Cancer epidemiology special issue maps global patterns and future trends while bridging data and public health

China Anti-Cancer Association

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Cancer epidemiology

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Credit: Cancer Biology & Medicine

Global cancer burden continues to shift, driven by population aging, lifestyle changes, and disparities in screening and prevention. A new special issue of Cancer Biology & Medicine brings together works that examine cancer epidemiology from a worldwide perspective—covering ovarian, lung, colorectal, and breast cancers, as well as emerging approaches to multi‑cancer early detection and risk prediction. By combining large‑scale population data, temporal trend analyses, and methodological innovations, the collection offers a comprehensive snapshot of where cancer incidence and mortality stand today and where they are heading tomorrow.

Cancer epidemiology is not merely about counting cases; it is a dynamic field that informs screening policies, resource allocation, and clinical trial design. With rapid changes in risk factor profiles and healthcare access across regions, timely and granular epidemiological evidence is more critical than ever. Yet translating these data into actionable insights requires robust analytical frameworks, cross‑national comparisons, and integration with behavioral and socioeconomic factors. This special issue addresses these needs by presenting studies that span multiple continents, leverage large cohort and registry data, and project future burden under current trends.

The special issue (DOI: https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/23/7) of Cancer Biology & Medicine on Cancer Epidemiology published latest research and viewpoints from leading epidemiologists. Its content includes cancer risk stratification, early detection, the interplay between mental health and cancer, etc.

The issue's epidemiological contributions cover both global and regional perspectives. An editorial opens the discussion on multi‑cancer early detection (MCED), moving from promise to practice and identifying the next frontier in screening. A comprehensive review on ovarian cancer patterns, trends, and risk factors sets the stage for the original studies that follow. One large cross‑sectional analysis from a population screening project uncovers the mediating role of mental health in the association between diet and upper gastrointestinal cancers, adding a novel psychosocial dimension to cancer prevention. A study on lung cancer mortality in China from 2013 to 2021, with projections to 2030, provides vital evidence for tobacco control and early screening strategies. Two population‑based studies—each covering 185 countries—reveal lifetime risk trajectories and socioeconomic inequalities for colorectal and breast cancer, respectively, highlighting where interventions are most urgently needed. Three letters complement these findings. One compares 17 risk prediction models for FIT-based colorectal cancer screening in a large Chinese cohort, offering practical guidance for model selection in real-world settings. A second explores how genetic susceptibility and environmental risk factors relate to incident gastric cancer across different Helicobacter pylori infection statuses, informing more refined risk stratification. A third national multi-center study maps anogenital HPV infection patterns by anatomical site and sexual orientation in Chinese men, revealing a substantially higher overall prevalence among men who have sex with men than among heterosexual men.

“This collection shows that cancer epidemiology is not just about describing the past, but about equipping clinicians, policymakers, and researchers with forward‑looking tools,” the issue suggests. “By integrating trend projections, risk modelling, and social determinants, we can better tailor prevention and early detection to diverse populations.” That integrated perspective makes this special issue especially timely: epidemiology is presented as the backbone of precision prevention, not as a static discipline, but as a continuously evolving science that fuels clinical and public health action.

The broader message of the issue is clear. The future of cancer control will depend on epidemiological research that is global in scope, granular in data, and connected to translational and clinical needs. By bringing together large‑scale population studies, advanced statistical methods, and actionable risk prediction, Cancer Biology & Medicine offers readers a vital resource for understanding and responding to the changing landscape of cancer burden worldwide.

For more details and to access the full special issue, visit Cancer Biology & Medicine online.

Multi-cancer early detection: from promise to practice and the next frontier
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0664
Global epidemiology of ovarian cancer: patterns, trends, and risk factors
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0619
Psychological health mediates the association between diet and upper gastrointestinal cancer: a cross-sectional analysis from a large-scale population-based screening project
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0472
Lung cancer mortality trends in China from 2013 to 2021 and projections to 2030
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0625
Global landscape and temporal trends in lifetime risk of colorectal cancer in 185 countries: a population-based study
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0851
Global patterns, temporal trends and socioeconomic inequalities in the burden of breast cancer: a population-based study across 185 countries
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2026.0059
Enhancing FIT-based colorectal cancer screening through risk prediction: a comparative evaluation of 17 models in a large Chinese cohort
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2025.0702
Genetic susceptibility, environmental risk factors, and incident gastric cancer risk among individuals with different Helicobacter pylori infection status: a population-based study
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2026.0145
Anogenital human papillomavirus infection patterns by anatomical site and sexual orientation in Chinese men: a national multi-center study
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2026.0129

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References

Original Source URL

https://www.cancerbiomed.org/content/23/7

About Cancer Biology & Medicine

Cancer Biology & Medicine (CBM) is a peer-reviewed open-access journal sponsored by China Anti-cancer Association (CACA) and Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital. The journal monthly provides innovative and significant information on biological basis of cancer, cancer microenvironment, translational cancer research, and all aspects of clinical cancer research. The journal also publishes significant perspectives on indigenous cancer types in China. The journal is indexed in SCOPUS, MEDLINE and SCI (IF 12.4, 5-year IF 8.9), with all full texts freely visible to clinicians and researchers all over the world (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/2000/).

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Journal

Cancer Biology & Medicine

Subject of Research

Not applicable

Article Title

Special Issue on Cancer Epidemiology

 

New clues about the causes of severe headaches

Karolinska Institutet

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Inflammation, altered gene regulation, and exposure to substances in tobacco smoke may all contribute to the development of cluster headache. This is demonstrated by two new studies from Karolinska Institutet, which improve our understanding of the biological mechanisms behind this painful condition.

Cluster headache is a rare neurological disorder characterised by sudden, severe headache attacks. Due to the extreme pain, it is sometimes referred to as 'suicide headache', and the underlying causes remain largely unknown. In two new studies, researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden have investigated both genetic and environmental factors that may contribute to cluster headache.

In one study, the researchers analysed genetic risk factors that had previously been identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which compare the entire genome of people with and without the condition. This study involved genetic analyses of over 1,500 individuals, as well asmolecular analyses of blood samples, skin cells, and DNA from smaller groups of patients and control subjects. The results have been published in The Journal of Headache and Pain.

Genes point to inflammation

The researchers confirmed the relevance of seven genes previously associated with cluster headache and demonstrated that several of these genes are expressed differently in individuals with the condition. Six of the seven genes are active in immune cells or are linked to the body’s inflammatory signalling pathways.

“This strengthens the hypothesis that the immune system and inflammation may play a central role in cluster headache,” explains Caroline Ran, associate professor at the Centre for Cluster Headache in the Department of Neuroscience at Karolinska Institutet. “Several of the genes influence the same biological signalling pathways, which provides us with important clues about the mechanisms behind the condition.”

The second study, published in the journal Cephalalgia, investigated whether exposure to substances in tobacco smoke affects the regulation of genes in people with cluster headache. Previous studies have shown that people with this condition smoke more frequently than the general population. The researchers analysed blood, DNA, and cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients and healthy control subjects. The number of participants varied between 26 and 79, depending on the analysis.

Exposure to heavy metals

People with cluster headache had markers indicating increased exposure to heavy metals and other substances found in tobacco smoke. They also had changes in markers that regulate DNA methylation, a mechanism that influences how active different genes are.

“This study cannot prove cause and effect, but the results suggest that environmental factors, such as heavy metals in tobacco smoke, may interact with biological mechanisms in cluster headache,” says Andrea Carmine Belin, associate professor at the Centre for Cluster Headache in the Department of Neuroscience at Karolinska Institutet.

The researchers emphasise that both studies have limitations. The biological analyses were carried out on relatively small groups of participants, and several of the findings need to be confirmed in larger studies.

The studies were carried out in collaboration with Karolinska University Hospital and other researchers at Karolinska Institutet. Funding for the research came from the Mellby Gård Foundation, the Swedish Brain Foundation, Region Stockholm, the Swedish Research Council, the International Headache Society and the Swedish Headache Society, among others. The researchers state that they have no conflicts of interest.

Publications:

“Genome-wide association susceptibility loci for cluster headache support a role for inflammation in the pathophysiology”, Caroline Ran, Clémence Deborgies Sanches, Julia Swedblom, Katrin Wellfelt, Alessandro Antoniazzi, Joseph Lloyd, Felicia Jennysdotter Olofsgård, Stefan Spulber, Elisabet Waldenlind, Maria Lantz, Anna Steinberg, Anna Sundholm, Christina Sjöstrand, Andrea Carmine Belin, The Journal of Headache and Pain, online 4 August 2026, doi: 10.1186/s10194-026-02485-x.

“Increased markers of heavy metal exposure and DNA methylation in cluster headache”, Joseph Lloyd, Katrin Wellfelt, Felicia Jennysdotter Olofsgård, Clémence Deborgies Sanches, Anna Steinberg, Anna Sundholm, Caroline Ran, Andrea Carmine Belin, Cephalalgia, online 25 August 2026, doi: 10.1177/03331024261480707.

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Journal

Cephalalgia

DOI

10.1177/03331024261480707 

Article Title

Increased markers of heavy metal exposure and DNA methylation in cluster headache

Article Publication Date

25-Aug-2026

 

Online reviews risk cyberattacks

Leaving online ratings and reviews can expose hidden social ties, exposing friends to impersonation scams such as phishing

University of Texas at Austin

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On the surface, posting online reviews looks like a win-win activity. It helps both businesses we like and people who might frequent them.

But although posting reviews can benefit others, it can also put us all at risk, according to new research from the McCombs School of Business at The University of Texas at Austin. It can inadvertently expose our personal connections and make us and our online friends more vulnerable to cyberattacks.

The research focuses on a particular kind of email attack called spear phishing. A bad actor impersonates someone the target user trusts. The actor tries to trick the target into sending money or disclosing confidential information, such as passwords or bank accounts.

In recent years, phishing has become big business, says Yan Leng, assistant professor of information, risk, and operations management at McCombs. From 2021 to 2023, she reports, the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center received nearly 1 million complaints involving $305 million in losses.

“Social influence is a good thing,” Leng says. “The problem is that network data could be leaked.”

Exploiting Connections

By network data, Leng means information about our social relationships with people we’re connected to online. They can be on social platforms such as Facebook and review platforms such as Amazon, Google, or Airbnb.

Unlike Facebook, most review platforms don’t list a person’s friends. But Leng suspected that a phisher could figure out someone’s friends from their online behavior, such as reviews they wrote and ratings they provided.

She investigated, with Yijun Chen of the University of Melbourne; Xiaowen Dong of the University of Oxford; Junfeng Wu of the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen; and

Guodong Shi of the University of Sydney.

The researchers used the business review platform Yelp and covered 4,299 reviewers from Louisiana and Pennsylvania in 2020. On Yelp, unlike many review platforms, both texts of reviews and lists of friends were publicly accessible.

That allowed Leng to cross-check her work. First, she analyzed people’s reviews to deduce their networks of connections with other users, as a cyber-attacker might do. Then, she compared those presumed connections with their actual lists of friends.

She found that an attacker could correctly identify 49% of users’ social relationships purely from their online behavior, while incorrectly labeling only 10% of unconnected pairs as connected. When that false-alarm rate rose to 20%, an attacker could correctly identify even more relationships: up to 63%.

Why? The most salient clue was the lengths of Yelp reviews. When two people follow each other, Leng found, there’s an observable relationship between the lengths of their reviews.

If my friend writes longer reviews on Yelp, she explains, I follow suit and also write longer reviews. Another kind of relationship is that, if my friend writes longer reviews, I write only a short review, which can complement theirs.

Once a spear phisher infers a user’s relationships on Yelp, they can send scam texts or emails to that person’s friends, Leng says.

Volume matters, she adds. The more connections a scammer can identify, the more impersonation attempts they can make, and the higher their returns on the costs of targeting and sending emails. For the Pennsylvania data, returns soared from 109% for 500 attempts to 1,098% for 10,000 attempts.

Adding Noise Discourages Scammers

Unfortunately, Leng says, existing privacy laws, such as the European Union’s General Data Protection Regulation, don’t fully protect against this kind of privacy risk. Even if a platform doesn’t publish users’ friend lists, bad actors can infer them from seemingly harmless behavioral data.

To start with, platforms should evaluate whether they’re creating this type of risk, she says. Besides review platforms, e-commerce marketplaces and media-sharing platforms can be vulnerable.

Then, they should develop safeguards to reduce risk. One strategy, she suggests, is to add noise, which she defines as “small, carefully designed random changes to the data before it is released.”

A platform could subtly alter the text of reviews, to vary their lengths without changing their meanings, she explains. That could blur the behavioral fingerprints that reveal relationships without making the data useless for the platform’s own analytics.

In simulations, the researchers found the strategy reduced economic incentives for cyber-attackers, sometimes even making returns negative.

How much noise to add could be a challenge, she cautions. Each platform could choose a privacy budget, based on how much information it needs to retain and how much social privacy risk it is willing to accept.

One thing is clear to her: The current level of privacy risk is unacceptable. Says Leng, “The platforms need to protect not only what users disclose, but also what others can infer.”

“When Behavioral Data Betray Users: A Diagnostic and Protective Framework Against Social Interaction Leakages” is published in Information Systems Research.

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Journal

Information Systems Research

DOI

10.1287/isre.2024.1469 

Article Title

When Behavioral Data Betray Users: A Diagnostic and Protective Framework Against Social Interaction Leakages

 

Global study indicates widespread permafrost degradation

George Washington University

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An international study led by researchers at the George Washington University indicates clear global evidence that permafrost is thawing across much of the planet. Utilizing more than two decades of field observations from 156 monitoring sites across the Arctic, Antarctic and high-mountain regions, the study found increases in the thickness of the active layer, which is the uppermost layer above permafrost that thaws and refreezes each year, confirming that permafrost degradation has accelerated globally between 2000 and 2024.

Published in Communications Earth & Environment, the study represents the first global assessment of long-term active layer monitoring data. Dmitry Streletskiy, lead author on the paper and a professor of geography and international affairs at GW, coordinated the data collection from researchers and monitoring sites around the world, which found significant increases in active layer thickness across the majority of monitored regions. 

Permafrost is ground made up of soil, rock and sediment bound together by ice that remains frozen for at least two consecutive years. It underlies nearly 15% of land surface in the Northern Hemisphere and nearly all ice-free land in Antarctica. As the active layer becomes thicker over time, it signals that the ice deeper in the ground is thawing. 

Thawing permafrost threatens infrastructure built on frozen ground, including roads, railways, airports, pipelines, buildings and utility systems, causing economic and safety challenges for impacted communities. In addition, scientists estimate that the top three meters of permafrost contain around 70 percent of the organic carbon stored in permafrost soils. As the ground thaws, that carbon is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide and methane, which are greenhouse gases known to accelerate climate change.

“One of Earth's most important indicators of climate change is permafrost as it directly reacts to rising temperatures,” Streletskiy said. “The significance of this study lies in the fact that we’re not just looking at isolated hotspots anymore. The collaborative efforts of the involved sites show a pattern that spans continents and climate zones, telling us that global permafrost degradation is already well underway.”

The research synthesized observations collected through the Circumpolar Active Layer Monitoring (CALM) program, a network of sites established in the 1990s to observe the long-term response of permafrost to climatic changes and variations in both hemispheres, as well as partner monitoring networks. The data were collected from sites across North America, Europe, Asia, South America and Antarctica, many of which have been collecting measurements for more than a decade.

Key Findings:

• Permafrost degradation is widespread. Active layer thickness increased significantly at 55% of Arctic sites and 38% of Antarctic sites, while increases were observed at more than 90% of monitored mountain sites in Europe and high-elevation regions of Asia, as well as at monitored sites in South America.

• Mountain regions experienced the fastest changes. Several high-elevation sites saw the active layer double in thickness, making mountainous permafrost regions among the most rapidly changing environments.

• Arctic warming and increasing rainfall are driving change. Statistical analyses found that rising temperatures were the primary driver of active layer thickening in the Arctic. Increasing precipitation, particularly rainfall, served as another important contributor.

• More monitoring is needed worldwide. While the Arctic has the longest and most extensive monitoring record, researchers say expanding long-term observations in Antarctica and mountain regions will improve scientists' ability to understand regional drivers of permafrost change.

The findings build on previous work by Streletskiy and colleagues documenting the growing societal costs of thawing permafrost. Earlier studies found that degradation of frozen ground and its impact on transportation systems, buildings, energy infrastructure and other critical assets throughout cold regions could put as much as 50% of Arctic infrastructure at high risk of damage by 2050, costing countries tens of billions of dollars. As temperatures continue to rise, those impacts will become more widespread and costly.

The paper, "Long-term Monitoring of Active Layer Thickness Confirms Global Permafrost Degradation," appears in Communications Earth & Environment.

Photos are available here. 
 

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Article Publication Date

26-Aug-2026

 

Using FDA addiction science, researcher asks: Do salty, high-fat foods act like drugs?

University of Kansas

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LAWRENCE — University of Kansas researcher Tera Fazzino is investigating whether “hyperpalatable” foods marketed to Americans — foods formulated with artificially high amounts of fat, salt and carbohydrates — have traits commonly associated with addictive substances. She recently earned a $2.8 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to test the idea using experimental practices standard in the field of regulatory research.

“We’re using methodology that has already been established in the areas of tobacco and drug regulatory science and is required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for any testing of nicotine or other tobacco or pharmaceutical products that enter the market,” said Fazzino, associate professor of psychology at KU and director of the Life Span Institute’s Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research & Treatment. “We're using methodology that’s already been established with known substances and addictive drugs and is used for screening and surveillance and regulatory efforts. We're applying it to testing the addictive properties of these foods.”

Fazzino and her colleagues will recruit around 168 participants, then provide them with different “potato chip” food stimuli produced in coordination with the Food Innovation Accelerator program at Kansas State University-Olathe. The food stimuli will differ in their formulations, and their formulations won't be known by participants.

“In the lab, they will sample a chip food stimulus,” Fazzino said. “Then they'll answer some questions about what they think about the chips, how much they like them and then complete some behavioral tasks.”

These tasks will help measure the chips’ “reinforcing effects,” said the KU researcher.

“One will be a self-administration task where they will earn chips to eat,” she said. “We chose chips because this type of savory, salty, carb- and/or fat-heavy food is very characteristic of the U.S. food environment. It’s a kind of a nice, initial food stimulus to use that would have pretty broad applicability to the entire food supply.”

The chip study is based on long-established methodology used by FDA regulators to assess “abuse liability,” which the agency defines as “the potential of a substance to result in addiction and be used repeatedly or even sporadically resulting in undesirable effects.”

“Typical abuse-liability paradigms test the addictive properties of a substance by designing an experiment called an acute dose-response paradigm, where they test different concentrations of the drug,” Fazzino said. “The main comparison is what's called a negative control, which has none of the reinforcing characteristics of the substance being tested. So, for example, if we were testing the addictive properties of vaping products for nicotine, the negative control there would be just vapor without the nicotine in it. We’ve designed our paradigm accordingly, and this acute dose-response paradigm is the gold standard for testing the addictive properties of substances.”

Results could help identify specific ingredients or ingredient combinations that boost a food’s reinforcing properties.

“These foods contain combinations of nutrients, such as fat and sodium or carbohydrates and sodium, at levels that are uncommon in nature,” Fazzino said. “If you remove one of those key nutrients, the food should become less reinforcing.”

The KU researcher said her findings might inform regulators and policymakers, not just fellow scholars.

“The grant was written in a way that we could be able to provide direct evidence to the FDA about the abuse liability of these food stimuli, with the intention of informing potential regulatory action,” she said.

Fazzino recently published findings into how the tobacco industry used practices from cigarette sales to formulate and market hyperpalatable foods in the U.S. and globally in the 1980s and 1990s, with a legacy of negative consequences public health. She said she hopes her new research could spur U.S. policymakers, who she said lag behind regulators in other parts of the world.

“South America is leading the way,” Fazzino said. “Countries like Colombia and Chile have been very proactive in enacting regulatory action to protect their populations from these foods and to prevent these foods from taking over their food supplies. That’s included bans on marketing, especially to children. That has also included really strong, very clear black warning labels with white letters indicating this is ultra-processed or this is unhealthy in some way, and taxation on certain products.”

The NIH grant will enable hiring of a postdoctoral researcher dedicated to the project, fund work by graduate students, and give research and training opportunities to KU undergraduates.

“It's funding not only the study, but student trainees,” Fazzino said. “We have a new postdoc who just joined us. We have research coordinators who will all get state-of-the-art training and experience working on this study. This is really on the forefront of addiction science.”

 Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS)

SwRI expands flow component testing to include supercritical CO₂ environments for CCUS

Advanced computer models developed also realistically simulate intense sCO₂ environments

Southwest Research Institute

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Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has expanded its flow component testing capabilities to include supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) environments. In addition to conducting the flow testing, Dr. Raouf Tajik, an SwRI research engineer, and Jacqueline Manders, P.E., an assistant program manager in SwRI’s Thermofluids Section, helped develop a computational fluid dynamics model for virtual evaluations.

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Credit: Southwest Research Institute

SAN ANTONIO — August 26, 2026 — Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has expanded its flow component research capabilities to include testing and computational modeling for carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) in realistic supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) environments. As the energy industry continues to invest in CCUS projects, more wells are being designed to handle injection of carbon dioxide (CO₂) underground, where the fluid can reach a supercritical state, presenting an intense environment for downhole equipment.

sCO₂ near-ambient temperatures has high density, rapidly changing fluid properties that can present a challenging environment for oil and gas and CCUS equipment, creating uncertainty about downhole device performance and durability. For example, interactions with sCO2 may affect the performance of inflow control devices, interval control valves, screens and other components that are crucial for managing injection or production rates, limiting unwanted water or gas in the well, and protecting the reservoir itself.

SwRI has a long history as an industry leader in CO2 research and development, including CCUS and sCO2 power cycle applications. Staff members have conducted numerous U.S. Department of Energy and commercial projects advancing the efficiency, reliability and commercial readiness of sCO2 power cycle turbomachinery, heat exchangers, valves and systems. These projects have tested equipment with CO2 in gas, liquid, supercritical, multiphase and mixture configurations at flow rates over 200 lbm/s and pressures over 3700 psi.

During a recent internally funded project, SwRI created and utilized a test rig that can pump sCO₂ through downhole tools at realistic temperature and pressure conditions.

“Previously, downhole tool testing was done with representative fluids, like water or air, but that doesn’t really match how supercritical CO₂ behaves at depth,” said Jacqueline Manders, P.E., an assistant program manager in SwRI’s Thermofluids Section. “To ensure realistic well conditions, we built the capability to test with CO₂ and observe downhole tool performance and reliability in that environment.”

Alongside the physical tests, SwRI has built computer models of the same setups, recreating the geometry of each tool under evaluation. The researchers used SwRI’s in-house high-performance computer cluster, which uses hundreds of processors, to run detailed 3D models of CO2 flow.

“The models include the relevant physics, such as CO₂ property changes with pressure, temperature, flow turbulence and heat transfer,” said Dr. Raouf Tajik, a research engineer in SwRI’s Thermofluids Section. “After comparing the model’s predictions to the testing outcomes, we can run more scenarios under different conditions without having to do additional physical tests.”

SwRI conducts flow testing in its Gas-Oil Inflow Control Device Test Facility, evaluating equipment performance over a range of two-phase oil and gas flow conditions, and performs accreditation activities in its Flow Component Test Facility, qualifying safety-critical flow components used in oil and gas wells and offshore production systems.

These new test and simulation capabilities are now available to oil and gas and CCUS operators who need to qualify downhole tools for sCO₂ service.

For more information, visit Flow Component Testing, Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Technologies, sCO2 Power Systems.

 

Southwest Research Institute (SwRI) has expanded its flow component testing capabilities to include supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO₂) environments. This includes its Gas-Oil Inflow Control Device (ICD) Test Facility, where SwRI conducted flow testing to evaluate equipment performance over a range of two-phase oil and gas flow conditions.

Credit

Southwest Research Institute