It’s possible that I shall make an ass of myself. But in that case one can always get out of it with a little dialectic. I have, of course, so worded my proposition as to be right either way (K.Marx, Letter to F.Engels on the Indian Mutiny)
Monday, January 12, 2026
WestJet execs tried cramped seats on flight weeks before viral video sparked backlash
A WestJet plane waits at a gate at Calgary International Airport in Calgary, Alta., Wednesday, Aug. 31, 2022. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jeff McIntosh (Jeff McIntosh)
On a calm, cloudy day in Calgary last November, WestJet CEO Alexis von Hoensbroech stepped onto a plane bound for Toronto along with five other executives, the chairman of the board and several union representatives to try out the new, super-tight seating at the back of the cabin.
Sitting in rows 27 and 28 out of 31, the group gathered on the Boeing 737 at the request of unions officials who cited concerns around a new seat configuration that featured less legroom than ever on most economy seats — and went on to draw national attention after a video showcasing the tight fit for passengers went viral.
In a TikTok post by an Alberta woman that has racked up more than 1.1 million views, her parents can be seen squeezing into a row that leaves barely enough room to move their legs.
“Impossible to straighten out my knees to the front,” says her father in the Dec. 27 post.
“I’m going to be sharing my leg space with him,” adds her mother.
The online backlash and union response underscore questions of safety and comfort on WestJet narrow-body planes that can accommodate lower fares and more passengers — 180 — but potentially at the cost of traveller experience.
Fewer than six weeks earlier, the company’s chief executive occupied an identical seat to the TikTok user, and graciously offered to take the middle one, said Alia Hussain, who chairs the flight attendant union’s WestJet contingent.
Most executives who were on board “acknowledged that the seating configuration would present challenges” on longer trips and night flights due to the limited comfort and mobility," the union executive told members in a bulletin on Nov. 26 and obtained by The Canadian Press.
“At the same time, there was sentiment from WestJet leadership that, outside of longer flights, the configuration was generally acceptable.”
WestJet has not responded to questions about the Nov. 17 flight.
The Calgary-based company announced in September it would reconfigure the seating on 43 Boeing 737 jets to install an extra row and divide the cabin into more tiers. So far, 21 planes furnish the compressed configuration.
A dozen of the 22 rows in the planes’ economy class feature 28-inch pitch — the distance between one point on a seat and the same point on the seat in front — versus 29- or 30-inch pitches on most other carriers’ lower-tier seats. They also have what WestJet calls a “fixed recline design,” meaning they cannot be tilted back.
Workers and passengers have pushed back, warning that the cramped cabin curtails safety, particularly in the event of an evacuation, and hurts the customer experience.
“WestJet pilots believe this reconfiguration erodes the guest experience and devalues our brand,” said Jacob Astin, who chairs the WestJet contingent of the Air Line Pilots Association, in an emailed statement.
He noted that Transport Canada had approved the change, but said it nonetheless “reduces the superior safety margins of previous layouts due to increased cramping.”
No other large Canadian airline has 28-inch pitch seats.
WestJet has stressed that the overhauled layout allows for more affordable fares. More spacious rows are also available at a higher price.
“Because safety is so important to us, it’s worth noting as part of the reconfiguration the aircraft underwent an extensive safety and certification process. All modifications were completed in accordance with Transport Canada’s rigorous airworthiness standards and WestJet’s own high internal safety requirements,” said WestJet spokeswoman Julia Kaiser in an email.
“We are closely monitoring guest and employee feedback to assess the product’s performance, comfort and suitability.”
For cabin crew, the more confined environment can make it harder to clean after a flight, carry out emergency procedures such as helping with oxygen masks and have a comfortable commute to or from an upcoming shift, according to the Canadian Union of Public Employees.
The changes, which the union was not consulted on, may also aggravate passengers already frustrated by the flying experience generally, said Hussain.
“We are the face, we’re on the front line of this change where passengers are finding out about it as they board,” she said in a phone interview.
“We don’t need to be in a race to offer the least.”
The narrower rows put some WestJet cabins on a par with budget carriers such as Spirit Airlines, Frontier Airlines and Wizz Air, all of which sport 28-inch seats.
“At what point do we just all stand and hold onto a rubber ring handle?” asked one TikTok commenter.
However, the new configuration also carves out more space for 36 “extended comfort” seats with 34-inch pitch and 12 premium seats with 38-inch pitch, both of which yield bigger profit margins.
In December, WestJet paused a move to install the controversial seats on a big slice of its fleet amid pushback, but also “to support our operations during the peak winter travel season,” said spokeswoman Julia Brunet in mid-December. “We plan to resume reconfiguring our all-economy aircraft in the spring.”
Consumer rights advocates said carriers must ensure that travellers can fit in their seats.
“If the airline is unable to do so, it would be a case of involuntary denial of boarding, and I would encourage passengers to hold WestJet accountable for such incidents as a breach of contract,” claimed Air Passenger Rights president Gabor Lukacs.
“There is also a question of being able to assume ‘brace’ position that is required in the case of an emergency landing,” he added.
“WestJet is testing Canadian passengers how far we can be pushed.”
Marie-Justine Torres, press secretary for Transport Minister Steven MacKinnon, said Transport Canada ensures that cabin reconfigurations comply with safety standards “and will take appropriate action if those standards are not met.”
Comfort, passenger experience and accessibility fall under the purview of the Canadian Transportation Agency, which sets the rules around “accessible and respectful” travel, she said in an email.
“We encourage passengers to raise their concerns with WestJet.”
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Jan. 9, 2026.
Christopher Reynolds, The Canadian Press. With a file from David Baxter in Ottawa
GM hit with $6 billion in charges as EV incentives cut and emissions standards fade
The 2024 Chevrolet Silverado EV sits on display at the Chicago Auto Show, Thursday, Feb. 9, 2023, in Chicago. (AP Photo/Charles Rex Arbogast, File) (Charles Rex Arbogast)
General Motors will be hit with charges of about US$6 billion as sales of electric vehicles sputter after the U.S. cut tax incentives to buy them and also eased auto emissions standards.
Shares slid almost three per cent Friday.
The charges that will be recorded in the fourth quarter follow an announcement in October that the Detroit automaker would take a US$1.6 billion charge for the same reason in the previous quarter, with automakers forced to reconsider ambitious plans to convert their fleets to electric power.
The EV tax credit ended in September. The clean vehicle tax credit was worth US$7,500 for new EVs and up to US$4,000 for used ones.
GM, which had been the most ambitious among all U.S. automakers with plans to replace internal combustion engines, said in its filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission late Thursday that the US$6 billion in charges includes non-cash impairments and other non-cash charges of about US$1.8 billion as well as supplier commercial settlements, contract cancellation fees, and other charges of approximately US$4.2 billion.
EVs have been considered to be the future of the US automotive industry. GM announced in 2020 that it was going to invest US$27 billion in electric and autonomous vehicles over the next five years, a 35 per cent increase over plans made before the pandemic.
GM expected more than half of its factories in North America and China would be capable of making electric vehicles by 2030. It also pledged at the time to increase its investment in EV charging networks by nearly US$750 million through 2025.
Its goal was to make the vast majority of the vehicles electric by 2035, and the entire company carbon neutral five years after that.
Those plans have be shaken due to the drastic differences in economic and environmental policies between the Biden and Trump administrations.
China has become a global leader in electric vehicle technology in recent years, with factories there churning out millions of cars and laying the groundwork for a massive charging network for vehicles.
Earlier this month, Tesla was dethroned as the world’s largest EV automaker, replaced by China’s BYD, which produced 2.26 million electric vehicles last year.
Michelle Chapman, The Associated Press
SCI-FI-TEK 70 YRS IN MAKING
Chinese tokamak achieves progress in high-density operation
Experiments at China's Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak have confirmed the existence of "a density-free region" of the tokamak, finding a method to break through the density limit and providing important physical evidence for the high-density operation of magnetic confinement fusion devices.
The EAST tokamak (Image: Hefei Institutes of Physical Science)
A tokamak device is a toroidal device that uses magnetic confinement to achieve controlled nuclear fusion, resembling a spiral 'magnetic track' that locks in high-temperature plasma to achieve nuclear fusion. Plasma density is one of the key parameters of tokamak performance, directly affecting the fusion reaction rate. In the past, researchers discovered that there is a limit to plasma density, referred to as the Greenwald density limit; once this limit is reached, the plasma breaks up and escapes the magnetic field confinement, releasing enormous energy into the inner wall of the device, affecting safe operation. Through long-term research, the international fusion community has discovered that the physical process triggering the density limit occurs in the boundary region between the plasma and the inner wall of the device, but the underlying physical mechanism is not fully understood.
A team at the Institute of Plasma Physics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ASIPP) in Hefei, Anhui Province, developed a theoretical model of boundary plasma-wall interaction self-organisation (PWSO), discovering the crucial role of boundary radiation in density limit triggering and revealing the triggering mechanism of the density limit. Utilising the all-metal wall operating environment of the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) - known as the 'artificial sun' - they reduced boundary impurity sputtering by employing methods such as electron cyclotron resonance heating and pre-charged synergistic start-up, actively delaying the occurrence of the density limit and plasma breakup.
By controlling the physical conditions of the target plate, they reduced tungsten impurity-dominated physical sputtering, controlling the plasma to break through the density limit and guiding it into a new density-free region. The team said the experimental results highly agree with PWSO theoretical predictions, confirming for the first time the existence of the density-free region in a tokamak. This innovative work provides important clues for understanding the density limit and offers crucial physical evidence for high-density tokamak operation.
In the experiments, EAST achieved line-averaged electron density in the range of 1.3 to 1.65 Greenwald density limit.
"These results demonstrate the potential of a practical scheme for substantially increasing the density limit in tokamaks, which is also germane to the stellarator start-up ... the breaking of Greenwald density limit and the successful access to the density-free regime as demonstrated in this work opens a promising path advancing toward achieving the fusion ignition condition," the researchers said.
This work - the results of which were published in Science Advances - was a collaborative effort by the Institute of Plasma Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Aix-Marseille University, and was supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Project. The successful completion of this work benefited from EAST's advanced all-metal wall experimental platform and its open collaborative proposal coordination mechanism. The precise diagnostic measurements of density, temperature, radiation, and impurities developed by the EAST device in recent years, as well as the efficient electron cyclotron resonance heating method, have provided important technical support for the work in this field.
Since starting operation in 2006, EAST has been an open test platform for Chinese and international scientists to conduct fusion-related experiments and research.
Meta announces 'landmark' agreements for new nuclear
Tech giant Meta says new agreements with Vistra, TerraPower, and Oklo will support up to 6.6 GW of new and existing capacity by 2035 and, together with last year's agreement with Constellation Energy, make it one of the most significant corporate purchasers of nuclear energy in US history.
(Image: Meta)
The agreements follow a request for proposals issued by Meta in December 2024. They are:
• Vistra Corp: 20-year power purchase agreements (PPAs) for 2,176 MW of nuclear energy and capacity from the operating Perry and Davis-Besse plants in Ohio; plus the purchase of energy from uprates at those two plants and the Beaver Valley plant in Pennsylvania
• TerraPower: funding to support the development of up to eight Natrium sodium fast reactors - two new units capable of generating up to 690 MW of firm power with delivery as early as 2032, plus the rights for energy from up to six other Natrium units capable of producing 2.1 GW and targeted for delivery by 2035.
• Oklo Inc: support for a project to develop a 1.2 GW power campus in Pike County, Ohio, with Meta to prepay for power and provide funding to advance project certainty for Oklo's Aurora powerhouse deployment.
These projects will deliver power to the grids that support Meta's operations, including its Prometheus supercluster in New Albany, Ohio, Meta said.
"State-of-the-art data centres and AI infrastructure are essential to securing America's position as a global leader in AI," said Meta Chief Global Affairs Officer Joel Kaplan.
"Nuclear energy will help power our AI future, strengthen our country's energy infrastructure, and provide clean, reliable electricity for everyone. These projects are going to create thousands of skilled jobs in Ohio and Pennsylvania, add new energy to the grid, extend the life of three existing nuclear plants, and accelerate new reactor technologies."
Meta's purchases under the agreements will begin in late 2026, with additional capacity added to the grid through to 2034, when the full 2,609 MW of power will be online.
Each of the three plants has received an initial licence renewal from the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, clearing them to operate for a further 20 years beyond their initial 40-year licensing term. The power purchase agreements provide certainty for Vistra to pursue subsequent licence renewal for each of the reactors, which would extend each licence an additional 20 years, the company said. Beaver Valley 1 is currently licenced until 2036; Davis-Besse to 2037; Perry to 2046; and Beaver Valley 2 to 2047.
Vistra President and CEO Jim Burke said the "unique and exciting collaboration" will ensure the continued safe and reliable operation of the plants for "decades to come" while providing a "competitive solution" to support sustainable operations. "Importantly, this commitment from Meta provides Vistra the certainty needed to invest in these plants and communities and bring new nuclear generation online for the grid - through uprates at our existing plants."
The long-term operation of Constellation Energy's Clinton Clean Energy Center - another plant previously slated for premature closure for economic reasons until the state of Illinois enacted legislation recognising its clean energy credentials - was secured by a 20-year power purchase agreement announced in June 2025.
New generation
As the demand for reliable, scalable, and clean energy continues to rise, advanced nuclear technology has the potential to become a key part of the solution, and the latest generation of advanced nuclear reactors are ideal for supporting the USA's evolving power needs, Meta said.
The agreements with Oklo and TerraPower will help advance this next generation of energy technology, as well as providing greater business certainty, so they can raise capital to move forward with these projects, and ultimately add more energy capacity to the grid, Meta said.
TerraPower began non-nuclear construction for its first Natrium plant, in Wyoming, in June 2024, and expects construction of the plant - which it says will be the first commercial-scale, advanced nuclear project in the USA - to be complete in 2030. The first Natrium project is being developed through the US Department of Energy's Advanced Reactor Demonstration Program. The Natrium reactor is a TerraPower and GE Vernova Hitachi Nuclear Energy technology.
Meta's agreement with TerraPower supports the early development activities for two new Natrium units with rights for energy provided to Meta for up to six additional Natrium units. Covering up to 2.8 GW of baseload energy generation capacity and an additional 1.2 GW of built-in storage, Meta said this is its largest support of advanced nuclear technologies to date.
The agreement with Meta is designed to support the rapid deployment of the Natrium technology, TerraPower President and CEO Chris Levesque said. "With our first Natrium plant under development, we have completed our design, established our supply chain, and cleared key regulatory milestones. These successes mean our TerraPower team is well-positioned to deliver on this historic multi-unit delivery agreement."
Ohio campus
Oklo's sodium-cooled Aurora powerhouse is a fast-neutron reactor that uses heat pipes to transport heat from the reactor core to a supercritical carbon dioxide power conversion system to generate electricity. Meta's agreement with the company will advance the development of an entirely new advanced nuclear technology campus in Pike County, Ohio, which may come online as early as 2030.
"Two years ago, Oklo shared its vision to build a new generation of advanced reactors in Ohio. Today, that vision is becoming a reality. We have finalised the purchase of over 200 acres in Pike County and are excited to announce this agreement in support of a multi-year effort with Meta to deliver clean energy and create long-term, high-quality jobs in Ohio," Oklo's co-founder and CEO Jacob DeWitte said. "Meta's funding commitment in support of early procurement and development activity is a major step in moving advanced nuclear forward."
Pre-construction and site characterisation are scheduled to begin in 2026, with the first phase targeted to come online as early as 2030, Oklo said. The plans for the scalable powerhouse facility are expected to expand incrementally to deliver up to the full target of 1.2 GW by 2034.
"For more than a decade, we've worked with innovative partners to back clean energy projects that support the grid - adding nearly 28 GW of new energy to grids across 27 states. We're proud to include Oklo, TerraPower, and Vistra on that list and support their work to boost America's energy leadership," Meta said.
Muroosystems expands nuclear cooperation in Central Asia
Japan's Muroosystems Corporation has signed a memorandum of understanding with UzAtom, Uzbekistan's nuclear development agency, for cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy. The focus of this cooperation is on nuclear safety, regulatory support, technical consulting, and owner's engineering services for nuclear projects.
(Image: UzAtom)
Nukem Technologies Engineering Services GmbH - a German subsidiary of Muroosystems - will provide technical consulting services and assessments in accordance with internationally recognised best practices and the requirements of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
Muroosystems said it was supporting a pioneering data centre project in Uzbekistan based on the use of small modular reactors (SMRs), which explores the integration of SMR technology with digital infrastructure. The project is designed for a power demand of about 50 MWe, which is to be fully met by SMR-based power generation. By combining nuclear energy and digital infrastructure, the project aims to create a stable and predictable power supply for data centres while simultaneously enabling the efficient use of nuclear power generation capacity.
"This makes the project the first of its kind in the world and sets a new standard for high-energy IT facilities," UzAtom said. "The project will create opportunities for the development of sustainable digital solutions, increasing the reliability of energy supply, and introducing innovative models of nuclear energy use. The initiative demonstrates the potential of small modular reactors as an efficient and reliable source of electricity for high-load technological facilities. The cooperation between UzAtom and Muroosystems Corporation reflects the high level of international technological partnership and creates a solid foundation for the further development and expansion of similar projects."
"The project demonstrates a new model for linking energy infrastructure and digital development and highlights the flexible application potential of SMRs for energy-intensive facilities," said Nukem, which is contributing technical reviews and safety-oriented engineering expertise.
The MoU between Muroosystems and UzAtom was signed during the first Central Asia–Japan Summit of Heads of State, held in Tokyo in December.
During the same event, Muroosystems also signed an MoU with Kazakhstan's National Nuclear Centre for cooperation in the peaceful use of nuclear energy and the disposal of radioactive waste. Nukem will provide technical assessments, engineering assistance, and expert advice.
"This collaboration in Central Asia goes far beyond individual projects," said Nukem President Thomas Seipolt. "It represents a long-term partnership for the further development of nuclear energy and energy systems in a safe, transparent, and internationally coordinated manner. As an independent engineering company, NUKEM strives to deliver technically sound solutions in accordance with IAEA standards and to contribute responsibly to the development of sustainable energy systems for future generations. Together with our parent company, Muroosystems, we are bringing our combined expertise in SMR technologies and intelligent data centre concepts to the region."
Nukem CEO Nobuaki Ninomiya added: "The collaboration between Japan, Germany, and the Central Asian states – especially Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan – is a strong sign of international partnership based on technology, trust, and shared values. As the owner's engineer, NUKEM ensures strict adherence to the respective regulatory frameworks, taking into account the specific needs of each country to implement practical and sustainable energy solutions. At the same time, we are bringing the expertise of our parent company, Muroosystems, to Central Asia, particularly in the integration of nuclear energy and AI-powered data centres, thereby contributing to the development of a resilient long-term energy infrastructure in the region."
Tokyo-based IT company Muroosystems completed its acquisition of Nukem - which specialises in decommissioning, waste management and engineering services - in October 2024.
Slovakia selects Rothschild & Co to advise on new nuclear financing
The Slovak Republic has chosen Rothschild & Co after a competitive selection process for a financial advisor for its proposed new nuclear project.
(Image: Javys)
The Slovak government officially approved plans in May 2024 for a 1.2 GWe unit near the existing Bohunice nuclear power plant. And in September 2025 ministers approved wording for a proposed intergovernmental agreement with the USA "on the construction of a new nuclear unit ... which will be state-owned and will have an output of more than 1,000 MW".
State-owned Javys said: "It is a project with a preliminary investment framework of several billion euros, a long construction period and a lifespan exceeding several decades, while the financing conditions will have a decisive impact on its total costs. The preparation of the project is therefore entering the next phase, the aim of which is to set an optimal and long-term sustainable financing model."
It said three bidders had taken part, with the financial contract valued at EUR13.9 million (USD16.17 million), excluding VAT.
Under the contract, Rothschild & Co will provide the state with professional support, "particularly in preparing and defending the financial structure of the project in European Union state aid processes, in applying proven solutions from large nuclear projects, as well as in preparing the project for a smooth transition to the financing and implementation phase".
Rothschild & Co has experience in preparing such projects, including work relating to the UK’s Sizewell C and the Czech Republic's new nuclear projects.
Javys said: "From the perspective of the Slovak Republic, this partnership strengthens the state's position in negotiations with the European Commission and potential domestic and international financial partners. It brings a higher level of transparency, clarity and predictability of long-term costs and enables responsible risk sharing. Slovakia will thus enter the next phase of the project prepared, with high-quality analyses, documentation and financial structures necessary for the successful implementation of the strategic goal in the field of energy."
Slovakia currently has five nuclear reactors - three at Mochovce and two at Bohunice - generating half of its electricity, and it has one more at Mochovce under construction. Both plants are operated by Slovenske Elektrarne.
Bulk sample programme begins at Tony M mine
The programme will see the extraction of up to 2000 tons of mineralised material to generate real-world mining, processing, and cost data, and is a "decision gate" towards a potential restart decision for IsoEnergy's past-producing uranium mine.
A scooptram working underground at Tony M (Image: IsoEnergy)
The programme, which began in late December, will run over 12-14 weeks, using contract mining services provided by Nevada company GenX Mining Contractors. Mineralised material recovered during the programme will be transported to the White Mesa Mill in Utah, owned by Energy Fuels Inc, for processing. The aim is to collect key technical, operational, and economic data required as one of the steps to support a potential production restart decision at what IsoEnergy describes as one of the few fully permitted, past-producing conventional uranium mines in the USA.
IsoEnergy Director and CEO Philip Williams described the bulk sample as a major milestone for the project. "This programme is designed to generate the real-world data we need to evaluate a potential full scale production restart under current market conditions. With permitting, infrastructure, and toll milling already in place, Tony M has the potential to be among the next conventional uranium mines in the US to return to production as demand for secure domestic supply continues to grow," he said.
Tony M is is about 66 miles (107 km) from the town of Blanding and 127 miles west of the White Mesa mill. It produced nearly one million pounds of U3O8 during two different periods of operation from 1979-1984, under Plateau Resources, and from 2007-2008, under Denison Mines Corp. It was acquired by IsoEnergy through a share-for-share merger with Consolidated Uranium Inc in 2023, and the company says it has been maintained in a "ready state". Its current NI 43-101 mineral resource estimates are 6.606 million pounds U3O8 (2541 tU) of indicated resources and 2.218 million pounds U3O8 in the inferred resources category.
First mobile sorption unit launched by Rosatom
The construction and installation of the first mobile sorption unit at the Verkhne-Uksyanskaya deposit of the Dalmatovskoye uranium deposit is aimed at ensuring optimised uranium production, Rosatom says.
(Image: Rosatom)
The mobile sorption unit, installed by Rosatom mining division company JSC Dalur, consists of container-type modules including mobile sorption columns, solution and sorbent tanks and an electrical substation and control room.
It can be relocated between sites rapidly and is focused on remote areas, with Rosatom saying its main advantages are "mobility, rapid commissioning, and a significant reduction in capital expenditures compared with traditional stationary facilities".
Dalur was the first company in Russia to mine uranium using the in-situ recovery (ISR) method - also known as in-situ leaching (ISL). It involves minerals being recovered from ore in the ground by dissolving them in situ, using a mining solution injected into the orebody.
The solution is then pumped to the surface, where the minerals are recovered from the uranium-bearing solution. More than half of the world's uranium production is now produced by such methods.
Rosatom described it as the most environmentally-friendly mining method and said it had been developed by Dalur in collaboration with other mining division companies - it was tested at the deposits of JSC Khiagda, in the Republic of Buryatia.
Dinis Ezhurov, CEO of JSC Dalur, said: "We are optimising mining processes by maximising startup, eliminating time-consuming and costly stages of design documentation preparation and the construction of expensive deep foundations. This not only improves production and economic performance but also sets modern standards for uranium mining using the in-situ leaching method."
Dalur is currently in the process of commissioning the new uranium deposit, "testing the facility, connecting the wells and constructing associated infrastructure", and aims to begin mining in the first half of 2026
A German study argues that a renewables-dominated grid can fully decarbonize power systems within 20 years.
Large-scale renewables would undermine the economics of base-load power generation, making new fossil, nuclear, and even existing base-load plants increasingly uneconomic and at risk of becoming stranded assets.
The findings suggest renewables will not only meet new electricity demand but replace legacy generation,
US power markets are still underestimating the economically disruptive role of renewables in power generation. According to a German study released last week (Weidlich, et al, 2025 “Base load power plants are not essential for future power systems”, Cell Reports Physical Sciences), their next target or victim could be base load power generation itself. This multi-authored study by German academics was tasked with answering a big question: could the German economy decarbonize in twenty years relying solely on incremental investment in renewables? Their answer was a definite “yes—assuming some other stuff happens and you’re willing to assume some consequences like “stranded assets”. The fact that a high level group of almost two dozen academics could theoretically design a future power system that’s fully decarbonized in twenty years doesn’t strike us as all that amazing. However, they also provided a broad investment framework for thinking about the integration and implications of a renewables-dominant grid.
The study claimed that providing a fully functioning, fully decarbonized power grid had four components: 1) most obviously, a big expansion in renewable investments (solar/wind), 2) a robust and flexible grid (more transmission to move power), 3) diverse short and long duration battery storage options, and 4) demand side flexibility. There is nothing revolutionary or dramatic in the above list. Build more renewables and transmission? OK. More batteries for addressing off peak needs? Sure. And greater use of demand side management? With the proliferation of large commercial loads like data centers, it becomes a lot easier to find or negotiate flexible terms with large, sophisticated power users.
But there is always something. Constructing a decarbonized grid like the one envisioned literally destroys the economics for all their base load power plants. Even worse, literally all new power generating technologies — fossil, nuclear, and geothermal — would be economically undercut by greater penetration of renewables and demand flexibility. Why? Because all the deployment of solar and other resources, being discussed here, could provide all power needs much more cheaply (and more cleanly). Nothing else would be able to compete. Even though there are likely to be gaps in generation needed, say during off peak hours, the meager revenues these are likely to provide won’t support the expense of maintaining a large base load power plants. At this point, this is no longer an academic exercise. The study’s conclusion seems pretty straightforward. Large-scale renewable deployment will destroy the economics of base load power generation, which, obviously, would have major implications for future capital allocation and stranded asset exposure for the power generation sector. And we see no reason why this economic logic does not apply in other Western economies.
For those of us on this beat for a while, none of this is a surprise. Renewables like wind and solar always win the economic battle in power generation. Always. They have almost zero operating expenses. Conventional fossil-fired facilities, by contrast, pay enormous sums for fuel every year of operation, and for this reason, they can’t compete. Solar power is produced from a chemical reaction. And the technology keeps improving and getting cheaper or more productive. Fossil-fueled technology is not getting cheaper while fuel costs, especially gas, remain volatile. The German study concluded that gas-fired power plants were closest to offering some prospective economic grid value, but new nuclear plants, both big and small, were so expensive as to be irrelevant in this grid planning context.
The financially interesting question is whether our recently completed fleet of new base load power generating facilities is already on its way to becoming extinct, so-called “stranded assets”, that is stranded economically by a superior (i.e cheaper) power producing technology. We see this as a matter of tipping points. Once or if renewables -plus- batteries erode power market economics beyond a certain point, large expensive base load lower stations could become economically unstable. So the conclusion of the German grid decarbonization study is that yes, we can construct and operate a decarbonized grid, but that will financially kill all our base load power plants. In their own words:
“System level modeling for Europe shows that the question is not whether new base load plants are essential for a secure, net, zero grid—they are not. The defining question is whether they can become economical in a system dominated by low-cost renewables.“
And note the wording, whether a new base load plant “can become economical”, which implies to us that they are already out of the money. And the study points to one more conclusion. We always assumed that renewables would pick up a large percentage of incremental electricity demand. This study implies that renewables will not only pick up incremental demand but also replace legacy equipment, which, over two decades, would double or triple demand for renewable energy assets. Finally, this is all about economics.
By Leonard Hyman and William Tilles for Oilprice.com
Tidal energy’s predictability and high capacity factors are helping overcome long-standing investor and regulatory skepticism.
Europe, led by the U.K. and Scotland, remains the global hub for commercial tidal power development.
Successful long-running projects are accelerating plans for large-scale expansion and new installations later this decade.
Tidal energy is gradually growing in popularity as companies worldwide invest in innovative clean energy solutions in the pursuit of a green transition. Unlike solar and wind energy, tidal power is highly reliable. In the past, the slow uptake of tidal power technology has made some companies wary of investing in new projects, meaning we are still in the early days of commercial tidal turbine development. However, several success stories in recent years have encouraged greater investment in the sector, with several projects planned for 2026.
Tidal power is a form of renewable energy that uses the tides to generate electricity. There are several types of tidal energy. The first is tidal power, which relies on the rise and fall of the tide, using the movement of water to produce electricity. Second is wave power, which uses the movement of the waves for the same purpose. Third is current power, which uses the kinetic energy of marine currents. And, fourth is thermal gradient or ocean thermal energy conversion, which relies on the temperature difference between surface waters and deeper waters. Tidal energy is becoming increasingly popular, as it allows operators to produce clean power, and it is highly reliable thanks to the predictability of the tides.
In December, the market research firm DataM Intelligence published a report that forecast the wave and tidal energy market to grow to $1.85 billion by 2032, from $983.11 million in 2024, expanding at a CAGR of 8.23 percent between 2025 and 2032.
The increased rollout of tidal energy is expected to boost grid reliability in several regions of the world, thanks to the predictable generation cycles, which are known years in advance. This helps utilities to manage the advanced planning of grid power. In addition, as coastal nations prioritise domestic energy security, several countries are looking to reduce dependence on both foreign energy and fossil fuels. Tidal power offers localised clean energy generation, which could help reduce dependence on long-distance transmission.
The report states that tidal energy systems contributed around 58 percent of the global market in 2024, or around $570 million. This is most likely because tidal energy systems are viewed as more predictable and having higher capacity factors and lower technology risks, compared to wave energy, making them more reliable for utilities. However, DataM Intelligence suggested that wave energy systems are expected to grow in popularity after 2028 as the technology improves.
The company stated, “Tidal energy systems will remain the primary commercial driver through 2031, while wave energy will play a critical role in long-term market expansion and technology diversification.”
At present, Europe leads the world in tidal power capacity, with favourable regulatory frameworks and offshore engineering expertise in the U.K., France, Norway, and Portugal encouraging development. Some of the most powerful tidal turbines are in Scotland, which has become a hub for tidal power projects thanks to the extensive expertise in a region that is well-known for its oil and gas operations, as well as major offshore wind projects.
In 2025, one Scottish project achieved a major milestone after more than six years of operation. The MeyGen tidal energy project consists of four tidal turbines submerged around 40 metres under water, which produce around now 1.5 MW of power each and can now collectively power around 7,000 homes a year.
For years, regulators and energy companies have been sceptical about whether tidal turbines can operate effectively in the long-term. Many did not believe that the turbines would be able to endure the harsh conditions of the seawater. Andrea Copping, an expert in marine renewable energy development, explained, “Sceptics, and that includes investors, of course and governments, said, ‘How on Earth are you going to operate these things, especially for any length of time in this very tough environment?’ And that’s what I think [MeyGen] proved.”
The firm’s turbines are located in the Inner Sound of the Pentland Firth, a narrow channel between the Scottish mainland and Stroma Island known for strong tidal currents. Tidal power systems require strong currents to efficiently generate electricity, which makes for harsh conditions. MeyGen now plans to add 20 turbines to the project by 2030, once upgrades to the grid are completed.
Meanwhile, the architect of the London Eye, Julia Barfield, wants to expand tidal power further in the U.K., with a $14.9 billion plan to develop a vast tidal power station in a 14-mile arc off the coast of Somerset, in the south of England. Barfield believes that new tidal power systems could provide a clean way to meet the country’s growing energy demand. The CEO of the consortium managing the project stated, “We have got people who want to fund it, but they will only do so if the government is supportive.”
Tidal power is beginning to take off in various parts of the world, particularly across Europe. Greater investment in technology and expansion is expected to support the wider commercial rollout of tidal and wave power production over the coming decades, as several new projects show positive results.
By Felicity Bradstock for Oilprice.com
U.S. Senators Target Big Tech as Data Centers Drive Utility Rates Higher
Lawmakers are investigating whether AI companies are offloading massive energy infrastructure costs onto residential utility customers.
Data centers are responsible for the majority of projected electricity load growth in several U.S. states, driving steep price increases.
Existing utility rate structures and power grids were not designed for single customers with city-scale electricity demand.
For months, anger has been building in the communities that are involuntarily footing the bill for the AI boom. As data center clusters pop up around the globe to feed AI’s massive and growing computational needs, nearby communities are seeing their utility bills skyrocket, even if they themselves don’t benefit from the sector at all. And now, in the United States, the backlash against data centers’ resource consumption – and its impact on consumers’ bottom line – has spilled out of the bounds of local politics and landed in the Senate.
A consortium of U.S. senators – including Senators Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), and Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.) – is opening a probe into Big Tech practices that offload the cost of operating data centers onto the communities that host them. In open letters written to seven AI companies, the senators pushed for accountability and transparency, citing a study that found “electricity prices have increased by as much as 267 percent in the past five years” in “areas located near significant data center activity.”
While the probe is being led by Democrats, there has been a rare bipartisan groundswell over the issue in the states where data centers are concentrated. The Institute for Energy Economics and Financial Analysis reports that in Virginia, South Carolina and Georgia, “data centers are responsible for 65% to more than 85% of projected load growth” for utilities.
Due to this intense demand growth, major utilities in these states, plus North Carolina, project that they will collectively add 32,600 MW of electrical load over the next 15 years. And it’s consumers – of energy, not necessarily of AI – who will have to pay the price for all of that additional demand. It’s estimated that Virginians can expect average electricity prices to increase by another 25 percent by 2030.
"We are witnessing a massive transfer of wealth from residential utility customers to large corporations—data centers and large utilities and their corporate parents, which profit from building additional energy infrastructure," Maryland People's Counsel David Lapp told Business Insider earlier this year. "Utility regulation is failing to protect residential customers, contributing to an energy affordability crisis.”
And the terms behind that transfer of responsibility are extremely opaque, as is typical for the AI sector. In the Senators’ letter to AI companies, they blast these firms for operating in the shadows against public interest. The letter notes that AI firms “ask public officials to sign non-disclosure agreements (NDAs) preventing them from sharing information with their constituents, operate through what appear to be shell companies to mask the real owner of the data center, and require that landowners sign NDAs as part of the land sale while telling them only that a ‘Fortune 100 company’ is planning an ‘industrial development’ seemingly in an attempt to hide the very existence of the data center,” senators wrote.
In many ways, the country – and the world – simply is not prepared for the scale of the AI boom, and all of the resources and regulations that it will require. There are serious concerns about whether ageing power grids can keep up with demand, and whether energy output can keep up with surging demand. Plus, the way that our systems are designed simply never saw this coming.
As the senators express in their letter, “the current, socialized model of electricity ratepaying” in which costs are shared by all grid users, “was not designed for an era where just one customer requires the same amount of electricity as some of the largest cities in America.”
By Haley Zaremba for Oilprice.com
Why the U.S. and China Are Taking Opposite Sides in the Energy Transition
The global energy landscape is increasingly polarized between "petrostates" prioritizing fossil fuels (like the US, Saudi Arabia, and Russia) and "electrostates" pursuing electrification and clean energy (like China and Europe).
The emergence of artificial intelligence is heightening this division by creating enormous, urgent new demands for energy security that force nations to reconsider their energy plans.
While a "just transition" off fossil fuels presents short-term economic and employment challenges for petrostates that rely on oil, gas, and coal revenue, global economic reality shows that renewable energy is increasingly becoming the more economical option.
Global economies are increasingly splitting into two opposing camps when it comes to energy policy. While many nations are moving toward electrification and installing record-breaking amounts of clean energy capacity, other nations – most notably the United States, the world’s biggest economy – are installing more fossil fuels than ever before. Put simply, the future of the global energy balance now depends on the results of a high-stakes battle between petro-states and electro-states.
The emergence of artificial intelligence is only raising the stakes. The runaway energy demand of the tech sector is pushing nations around the globe to reconsider their energy plans and priorities, as energy security becomes an increasingly urgent concern. “With AI emerging as the central arena for great power completion, which model will work best at providing the power the new technologies need?” asked a recent op-ed for Wood Mackenzie.
But that doesn’t mean that the United States is silent on the direction that energy policy should take on the global stage going forward. Indeed, the Trump administration has been kicking in its tactical efforts to strong-arm other nations into pivoting away from clean energy planning and back toward fossil fuel development.
For many nations, the idea of sticking to a fossil-fuel-powered agenda is a tempting one. Many countries rely on coal, oil, and gas for a significant portion of their revenues, and a clean energy agenda presents a bumpy road for economic development in the short term. For nations that rely on fossil fuel industries for the majority of their revenue and as a jobs-producer for their public, designing a ‘just transition’ is a tall and expensive order, and it’s not clear where that funding will come from.
However, many of those same nations stand to suffer the most from a changing climate. Nigeria, for example, derives between 80 percent and 90 percent of total government revenue and foreign exchange earnings from oil exports. But Africa also stands to lose the most from rising temperatures, and has enormous potential for clean energy buildout thanks to abundant sunshine, among other natural resource riches.
And, on a global level, it’s increasingly apparent that renewables are simply too cheap to fail. “Over the past three decades, advances in technology and a maturing development ecosystem have made renewable energy projects more economical, less risky, and increasingly rewarding for landowners,” reads a recent Yale Insights article. This is particularly true in many developing economies, such as Pakistan, where residential solar offers a critical opportunity for affordable and reliable electricity in rural and off-grid areas.
“Yet,” hedges Yale Insights, “as the [renewable energy] industry has grown more mainstream, it has also become more politicized, adding new challenges to an otherwise thriving sector.” In many cases, it’s difficult to tell where economic realities end and political battle of the wills begins.
“The global energy order is entering a period of profound realignment,” states a 2025 article from The National Interest. “Three fossil-fuel giants (or PetroStates)—the United States, Saudi Arabia, and Russia—are consolidating influence, even as China, the emerging ElectroState, pursues a divergent technological trajectory more aligned with Europe’s green ambitions. The result may be a volatile, asymmetric contest for energy dominance, pitting hydrocarbons against electrons and defining the energy and geopolitical landscape of the next decade.”