Showing posts sorted by date for query FOREVER CHEMICALS. Sort by relevance Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by date for query FOREVER CHEMICALS. Sort by relevance Show all posts

Saturday, November 23, 2024

Trump’s Pick for EPA is a Zealot

Lee Zeldin, Republican of New York, to lead the Environmental Protection Agency, a position that is expected to be central to Mr. Trump’s plans to dismantle landmark climate regulations.”


 November 22, 2024
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Image by Koushik Chowdavarapu.

“Unqualified,” declared Ben Jealous, executive director of the Sierra Club, about Lee Zeldin being nominated by President-elect Trump to head the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

The nomination, Jealous said, “lays bare Donald Trump’s intentions to, once again, sell our health, our communities, our jobs and future out to corporate polluters. Our lives, our livelihoods, and our collective future cannot afford Lee Zeldin—or anyone who seeks to carry out a mission antithetical to the EPA’s mission.”

In issuing the statement, the Sierra Club noted that it “is America’s largest and most influential grassroots environmental organization with millions of members.”

What Zeldin heading the EPA is centrally about was summed up well in the first two paragraphs of the underplayed Page 14 article in the New York Times about the November 10th nomination. Trump, it said, “announced…he would nominate former Representative Lee Zeldin, Republican of New York, to lead the Environmental Protection Agency, a position that is expected to be central to Mr. Trump’s plans to dismantle landmark climate regulations.”

“Mr. Trump campaigned on pledges to ‘kill’ and ‘cancel’ EPA rules and regulations to combat global warming by restricting fossil fuel pollution from vehicle tailpipes, power plant smokestacks and oil and gas wells.”

There were also some hoorays for the nomination. “Congrats to Representative Zeldin on his nomination to be the 17th EPA administrator,” said Andrew Wheeler, an EPA administrator under Trump in his first term as president. Prior to that he was a lobbyist for major coal, chemical and uranium companies. Walker further said on Elon Musk’s X in a quote also cited by the National Review: “I know he will do a great job tackling the regulatory overreach while protecting our air and water.”

Meanwhile, Adrienne Esposito, executive director of Citizens Campaign for the Environment based in Farmingdale, Long Island told Long Island’s daily newspaper, Newsday: “The good news is: he lives here. He understands that climate change is real. He understands the value of protecting coastal waters, estuaries, the marine environment and drinking water…We’re hoping, and we need Lee Zeldin to bring perspective and strength to the Trump administration to do the right thing here and protect us.”

“Trump Picks New EPA Head Guaranteed to Destroy the Environment,” was the headline in The New Republic magazine. The subhead on its article: “This will be a disaster.”

“Meet the ‘great deregulator’ Trump chose to lead EPA,” was the headline of the E&E website of Politico. “A Trump ally with a limited environmental record will have the task of undoing President Joe Biden’s climate legacy.” Its article quoted prominent climate change denier Myron Ebell, who led Trump’s EPA transition team eight years ago, saying: “I think he [Zeldin] has all the ability and political savvy to be a great deregulator. I think he’s capable of mastering the technical side of it, but he also will be a great advocate in public for what they’re trying to do.”

The headline of the New York Metropolitan Area news website Hell Gate said: “Lee

Zeldin Appointed to Oversee Climate Collapse.” The subhead: “Trump choosing a Long Island lackey as EPA administrator.”

As to the record on the environment of Zeldin, he has a 14% score from the League of Conservation Voters on its National Environmental Scorecard. In the years during which he was a member of the House of Representatives—2015 to 2023—initiatives he voted against, notes the organization, included “cracking down on Big Oil price gouging, against clean water and clean air protections, against methane pollution safeguards.” The organization’s senior vice president for government affairs, Tiernan Sittenfeld, said after Trump announced Zeldin’s nomination: “Trump made his anti-climate action, anti-environment agenda very clear during his first term and again during his 2024 campaign. During the confirmation process, we would challenge Lee Zeldin to show how he would be better than Trump’s campaign promises or his own failing 14%.”

Zeldin has through the years been a very, very close ally of Trump.

In 2021, he was among Republican members of the House who voted against certifying the results of the 2020 election that Trump insisted he won. And it has included his being a leader in defending Trump during Trump’s first impeachment hearings.

Zeldin didn’t seek re-election to the House so as to run for governor against Democrat Kathy Hochul, a contest he lost. In the House he represented the eastern two-thirds of Suffolk County on Long Island. He was raised and still lives in the suburban Long Island community of Shirley. He is an attorney.

On global warming or climate change, The New York Times article on his nomination said that in a 2014 interview with the editorial board of Newsday, Zeldin “expressed doubts about the severity of the problem” saying: “I’m not sold yet on the whole argument that we have as serious a problem as other people are.”

Trump has repeatedly called global warming or climate change a “hoax.”

The headline on Inside Climate News was: “Lee Zeldin, Trump’s EPA Pick, Brings a Moderate Face to a Radical Game Plan.” Its article said “Trump opted to put his planned radical rollback of climate policy in the hands of a staunch ally who is skilled at projecting an image of a moderate conservative.” The piece concluded by stating “the most telling item in Zeldin’s record is his vote against certifying the 2020 election,” and a quote from Sam Bernhardt, political director of the environmental group Food & Water Action: “He did that because Trump told him to, so I think we can extrapolate that most of Lee Zeldin’s work at EPA will likewise be things that Trump has told him to do.”

The New York Times piece on the Zeldin nomination related that Trump “rolled back over 100 environmental policies and regulations” during his first term. “President Biden restored many of them an strengthened several.” Now, “Some people on Mr. Trump’s transition team say the agency needs a wholesale makeover and are discussing moving the EPA headquarters and its 7,000 workers out of Washington.”

Trump in his first term pulled the U.S. out of the 2015 Paris Agreement on a global reduction in carbon emissions. Biden, on his first day in office as president, had the nation rejoin it. In the 2024 campaign, Trump said he would again have the U.S. leave the Paris Agreement.

Politico reported: “The world is bracing for President-elect Donald Trump to withdraw the U.S. from the Paris climate agreement for the second time—only this time, he could move faster and with less restraint. Trump’s vow to pull out would once again leave the United States as one of the only countries not to be a party to the 2015 pact, in which nearly 200 governments have made…pledges to reduce their planet-warming pollution. His victory in last week’s election threatens to overshadow the COP29 climate summit…where the U.S. and other countries will hash out details related to phasing down fossil fuels and providing climate aid to poorer nations.”

It continued: “The United States’ absence from the deal would put other countries on the hook to make bigger reductions to their climate pollution. But it would also raise inevitable questions from some countries about how much more effort they should put in when the world’s second-largest greenhouse gas polluter is walking away.”

The Zeldin nomination will need to be confirmed by the Senate.

A newspaper in Zeldin’s former House district, The East Hampton Star, ran an editorial last week headed “Lee Zeldin: Long Island’s Pollution Export.” It stated: “It is hardly surprising that Donald Trump’s pick to head the Environmental Protection Agency is a man staunchly on the side of polluters, a man who has called for the U.S. to exit the Paris climate accords. Anyone who has been paying remote attention could expect Mr. Trump to base his appointment on fealty, rather than expertise in the environmental field. But the choice of Lee Zeldin, our former congressman here in the First Congressional District, still came as an ugly shock.”

It went on: “Gutting the E.P.A. is a top priority for the incoming administration. A primary aim is to increase domestic fossil-fuel production, and climate regulations stand in the way. The first step is to undo Biden-era guardrails on power plants, oil and gas companies, and vehicles. Both the incoming president and the incoming E.P.A. chief…see green energy and environmental protections as the enemy of business-boosting, rather than the industries of the future. This backward thinking is very bad news, not just for the Earth but for Long Island.”

“The district Mr. Zeldin represented for eight years, our district, is at the vanguard of climate impact, vulnerable as we are to sea level rise. Long Island, with its high population density, is also widely affected by the modern environmental ills that government should protect its citizens from, including so-called forever chemicals and lead. There are reasons why Long Island has such high rates of cancer.”

“The last Trump administration took a very hard line at the E.P.A. Whistleblowers were punished; scientists were encouraged to delete findings that certain substances caused cancer or miscarriages. In the second Trump term, we can expect this attack on science and common sense to get worse.”

Zeldin’s “elevation is, obviously, a reward for ring-kissing,” said the editorial. “He was one of the first members of Congress to back Mr. Trump’s 2016 bid [for president] and he has been a steadfast surrogate on Fox News. Mr. Zeldin was an election denier who stood up in Congress even after the Jan. 6 insurrection to claim ‘rogue election officials’ had tainted the results. Mr. Zeldin excels at bootlicking.”

It concluded: “The best-case scenario is that the E.P.A. will lose four years in the fight for the planet. The worst-case scenario should send a shudder down your spine.”

Karl Grossman, professor of journalism at State University of New York/College at Old Westbury, and is the author of the book, The Wrong Stuff: The Space’s Program’s Nuclear Threat to Our Planet, and the Beyond Nuclear handbook, The U.S. Space Force and the dangers of nuclear power and nuclear war in space. Grossman is an associate of the media watch group Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting (FAIR). He is a contributor to Hopeless: Barack Obama and the Politics of Illusion.


DEMOCRACYNOW!

Trump Taps Fossil Fuel Ally to Head EPA, Push Anti-Environment Agenda

Wednesday, November 20, 2024

 FOREVER CHEMICALS

Garden produce grown near Fayetteville works fluorochemical plant contains GenX, other PFAs



North Carolina State University




Residential garden produce grown near the Fayetteville Works fluorochemical plant can expose those who consume it to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), according to a new study conducted by researchers from North Carolina State University, East Carolina University and the Colorado School of Mines.

“It is often assumed that contaminated drinking water is the main pathway through which we are exposed to PFAS,” says Detlef Knappe, professor of civil, construction, and environmental engineering at NC State and a lead investigator of the study. “An important goal of our study was to determine whether people who live in PFAS-impacted communities are also exposed to PFAS through home-grown produce.”

The researchers collected 53 produce samples from five residential gardens located near the fluorochemical manufacturer Fayetteville Works in Fayetteville, N.C. Samples were analyzed for 43 PFAS. The targeted PFAS included GenX and 12 other per- and polyfluoroalkyl ether acids (PFEAs) that are uniquely associated with the Chemours-owned facility.

The summed PFAS concentrations detected in as-received produce reached up to 38 nanograms per gram (ng/g), with PFEAs from the manufacturer overwhelmingly dominating the PFAS profile.

Among different types of produce studied, which included fruits, vegetables, and nuts, researchers found that water-rich produce, like berries and figs, exhibited the highest PFAS levels. When comparing frozen produce harvested in the area over time, researchers observed a general decreasing trend in PFAS levels from 2013 to 2019, though with some variations. While the exact cause of this decline is unclear, researchers suspect that interventions implemented to reduce air emissions at the nearby fluorochemical manufacturer might have played a role.

Next, the researchers looked at how PFAS exposure through consuming contaminated produce compared to exposure through drinking water. Specifically, researchers determined how much produce would give the same exposure to GenX as drinking water with 10 ng/L of GenX, the highest level allowed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

“The comparison was made based solely on GenX because it was the only one of the detected PFEAs for which toxicity information was available,” says Pingping Meng, assistant professor of chemistry at ECU and lead author of this study.

For the site with the highest average GenX concentration in the studied produce (0.19 ng/g), the researchers found that for children, daily exposure to GenX from drinking water containing 10 ng/L GenX is similar to eating about 17 g (0.6 ounces, or about 10 blueberries) and adults eating about 68 g (2.4 ounces) of produce. These produce quantities are about nine times lower for children and four times lower for adults than the typical intake of fruits and vegetables.

To assess the long-term risk of consuming GenX-contaminated produce in impacted communities, researchers also calculated the chronic-exposure daily limit, which is the maximum amount of produce that an individual could safely consume daily.

For children aged 3 to 6 years, the daily limit for chronic exposure was 289 grams daily (about 10 ounces, or one and two-thirds cups of blueberries), which is higher than the typical value of 186 grams per day. However, the researchers note that the risk from consuming this amount of produce is likely underestimated because the calculation didn't consider other PFAS in the produce.

“We may be underestimating the risk because we are not considering the potentially additive effects of PFEA mixtures, particularly for PFEAs that were detected at concentrations higher than GenX but for which health-based reference doses are lacking,” Meng says. “Research is urgently needed to better understand the toxicity of the dominant PFEAs that we detected in the produce.”

“Our results show that people who live near Fayetteville Works and consumed locally grown fruits and vegetables were exposed to numerous PFEAs through their diet,” adds Knappe. “These findings highlight that diet, in addition to drinking water, can be an important human exposure pathway.”

The study, “Residential Garden Produce Harvested Near a Fluorochemical Manufacturer in North Carolina Can be an Important Fluoroether Exposure Pathway” appears in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry and was supported by the U.S. EPA [Grant R839482: U.S. National Investigation of Transport and Exposure from Drinking Water and Diet (PFAS UNITEDD)] and the North Carolina Collaboratory. NC State co-authors include Nadia Sheppard, Sarangi Joseph and Owen Duckworth. Christopher Higgins of the Colorado School of Mines also contributed to the work.

-30-

Note to editors: An abstract follows.

“Residential garden produce harvested near a fluorochemical manufacturer in North Carolina can be an important fluoroether exposure pathway”

DOI10.1021/acs.jafc.4c06177

Authors: Pingping Meng, East Carolina University; Nadia Sheppard, Sarangi Joseph, Owen W. Duckworth, Detlef R. U. Knappe, North Carolina State University; Christopher P. Higgins, Colorado School of Mines

Published: Nov. 20, 2024 in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Abstract:
Dietary intake can be an important exposure route to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs). Little is known about the bioaccumulation of emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl ether acids (PFEAs) in garden produce from PFAS-impacted communities and the associated dietary exposure risk. In this study, fifty-three produce samples were collected from five residential gardens near a fluorochemical manufacturer. Summed PFAS concentrations ranged from 0.0026 to 38 ng/g wet weight of produce, and water-rich produce exhibited the highest PFAS levels. The PFAS signature was dominated by PFEAs, and hexafluoropropylene oxide-dimer acid (commonly known as GenX) was detected in 72% of samples. Based on average measured GenX concentrations, chronic-exposure daily limits were as low as 289 g produce/day for children (3-6 yr). This analysis does not consider other PFEAs that were present at higher concentrations, but for which reference doses were not available. This study revealed that consuming residential garden produce grown in PFAS-impacted communities can be an important exposure pathway.

Chemistry paper discusses new approach to breakdown PFAS, forever chemicals


Researchers have found a new approach for breaking down a group of human-made chemicals that can carry health risks from long-term exposure




Colorado State University

Garret Miyake 

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Garret Miyake

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Credit: Colorado State University College of Natural Sciences/John Cline





Researchers at Colorado State University have found a new approach for breaking down PFAS – a group of human-made “forever” chemicals commonly used for their water-resistant properties that can carry health risks from long-term exposure. 

The carbon-fluorine bond found in PFAS (perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances) compounds is particularly challenging to break apart. That durability has led to widespread use of these manufactured chemicals in medical, industrial and commercial settings. However, that inherent stability has also made them difficult to dispose of, and over time, they have made their way into water, air and soil across the world according to the Environmental Protection Agency. The EPA says exposure to these lingering compounds can lead to health problems, including cancer or reproductive issues. 

In a paper published today in Nature, CSU researchers showcase an effective LED light-based photocatalytic system that can be used at room temperature to break down those key carbon-fluorine bonds. The system is an improvement over traditional chemical manufacturing processes that typically require high temperatures to achieve similar results.  

Work at CSU was led by Professor Garret Miyake in the Department of Chemistry. His team partnered with fellow CSU chemistry Professor Robert Paton as well as Professor Niels Damrauer at the University of Colorado Boulder on the paper. 

Miyake said complimentary expertise across those teams led to this high-impact interdisciplinary research finding.  

“Our approach is a fundamental advancement in organic synthesis that achieves activation of these challenging carbon-fluorine bonds across a variety of situations,” he said. “Our method is more sustainable and efficient and can be used to address stubborn compounds in plastics, for example, in addition to the obvious uses around PFAS.” 

Most people in the world have been exposed to PFAS by touching or eating materials containing them. A common source of exposure is drinking water, but the compounds can also be found in non-stick consumer products, food packaging, and common manufacturing processes. Research led by the EPA shows that even low-level exposure can result in developmental effects like low birth weight or reduced immune response, among many other health issues. 

Postdoctoral researcher Mihai Popescu served as an author on the paper and contributed to the mechanistic understanding of the research using computational chemistry. He said the next challenge will be in taking the technology and preparing it for application in the field across many instances. 

“We need to make this technology more practical so it can be used in water or soil – places where PFAS are found,” said Popescu. “We need the chemistry we are showcasing here to be useful in those conditions and that is where a lot of work remains.” 

Miyake currently serves as director of the National Science Foundation funded Center for Sustainable Photoredox Catalysis (SuPRCat) on campus. That center launched in 2023 with a goal of developing chemical manufacturing processes that harness light energy and utilizing readily available materials as catalysts. 

Miyake noted that similar research projects to the one discussed in the paper are happening every day through the center. Postdoctoral researcher Xin Liu – who lead the synthetic development of this work and is also a member of SuPRCat – said the work holds many possibilities. 

“This paper deals specifically with forever chemicals, but our approach in SuPRCat to using LED lights presents a host of possibilities towards achieving these reactions in a more sustainable and efficient way,” said Liu. “From dealing with plastics that don’t degrade quickly to improving the manufacturing process of needed fertilizers, this is a key area and something CSU is well positioned to lead on.”