Tuesday, December 03, 2024

Greens, far-right among big losers in Irish vote


“There were so many anti-immigrant candidates that they split the vote,” 

In an exit poll Friday, Only six percent said immigration was the biggest factor in how they voted.


By AFP
December 2, 2024

Count still going on in Ireland's general election - Copyright AFP PAUL FAITH
Peter MURPHY

With vote-counting resuming Monday in Ireland’s closely-fought general election, the Green Party and far-right candidates are among the biggest losers so far.

The incumbent centre-right parties Fianna Fail and Fine Gael look set to retain power, with 170 of 174 seats in the lower chamber of parliament decided since Friday’s vote.

Fianna Fail, on 46 seats, was well ahead of the main opposition, the left-wing nationalist Sinn Fein on 37, with Fine Gael also on 37.

But support for the Green Party — the third coalition partner of the outgoing government — collapsed.

And far-right candidates failed to win a single seat.

The Green Party secured just three percent of the vote, down from seven at the last election in 2020 when it joined the coalition.

Its leader Roderic O’Gorman was the only one of 12 Green lawmakers to hold on to a seat, saving the party from a total wipe-out.

Analysts said the Greens were often scapegoated while in power by the big two coalition partners.

The party has “no regrets at all” about entering government in 2020, O’Gorman insisted to reporters Sunday.

But he admitted he was “very nervous” about the future of some of the “distinctly Green” policies introduced during their time in government.

While relatively successful in pushing through climate-friendly policies, the party became widely associated with higher fuel taxes.

As cost-of-living became a key voter concern, its policies became seen as an electoral liability.

“As a small party, the Greens were always in a precarious position,” said Eoin O’Malley, a political scientist at Dublin City University.

“They were responsible for many of the more unpopular government policies, while for environmentalists it was blamed for the inevitable compromises that come with government,” he said.

“It benefited from being flavour of the month in 2020, but that soft support left it when the party was blamed for increasing energy costs,” O’Malley told AFP.

The losses mirror similar defeats for green parties across Europe.

“We’ve done the things we believe in, there’s been a cost but that’s politics,” said O’Gorman.

“Those issues that focus on climate aren’t going away, and as a party, we’re not going away either,” he said.

The Green Party was almost wiped out in 2011 after serving in government with Fianna Fail.

“Small parties in Irish coalition governments have to sacrifice more of their core policies in the government programme,” said political analyst Gail McElroy from Trinity College, Dublin.

“This inability to fulfil their campaign promises leads to electoral penalties at the following election.”



– No far-right breakthrough –



The election was also marked by the failure of far-right candidates to enter parliament for the first time.

Ireland is one of the few European Union members without any large established far-right party.

But for the first time, immigration became a prominent issue during this election campaign.

Some 20 percent of Ireland’s 5.4-million population is now foreign-born.

Asylum applications have surged to record levels since 2002.

Around 110,000 Ukrainians have also arrived in Ireland since Russia’s full-scale invasion in 2022, one of the highest per capita influxes in the EU.

Rising anti-immigration sentiment has sparked protests in working-class and rural communities that have sometimes spilled over into violence.

In June five candidates campaigning on mainly anti-immigration and ultra-conservative platforms were elected to local councils, the first ever far-right representatives in Irish institutions.

But the ultra-nationalist vote was fragmented among a wide range of micro-parties and independent candidates at the general election.

“There were so many anti-immigrant candidates that they split the vote,” O’Malley told AFP.

No far-right candidate gained more than four percent of the vote in any constituency.

“So many of the candidates were too extreme, it made it difficult for someone concerned about immigration to vote on that basis,” he said.

The issue also dropped in importance for voters in the run-up to the election as the main parties pledged to tighten up migration policy.

In an exit poll Friday, housing and homelessness, cost-of-living and health were all deemed more important than immigration as influencing voter decisions.

Only six percent said immigration was the biggest factor in how they voted.


Is it real? How AI is warping reality and opening up financial fraud


By Dr. Tim Sandle
DIGITAL JOURNAL
December 2, 2024

Online shopping begins. Image by Tim Sandle.

As AI technology advances, scams become more realistic and harder to detect. Recently the firm Psono.com has highlighted modern scams like AI-powered phishing, clone emails, and gift card fraud that use personal data to create highly convincing attacks. Digital Journal has drawn out the key points from the report.

Understanding how these scams work can aid those seeking to protect personal information and money.

AI-Powered Scams

Scammers now use AI to impersonate family or friends, creating realistic voice recordings or videos from social media content. These deepfakes are used to ask for money or personal information, making the scams feel alarmingly real.

What to Do: If you receive an unexpected request, ask questions or details only the real person would know. A wrong or vague answer is a strong sign of a scam.

Gift Card Scams

Scammers analyse online shopping habits to target victims with gift card requests from stores they frequently use, especially during busy shopping seasons. The cards are quickly redeemed once the codes are shared, leaving the victim with financial loss.

What to Do: If someone asks for gift card codes, especially for payment or problem resolution, it’s likely a scam. Always verify requests directly with the person or organization before taking action.

Vishing

Vishing involves phone scams where attackers impersonate trusted organizations, like banks or government agencies, creating urgency—such as reporting “suspicious activity”—to pressure victims into sharing sensitive details.

What to Do: No legitimate organization will ever ask over the phone for sensitive information, like PINs or card details. If unsure, hang up and contact the institution directly using a verified number. Always take a moment to verify before acting on any request.

Smishing

Smishing scams use fake text messages that mimic delivery updates or account alerts, often targeting online shoppers, to steal credentials or spread malware.

What to Do: Always check the sender’s number. If it doesn’t match the official organization, it’s likely a scam. Verify messages directly with the company before taking action.

Clone Phishing

Clone phishing replicates real emails, like receipts or notifications, but replaces links or attachments with malicious ones. The familiarity makes them easy to fall for.

What to Do: Check the sender’s email address and double-check any links by hovering over them. If the email feels off, contact the sender directly using their official contact details.

Social Media Phishing

Social media phishing uses fake or hacked profiles to send messages that mimic giveaways or urgent requests. These scams aim to steal login credentials or personal information.

What to Do: Avoid clicking links in unsolicited messages. Verify requests directly with the sender and double-check login pages for authenticity.

Man-in-the-Middle Attacks

Man-in-the-middle attacks happen when hackers, like passwords or banking details, intercept what you send or receive on public Wi-Fi. Using Wi-Fi at places like cafés or airports can make your data a target.

What to Do: Avoid logging into important accounts on public Wi-Fi. Use a VPN for extra security and look for “https://” on websites to ensure they are encrypted.

Ransomware

Ransomware blocks access to files or devices by encrypting them and then demands payment to unlock them. These attacks often start with phishing emails or fake downloads and target personal data like photos or documents.

What to Do: Back up important files offline and avoid clicking on suspicious links or attachments. If attacked, report the incident to relevant authorities and seek professional advice on the next steps.

DNS Spoofing

DNS spoofing redirects users to fake websites that look like real ones. These sites are designed to steal sensitive information like passwords or credit card details.

What to Do: Always check the website address carefully before entering any information. Use secure websites with “https://” and consider tools that protect against DNS attacks.

Fake Job Offers

Scammers post fake job offers, often promising high pay or remote work, to steal personal details or money. They may ask for fees or sensitive information, pretending to be real companies.

What to Do: Before paying or sharing personal information, ensure the request comes from the right source. Research the company and confirm details through official channels.

AI is changing how scammers operate, making their attacks more personal and harder to spot. They use tools to mimic voices, create fake videos, or send messages that seem to come from trusted contacts.


Misinformation expert cites bogus studies — likely due to AI — in court case: court docs

Sarah K. Burris
December 2, 2024 
RAW STORY


Judge with Gavel (Shutterstock)

An expert in misinformation has been accused of using artificial intelligence to craft an expert declaration in a court case — and cited a study that doesn't exist.

Communication professor Jeff Hancock is the founding director of Stanford’s Social Media Lab stands accused of using AI to craft an expert declaration in a Minnesota court case.

The effort was about a 2023 state law that criminalizes using deepfakes to influence an election, The Stanford Daily noted Monday. Hancock handed in a 12-page declaration defending the law with 15 legal citations. Two of those couldn't be found, however.

The reason: ChatGPT appeared to make them up.

"No article by the title exists," court documents allege. "The publication exists, but the cited pages belong to unrelated articles. Likely, the study was a 'hallucination' generated by an AI large language model like ChatGPT. A part-fabricated declaration is unreliable."

The lawsuit is between Republican Minnesota state Rep. Mary Franson and a conservative social media satirist named Christopher Kohls against the state. The latter claimed that the state law limited free speech when the use of AI media could be used to explain false information.

ALSO READ: FBI uncovers deceptive AI deepfakes in 2024 election's final hours

Hancock was given $600 an hour for writing up his comments and was required to swear under penalty of perjury that what he said in the document was "true and correct."

A Nov. 16 filing cited errors Hancock made and requested the judge exclude it from the state's case.

“The citation bears the hallmarks of being an artificial intelligence (AI) ‘hallucination,’ suggesting that at least the citation was generated by a large language model like ChatGPT,” lawyer Frank Berdnarz wrote. “The existence of a fictional citation Hancock (or his assistants) didn’t even bother to click calls into question the quality and veracity of the entire declaration.”

Read the full report here.


FEMICIDE BY AI

Deepfakes weaponised to target Pakistan’s women leaders


B yAFP
December 2, 2024

In Pakistan, deepfakes are being weaponised to smear women in the public sphere with sexual innuendo deeply damaging to their reputations in a country with conservative mores - Copyright AFP Amna YASEEN

Juliette MANSOUR, Shrouq TARIQ

Pakistani politician Azma Bukhari is haunted by a counterfeit image of herself — a sexualised deepfake video published to discredit her role as one of the nation’s few female leaders.

“I was shattered when it came into my knowledge,” said 48-year-old Bukhari, the information minister of Pakistan’s most populous province of Punjab.

Deepfakes — which manipulate genuine audio, photos or video of people into false likenesses — are becoming increasingly convincing and easier to make as artificial intelligence (AI) enters the mainstream.

In Pakistan, where media literacy is poor, they are being weaponised to smear women in the public sphere with sexual innuendo deeply damaging to their reputations in a country with conservative mores.

Bukhari — who regularly appears on TV — recalls going quiet for days after she saw the video of her face superimposed on the sexualised body of an Indian actor in a clip quickly spreading on social media.

“It was very difficult, I was depressed,” she told AFP in her home in the eastern city of Lahore.

“My daughter, she hugged me and said: ‘Mama, you have to fight it out’.”

After initially recoiling she is pressing her case at Lahore’s High Court, attempting to hold those who spread the deepfake to account.

“When I go to the court, I have to remind people again and again that I have a fake video,” she said.



– ‘A very harmful weapon’ –



In Pakistan — a country of 240 million people — internet use has risen at staggering rates recently owing to cheap 4G mobile internet.

Around 110 million Pakistanis were online this January, 24 million more than at the beginning of 2023, according to monitoring site DataReportal.

In this year’s election, deepfakes were at the centre of digital debate.

Ex-prime minister Imran Khan was jailed but his team used an AI tool to generate speeches in his voice shared on social media, allowing him to campaign from behind bars.

Men in politics are typically criticised over corruption, their ideology and status. But deepfakes have a dark side uniquely suited to tearing down women.

“When they are accused, it almost always revolves around their sex lives, their personal lives, whether they’re good mums, whether they’re good wives,” said US-based AI expert Henry Ajder.

“For that deepfakes are a very harmful weapon,” he told AFP.

In patriarchal Pakistan the stakes are high.

Women’s status is typically tied to their “honour”, generally defined as modesty and chastity. Hundreds are killed every year — often by their own families — for supposedly besmirching it.

Bukhari describes the video targeting her as “pornographic”.

But in a country where premarital sex and cohabitation are punishable offences, deepfakes can undermine reputations by planting innuendo with the suggestion of a hug or improper social mingling with men.

In October, AFP debunked a deepfake video of regional lawmaker Meena Majeed showing her hugging the male chief minister of Balochistan province.

A social media caption said: “Shamelessness has no limits. This is an insult to Baloch culture.”

Bukhari says photos of her with her husband and son have also been manipulated to imply she appeared in public with boyfriends outside her marriage.

And doctored videos regularly circulate of Punjab Chief Minister Maryam Nawaz Sharif — Bukhari’s boss — showing her dancing with opposition leaders.

Once targeted by deepfakes like these, women’s “image is seen as immoral, and the honour of the entire family is lost”, said Sadaf Khan of Pakistani non-profit Media Matters for Democracy.

“This can put them in danger,” she told AFP.



– Fighting the fakes –



Deepfakes are now prevalent across the world, but Pakistan does have legislation to combat their deployment in disinformation campaigns.

In 2016, a law was passed by Bukhari’s party “to prevent online crimes” with “cyberstalking” provisions against sharing photos or videos without consent “in a manner that harms a person”.

Bukhari believes it needs to be strengthened and backed up by investigators. “The capacity building of our cybercrime unit is very, very important,” she said.

But digital rights activists have also criticised the government for wielding such broad legislation to quash dissent.

Authorities have previously blocked YouTube and TikTok, and a ban on X — formerly Twitter — has been in place since after February elections when allegations of vote tampering spread on the site.

Pakistan-based digital rights activist Nighat Dad said blocking the sites serves only as “a quick solution for the government”.

“It’s violating other fundamental rights, which are connected to your freedom of expression, and access to information,” she told AFP.


Online harassment reaches new heights as 'emboldened manosphere' emerges: report


Photo by Paul Hanaoka on Unsplash
woman holding iPhone during daytime

November 30, 2024

In the days following Donald Trump's presidential victory, an alarming surge in misogynistic rhetoric and threats against women has emerged online and in real life, according to a report from the Associated Press. Dubbed the 'emboldened manosphere', the trend has left many women feeling unsafe and compelled to take protective measures.

Sadie Perez, a 19-year-old political science student in Wisconsin profiled in AP's report, now carries pepper spray with her on campus. Her mother ordered self-defense kits for her and her sister.

This reaction stems from the rise of right-wing 'manosphere' influencers who have seized on Trump's win to amplify misogynistic content online.

A troubling trend is the appropriation of the pro-choice slogan "My body, my choice" into "Your body, my choice," a phrase that has spread rapidly online. Attributed to a post by far-right figure Nick Fuentes, it garnered 35 million views on its first day on X. The slogan has since appeared in middle schools, college campuses, and even on t-shirts — which were later removed by Amazon.

Online declarations calling to "Repeal the 19th" Amendment (which gave women the right to vote) have gained millions of views.

While Trump himself isn't directly amplifying this rhetoric, his campaign's focus on masculinity and repeated attacks on Kamala Harris's gender and race have contributed to the current climate. Dana Brown from the Pennsylvania Center for Women and Politics suggests that for some men, Trump's victory represents a chance to reclaim traditional gender roles they feel they're losing.

Despite the fear and disgust many women feel, some are fighting back. Perez and her peers are supporting each other, celebrating wins like female majorities in student government, and encouraging women to speak out against the misogynistic rhetoric. As Perez puts it, "I want to encourage my friends and the women in my life to use their voices to call out this rhetoric and to not let fear take over."




#FREEPAULWATSON

Greenland extends detention of anti-whaling activist Watson



By AFP
December 2, 2024

A petition asking for Paul Watson's release has gathered 210,000 signatures 
- Copyright AFP Martin LELIEVRE

Camille BAS-WOHLERT

A Greenland court on Monday extended the detention of US-Canadian anti-whaling activist Paul Watson for two more weeks, pending a decision on his possible extradition to Japan, police said.

The hearing was Watson’s sixth since his arrest in July in Nuuk, capital of the Danish autonomous territory.

Watson, who turned 74 on Monday, was detained on a 2012 Japanese arrest warrant, which accuses him of causing damage to a whaling ship in the Antarctic in 2010 and injuring a whaler.

“The court in Greenland has today decided that Paul Watson shall continue to be detained until December 18, 2024 in order to ensure his presence in connection with the decision on extradition,” police said in a statement.

Prosecutor Mariam Khalil had requested a four-week extension to the period of pre-trial detention, while Watson’s lawyer Julie Stage had sought his release.

“We disagreed with the decision and lodged an appeal,” Stage told AFP after the ruling.

Watson, who featured in the reality TV series “Whale Wars”, founded Sea Shepherd and the Captain Paul Watson Foundation (CPWF) and is known for radical tactics including confrontations with whaling ships at sea.

Watson was arrested on July 21 when his ship, the John Paul DeJoria, docked to refuel in Nuuk on its way to “intercept” a new Japanese whaling factory vessel in the North Pacific, according to the CPWF.

– Decision pending –

The Danish justice ministry, which has consulted with Greenland police and the Danish prosecutor general on the case, told AFP over the weekend that it was nearing a decision on the matter.

“The Danish Ministry of Justice is currently processing the extradition request… expecting to soon make a decision,” it said in a statement.

In late November, Watson’s lawyers urged Danish Justice Minister Peter Hummelgaard to block the extradition.

If Denmark refuses his extradition, “there would no longer be any reason for detention and (Watson) would be released as soon as possible,” Khalil explained to AFP in November.

If Denmark were to agree to Japan’s extradition request, Watson’s lawyers would lodge an appeal.

According to Stage, the decision should be made “within 14 days”.

Tokyo accuses Watson of injuring a Japanese crew member with a stink bomb intended to disrupt the whalers’ activities during a Sea Shepherd clash with the Shonan Maru 2 vessel in 2010.

Watson’s lawyers insist he is innocent and say they have video footage proving the crew member was not on deck when the stink bomb was thrown. The Nuuk court has refused to view the video.

In September, Watson’s lawyers contacted the UN special rapporteur on environmental defenders, claiming that he could be “subjected to inhumane treatment” in Japanese prisons.

The defence team has argued that the crime of which Japan accuses him does not even carry a jail sentence in Greenland, a point on which the prosecution disagrees.

In a rare public comment on the case, Japan’s Foreign Minister Takeshi Iwaya has said that the extradition request was “an issue of law enforcement at sea rather than a whaling issue”.

Watson hopes to be freed to return to France, where he had been living since July 2023 and where his two young children attend school.

He requested French citizenship in October.

Watson’s legal woes have attracted support from members of the public and activists, including prominent British conservationist Jane Goodall, who has urged French President Emmanuel Macron to grant him political asylum.

A petition for his release has gathered more than 210,000 signatures, and some 220,000 have signed in support of his application for French citizenship.



Delivery firm Glovo riders in Spain to become employees


By AFP
December 2, 2024

Spain in 2021 passed Europe's first law that explicitly regulates the status of delivery workers, requiring that they be recognised as employees
 - Copyright AFP Bertrand GUAY


Valentin BONTEMPS

App-based food delivery firm Glovo’s freelance riders in Spain will be hired as employees following pressure from the government to give them labour contracts, its German owners Delivery Hero said Monday.

The announcement comes a day before Glovo’s founder and head, Oscar Pierre, is due to appear before a Barcelona judge who is investigating possible violations of Spain’s labour laws, according to a judicial source.

“Glovo management decided to change from a freelance model to an employment based model for its delivery riders in Spain to avoid further legal uncertainties leading to an increase of contingencies,” Delivery Hero said in a statement.

Spain in 2021 became the first European Union (EU) nation to give food delivery riders labour rights, requiring that they be recognised as employees instead of being considered self-employed freelancers.

This means app-based food delivery firms like Glovo have to pay their riders — who get around mostly on bikes and motorcycles — employee contributions for benefits like sick leave and protections against dismissal.

After the law came into effect, Glovo agreed to employ riders for its online supermarkets but kept those delivering restaurant meals as freelancers under a new statute that it said strengthened their autonomy.

This led Spain’s labour ministry to slap the company with fines totalling 205 million euros ($215 million) for violating the law. The European Commission is also investigating Glovo for labour law violations.

“No matter how big it is, no matter how much power it has, no big technology can impose itself on democracy. Today democracy has won in our country,” Labour Minister Yolanda Diaz told reporters.

“The principle of legality has been imposed and finally, I insist, this company is going to regularise and comply with its obligations,” she added.



– Share price slump –



Founded in Barcelona in 2024, Glovo is now present in 25 nations. It was purchased in 2022 by Berlin-headquartered Delivery Hero.

The Glovo website does not say how many riders work for the company but Spanish media estimate there are thousands.

The change in “operation model” will be limited to Glovo’s activities in Spain and will dent Delivery Hero’s 2025 core profit by 100 million euros ($105 million), the company said.

Shares in Delivery Hero fell 11.51 percent to 34.28 euros in early afternoon trade in Frankfurt following its announcement.

Apart from Glovo, Just Eat and Uber Eats dominate the food delivery market in Spain, having gained market share after Britain’s Deliveroo exited the country in 2021 just days before the “Rider Law” was due to take effect.

Gig work, which became mainstream thanks to ride-hailing and food-delivery platforms such as Uber and Deliveroo, has come under greater scrutiny in recent years, with several countries taking steps to workers in the sector.

The European Union in October adopted a directive requiring member states to classify people who work for online platforms as employees under certain conditions.

But the EU left it up to each member state to decide what criteria must be met. Campaigners had been pushing for EU-wide criteria.

Turkey could benefit from rebel offensive in Syria: experts

By AFP
December 2, 2024

Under threat? Syrian Kurds demonstrate in the northeastern city of Qamishli 
- Copyright AFP Delil SOULEIMAN

Anne CHAON

Turkey could be one of the big winners from the new Syria crisis, giving it a chance to tackle its Syrian refugee problem and the Kurdish threat along its border, observers say.

Although Syrian President Bashar al-Assad spurned an offer of help from his Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdogan, Ankara now appears to have an increasingly important role in decisions that will affect Syria’s immediate future.

– What role did Turkey play in the new rebel offensive?



Omer Ozkizilcik, an Atlantic Council associate researcher in Ankara, said Turkey has a long history of “cooperating” with Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), the jihadist alliance that led last week’s rebel offensive.

“We can clearly say there was indirect Turkish support (for the offensive) but no direct Turkish involvement,” he told AFP.

Although the attack was due to take place “seven weeks ago… Turkey stopped the rebels from launching this military offensive,” he added.

Assad’s ally Russia has also been “heavily” bombing rebel positions in the northwest to stymie an attack on his government.

Charles Lister, an expert at Washington’s Middle East Institute agreed, saying “the Aleppo offensive was initially planned for mid-October but Turkey put a stop to it”.

It was only after Ankara’s efforts to normalise ties with the Assad regime were rebuffed as it pushed for a political solution, that Turkey gave its green light, Ozkizilcik said.



– What relationship does Turkey have with HTS? –



Turkey has pushed back against the expansion of HTS into the “security zone” in northwest Syria it has carved out for itself, and has put pressure on the radical Islamist group to drop its Al-Qaeda affiliation.

It has also pressed it to avoid attacking Christian and Druze minorities, analysts say.

“The HTS of today is not what it was in 2020,” Ozkizilcik said.

Although Turkey has some influence over the group, Firas Kontar, a Syrian opposition figure of Druze origin and author of “Syria, the Impossible Revolution”, believes Erdogan “no longer has the means to stop HTS”.



– What are relations like between Damascus and Ankara?



Ankara and Damascus broke off ties in 2011 when the war started with Erdogan backing the rebels and denouncing Assad as a “murderer”.

However, since late 2022 the Turkish leader has been seeking a rapprochement, saying in July he was ready to host Assad “at any time”.

But Assad said he would only meet if Turkish forces withdrew from Syria.

Ankara is hoping a rapprochement would pave the way for the return of the 3.2 million Syrian refugees still on its soil, whose presence has become a major domestic hot potato.

“Now with the changing situation on the ground, the balance of power in Syria has shifted: Turkey is the most powerful actor at the moment inside Syria, and Iran and Russia will likely try to negotiate with Turkey,” Ozkizilcik said.



– How is Turkey present in Syria?



Since 2016, Turkey has staged multiple operations against Kurdish forces in northern Syria which has given it a foothold in areas bordering the frontier.

The aim is to oust Kurdish fighters from the border zone, notably the YPG (People’s Protection Units) which are backed by Washington as bulwark against Islamic State group jihadists.

But Ankara views the YPG as an extension of the PKK which has fought a decades-long insurgency inside Turkey and is banned as a terror group by Washington and Brussels.



– And what of the Syrian Kurdish movements?



According to the UK-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, pro-Turkey rebels on Sunday seized Tal Rifaat, a town north of Aleppo and the surrounding villages, where some 200,000 Syrian Kurds were living.

Tal Rifaat lies just outside Turkey’s “security zone” with the move prompting Kurdish residents to flee to a safe zone further east.

Turkey’s secret service said it had killed a PKK leader in the area.

“Turkey has already made and probably will make many gains against the YPG terror group to secure its national security,” said Ozkizilcik.

















UN chief ‘alarmed’ by Syria violence, calls for end to fighting

By AFP
December 2, 2024

As of November 30, more than 48,500 people had been displaced in Idlib and northern Aleppo, more than half of them children, the UN says - Copyright AFP CARLOS COSTA

UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said on Monday he was “alarmed” by the escalation of violence in Syria and called for an immediate end to fighting that his organization says has displaced nearly 50,000 people.

“All parties must do their utmost to protect civilians and civilian objects, including by allowing safe passage to civilians who are fleeing hostilities,” Guterres’s spokesman Stephane Dujarric said in a statement.

“Syrians have endured the conflict for nearly 14 years. They deserve a political horizon that will deliver a peaceful future, not more bloodshed,” he added.

Syria has been at war since President Bashar al-Assad cracked down on pro-democracy protests in 2011, with subsequent fighting that has involved foreign powers and jihadists leaving an estimated half a million people dead.

The conflict had been mostly dormant, with Assad back in control of much of the country until last week, when a rebel alliance led by Islamist armed groups began its offensive.

Syria’s military and its ally Russia have responded with deadly air raids on areas under rebel control.

The fighting has killed more than 457 people, including at least 72 civilians, according to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights.

As of November 30, more than 48,500 people had been displaced in Idlib and northern Aleppo, more than half of them children, the UN’s humanitarian agency OCHA said on Monday, adding that the situation was highly fluid.

“Tens of thousands of people on the move; critical services interrupted; women, men and children fearing for safety,” OCHA chief Tom Fletcher said on X, describing the situation as “worrying.”

“Syrians have already endured over 13 years of suffering. All sides must do more to protect civilians.”

The number of displaced was a steep increase from the 14,000 people reported on 28 November.

And according to Dujarric, UN peacekeeping operations in the country have been “largely suspended” across Aleppo, Idlib and Hama due to security concerns.

“This has led to severe disruption in people’s ability to access life-saving assistance,” he said, adding that the United Nations remained committed to delivering humanitarian aid.

Dujarric warned that “the presence of unburied bodies and lack of drinking water” in Syria threatens public health and said that damage to Aleppo’s university hospital had left hundreds of patients without care.

“Syria is also already one of the world’s largest humanitarian crises, with 16.7 million human beings in need of assistance and over seven million people internally displaced,” he said.

Israel’s stepped-up offensive against Hezbollah in neighboring Lebanon since September had also had an effect on the situation, he said.

“More than half a million people have also fled from Lebanon to Syria in recent weeks, and winter conditions will only make the needs in the coming weeks even more acute.

Read more: https://www.digitaljournal.com/world/un-chief-alarmed-by-syria-violence-calls-for-end-to-fighting/article#ixzz8tL2MPWDd




Musk $55.8 bn Tesla pay deal again rejected by US judge


By AFP
December 2, 2024


Tesla shareholders originally backed the Elon Musk compensation plan in March 2018 - Copyright POOL/AFP/File Allison ROBBERT

A US judge on Monday upheld her decision to reject Elon Musk’s massive $55.8 billion compensation package at Tesla, denying an attempt to restore the pay deal through a shareholder vote.

In a court filing, Chancellor Kathaleen McCormick of Delaware’s Court of Chancery ruled that Tesla’s attempt to ratify Musk’s compensation package through a June shareholder vote could not override her January decision striking down the package as excessive and unfair to shareholders.

McCormick found multiple flaws in Tesla’s ratification attempt, including “material misstatements” in documents provided to shareholders about the effect of their vote.

“The motion to revise is denied,” McCormick wrote.

“The large and talented group of defense firms got creative with the ratification argument, but their unprecedented theories go against multiple strains of settled law,” she added.

The court also awarded $345 million in attorney fees, significantly less than the $5.6 billion requested by the lawyers of plaintiff Richard Tornetta, a Tesla shareholder.

While acknowledging their calculation method was technically sound under Delaware law, which bases fees on the percentage of benefit achieved, McCormick ruled that such a large award would constitute an excessive windfall.

Shareholders originally backed the Musk compensation plan in March 2018 that was specifically designed to reward the 53-year-old founder for Tesla’s significant growth.

But in a lawsuit, Tornetta accused the defendants of failing in their duties when they authorized the pay plan and alleged that Musk dictated his terms to directors, who were not sufficiently independent from their star CEO.

He also accused Musk of “unjustified enrichment” and asked for the annulment of a pay program that helped make the entrepreneur the richest man in the world.

During a trial in 2022, Musk countered that investors in Tesla were some of the “most sophisticated in the world” and able to keep tabs on his management.

He said Tesla had been the laughingstock of the auto industry, and it was only the massive success of the company’s Model 3 that turned things around.

Musk insisted that he played no role in coming up with the package nor discussed his deal with the board members, some of them close friends, who ultimately signed off on it.

The Delaware Court of Chancery has been a pillar of US capitalism for more than a century and is the jurisdiction where roughly two-thirds of American Fortune 500 companies are registered.


Q&A: Are 3D-Printed airplane parts safe?


By  Dr. Tim Sandle
December 1, 2024
DIGITAL JOURNAL

File picture: Jets parked on the tarmac of Geneva Airport - Copyright Tobias SCHWARZ

Since the invention of the 3D printer in the 1980s, the use cases for items manufactured using additive manufacturing technology have grown exponentially. In the last decade, one of the most interesting uses has been in the aerospace and defense industry.

The first commercial airplanes with 3D-printed parts were cleared for takeoff about 10 years ago. Today, nearly all aircraft contain at least one 3D printed part. The global aerospace 3D printing market industry is projected to grow from $3.89 billion in 2024 to $14.55 billion by 2032.

To talk about the role of 3D printing in the manufacture of aircraft, Digital Journal sat down with Jon Toews, Senior Vice President, A3D Manufacturing, which was recently granted AS9100 certification. This gives its customers qualified assurance that the components it yields meet the aerospace industry’s most rigorous requirements.

Digital Journal: Are airplanes really made using 3D printers?

Jon Toews: Yes, 3D printing has become a crucial manufacturing technology in aerospace, with many aircraft containing 3D-printed parts today. While traditional methods are still used for larger structural components, 3D printing is ideal for producing highly specialized and complex parts, especially for interior components, brackets, and parts with complex geometries. Its role continues to expand as additive manufacturing technologies advance, allowing for more reliable, high-quality parts that meet stringent aerospace standards.

DJ: What is a benefit of using a 3D printed part on an aircraft, compared to a traditionally manufactured part?

Toews: One primary benefit of using 3D-printed parts in aircraft is weight reduction. Lightweight components are crucial for improving fuel efficiency, which directly contributes to cost savings and reduces the environmental impact. Additionally, 3D printing enables innovative designs that would be challenging or impossible to achieve with traditional manufacturing, providing greater flexibility in engineering and allowing for optimized aerodynamics.

DJ: How do aircraft manufacturers know the parts they receive from suppliers and parts manufacturers are of the highest quality?

Toews: The industry is highly regulated to ensure the parts are produced using the most up-to-date best practices and materials. The first line of defense is quality control. ISO 9001 is a globally recognized standard for quality management systems, providing a framework for organizations across industries to improve their performance and meet customer expectations. The aerospace industry takes this one step further, preferring manufacturers and vendors achieve AS9100 certification, which deems a manufacturer compliant with the most rigorous standards of that industry. We have both certifications, so I can testify it is a very high bar to meet.

DJ: What is AS9100 and how does it provide such assurances?

Toews: AS9100 builds upon ISO 9001 standards and adds additional requirements, including risk management and traceability, which are essential for aerospace applications. AS9100 assures clients that a company adheres to consistent, controlled processes designed to minimize risks and maintain high quality in every component, which is especially crucial in an industry where safety is paramount.

DJ: Tell me about A3D Manufacturing’s role in the aerospace industry

Toews: A3D Manufacturing supports aerospace companies by providing high-quality manufacturing services that span the entire product lifecycle, from prototyping to full-scale production. As an ISO 9001:2025 and AS9100-certified manufacturer, we offer aerospace clients additive and traditional manufacturing solutions tailored to their needs, including CNC machining and casting. Our upcoming ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulations) registration further reinforces our commitment to meeting aerospace standards, allowing us to serve defense and other high-security sectors within aerospace effectively.

DJ: How is servicing aerospace different from other sectors?

Toews: Servicing aerospace requires an exceptionally high level of precision and adherence to stringent quality standards. Every part must meet rigorous testing and documentation requirements to ensure it performs reliably under extreme conditions. Additionally, aerospace clients often require comprehensive documentation and traceability, which adds layers of complexity to the manufacturing process.

DJ: How does having AS9100 certification benefit vendors like A3D Manufacturing?

Toews: AS9100 certification signals to our aerospace clients that A3D Manufacturing follows the rigorous processes required for aerospace production, from initial material sourcing through final inspection. This certification benefits vendors by opening up opportunities in the aerospace sector, ensuring clients that our manufacturing processes meet their high standards. For A3D, AS9100 reinforces our commitment to quality, helping us build stronger, trust-based relationships with aerospace clients who rely on us for critical components.



Misery at work: Is workplace contentment on a downwards slide?


By Dr. Tim Sandle
DIGITAL JOURNAL
December 1, 2024

Striking workers with the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers will weigh Boeing's latest offer after voting down two previous contracts - Copyright AFP/File Mandel NGAN

Employees are seemingly more unhappy at work than they have been in years, and currently more than a quarter of U.S. citizens are looking to change roles (which is the highest in a decade).

For those running a new small business, when hiring a new employee is an especially timely, costly, and pivotal practice. Some analysts think that efforts should be directed to employee retention, especially for creating a culture of contentment. Whether such a state of affairs can be achieved with the nexus of a conflictual employment relationship is unlikely.

This does not prevent some from trying. The firm Wix.com has recently provided advice on how business owners can create a positive work environment.

In particular, the group maintains that flexible work results in higher employee satisfaction. Other advice is:

Build a company based on trust, honesty and fairness

Regardless of company size, employees expect a work environment where:

• People are held accountable for their actions,
• Respect is shown for others’ ideas, values and beliefs,
• There is overarching trust and a sense of community between staff and management,
• Difficult situations are addressed efficiently and effectively

Establish backend processes early on

While startups often expect their first employees to wear many hats, failing to have processes in place around job roles and the specifics of what is expected of employees can ultimately create a negative working environment.

Similarly, if you’re making fundamental changes within your business, make sure you’ve planned out a protocol to communicate this to your staff and keep them in the loop. Additionally, processes around mental health, dealing with difficult situations, and day to day operational procedures should also be in place so that you can deal with issues in a standardized way.

Give hiring decisions the attention they deserve

Hiring the right people is always important, but especially significant for newer businesses and startups, as they’re often the people that are going to drive your organization forward.

Hire people that align with your mission and business values. In a smaller company, these are equally important to employees as it is to senior stakeholders. Hire for attitude as well as skill (it’s vital to have people who are respectful and easy to work with), and ensure applicants are aligned with the company and invested in its mission before signing on the dotted line. An aligned vision keeps employees happy, and as a smaller team, being on the same page and having the same end goal helps to avoid friction.

Build a work environment that encourages support and development

Employees want roles that are both personally and professionally fulfilling, allowing them to receive fair compensation while working on projects that challenge them and align with their personal values. Creating an environment that supports this development – whether that’s through in-house training, budget allocation, or mentoring amongst colleagues -, – helps employees feel nurtured and respected in their role.

Prioritise work-life balance from the beginning

Expectations should be clear around working times, but as is often the case in work, employees will be expected to work beyond these times where required. Where there is adequate work-life balance in place, and employees are aligned with their company’s mission, staff often don’t resent working beyond their assigned hours (so long as this doesn’t occur week in, week out). Leaders should show respect for employees’ personal lives and passion projects by monitoring workloads, and if a member of staff is consistently working overtime, conversations should be had around whether there is too much work assigned, or whether there are other reasons why they cannot complete this within their usual working hours.

Invest in good leadership

While founders are typically excellent at what they do, leadership often doesn’t come naturally. Focus on investing in leadership training, promote those who lead by example, and be prepared to challenge instances where leadership could be improved or acted upon differently. Poor leadership is one of the greatest performance-killers for highly-motivated employees, and once this relationship diminishes, it can be easy for employees to lose morale.
Trump says will ‘block’ Nippon Steel from taking over US Steel


ByAFP
December 2, 2024

The Edgar Thomson steel plant in Braddock, Pennsylvania, which has been producing since 1875, would go to Nippon Steel under a proposed buyout of United States Steel — © AFP Rebecca DROKE

US President-elect Donald Trump on Monday said he would “block” a planned takeover of US Steel by Japanese company Nippon Steel, a deal worth $14.9 billion including debts.

“I am totally against the once great and powerful U.S. Steel being bought by a foreign company, in this case Nippon Steel of Japan,” Trump wrote on his Truth Social platform.

“Through a series of Tax Incentives and Tariffs, we will make U.S. Steel Strong and Great Again, and it will happen FAST! As President, I will block this deal from happening.”

Embattled US Steel has argued that it needs the Nippon deal to ensure sufficient investment in its Mon Valley plants in Pennsylvania, which it says it may have to shutter if the sale is blocked.

Days after the US election last month, Nippon Steel said it expected to close its takeover of the company before the end of the year, while US President Joe Biden was still in office.

Biden, too, has opposed the deal, saying it was “vital” for US Steel “to remain an American steel company that is domestically owned and operated.”

The deal is being reviewed by a body helmed by Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen that audits foreign takeovers of US firms, called the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS).

In September, Biden’s administration extended their review, pushing a conclusion on the politically sensitive deal until after the November 5 presidential election.



Embattled US Steel has argued that it needs the Nippon deal to ensure sufficient investment in its Mon Valley plants in Pennsylvania – Copyright AFP Philip FONG

Nippon, however, was confident it would close the deal by year’s end.

A Nippon Steel earnings presentation on November 7 maintained that “the transaction is expected to close in… calendar year 2024” pending a US national security review.

“Unless the situation changes dramatically, I believe the conclusion will come by the end of the year,” during Biden’s time in office, vice chairman Takahiro Mori told reporters.

Trump will be inaugurated on January 20.

– Protectionist policies –

On the campaign trail, he vowed to install protectionist economic policies to help support US businesses, including threats to restart a trade war with the world’s second largest economy, China.

While running for the White House, he specifically promised to block Nippon’s takeover of US Steel, which is based in the key political battleground state of Pennsylvania.

Trump’s vice presidential pick J.D. Vance also led congressional opposition to the takeover in the US Senate, where the deal has been criticized by both Republicans and Democrats.

Analysts had suggested Trump’s position could soften after the election was over, but Monday’s statement indicated that was not the case.

Major Japanese and American business groups have urged Yellen not to succumb to political pressure when reviewing the proposed acquisition.

The steelworkers union has fought the deal, and criticized a September arbitrators’ ruling that Nippon had proven it could assume US Steel’s labor contract obligations.

In September, however, some US Steel workers rallied in support of the deal, arguing it would help keep plants open.