any more luck than her mother.
“He always promised to give me money,” said Duncan. “But he never has.”
Peter Boys, a Stettler financial agent, is helping Schell file a formal complaint with the Alberta Securities Commission.
“From what I see, this was probably a fairly legitimate investment at one time, but somewhere along the line it just derailed,” said Boys. “You can’t support seven per cent a month with any kind of investment.”
Both Boys and Schell hope other Stettler residents with their money tied up in Team Education will come forward to divulge their experiences, and lodge a complaint.

The 1998 Calgary Awards were handed out to 18 citizens and
organizations today for their outstanding commitment to our
community.
Recipients of Community Achievement Awards Jim Hester
(Community Service),

January 30, 2003

Is this legal? Supposedly they want you to loan money so they can do charitable fundraising for schools, not keep a cent, give all the profits to schools but still give you a minimum of 15% per annum return on your loan? They provide a legitimate volunteer community reference,Jim Hester, in the Calgary (Canada) Community (1,2). Yet he's no where to be found on the contact pages. He's mentioned in Better Business Bureau entry which surprisingly lists the company as a "FOR PROFIT" organization. It all just seems so strange. Does this trick investors into feeling they are investing for charity? Why does the website call themselves "Team Capital" while they advertise the volunteer efforts of "Team Education"? Why don't they list any of the schools they have helped or the projects they were involved with? Is this legitimate or a scam?
posted by abez at 8:13 PM PST - 7 comments



Having learnt the valuable lesson that it is better to go along with the Klein Reich than oppose it the CBE has become the very model of P3 education in Alberta, which is descibed below in the article by Andrew Nikiforuk. But here are a couple of examples of public money going to pay for private profit;

MetaBlog of Bloggers » Blog Archive » Calgary Board of Education ...
Calgary Board of Education contracts TELUS Sourcing Solutions to provide human resource management. The Calgary Board of Education has signed a 10-year approximately $65 million.



In all this political manuvering based upon the Alberta government adopting a Republican education program, the CBE has been the favorite strawdog of the rightwing in Calgary including of course the Reform/Alliance/Conservatives and their backers in the NCC which is headquartered in Calgary. The CBE was forced to adapt to their demands as more and more students dropped out and went to Charter and Private schools. With voucher funding in Alberta, the money follows the student, the CBE faced a continuing crisis of what to do about closing schools, due to reduced enrollment. Schools that the right wing wanted to use for Charter Schools.

CALGARY EDUCATION CRISIS 1999


FFWD Weekly - December 2nd, 1999

Voters choose new school trustees

Calgary voters elected six rookie trustees and one incumbent Monday, and showed strong support for increased government spending on education.


Danielle Smith :: daniellesmith.ca

Calgary Herald
Tuesday, November 30, 1999

Board must act to stop exodus

Characterizing the educational divide in school board politics as a partisan split or a battle between conservatives and liberals is a messy shorthand.

While it's true that many tenured trustees go on to seek higher office, it is seldom partisan politics that determines their ideological positions while a member of the local school board.

If the division between political parties was a crevice, the educational divide would be the Grand Canyon.

Public education is littered with educational fads that have demonstrated little in the way of enhanced student achievement. Whether it be integrated classrooms, multi-aging, whole language, or no-fail policies, the system has created numerous education casualties. Graduates become the walking wounded, ill-prepared to face the rigours of post-secondary studies or enter the workforce with superior competence.

It's the predictable outcome of a system that coddles kids in elementary school, warehouses them in junior high, then plays catch-up in high school in a belated attempt to make up for lost time.

The past experience of those who sought educational reform in other jurisdictions and failed -- failed miserably, too -- is a sorry history lesson that we are about to witness in Calgary. Particularly after Monday night's election.

For the past five years trustees, the administration and the teachers' union have been in lock step arguing that chronic under-funding is what ails the CBE. The pitch heightened in recent years with the claims that the system was on the brink of financial collapse.

What the education establishment didn't count on was parents taking it at its word -- and taking their kids promptly out of public schools.

In the past this was no big deal. When fed-up parents pulled their kids to put them in private schools, their tax dollars continued to go to the public board. The CBE didn't complain about any loss of enrolment. It got to keep the money, but didn't have to educate the children.

All that changed in 1994 when funding began to follow the student. Innovations such as charter and home schooling and partially-funded private schooling gave parents educational options they never had. Students left the system by the thousands and took their basis student grants with them.

It's no wonder school boards have been whipping up public sentiment to return things to the way they were. The CBE monopoly is in its death throes, collapsing under the weight of its inability to compete with more traditional approaches to education. Rather than change, the education establishment has gone into denial. No one has even followed up with parents to find out why they left or what would bring them back.

And yet the solution to the CBE's funding woes lies in attracting more students.

However, it's not that simple.

The board needs to build new schools where the kids are. In the 1960s a ring of schools were built in the established communities outside the inner-city ring. The Baby Boom resulted in a building boom and 30 years later, with average family size a fraction of what it once was, school populations have dwindled. To get money to build new schools the board has to shut down some of the old ones, not an easy task.



TRUSTEE SLAMS CHARTER SCHOOL'S SPECIAL TREATMENT

Allowing ABC Charter School to only have to report to the minister of education means public funds are being used to support an independent school, a public school trustee has warned. "This is the use of public funds for an independent purpose, not a community purpose," trustee Jennifer Pollock said Tuesday. "Public accountability isn't in the (charter school) legislation. . . I'm disappointed they're not wanting to be publicly involved with the greater community."

Pollock made the comments after the ABC school made its final report to the Calgary Board of Education before coming under the direct control of Education Minister Gary Mar.

Principal Jo-Anne Koch said the Grades 1 to 3 school for gifted children will still have to answer to educational criteria when it reports to the minister. Although its program is designed for gifted students, the school will accept any who wish to challenge that program, Koch said. The only reason for turning away children has been lack of sufficient space, she added.

--From The Calgary Herald, June 10, 1998


Mar announces team to review Calgary Board of Education

LEARNING MINISTER FIRES THE CALGARY BOARD OF EDUCATION
LEARNING MINISTER FIRES THE CALGARY BOARD OF EDUCATION. OVER 7-IN-10 CALGARIANS SIDE WITH LEARNING MINISTER LYLE OBERG'S DECISION


Presentation to ACL by Fred Latreille , CUPE Local 40
In the 1992-93 Calgary Board of Education budget, a total of sixty-five caretaker
... Calgary Board of Education was not chosen to be among the Boards ...

School of Hard Knocks
As the Calgary Board of Education prepares to issue its annual school closure list next month, a dedicated group of parents is fighting to save inner-city schools, and to ask for a urban renewal and a 10-year plan.
By ANDREW NIKIFORUK

School’s Out Forever

School closures are ferociously contested, often to no avail. Now, a group of concerned parents is asking some simple questions—what’s wrong with small schools, and why can’t public schools have multi-uses? Parent lobbying has resulted in two changes: Next month, public school trustees might not issue the usual school closure list, and they must provide the province with a 10-year plan




By ANDREW NIKIFORUK

Inflexible provincial funding formulas also play a role in this game. Alberta’s centralized calculation stipulates that boards will get no funding for new schools unless the existing ones are 85 per cent full. In most cases, sharing space with community groups or daycare does not affect this calculation. In other words, if that remarkable community asset known as a school isn’t full of CBE kids, it is not full.

This rigid thinking has a history at the CBE. In 1978, the board proposed closing 31 schools in order to save $1 million. It argued then that “the continuous shift in the student population from the older more established areas to the new subdivisions” was thinning out schools in the city centre and crowding those in the suburbs.

The proposal met with overwhelming resistance from citizens and even editorial writers. “The board really underestimated how people saw schools as critical to their community,” notes former Calgary city planner Frank Palermo, now a professor at Dalhousie University. “We actually managed to get rid of the idea, but it keeps on resurfacing.” The problem, then as now, is that school boards and city planners don’t talk. “There is not much co-operation or communication between the two,” Palermo says. “The system just doesn’t work that way.” The uproar taught the CBE that the best way to kill schools was one at a time. Since then, the board has closed nearly 30 schools—13 in the last 10 years.

But while the board was closing doors, the province was making things more difficult for the CBE by opening up the school marketplace by granting money to private and charter schools. Parents alienated by public school closures had a choice, and the CBE started to lose students in the mid 1990s. According to civic census data, between 1990 and 2002 the percentage of public school supporters fell from 75 per cent to 61 per cent, while private school supporters climbed from three to 14 per cent.

Ken Low, a former CBE consultant, estimates that approximately half the schools closed by the board became private or charter schools because “the best use for a school is still a school.” In other words, the board’s determination to close schools has become “a willful act of self-destruction,” adds Low. Much to the surprise of the ICSC, the CBE actually understood all these facts. After careful analysis of its problems in 1999, the board even adopted a new process to govern the building and closing of schools.

Low was hired to develop that new deal. His solution, called Learning Environmental Action Plan (LEAP), emphasized shared decision-making among parents, community and the board. LEAP also included options to school closure, including using the school for an alternative program, or sharing space with seniors or the health authority. It was pretty visionary stuff, and in the first year of LEAP one community, Acadia, voluntarily agreed to close two schools. Such a thing had never happened in Canada before.

But in the spring of 2001 the CBE undermined the whole process by recommending the closure of 19 schools or seven more than agreed to by local communities in the LEAP process. As a result, the trustees fired Superintendent Donna Michaels, while trustee Jane Cawthorne resigned in disgust at the board’s open contempt for democracy. Next, LEAP consultants got the axe. Trustees then silently “disengaged” LEAP and purged the system of all reports on the million-dollar reform effort.



Tuesday, December 17, 2019

Federal funding shortfall leaves school with 99% Indigenous population facing possible closure
School is mostly made up of students from Stoney Nakoda First Nation Exshaw School is a kindergarten to Grade 8 school located in the hamlet of Exshaw, west of Calgary. Of the approximately 200 students who attend Exshaw School, only two are not Indigenous.

Exshaw School is located west of Calgary, and serves approximately 200 students, most of them Indigenous. (Brian Burnett/CBC)

A school with a student population that is 99 per cent Indigenous may be forced to close its doors due to a budget shortfall, school officials said Sunday.
Exshaw School is a kindergarten to Grade 8 school located in the hamlet of Exshaw, west of Calgary. Of the approximately 200 students who attend Exshaw School, only two are not Indigenous.
The school has been funded by federal dollars since 1973. Under the current agreement, the Canadian Rockies Public Schools authority educates Stoney Nakota First Nation children outside of that community based on requests from parents.
Michelle Wesley said she decided to move her girls to Exshaw School after they had faced bullying at a previous school.
"The Exshaw staff and teachers have been absolutely wonderful and supportive and helped my girls catch up to their grade level criteria and there has been no complaints from my girls about any type of bullying," Wesley said in an email. "If I have any concerns the teachers and staff make sure it's dealt [with] as soon as possible."
But in late August, CRPS received word from the federal government the agreement would be terminated and a new agreement would need to be negotiated with the Stoney Education Authority and the government.

$1.6M shortfall

"All of this is fine, but in the interim we received an email of possible funding levels that we would receive," said Christopher MacPhee, superintendent with Canadian Rockies Public Schools. "And it was significantly different from the total operation of a school facility, as opposed to just funding per student."
According to MacPhee, calculating numbers based on students from last year left an approximately $1.6-million shortfall in the school's upcoming budget.
That cut funding would mean closing or re-purposing the school, MacPhee said.
"Either way, that means that we would not be able to provide services for our federally-funded students who are with us, which we would loathe to do," he said. "The results we're getting with those students has been fantastic to date."

Staff found this piece of graffiti inside a washroom at Exshaw School, located west of Calgary. (Submitted)
Exshaw School is currently seeing attendance rates around 86 per cent, MacPhee said.
"That's very high. And I've worked in a number of Indigenous schools across this country," he said. "I think the rates are high due to the resources we are able to put into place that the federal government has granted in the agreement that was in place for some amount of years."

One-year extension

According to MacPhee, communication with the federal government has been difficult — but after months of trying to secure a meeting, the school division was offered a one-year extension to keep the school open.
"Just recently, we've got a communication that they have permission to extend the agreement for one more year. While on the face of it it sounds wonderful, but it absolutely isn't," he said. "I have a large number of staff who are, for lack of better words, in turmoil at this point because they're wondering if they're going to have a career."
MacPhee said the school division told Indigenous Services the offer was "not optimal" due to the added pressure and stress it would cause on the system.
"We said, it's November, and we haven't even had a sit down at a table to negotiate. But you gave us the letter at the end of August," he said. "Why, with six months left in the school year, are we not sitting down, in January, and getting to an agreement that best supports these children and utilize the funding levels that they've done in other parts of the province?"
In a statement provided to CBC the day after this article was published, a spokesperson for Indigenous Services Canada said the $1.6-million shortfall was inaccurate, and that the only change at this point is in administration. 
The spokesperson said through the transition, the department has worked in partnership with CRSD and the Stoney Education Authority to obtain clarity on the true costs of education services and support at Exshaw School.
"Indigenous Services Canada continues to work in partnership with the Stoney First Nation Education Authority and the School District to ensure the best possible outcomes for these students," the statement reads.
MacPhee said the department was "playing with words." 
"They are correct. There is no funding shortfall now, but the future funding numbers they gave us would result in a funding shortfall of approximately $1.6 million," MacPhee wrote in an email.
MacPhee said CRPS has provided three potential dates for meetings with the federal government.
"For me, it's disappointing that the [government], which made Truth and Reconciliation a mandate … that their actions are not matching their words, especially when it comes to a situation like this," MacPhee said. "If you're going to talk the talk, then walk it."

Concern from parents

While Exshaw School's future remains uncertain, some parents say those being most affected are the kids — who Isabella Goodstoney, a parent and educational assistant, said "are not being heard."
"I feel like that these kids need to have a voice. This is their future," she said. 
Upon hearing Exshaw's future was uncertain, Goodstoney wrote a letter regarding her concern for her daughter's future.
"That's why I chose to transfer my child to Exshaw School from Nakota Elementary School as I know the experience and educational value Exshaw School provides," the letter reads. "I know this as a fact because I've attended both schools as a child myself, and have had the opportunity to work at both schools as an adult.
"What will happen if we take this away from them? Are we setting them up for failure? I want my child to grow, learning that her education is the key to success."

                                                              ---30---

Thursday, June 25, 2020

Petition calls for CALGARY BOARD OF EDUCATION to establish school-focused racism task force
© Terri Trembath/CBC Thousands gathered in Calgary's Olympic Plaza earlier this month for a candlelight vigil in honour of victims of racism and police brutality.

A high school teacher and a not-for-profit focused on multiculturalism and race relations are behind a petition to have the Calgary Board of Education establish a task force to root out systemic racism in the school system.

The petition is asking the CBE to have a task force collect data based on race, gender, socio-economic status and other historic barriers to success in the classroom.

The data would then be used to identify and address any problematic policies and practices that have never been questioned or even noticed before and look at ways to revamp the system and improve equality.


It might involve training and education for staff, including a locally developed anti-racism course.

"It's not just about the CBE," said Courtney Walcott, a high school teacher in Calgary.

"If I was working for the Calgary Catholic School Board, the Palliser Regional Schools, Rocky View Schools or even the City of Calgary, every institution really needs to take a look at themselves and do this work," said Walcott.

Walcott says that after the killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis and the global Black Lives Matter protest movement that followed, it's now the perfect time to seek change. He says the school system has long perpetuated problematic ideologies from the past that have no place in today's society.

"I felt helpless and now I don't," said Walcott.

Walcott says everything from a Eurocentric curriculum to policy and unconscious bias needs to be looked at.

He says as well as overt racism there are long standing norms and traditions that now need closer inspection, as well as a focus on improving the representation of minorities in the school system, in both teaching and administration positions.

"I had no idea how to have my voice heard or who to speak to, so I built this proposal and started seeking out allies," said Walcott. "We're still hearing these stories of kids saying they're not represented."

"No matter what comes of this, the more names that show up on the petition, the more the people that have the power to change things can see people do want that. And sometimes silence is just a function of not knowing where to yell," he said.

"In Calgary you're starting to see these small pockets of protest pop up, and I'm just hoping whatever comes of this is concrete solutions," said Walcott.

The Canadian Cultural Mosaic Foundation, which is partnering with Walcott, says it's targeting school boards directly after being ignored by the provincial government. The petition already has nearly 4,000 signatures.

The foundation released a study in 2019 highlighting racism as a concern to Albertan teachers. It also gathered more than 72,000 signatures for a petition for the City of Calgary to create a similar task force.

"It was hoped our research results would raise awareness about the magnitude of the issues discussed," said Iman Bukhari, CEO of the foundation, speaking about the 2019 study.

"And that further steps would be taken in order to address racism among school-aged children, however, we see nothing was done provincially or locally," she said.

Bukhari says she hopes going straight to school boards and bypassing a province that she says simply doesn't care about the issue might be more successful.

The Change.org petition can be found on the Canadian Cultural Mosaic Foundation website.

Monday, December 16, 2019

Calgary

Federal funding shortfall leaves school with 99% Indigenous population facing possible closure

School is mostly made up of students from Stoney Nakoda First Nation


Exshaw School is located west of Calgary, and serves approximately 200 students, most of them Indigenous. (Brian Burnett/CBC)


A school with a student population that is 99 per cent Indigenous may be forced to close its doors due to a budget shortfall, school officials said Sunday.
Exshaw School is a kindergarten to Grade 8 school located in the hamlet of Exshaw, west of Calgary. Of the approximately 200 students who attend Exshaw School, only two are not Indigenous.
The school has been funded by federal dollars since 1973. Under the current agreement, the Canadian Rockies Public Schools authority educates Stoney Nakota First Nation children outside of that community based on requests from parents.
Michelle Wesley said she decided to move her girls to Exshaw School after they had faced bullying at a previous school.
"The Exshaw staff and teachers have been absolutely wonderful and supportive and helped my girls catch up to their grade level criteria and there has been no complaints from my girls about any type of bullying," Wesley said in an email. "If I have any concerns the teachers and staff make sure it's dealt [with] as soon as possible."
But in late August, CRPS received word from the federal government the agreement would be terminated and a new agreement would need to be negotiated with the Stoney Education Authority and the government.

$1.6M shortfall

"All of this is fine, but in the interim we received an email of possible funding levels that we would receive," said Christopher MacPhee, superintendent with Canadian Rockies Public Schools. "And it was significantly different from the total operation of a school facility, as opposed to just funding per student."
According to MacPhee, calculating numbers based on students from last year left an approximately $1.6-million shortfall in the school's upcoming budget.
That cut funding would mean closing or re-purposing the school, MacPhee said.
"Either way, that means that we would not be able to provide services for our federally-funded students who are with us, which we would loathe to do," he said. "The results we're getting with those students has been fantastic to date."

Staff found this piece of graffiti inside a washroom at Exshaw School, located west of Calgary. (Submitted)
Exshaw School is currently seeing attendance rates around 86 per cent, MacPhee said.
"That's very high. And I've worked in a number of Indigenous schools across this country," he said. "I think the rates are high due to the resources we are able to put into place that the federal government has granted in the agreement that was in place for some amount of years."

One-year extension

According to MacPhee, communication with the federal government has been difficult — but after months of trying to secure a meeting, the school division was offered a one-year extension to keep the school open.
"Just recently, we've got a communication that they have permission to extend the agreement for one more year. While on the face of it it sounds wonderful, but it absolutely isn't," he said. "I have a large number of staff who are, for lack of better words, in turmoil at this point because they're wondering if they're going to have a career."
MacPhee said the school division told Indigenous Services the offer was "not optimal" due to the added pressure and stress it would cause on the system.
"We said, it's November, and we haven't even had a sit down at a table to negotiate. But you gave us the letter at the end of August," he said. "Why, with six months left in the school year, are we not sitting down, in January, and getting to an agreement that best supports these children and utilize the funding levels that they've done in other parts of the province?"
The Indigenous Services ministry was not able to provide a statement as of press time.
MacPhee said CRPS has provided three potential dates for meetings with the federal government.
"For me, it's disappointing that the [government], which made Truth and Reconciliation a mandate … that their actions are not matching their words, especially when it comes to a situation like this," MacPhee said. "If you're going to talk the talk, then walk it."

Concern from parents

While Exshaw School's future remains uncertain, some parents say those being most affected are the kids — who Isabella Goodstoney, a parent and educational assistant, said "are not being heard."
"I feel like that these kids need to have a voice. This is their future," she said. 
Upon hearing Exshaw's future was uncertain, Goodstoney wrote a letter regarding her concern for her daughter's future.
"That's why I chose to transfer my child to Exshaw School from Nakota Elementary School as I know the experience and educational value Exshaw School provides," the letter reads. "I know this as a fact because I've attended both schools as a child myself, and have had the opportunity to work at both schools as an adult.
"What will happen if we take this away from them? Are we setting them up for failure? I want my child to grow, learning that her education is the key to success."

Thursday, September 09, 2021


Calgary to recognize National Day for Truth and Reconciliation when province won't

'It’s an opportunity for us to understand, grow and to build bridges with Indigenous people'

Author of the article:Brittany Gervais
Publishing date:Sep 08, 2021 •

Members of the Bear Clan sing and drum at the Calgary City Hall memorial for children who did not return home from residential schools on Thursday August 26, 2021. The City is looking at creating a permanent memorial site
PHOTO BY GAVIN YOUNG/POSTMEDIA

The City of Calgary is marking Sept. 30 as the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation by making it a permanent statutory holiday for all city employees, despite the province’s refusal to do the same.


The federal government recently passed legislation to make Sept. 30 a federal stat holiday, giving Canadians an opportunity to recognize the brutal hardships endured by Indigenous people in the residential school system and honour Indigenous legacies.

The decision in Calgary was made after the city held conversations with community members and the city’s Indigenous Relations Office, according to a news release.

“We believe this decision is consistent with the spirit of reconciliation and aligns with actions outlined in our White Goose Flying Report,” said city manager David Duckworth.

“This National Day for Truth and Reconciliation is incredibly important to reflect on a relevant issue in our society . . . It’s an opportunity for us to understand, grow and to build bridges with Indigenous people.”

The 2016 White Goose Flying Report is named after Jack White Goose Flying, a 17-year-old from the Piikani Nation who died at a Calgary residential school.

The report looked at the 94 calls to action from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission and how those could be addressed by the City of Calgary.

MORE ON THIS TOPIC

First Nations furious over province's refusal to declare holiday recognizing residential school tragedies


Indigenous people in Calgary on the need for truth as city moves on long-term memorial plans


In the news release, Duckworth said the city will encourage staff to take the day to learn more about Canada’s assimilation policies, including residential schools, and the resulting intergenerational trauma caused to Indigenous people.

Recognizing Sept. 30 as a time to reflect and learn about Indigenous issues aligns with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s call for all levels of government to provide education to public servants on the history of Indigenous peoples.

This includes “the history and legacy of residential schools, the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Treaties and Aboriginal rights, Indigenous law, and Aboriginal-Crown relations.”

City operations and services will be on a reduced schedule to recognize the day. A list of events to commemorate the holiday will be made available on the city’s website closer to Sept. 30, according to the city.


Province refuses to recognize holiday


Meanwhile, the province faces criticism for refusing to recognize the national holiday.

In the legislation, the federal government left it up to provinces and territories to decide whether to recognize the date as a holiday. The UCP government elected to leave it to employers in provincially regulated industries to decide whether to give their staff that day off work.


Canada’s residential school system tore more than 150,000 Indigenous children away from their families and subjected them to physical, mental and sexual abuse, poor living conditions and cultural genocide for decades. In the past year, more than a thousand unmarked graves of children have been uncovered at former school sites.

With 25 locations, Alberta had the highest number of residential schools of any province in Canada. The last residential school in Canada closed in 1996.

Adrienne South, press secretary for the ministry of Indigenous Relations, previously told Postmedia the government encourages all Albertans to reflect on the legacy of residential schools, but called the decision to make the day a holiday the responsibility of individual employers.

She said the province on that day will also lower flags to half-mast “to honour lives lost at residential schools, and commemoration ceremonies will take place.”

The Assembly of First Nations Alberta Association has accused the UCP government of giving short shrift to reconciliation by not declaring a statutory holiday.

In a statement, regional Chief Marlene Poitras said the province’s refusal “flies in the face of reconciliation with First Nations and shows a disdain and lack of care or respect for Alberta’s Indigenous population.”

Institutions in Calgary recognizing the national holiday include the Calgary Catholic School District, the Calgary Board of Education and the University of Calgary.

— With files from Bill Kaufmann

JUST LIKE ALBERTA
National Day for Truth and Reconciliation will not be provincial holiday in Ontario

By Ryan Rocca Global News
Posted September 8, 2021 

A trio of B.C. First Nations and the Archdiocese of Vancouver are launching an investigation into the former St. Paul's residential school site. Aug 10, 2021


The National Day for Truth and Reconciliation will not be considered a provincial statutory holiday this year, an Ontario government spokesperson says.

Curtis Lindsay, press secretary for Indigenous Affairs Minister Greg Rickford, confirmed the decision in an email to Global News.

“Ontario is working in collaboration with Indigenous partners, survivors and affected families to ensure the respectful commemoration of this day within the province, similar to Remembrance Day,” Lindsay said.

READ MORE: New Brunswick won’t have Truth and Reconciliation holiday on Sept. 30: premier

“While the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation is not a provincial public holiday this year, employers and employees may agree to treat this day as such, and some may be required to do so if it has been negotiated into collective agreements or employment contracts.”

The House of Commons unanimously supported legislation in June giving the Sept. 30 statutory holiday to all federal employees and workers in federally regulated workplaces.

It is meant to serve as a day of reflection so that people can recognize the harmful legacy of the residential school system in Canada.

Some provinces and territories, including British Columbia, Manitoba, Nova Scotia, and the Northwest Territories are observing the federal holiday, while many others are not making it a stat.

— with files from The Canadian Press


Sunday, April 15, 2007

Leo Strauss and the Calgary School

Critics of the neo-conservative movement in the U.S. White House have identified the philosopher Leo Strauss as their mentor . Strauss however has his most ardent followers in the neo-conservative movement not in the U.S. but in Canada. The real Straussian School is at the University of Calgary.

They are political advisor's to the Alberta Government and to the Federal Harper Conservative Government. Both governments which practice a Straussian politics of secrecy and elitism combined with a Schmitt authoritarianism of the strong man as leader. They are known as the Calgary School of right wingers who teach political science, and military history etc.at the University of Calgary; Barry Cooper, Tom Flanagan, David Bercuson, Ted Morton, et al.

The Calgary School has both European and American roots and sources. Three leading Europeans have done much to shape and form the Calgary School. Those of us who spend a good deal of time teaching political theory cannot avoid the names of Leo Strauss, Eric Voegelin and Frederick Hayek. Hayek and Voegelin were Austrians. Hayek was a great fan of free trade, and Voegelin was an opponent of Hitler. He fled Austria when Hitler came to power; he came to the USA and taught there for much of his life. Leo Strauss fled Germany, like Hannah Arendt, when Hitler came to power, and both came and settled in the USA. These Austrian and German refugees, for different reasons, saw the USA, as the great and good place. It was, was it not, the country that defended liberty and freedom against the totalitarianism of Germany, Italy, Japan and Communism. The Calgary School is very much indebted to those like Strauss, Voegelin and Hayek for their inspiration, and many within the Calgary School are well known scholars in the area of Strauss, Voegelin and Hayek. The point to note here is that the Calgary School does not take its lead from the indigenous Canadian tradition. They turn elsewhere for their great good place. Such is the nature, DNA and way of the compradors. But, there is more to the tale than this.

The Calgary School also has strong American roots. Again, the comprador way comes to the fore and front stage. Tom Flanagan is well known in Canada for his revisionist read on Louis Riel. He was also born and bred in the USA, and he has strong American republican leanings. Barry Cooper is yet another of the clan. He is a Canadian, but he did his graduate studies in the USA, he did not find much support for his republican leanings at York University, hence he turned to the political science department at the University of Calgary. Cooper is a well-known Voegelin scholar. David Bercuson, Ted Morton and Rainer Knopff fill out the ranks quite nicely. At a more popular level, of course, Ted and Link Byfield have played their roles in shoring up and defending the American republican way. The comprador class in Alberta did much to both bring Preston Manning to power and to dethrone him. Stephen Harper was more the ideologue that served their purposes; hence he was offered the crown he now wears.


In the dance of the dialectic the most ardent critic of Strauss and Straussian politics of the neo-con right is also a graduate of the University of Calgary; Shadia Drury. Her work the result of being in a school dedicated to real Straussian politics.

As with Strauss the Calgary School is well versed in Marxism and critiques of Marxism as we can see in the publications of its major proponent Barry Cooper. Cooper admire's Leo Strauss, Carl Schmitt and Eric Voegelin and see's them as the political alternative to Marxism, and ironically these political philosophers are far more statist than Marx was.

It was very difficult to read Leo Strauss (1). But I did manage to wring out some ideas. He says if political philosophy wants to do justice to its subject matter, it must strive for "genuine knowledge" of "true standards" (2). This absolutist idea may be at least in part the reason Straussians (and neoconservatives) are willing to force a political system on countries, using war, lies, and the like. He begins to discuss Machiavelli (3) and says Karl Marx was a Machiavellian, which moves me toward the edge of my seat (even though this is no surprise) and this movement continued as I read more of Strauss on Machiavelli. The latter continually made me think of Bush and his neoconservatives.



Leo Strauss, and Eric Voegelin are Anti-Hegelian, like Karl Popper, declaring that Hegel is the end of history, that philosophy thus needs to return to its ancient sources.
In Hegel they see Gnosticism, and attack his and Marx's dialectics as heresy, embracing the fundamentalist and literalism of the evangelical Christian right.

There are four major periods in Hegel’s life during which he seems to have been strongly under the influence of Hermeticism, or to have actively pursued an interest in it. First, there is his boyhood in Stuttgart, from 1770 to 1788. As I shall discuss in detail in chapter 2, during this period Württemberg was a major center of Hermetic interest, with much of the Pietist movement influenced by Boehmeanism and Rosicrucianism (Württemberg was the spiritual center of the Rosicrucian movement). The leading exponents of Pietism, J. A. Bengel and, in particular, F. C. Oetinger were strongly influenced by German mysticism, Boehmean theosophy, and Kabbalism.


This is no abstract philosophical debate, the social conservative protestant right wing has a new political theology. It opposes liberal society as Gnostic, and blames liberalism, relativism, values laden education, etc. as the basis for Totalitarianism. Strauss, Voegelin and Schmidt argued that Hegel was the source of the Nazi's political power and thought, as did Karl Popper, then the same argument was applied against Marx, Marxism and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Today their followers like the Calgary School and others use it against the pluralistic social democratic polity in Canada, they indeed loathe Canadian society as it is.

Hegel is known largely through secondary sources and a few incriminating slogans and generalizations. The resulting myth, however, lacked a comprehensive, documented statement till Karl Popper found a place for it in his widely discussed book, The Open Society and Its Enemies. After it had gone through three impressions in England, a revised one-volume edition was brought out in the United States in 1950, five years after its original appearance. Walter Kaufmann


Hegelian Dialect is a perfect example of what J. Budziszewski (What We Can't Not Know, pp. 187) termed the "black magic spells of imposture and unraveling." Hegel's form of dialectics is itself an impostor. It effectively unravels truth and norms and then replaces them with a 'new truth' which is yet another impostor.

Whence came the deformed conceptions of anti-Constitutional, regulatory government and judicial activism?

American liberal-socialism is the gnostic descendant of the French Revolution and its Reign of Terror. The genealogical connection begins with Henri de Saint-Simon, the French intellectual who codified the doctrine of socialism in the first decades of the 1800s, shortly after the Revolution.

His colleagues and followers, including Auguste Comte, formed a body of disciples known as the Saint-Simonians. They spread the Gnostic gospel to German universities, where it became mixed with the philosophies of Fichte and Hegel.

Hegel studied alchemy, Kabbalah (caballa, kaballa, etc.) and theosophy. He "read widely on Mesmerism, psychic phenomena, dowsing, precognition and sorcery. He publicly associated himself with known occultists.... He believed in an Earth Spirit and corresponded with colleagues about the nature of magic.... He aligned himself, informally, with 'Hermetic' societies such as the Freemasons and the Rosicrucians" and embraced their symbolic systems of sacred circles, mystical triangles and astrological signs.[3]

Considering Hegel's occult connections, it's not surprising that his teachings would undermine Biblical faith and all opposing facts. Nor is it strange that the postmodern generation has been largely immunized against genuine Christianity. After all, Hegel's revolutionary dialectic process was the center-piece of Soviet brainwashing. It effectively purged God's unchanging truths and filled the vacuum with evolving "truths" and enticing dreams.

While Communist leaders embraced Hegel's process, they ignored his occult beliefs. In contrast, the Western world began to restore those pagan roots long before revolutionary baby-boomers began shouting their demands for sensual freedom and earth-centered spirituality. In other words, the sixties didn't initiate this radical change; the turmoil of the sixties was the result of the psycho-social program of "re-learning" which had begun to transform America decades earlier.


These are the arguments of the Cold War, which while now over, remains the bugaboo of the right. One does not invest fifty years of constructing anti-liberal, anti-socialists, anti-secular, anti-humanist arguments to abandon them with the mere collapse of the Berlin wall. Today the arguments used against socialism and liberalism by Strauss, Voegelin and Schmitt are now used in day to day editorials and arguments from the Right.

In Terror and Civilization: Christianity, Politics, and the Western Psyche, Drury regards the contemporary political problem as "thoroughly Biblical." "Each (civilization) is convinced that it is on the side of God, truth and justice, while its enemy is allied with Satan, wickedness, and barbarism."

"A civilization can .. advance and decline at the same time-but not forever. There is a limit towards which this ambiguous process moves; the limit reached when an activist sect which represents the Gnostic truth organizes the civilization into an empire under its rule. Totalitarianism, defined as the existential rule of Gnostic activists, is the end form of progressive civilization." Eric Voegelin.


In the realpolitik's of Cooper and the Calgary School the fundamentalist protestant right wing are the foots soldiers in their cynical attempt to restore a new age of Plato's Philosopher King through the creation of right wing populist political movements and parties. They created it in the autarchic leadership of Preston Manning over the Reform Party and now in the autarch in Ottawa who rules in the name of a reborn Conservative party, which is the ultimate Big Lie.

Strauss taught that an elite, wise ruling class must rule the unsophisticated masses by telling them noble lies for their own good.

Strauss loved Plato, interpreting his teachings to mean, “... true democracy is an act against nature and must be prevented at all costs.”

“Because mankind is intrinsically wicked, he has to be governed,” Strauss wrote. “Such governance can only be established, however, when men are united - and they can only be united against other people.” Leaders must always provide an enemy.

Straussian teachings spark delusions of grandeur in neocon intellectuals, who imagine themselves as the wise ruling elite, set free of the bonds of honesty and equality.


While publically declaring themselves libertarians of the right, they are anything but, again the Straussian deception and lies that cover their realpolitik. They want Plato's Philosopher King, the supreme ruler, and they see him sanctioned by the politics of social conservative Christianity.

What are we to think of Strauss? Murray Rothbard addressed this question more than forty years ago, in several reviews of Strauss’s works, written for the William Volker Fund. The situation that Rothbard confronted differed entirely from the present. Strauss did not then appear, whether rightly or wrongly, as the supposed mastermind behind an aggressive American foreign policy. Quite the contrary, to most American conservatives in the 1950s and 1960s, Strauss seemed a valiant battler against positivism and historicism in political science. In their stead, he wished to revive the study of the Greek classics; and he appeared to defend natural law against its modern detractors. Would Rothbard, himself a champion of natural law, find in Strauss a welcome ally?

Rothbard located a fatal flaw in Strauss’s work. He was no friend whom libertarians should rush to embrace: his view of natural law was entirely mistaken. Further, his mistake was not a mere theoretical failing, of interest to no one but a few scholars. The misunderstanding of morality that ran through Strauss’s work might lead, if applied in practice, to immense harm. Strauss wished to replace the ironclad restrictions on the state, imposed by natural law rightly understood, with the "prudential" judgments of political leaders who aim to enhance national power.


Murray N. Rothbard – writing over forty years ago – had Strauss's number:

"As Strauss sees matters, classical and Christian natural law did not impose strict and absolute limits on state power; instead, all is left to the prudential judgment of the wise statesman. From this contention, Rothbard vigorously dissents. 'In this [Straussian] reading, Hobbes and Locke are the great villains in the alleged perversion of natural law. To my mind, the 'perversion' was a healthy sharpening and development of the concept.' … Strauss's rejection of individual rights led him to espouse political views that Rothbard found repellent: 'We find Strauss . . . praising 'farsighted', 'sober' British imperialism; we find him discoursing on the 'good' Caesarism, on Caesarism as often necessary and not really tyranny, etc... he praises political philosophers for yes, lying to their readers for the sake of the 'social good'…. I must say that this is an odd position for a supposed moralist to take.'"


The Calgary School promotes the politics of Leo Strauss, Eric Voegelin and Carl Schmitt, secrecy, power in the hands of a strong man, power must be held at all costs, and the cynical use of the religious right/ social conservatives as your base. Even if it means lying to the public and hiding your real agenda. Harper fits that bill as much as Bush does.

In fact I would argue that Harper has taken the ideological political formula that the right has devised from the works of Strauss and Schmitt to heart more so than his Yale counterpart.
For an analysis of the influence of Carl Schmitt on the Harper autocracy see my; Post Modern Conservatives.

Despite the Conservative five priorities, their economic or environmental policies, Harpers regime comes down to two key right wing elements; Militarism and increasing the power of the Police and the Security State;
Heil Hillier, Maintiens le droit.

The secrecy of the state, the rule of elite, the mobilization of your base against perceived enemies is the neo-conservative politics of the Reform/Alliance/Conservative party in practice. Which was ok to gain power, but now that they are in power the continuation of the secret strong man state has shocked it's conservative base speechless.

Strauss's thinking seems in important respects tailor-made for a rising elite that wants, on the one hand, to justify its own claim to power and, on the other, to discredit an older elite that it is trying to replace.


Under Harper the Reform Party populist democratic renewal project is but a shadow of itself; take Senate Reform, still a matter on the agenda, but it is not the Triple E Senate of the Reform Party. The Reform shadow play is there to satisfy the base that this is still Manning's old party, which of course it isn't.

Beginning almost twenty years ago, "the Calgarians" cultivated a relationship with the nascent Reform Party. Although the latter was perhaps too populist and plebiscitary in tone for their comfort, both Calgarians and Reformers were possessed of a conviction that the western provinces were being shortchanged within confederation as successive governments in Ottawa concentrated so heavily on the festering Québec issue.


Harper, unlike Preston Manning, was a student of the Calgary School. Harper's political practice is influenced more by this than Manning was. Hence Harpers surprise; the recognition of Quebec as a nation, giving it the separatism it wants within a decentralized federal state. That is more the nuanced politics of the Calgary School than the Reform Party demand that the West Wants In. The old anti-bilingualism of the Reformers is replaced with the subtle Two Distinct Languages policy of the Conservatives. Which again appeals to Quebecois nationalism, while also keeping the rest of Canada happy with one language; English.

And it is clear that the Calgary School influenced the Conservatives Environmental policy more so than Green Conservative Calgarians; Preston Manning and Joe Clark, since Barry Cooper is a founder of the climate change denier group the Friends of Science (sic). Science has nothing to do with it they are Friends of the Oil Patch. And in typical Straussian fashion all the Conservatives discussions with stakeholders on the environment were held in secret.

Also see my;

Whigs and Tories

Right to Life = Right To Work


Leo Strauss and the Grand Inquisitor

by Shadia B. Drury


There is a certain irony in the fact that the chief guru of the neoconservatives is a thinker who regarded religion merely as a political tool intended for the masses but not for the superior few. Leo Strauss, the German Jewish émigré who taught at the University of Chicago almost until his death in 1973, did not dissent from Marx’s view that religion is the opium of the people; but he believed that the people need their opium. He therefore taught that those in power must invent noble lies and pious frauds to keep the people in the stupor for which they are supremely fit.

Not all the neoconservatives have read Strauss. And those who have rarely understand him, for he was a very secretive thinker who expressed his ideas with utmost circumspection. But there is one thing that he made very clear: liberal secular society is untenable. Religion is necessary to provide political society with moral order and stability. Of course, this is a highly questionable claim. History makes it abundantly clear that religion has been a most destabilizing force in politics—a source of conflict, strife, and endless wars. But neoconservatives dogmatically accept the view of religion as a panacea for everything that ails America.



Leo Strauss

By John Gueguen, 13 May 2003. A memo in which Gueguen provides background for anyone wanting to investigate whether there may be substance to the allegations of Leo Strauss's complicity in the political work of contemporary “Straussians”.

1. The past decade has produced a ferment of critiques and defenses of Strauss in respect to several themes having to do with the general tenor of his work and of its particular aspects. I maintain a substantial file on this part of Strauss research, along with a larger collection of materials that extend back to my own study with him at Chicago in the early 1960s when I was pursuing the Ph.D. there.

2. This memo will consist primarily of a bibliographical review of the most interesting pieces I have collected that may have some relevance for this topic, at least to provide a sense of direction by indicating what has been done in recent years.

3. The leading critic of Strauss in N. America has been a sprightly young lady whom I met at a conference about a dozen years ago in Chicago—Shadia B. Drury, of the Univ. of Calgary. She came to the notice of colleagues with a substantial article in the journal, Political Theory (13/3, August 1985), “The Esoteric Philosophy of Leo Strauss” (pp. 510-535). It was followed two years later by a second article in the same journal (15/3, August 1987, pp. 299-315), “Leo Strauss’ Classic Natural Right Teaching.” This time the editors asked two prominent political philosophers to append their comments: “Dear Professor Drury” (by Harry V. Jaffa, one of Strauss' former students and major allies), pp. 316-25; “Politics against Philosophy: Strauss and Drury” (by Fred Dallmayer, who had been a critic of Strauss), pp. 326-37. Drury's severe critique was judged to be of sufficient potential to upset the standard perception of Strauss that it could not be ignored, even though it was by a relatively young and inexperienced author. She presents the case that Strauss was a dangerously deceptive ally of the modern philosophers he himself had spent his life criticizing because he elevated the philosopher above justice, thus making himself unaccountable.

The full-length critique Drury was working on at the time appeared at the end of 1987 as The Political Ideas of Leo Strauss (N.Y.: St. Martin's Press, 288 pp.). I quote from the publisher's notice: “This is the first book-length study. . .. In a portrait of the philosopher at odds with his general image, Drury maintains that Strauss has presented his thoughts wrapped in a veil of scholarship because he believes that the truth undermines religion and morality, and so is bound to wreak havoc on political society. . ..[She reveals] the extent to which Strauss' ideas are indebted to Nietzsche, Freud, and Machiavelli. . .and challenges many accepted beliefs about ‘the founder of a movement, a school of thought and even a cult.’..[and the] increasingly important influence [of the “Straussians”] on the present-day political thought. . ..”

This book generated many thoughtful reviews (mostly by Strauss' students and defenders), of which I have a collection. One says: “Drury means to convey that the reputation of Strauss as a natural right political philosopher with a high-minded approach to political life is simply false in all its essentials.” One reviewer admits that “as a philosopher, Strauss was moved by the sting of the awareness of lacking an adequate answer to the question of questions: Should I live theologically (morally-politically) or philosophically (serious questioning of the morality-piety informing my ‘cave’)?” The most substantial reviews include: Rev. Ernest Fortin A.A., “Between the Lines: Was Leo Strauss a Secret Enemy of Morality?”, Crisis (Dec. 1989), 19-26 (a vindication of Strauss which was rebutted by a letter in the March 1990 issue by a Drury supporter); and Marc Henrie, “The Ambiguities of Leo Strauss,” which reviews the Strauss “legacy” from his death in 1973 up to 1988.

Drury had a chance to rebut her critics in a review of Strauss' The Rebirth of Classical Political Rationalism: Essays and Lectures, ed. Thomas L. Pangle (Univ. of Chicago Press, 1989). It appeared in the same journal which carried her original critiques, Political Theory, 19/4 (Nov. 1991), 671-675.

Critics of Strauss
also accuse him of elitism and anti-democratic sentiment. Shadia Drury, author of 1999's Leo Strauss and the American Right, argues that Strauss taught different things to different students, and inculcated an elitist strain in American political leaders that is linked to imperialist militarism and Christian fundamentalism. Drury accuses Strauss of teaching that "perpetual deception of the citizens by those in power is critical because they need to be led, and they need strong rulers to tell them what's good for them." Drury adds, "The Weimar Republic was his model of liberal democracy... liberalism in Weimar, in Strauss's view, led ultimately to the Nazi Holocaust against the Jews." However, Strauss was hardly alone in arguing that liberalism had produced authoritarianism. Many German émigré, most notably among them Hannah Arendt, Theodore Adorno, and Max Horkheimer, made similar claims.

Strauss’ students are aware of the impression their admiration for him makes on outsiders. Allen Bloom was the best known of those students thanks to his best-selling 1987 anti-egalitarian diatribe The Closing of the American Mind, and more recently to his having been “outed” by his old friend Saul Bellow in Bellow’s novel, Ravelstein. In his tribute to his former teacher, published after Strauss’s death, Bloom observed that “those of us who know him saw in him such a power of mind, such a unity and purpose of life, such a rare mixture of the human elements resulting in a harmonious expression of the virtues, moral and intellectual, that our account of him is likely to evoke disbelief or ridicule from those who have never experienced a man of this quality.”[i] Bloom’s rhetorical strategy here of appropriating a projected criticism—the fawning admiration Straussians have for their teacher/founder and turning it around—also has the effect of demarcating an “out-group” that does not understand from an in-group that has experienced the truth, which is another characteristic feature of the style and substance of what makes a Straussian.

It is partly the aura that emanates from Strauss that gives credence to the claims of conspiracy when Straussians are involved in something, if that is in fact the claim that people make. More particularly, the prominence given to the notion of a charismatic founder within the Straussian fold means that it quickly begins to look like a cult.





Faith and Political Philosophy
The Correspondence between Leo Strauss and Eric Voegelin, 1934-1964

Peter Emberley and Barry Cooper, eds.

1993


Political Theory, Political Philosophy
Hardback
ISBN-10: 0-271-00883-0
ISBN-13: 978-0-271-00883-7


Out of Stock Indefinitely







Leo Strauss and Eric Voegelin were political theorists of the first rank whose impact on the study of political science in North America has been profound. A study of their writings is one of the most expeditious ways to explore the core of political science; comparing and contrasting the positions both theorists have taken in assessing that core provides a comprehensive appreciation of the main options of the Western tradition.

In fifty-three recently discovered letters, Strauss and Voegelin explore the nature of their similarities and differences, offering trenchant observations about one another's work, about the state of the discipline, and about the influences working on them. The correspondence fleshes out many assumptions made in their published writings, often with a frankness and directness that removes all vestiges of ambiguity.

Included with the correspondence are four pivotal re-published essays-Jersualem and Athens: Some Preliminary Reflections (Strauss), The Gospel and Culture (Voegelin), Immortality: Experience and Symbol (Voegelin), and The Mutual Influence of Theology and Philosophy (Strauss)-and commentaries by James L. Wiser, Hans-Georg Gadamer, Stanley Rosen, Thomas J.J. Altizer, Timothy Fuller, Ellis Sandoz, Thomas L. Pangle, and David Walsh.






Peter C. Emberley is Associate Professor of Political Science at Carleton University and editor of By Loving our Own: George Grant and the Legacy of Lament for a Nation (Carleton, 1990).

Barry Cooper is Professor of Political Science at the University of Calgary and author of several books, including The End of History (Toronto, 1984) and Action into Nature: An Essay on the Meaning of Technology (Notre Dame, 1991).












































BARRY COOPER
B.A. (UBC), A.M., Ph.D (Duke), F.R.S.C.


Political theory and Canadian politics, political thought and public policy.

Author of Merleau-Ponty and Marxism, Michel Foucault: An Introduction to His Thought; The End of History: An Essay in Modern Hegelianism; The Political Theory of Eric Voegelin; Alexander Kennedy Isbister, A Respectable Critic of the Honourable Company; Action into Nature: An Essay on the Meaning of Technology; Sins of Omission: The Making of CBC TV News; The Klein Achievement; and Eric Voegelin and the Foundations of Modern Political Science. Co-author of the controversial best seller, Deconfederation: Canada Without Quebec; and of Derailed: The Betrayal of the National Dream. Articles have appeared in several philosophy and political science journals.

Dr. Cooper is affiliated with the Friends of Science. They have produced a video called "Climate Catastrophe Cancelled: What You're Not Being Told About the Science of Climate Change". In addition, Dr. Cooper hosts the McNish Lecture Series for the Advancement of Western Civilization. The inaugural lecture was given by His Excellency, Martin Palous, former Czech Ambassador to the USA, and Czech Ambassador Designate to the United Nations. The lecture was entitled Freedom of Expression in the New Europe.

Leo Strauss and the neoconservatives

By Shadia B. Drury

The Straussians are the most powerful, the most organised, and the best-funded scholars in Canada and the United States. They are the unequalled masters of right-wing think tanks, foundations, and corporate funding. And now they have the ear of the powerful in the White House. Nothing could have pleased Strauss more; for he believed that intellectuals have an important role to play in politics. It was not prudent for them to rule directly because the masses are inclined to distrust them; but they should certainly not pass up the opportunity to whisper in the ears of the powerful. So, what are they whispering? What did Strauss teach them? What is the impact of the Straussian philosophy on the powerful neoconservatives? And what is neoconservatism anyway?

Strauss is not as obscure or as esoteric as his admirers pretend. There are certain incontestable themes in his work. The most fundamental theme is the distinction between the ancients and the moderns - a distinction that informs all his work. According to Strauss, ancient philosophers (such as Plato) were wise and wily, but modern philosophers (such as Locke and other liberals) were foolish and vulgar. The wise ancients thought that the unwashed masses were not fit for either truth or liberty; and giving them these sublime treasures was like throwing pearls before swine. Accordingly, they believed that society needs an elite of philosophers or intellectuals to manufacture "noble lies" for the consumption of the masses. Not surprisingly, the ancients had no use for democracy. Plato balked at the democratic idea that any Donald, Dick, or George was equally fit to rule.

In contrast to the ancients, the moderns were the foolish lovers of truth and liberty; they believed in the natural rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. They believed that human beings were born free and could be legitimately ruled only by their own consent.

The ancients denied that there is any natural right to liberty. Human beings are born neither free nor equal. The natural human condition is not one of freedom, but of subordination. And in Strauss's estimation, they were right in thinking that there is only one natural right - the right of the superior to rule over the inferior - the master over the slave, the husband over the wife, and the wise few over the vulgar many. As to the pursuit of happiness - what could the vulgar do with happiness except drink, gamble, and fornicate?

Praising the wisdom of the ancients and condemning the folly of the moderns was the whole point of Strauss's most famous book, Natural Right and History. The cover of the book sports the American Declaration of Independence. But the book is a celebration of nature - not the natural rights of man (as the appearance of the book would lead one to believe), but the natural order of domination and subordination.

In his book On Tyranny, Strauss referred to the right of the superior to rule as "the tyrannical teaching" of the ancients which must be kept secret. But what is the reason for secrecy? Strauss tells us that the tyrannical teaching must be kept secret for two reasons - to spare the people's feelings and to protect the elite from possible reprisals. After all, the people are not likely to be favourably disposed to the fact that they are intended for subordination.

But why should anyone object to the idea that in theory the good and wise should rule? The real answer lies in the nature of the rule of the wise as understood by Strauss.

It meant tyranny is the literal sense, which is to say, rule in the absence of law, or rule by those who were above the law. Of course, Strauss believed that the wise would not abuse their power. On the contrary, they would give the people just what was commensurate with their needs and capacities. But what exactly is that? Certainly, giving them freedom, happiness, and prosperity is not the point. In Strauss's estimation, that would turn them into animals. The goal of the wise is to ennoble the vulgar. But what could possibly ennoble the vulgar? Only weeping, worshipping, and sacrificing could ennoble the masses. Religion and war - perpetual war - would lift the masses from the animality of bourgeois consumption and the pre-occupation with "creature comforts." Instead of personal happiness, they would live their lives in perpetual sacrifice to God and the nation.

Arendt and Strauss

She appears to have been genuinely uninterested in acquiring or counseling power, another virtue increasingly scarce among our "public intellectuals." Witness her long-running feud with fellow-émigré Leo Strauss, who became a colleague of Arendt's at the University of Chicago. Besides rebuffing his amorous advances (what minor nightmares they must been), Arendt saw in Strauss' careful attitude toward the Nazis all the signs of a sniveling opportunist, especially when, as a Jew, he could hardly expect any favors. In the 1960s, Arendt became a grossmutter of sorts to many student radicals, while Strauss helped concoct the intoxicating blend of powerlust and esoterica that evolved into neoconservatism. His intellectual spawn now occupy editorial offices, university faculties, and the Bush Administration, and their Platonic noble lies, having issued in a needless and protracted war in Iraq, have stoked the flames of hatred and recrimination throughout the Arab and Muslim worlds. Having seen the Master in action, Arendt would have known what to make of the Straussian cabal of sycophants and mediocrities.

Darwinian Conservatism by Larry Arnhart: February 2006

As I indicate in Darwinian Conservatism, the arguments for "intelligent design theory" as an alternative to Darwinian evolution were first stated in Book 10 of Plato's Laws. Leo Strauss's book on Plato's Laws raises questions about intelligent design in Plato's political theology. Those questions suggest the possibility that there might be a natural moral sense in at least some people that does not depend on the cosmic teleology of Plato's intelligent design theology. And if so, that suggests the possibility of justifying natural right as rooted in a moral sense of human nature shaped by natural evolution, which would not require an intelligent design theology.

In Plato's dialogue, the Athenian character warns against those natural philosophers who teach that the ultimate elements in the universe and the heavenly bodies were brought into being not by divine intelligence or art but by natural necessity and chance. These natural philosophers teach that the gods and the moral laws attributed to the gods are human inventions. This scientific naturalism appeared to subvert the religious order by teaching atheism. It appeared to subvert the moral order by teaching moral relativism. And it appeared to subvert the political order by depriving the laws of their religious and moral sanction. Plato's Athenian character responds to this threat by developing the reasoning for the intelligent design position as based on four kinds of arguments: a scientific argument, a religious argument, a moral argument, and a political argument.


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