‘Cooped-up’ millennial traders have sparked a new pandemic — it won’t end well, warns Princeton economist

Published: June 17, 2020 By Shawn Langlois

There's a whole new breed of trader out there. GETTY

‘Don’t confuse day traders with serious investors. Serious investing involves broad diversification, rebalancing, active tax management, avoiding market timing, staying the course, and the use of investment instruments such as ETFs with very low fees... Don’t be misled with false claims of easy profits from day trading.’

That’s Burton G. Malkiel, Princeton economist and Wealthfront’s Chief Investment Officer, sharing his thoughts Wednesday on what he describes as “the day-trading pandemic.”

Malkiel, who wrote the widely read investment book, “A Random Walk Down Wall Street,” blamed a sudden surge of inexperienced traders on the new reality facing the younger generation.

“The coronavirus has wrought devastating harm to the health of our nation and to the vibrancy of our economy,” he wrote. “With respect to financial markets, it has also given rise to a full-blown mania. Individuals, cooped up at home, working remotely on flexible schedules, with no social activities and no live sports to watch and bet on, have increasingly turned to day trading in the stock market.”

Malkiel explained that millennials and members of Gen Z, lured in by low-cost fintech firms like Robinhood, have led to the extreme volatility in stock prices. He cited two of the most popular stocks on Robinhood’s trading platform as examples of the kind of risk that these traders are fine with taking: FANGDD Network Group DUO, -1.86% , a Chinese online real-estate company, and Hertz HTZ, +2.56% , the bankrupt rental-car giant. Both have been all over the map.


Billionaire Leon Cooperman agrees with Malkiel’s stance. The “Robinhood markets are going to end in tears,” he said during CNBC’s show “Halftime Report” on Monday.


Lately, mom-and-pop investors have outperformed pros like Cooperman and mutual funds, according to a research report from Goldman Sachs GS, -1.62% .


But how long can that last?

Malkiel cited several longer-range studies that show how poorly these active traders tend to do in the stock market. One from the University of California showed that individual traders on the Charles Schwab trading platform substantially underperformed the market over a six-year period. In fact, the more they traded during the period, the more they lagged the index funds.

A more recent study out of Brazil showed that only 3% of day traders actually managed to turn a profit, and less than 1% made more than the Brazilian minimum wage.

Read: Trader commits suicide after racking up more than $700,000 in debt

“I have no argument with those who like to gamble,” Malkiel wrote. “But legions of new day traders have poured new money into stocks without a care for the risks involved, clearly unaware of Buffett’s maxim that ‘It’s only when the tide goes out that you learn who’s been swimming naked.’”

At last check Wednesday, stocks were looking at another positive trading session following the prior week’s freefall, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average DJIA, -0.64% , S&P 500 SPX, -0.36% and tech-heavy Nasdaq Composite COMP, +0.14% all inching higher.

Alcoa Corp. AA, said Wednesday that it plans to begin on June 25 a formal process at its San Ciprian aluminum facility in Spain that could lead to up to 534 jobs being cut. 

The company said it had started in May talks with the workers' representatives regarding the "significant and unsustainable circumstances" at the plant. Alcoa said the aluminum smelter has suffered "significant and recurring financial losses," which the company expects to continue. 

The alumina refinery at San Ciprian is not affected by the restructuring. 

The stock, which was indicated up fractionally in premarket trading, has rallied 65.0% over the past three months, while the S&P 500 SPX, -0.36% has climbed 23.6%.

HEY HEY USA

HOW MANY AMERICANS

DID TRUMP KILL TODAY

Coronavirus update: U.S. death toll edges above 117,000; Oklahoma is one of 9 states that are still setting case records

Published: June 17, 2020 By Ciara Linnane

U.S. Steel warns of greater-than-expected loss, while mattress maker Tempur Sealy says orders rebounded in May and June


Photo: Timothy Clary, AFP GETTY IMAGES

The U.S. death toll from the coronavirus illness COVID-19 climbed above 117,000 on Wednesday, amid reports that nine states are recording either single day record numbers of cases or their highest seven-day new case averages, indicating they are not managing to contain the spread.

Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Nevada, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina and Texas are seeing infections climb, according to a Washington Post analysis. The news comes a day after Vice President Mike Pence said in a Wall Street Journal op-ed that worries about a second wave of cases later in the year were “overblown” and due to the media trying to scare Americans.
His comments were dismissed by health care experts, who continue to urge people to wear face masks, wash their hands frequently and socially distance to avoid further economic hardship and unnecessary deaths.

“Dr. Pence would not be someone I’d go to for a medical checkup, or for medical advice,” said Chuck Schumer, the Senate Democratic minority leader

Dr. Anthony Fauci, head of the National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases, said he would not be attending the rally in Tusla, Oklahoma planned for Saturday by President Donald Trump, telling the Daily Beast that he is in the high-risk category given he is 79 years old.

Fauci also said the current talk of a second wave of infections is redundant as the U.S. is still dealing with the first wave. “We are seeing infections to a greater degree than they had previously seen in certain states, including states in the southwest and in the south,” Fauci said. “I don’t like to talk about a second wave right now, because we haven’t gotten out of our first wave.”
See also:‘We’re still in a first wave,’ Fauci says, noting precautions can prevent second wave of coronavirus

Fauci said he is nervous about states that are reopening aggressively, especially when he sees images on TV of people gathering closely in bars with no masks. Regarding the Tulsa rally, he said outside is better than inside, no crowd is better than a crowd, and a crowd is “better than big crowd.”

The Trump campaign is planning to hold the rally indoors in a 19,000-seat arena, that has canceled all other events through the end of July. The campaign has acknowledged the risk of infection by insisting that those who attend sign legal waivers absolving Trump and his staff of any blame, if people get sick or are injured.

The virus is spread by droplets of moisture that are released when people cough, sing or shout and it moves rapidly in indoor spaces. Trump rallies tend to include a lot of cheering, shouting and chanting. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released its guidelines for reopening safely on Friday, and identified the highest risk of spreading the virus as stemming from, “large in-person gatherings where it is difficult for individuals to remain spaced at least 6 feet apart and attendees travel from outside the local area.”


See:Considerations for Daily Life and Considerations for Events and Gatherings

A group of Tulsa city residents and business owners filed a suit seeking to bar Trump from hosting the rally, but their suit was denied by a judge, according to media reports.

Read:There’s a one-in-three chance of a ‘massive’ disaster that could be worse than COVID-19, says Deutsche Bank
Latest tallies

There are now 8.3 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 worldwide and at least 445,468 people have died, according to data aggregated by Johns Hopkins University. At least 4.0 million people have recovered.
The U.S. has the highest case tally in the world at 2.15 million and the highest death toll at 117,290.

Brazil is second with 923,189 cases and 45,241 deaths. The U.K. has 300,715 cases and 42,238 fatalities, the highest in Europe and the third highest in the world.

A chart published Wednesday by Our World in Data was the subject of social media buzz, as it showed the difference in the rolling three-day average of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the European Union and the U.S.

EU countries moved faster to enforce restrictions on movement when the pandemic first created hot spots in Spain and Italy and has made far greater progress in flattening its infection curve than the U.S. The EU has a population of 446 million, compared with the U.S. population of about 330 million.

China, where the illness was first reported late last year, is introducing further restrictions on movement in Beijing, a city of about 21.5 million, after a fresh cluster of cases that is understood to be linked to a wholesale food market. Officials have barred unessential travel, canceled hundreds of flights and suspended schools, the Guardian reported.

Health authorities reported 31 new cases of COVID-19 as of Tuesday, bringing the total number of new infections to 137 in just six days. The outbreak could cause more disruption than the initial one in the city of Wuhan, which has a population of 11 million.

See: Beijing cancels 60% of flights to contain fresh coronavirus outbreaks: report

“A lockdown of Beijing would be a Wuhan on steroids, being a governmental and commercial centre of China, and much more massive on any measure then Wuhan,” said Jeffrey Halley, senior market analyst, Asia Pacific, at foreign exchange services company OANDA. “The economic implications would be profound in China, and by default, the rest of Asia.”

See: Coronavirus tally: Global cases of COVID-19 at 8.19 million, 444,076 deaths and 6 U.S. states see record new cases

What’s the economy saying?

There was good news for the housing market on Wednesday in numbers from the Commerce Department, showing construction of new houses rose 4.3% in May. Housing starts climbed to an annual rate of 974,000 last month from a five-year low of 934,000 in April, to mark the first increase since January. Construction rose as the reopening U.S. economy and ultra-low mortgage rates drew buyers and spurred builders to speed up work.

Economists polled by MarketWatch forecasted starts to rise to a 1.13 million rate. That’s how many new homes would be built in a year if the level of construction was the same each month.

Although the increase was less than expected, a sharp rise in builder permits indicates construction is on track to expand more rapidly soon. Permits to build new houses jumped 14.4 % to a 1.22 million annual pace.

Read also: Retail sales surge a record 17.7% in May, but coronavirus wounds still visible

“We aren’t much bothered about the undershoot in starts,” wrote chief economist Ian Shepherdson of Pantheon Macroeconomics. “The outlook is very positive, given the astonishing surge in mortgage demand.”

Not everyone was sanguine.

“Interest rates are going to stay low for a long time, but they are staying that way because of record numbers of unemployed. And that will be the biggest constraint on stronger housing activity,” said senior economist Jennifer Lee of BMO Capital Markets.

What are companies saying?

U.S. Steel Corp. X, -10.41% disappointed investors with the news that its second-quarter losses would be much worse than expected after a “significant” portion” of steelmaking operations have been idled during the quarter as a result of the pandemic.

The company reiterated its view that the second quarter will mark the bottom for the year, with demand starting to show improvement in June.

Results for the company’s flat-rolled business are expected to be “significantly lower” than the first quarter as a result of the pandemic, but demand has begun improving. The tubular business remains “challenged,” however, with demand for welded and seamless pipe declining significantly, as rig counts continue to decline and oil prices remain low.

There was better news from mattress company Tempur Sealy International Inc. TPX, +5.10% , which reported a strong rebound in orders in May and early June after a “very difficult” April.

See: COVID-19 will force older workers into early retirement

“This has been a very difficult period to forecast as shelter-in-place orders and other COVID-19 related issues impact the bedding market,” Chief Executive Scott Thompson said in a statement. “But there is no question that post-April order trends have been strong.”

The improvement has been broad-based across geographies, driving by improvements in the wholesale channel and robust growth in e-commerce, he said.

Elsewhere, companies rushed to issue debt mostly in the form of bonds, continuing a trend seen for months as they seek to bolster liquidity during the downturn.

Here are the latest things companies have said about COVID-19:

• Abercrombie & Fitch Co. ANF, -7.63% is planning to offer up to $300 million of senior secured notes that mature in 2025. Proceeds will be used to repay an existing senior secured term loan facility, to repay part of the outstanding borrowings under its Amended ABL Facility to pay fees.

• Alcoa Corp. AA, is planning to begin on June 25 a formal process at its San Ciprian aluminum facility in Spain that could lead to up to 534 jobs being cut. The company started in May talks with the workers’ representatives regarding the “significant and unsustainable circumstances” at the plant. The aluminum smelter has suffered “significant and recurring financial losses,” which the company expects to continue. The alumina refinery at San Ciprian is not affected by the restructuring.

• Chembio Diagnostic System Inc. shares CEMI, -60.82% tumbled after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) revoked an emergency use authorization for its antibody test. An antibody test doesn’t test for a current COVID-19 infection; it instead assesses whether an individual has been exposed or been previously infected with the virus. The FDA has concerns about the accuracy of the test, which was one of the first serologic tests to receive emergency authorization during the COVID-19 pandemic, on April 14. The test reportedly generates “higher than expected” false results.” The company previously said it plans to distribute the test in the U.S. and abroad, and it had announced a public offering in May to raise about $27.5 million, saying it would use proceeds in part to support the manufacturing and commercialization of the test.

Read:Why do so many Americans refuse to wear face masks? Politics is part of it — but only part

US Black Small-Business Owners Left Out of PPP Fight to Stay Afloat
   
Black small-business owners have faced hurdles accessing the Paycheck Protection Program. Here’s how the African-American owners of Mahogany Books in Washington, D.C., have kept their small business afloat.
 Photo: Zach Wood for The Wall Street Journal

BILL BARR'S BUCCANEERS 

Justice Department proposes limiting internet companies’ protections

Action follows Trump’s executive order seeking to weaken broad immunity enjoyed by Facebook, Twitter and other platforms

Published: June 17, 2020 By Brent Kendall and John D. McKinnon

BLOOMBERG NEWS/LANDOV
The Justice Department proposed a rollback of legal protections that online platforms have enjoyed for more than two decades, in an effort to make tech companies more responsible in how they police their content.

The department’s changes, unveiled Wednesday, are designed to spur online platforms to be more aggressive in addressing illicit and harmful conduct on their sites, and to be fairer and more consistent in their decisions to take down content they find objectionable, a Trump administration official said.

The Justice Department proposal is a legislative plan that would have to be adopted by Congress.

The move represents an escalation in the continuing clash between the Trump administration and big tech firms such as Twitter Inc. TWTR, -0.83%, Alphabet Inc.’s Google GOOG, +0.58% GOOGL, +0.42% unit and Facebook Inc. FB, -0.05%.


An expanded version of this report appears at WSJ.com.

THE DEMENTED RODENT RETURNS

‘More police officers are shot and killed by blacks than police officers kill African-Americans,’ claims former New York Mayor Giuliani

"TRUTH IS NOT TRUE"

‘I think logically, 99%, if not more, of the police contact with the public is appropriate,’ Giuliani says

THE BIGGEST RAT IN NEW YORK CITY 


Rudy Giuliani in a ‘Fox News’ appearance. FOX NEWS/YOUTUBE
‘More police officers are shot and killed by blacks than police officers kill African-Americans.’

That’s former New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani offering his perspective to Fox News on rising concerns that police disproportionately kill black Americans.

“The unarmed shootings — which are the ones that are the troublesome ones — there are only 9 of them against blacks — 20 against whites in 2019. So that‘ll give you a sense. Meanwhile, there were 9,000 murders of blacks, 7,500 of which were black-on-black,” Giuliani told Fox’s Ed Henry during a recent interview.

The comments come as President Donald Trump on Tuesday signed an executive order calling on police departments to adopt stricter use-of-force standards and create a database to track officer misconduct amid an eruption of social unrest in America over racial inequality and the treatment of blacks by law enforcement after a number of recent incidences.

Protests across the globe have been ignited by the death of George Floyd, a 46-year-old African-American man who perished in police custody on May 25 in Minneapolis as a white police officer drove his knee into his neck for 8 minutes and 46 seconds.

Giuliani, however, described the reaction to the incidences and calls to defund the police as “created” and “almost hysterical.”

“I think logically, 99%, if not more, of the police contact with the public is appropriate,” said the former mayor, a Trump confidant and lawyer.

The statistics rattled off by Giuliani, a New York district attorney and federal prosecutor before becoming mayor, however, drew a rebuke from the Washington Post, who refuted his claims, making the case that “black Americans are more likely to be shot and killed by police when unarmed than are whites.”
The paper argued, drawing from its own database, that there were 55 incidents in which police shot and killed unarmed individuals last year, not the 9 that Giuliani notes. The newspaper goes on to say that of some 1,002 deaths at the hands of law enforcement last year, 250, or 25%, were of black people, while noting that 48 police offers died over the same period, citing data from the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

Check out the complete Giuliani interview on Fox below:

Meanwhile, lawmakers on Capitol Hill were locking horns over congressional moves to reform policing, with Senate Republicans putting forth legislation that was viewed as less stringent than the House bill on policing expected to be approved later Wednesday.

Washington, D.C., statehood bill set for vote in House of Representatives 

STATEHOOD OR DC AUTONOMOUS ZONE!

House Democrats plan to bring the issue to floor on June 26

Published: June 16, 2020 By  Jonathan Nicholson

Overhead view of the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Washington 

 the U.S. Capitol in the background. GETTY IMAGES

House Democratic leaders say they’ll take the first step toward making the District of Columbia the 51st state next week, with a vote on June 26 in the House of Representatives.

The move is unlikely to gain any traction in the Republican-held Senate, but shows again an impact of the protests unleashed by the death of George Floyd at the hands of Minneapolis police.

Washington, D.C., residents have no full voting representation in Congress and only gained the right to vote for president in 1961 with the enactment of the 23rd Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Mayor Muriel Bowser, appearing at a press conference with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, said the cause had gained additional support on Capitol Hill after the incident two weeks ago at St. John’s Church, where peaceful protesters were forcibly pushed out of Lafayette Square with tear gas before President Donald Trump and an entourage walked across the park to take a picture with a Bible in front of the church.

“They knew now that our cause for statehood is certainly about making sure we have two voting senators to speak up for us and making sure our congresswoman has a vote and making sure that we have seats at the table when the governors and state legislators are talking,” Bowser said.

The District’s delegate, Del. Eleanor Holmes Norton, a Democrat, is able to vote on the House floor, but her role is largely symbolic as, under House rules, her vote cannot be the determinative one for a motion to succeed or fail. The city has no representation at all in the Senate.

Democrats have long sought representation for the District, whose population was until recently skewed heavily toward African American residents. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Washington’s 705,749 estimated inhabitants as of 2019 were made up almost equally — about 46% each — of white and black residents. The District’s three Electoral College votes are reliably Democratic.

The bill, which is numbered H.R. 51 as a nod to the where D.C. would stand in the order of joining the Union, is assured of House passage, with 224 co-sponsors already signed up. It would declare the city a new state, named “Washington, Douglass Commonwealth,” and set up procedures for transferring authority and possession of much of the city’s nonresidential land to the federal government.

It would also speed up the process of repealing what would then be a redundant 23rd Amendment. However, there has long been a legal debate over whether Washington could be admitted by passing a law like H.R. 51 or whether that would require another amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

For Bowser, the question is one of equity.

“I don’t know about all Washingtonians, but when I heard all the talk during the pandemic about the governors are going take care of it, the governors are going to go do this, the governors are going to do that,” she said. “And I would sit there — what are we, chopped liver? Seven hundred thousand taxpayers who give more to the federal government than we get back.”

Sen. Roy Blunt, a Missouri Republican, said Tuesday afternoon that the GOP would not bring the House bill to the Senate floor if it passes the lower chamber

‘Denise Ho: Becoming the Song’ Trailer: Meet the Lesbian Cantopop Icon and Hong Kong Activist
Jude Dry Indiewire June 16, 2020

View photos

In the midst of one revolution, it can be energizing to look to others for inspiration. As Black Lives Matter protests continue to thrive across the globe, organizers and activists have been sharing images and resistance tactics used in Hong Kong protests, whether it’s tips on dismantling a tear gas canister to protecting your identity from government surveillance. In the middle of Pride month, there couldn’t be a better time for a documentary about a queer activist who risked a successful music career to speak truth to a very intimidating power.

Directed by veteran documentary producer Sue Williams, “Denise Ho: Becoming the Song” follows the lesbian Cantopop icon on her journey from artist to activist, illuminating the ways her journey aligns with Hong Kong’s relationship to China. The exclusive first trailer for the Kino Lorber release promises Ho will serve as a magnetic and inspiring guide through a topic that couldn’t be more timely.


The official synopsis for the film reads: “Denise Ho came out to the world as a proud lesbian in 2012 at the Hong Kong Pride Parade, the first major female star in Hong Kong to come out as gay. In 2014, at the height of her career, she started to publicly support the students who were demanding free elections during the Umbrella Movement (protesters held up umbrellas to fight off tear gas). Her influential involvement at the forefront of the pro-democracy uprisings led to her arrest during a clearing of protest camps. The financial and social cost to her was enormous. She was blacklisted by Mainland China, her music banned. As a result major commercial and luxury sponsors like Lancôme dropped her, colleagues feared to be associated with her, and venues around the world to this day are afraid to allow her to perform.”

Williams began following and filming Ho in 2017, as she toured the UK and North America as an independent artist, attempting to rebuild her career while continuing to take to the streets with Hong Kongers during the massive protests of 2019.

“Under the cloak of the global pandemic, China is carrying out a harsh crack down on ordinary Hong Kongers and arresting more pro-democratic leaders,” said Williams in an official statement. “Denise’s creativity and resilience are a moving reminder of the power of courageous individuals — and music — in the fight for freedom and democracy.”

“Denise Ho: Becoming the Song” will have its virtual World Premiere with Frameline Film Festival on Friday, June 26, including a Q&A with Williams. The film will be available by virtual cinema through Kino Marquee starting Friday, July 1. The film’s July 1 virtual theatrical release date was chosen to coincide with the anniversary of Britain’s handover of Hong Kong to China in 1997. The film is being released in solidarity with the annual protests marking the handover of Hong Kong to China.

Check out the film’s trailer and poster, available exclusively on IndieWire, below.

UK
Thousands of refugees set to be evicted from Home Office accommodation within two weeks

May Bulman The Independent 16 June 2020

Shutterstock

Thousands of refugees could be evicted from their government-funded accommodation within a matter of weeks, prompting fears of a “new mass homelessness population” during the coronavirus pandemic.

The Home Office announced at the end of March that asylum seekers would not be asked to leave their accommodation once their claim or appeal had been decided for the next three months due to the lockdown.

Ministers said the halt on evictions would be reviewed in June, but charities are still waiting to receive an update from government, and fear many newly granted refugees, and asylum seekers who have received negative decisions, will face a “cliff edge” in support in a fortnight.

The government is already under scrutiny over its treatment of immigrants after the Windrush scandal saw hundreds of Caribbean migrants living and working in the UK wrongly targeted as a result of its “hostile environment” policies.

Hazel Williams, national director at the NACCOM Network, said: “We are extremely concerned that thousands of newly granted refugees and people seeking asylum could be evicted from their Home Office accommodation over the next few months, leaving them homeless and unable to access services, many with no recourse to public funds.

“The cliff edge we feared could become a reality as we still await news of the Home Office plans. Creating a new mass homelessness population, is not only inhumane, but during a global pandemic creates the potential for a public health disaster.

Ms Williams called for the suspension of evictions to be extended for the next 12 months to enable people to access the advice and support they need.

Stephen Hale, chief executive of Refugee Action, said: “A responsible and humane government would never intentionally make people homeless.

“If this government does restart mass evictions it will heap yet more misery on people seeking asylum. Many are already suffering in this pandemic, struggling to meet their essential needs due to appallingly low financial support.

“The government must provide more clarity on its timeline for evictions, and make sure the asylum support system keeps a roof over people’s heads and food on their table.”

A Home Office spokesperson said: “We have said very clearly that we are taking a compassionate approach during this pandemic with those affected by circumstances beyond their control. Action has been taken across the asylum system to help, including supporting people who would otherwise have been destitute with accommodation and essential living costs, and it is right that we review arrangements at the end of June to make sure the most appropriate support is in place.”

Hundreds of asylum seekers having to travel to London to submit claims

Hundreds of refugees left destitute during coronavirus, charities warn

Home Office face legal battle over ‘scandalously low’ asylum support

US offers belated 'concern' over Philippine journalist case

WIMP OUT

MATTHEW LEE, Associated Press•June 16, 2020



Philippines Convicted Journalists
Rappler CEO and Executive Editor Maria Ressa, left, talks with former Rappler reporter Reynaldo Santos Jr., right, during a press conference in Manila, Philippines on Monday June 15, 2020. Ressa, an award-winning journalist critical of the Philippine president, her online news site Rappler Inc. and Santos were convicted of libel and sentenced to jail Monday in a decision called a major blow to press freedom in an Asian bastion of democracy. (AP Photo/Aaron Favila)

WASHINGTON (AP) — The Trump administration has offered a muted and belated expression of “concern” over the convictions of two Philippine journalists on criminal libel charges.

A one-sentence State Department statement titled “On Press Freedom in the Philippines” and released on Tuesday nearly 48 hours after a Manila court pronounced the convictions may raise new questions about the U.S. commitment to supporting press freedom abroad.

In the statement, State Department spokeswoman Morgan Ortagus called for the Philippines to resolve the case but pointedly did not take issue with the legal process or the guilty verdicts rendered against award-winning journalist Maria Ressa and her former colleague Reynaldo Santos Jr. of the Rappler online news site.

“The United States is concerned by the trial court’s verdict against journalists Maria Ressa and Reynaldo Santos and calls for resolution of the case in a way that reinforces the U.S. and Philippines’ long shared commitment to freedom of expression, including for members of the press,” she said.

Ressa and Santos were convicted Monday of libeling a wealthy businessman in a decision that human rights activists called a major blow to press freedom in an Asian bastion of democracy. The verdict was announced Sunday night Washington time and repeated requests for U.S. comment about the case beginning on Monday morning in Washington went unanswered.
Ressa, the site's founder and former CNN reporter who was one of Time magazine’s Persons of the Year in 2018, and Santos were convicted for a May 29, 2012, Rappler story that cited an intelligence report linking businessman Wilfredo Keng to a murder, drug dealing, human trafficking and smuggling. The site’s lawyers disputed any malice and said the time limit for filing the libel complaint had passed.

Rappler’s lawyers said the story was based on an unspecified intelligence report and that Philippine penal law requires a libel complaint to be filed within one year. Keng filed his lawsuit in 2017, five years after the story was published.

The cybercrime law, which the Rappler journalists allegedly violated, was enacted in September 2012, or four months after the story written by Santos was published. Rappler’s lawyers said Philippine penal laws cannot be retroactively applied.

Ressa was sentenced to up to six years in prison, but her lawyer, Theodore Te, said the jail terms and other penalties imposed could not be enforced unless all appeals were rejected. She posted bail for the case last year and will study possible appeals in the next 15 days, Te said.

Human rights and press freedom advocates have condemned the convictions, which they say are symptomatic of an erosion in journalists' ability to independently report news in the Philippines specifically and around the world more generally. Reporters Without Borders, the Committee to Protect Journalists and Freedom House were among those to denounce the ruling,

Philippines President Rodrigo Duterte, whom President Donald Trump has said he admires, and other Philippine officials have said the criminal complaints against Ressa and Rappler were not a press freedom issue but a part of normal judicial procedures arising from their alleged violations of the law.

Like Trump, Duterte has openly lambasted journalists and news sites who report critically about him, including the Philippine Daily Inquirer, a leading daily, and ABS-CBN, the country’s largest TV network, which was shut down by the government’s telecommunications regulator last month.