Tuesday, April 19, 2022

 

'If you show up, I win': Inside Patrick Brown's drive for Conservative leadership

Brown courts migrant vote

OTTAWA - An apology to the Tamil community, improving cricket infrastructure, and putting a visa office in Kathmandu are just some of the promises Patrick Brown has made in hopes of becoming the next leader of the Conservative Party of Canada.

But a search for these pledges on the campaign website, and social media accounts of the Brampton, Ont., mayor come up empty.

They appear only to exist in pitches he delivered to leaders and members of the country's Tamil and Nepalese community, whom he's courting, among other immigrant and racialized Canadians, to buy party memberships as the clock ticks down to the June 3 deadline.

And while Brown's main rival, Pierre Poilievre, is drawing crowds by the thousands, the former MP and leader of Ontario's Progressive Conservatives has been criss-crossing the country, making his case to rooms of sometimes only as many as 20.

A glimpse into his strategy can be found in a series of videos and clips shared on Facebook by those who attended such events, including a meeting Brown had with Muslim community members in British Columbia, 17 minutes of which was livestreamed April 1.

"In the existing Conservative membership Pierre is more popular. The existing Conservative membership wants someone who is more hard- right," says Brown, seated on a couch as others appeared in nearby chairs listening to him answer their questions.

"My path to victory is not winning the party membership," he says. "My path to victory is bringing new people in and having a decent level of support within the party."

He says they have a large campaign in the Sikh, Muslim, Tamil and Chinese communities "that have all felt mistreated by the party"

After a brief pause, Brown says: "If we pull this off, this is part of Canadian history."

Since entering the race, Brown has fashioned himself as a fighter for religious freedoms, pointing to his vocal opposition of the controversial secularism law in Quebec known by its legislative title of Bill 21. Passed in 2019, it prohibits public servants in positions of authority from wearing religious symbols, like hijabs, turbans, kippahs on the job.

While Brown includes that in his speeches, he goes further: He bills the leadership contest as a chance for communities to see their interests better reflected in federal policy and as a way to put both a friend and an ally in the Prime Minister's Office, which is where he tells them he believes the next Conservative leader is headed, after three terms of Liberal rule.

Among those he's targeting are Nepalese Canadians. His campaign includes a coordinator dedicated to signing up at least 5,000 from their community.

In a roughly 36-minute Facebook video shared April 3, Brown tells a room of them in Mississauga, Ont., that as group, they have "never played a significant role in a Conservative party leadership."

Getting involved will open the door to seeing community members represented in the country's institutions of power, he says, noting the lack of Nepalese faces within government.

"If you're not part of the process it's easy to get forgotten," Brown says.

Near the end of the video, he requests their help by adding that "I never forget those that are part of my journey. We support each other, we create opportunities for each other."

That speech followed an earlier one livestreamed on March 13, the day the Brampton, Ont., mayor launched his leadership bid at a rally in the Greater Toronto Area city.

In the video, he promises a room of Nepalese community members that as prime minister, he would station a visa office in the country's capital of Kathmandu and invest in cricket infrastructure.

When it comes to the Tamils, an ethnic minority in Sri Lanka, Brown has credited its community leaders and members for signing up in record numbers during Ontario's 2015 Progressive Conservative leadership race, which he won and reported selling a whopping 40,000 memberships.

Speaking at an event to Tamil community members in Quebec last month, Brown expressed support for putting a consular office in the Sri Lankan city of Jaffna and pledged to deliver them an apology as prime minister.

"In the years leading up to 2009, Canada was on the wrong side of history,'" said Brown.

That year, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, which Public Safety Canada lists as a Sri Lankan-based terrorist organization, was defeated. Ottawa says in its listing the group, formed in 1976 to advocate for the creation of a homeland for the Tamils, has waged terror against civilians and assassinated Indian and Sri Lankan leaders.

Speaking at a different Tamil event, a roughly three minute clip posted to Facebook shows Brown seated at a table promising to "lift the ban," saying he feels that Tamil Tigers were "acting in self-defence."

In a statement to The Canadian Press, campaign spokesman Jeff Silverstein says Brown stands by his policy announcements. They will appear on his campaign website in due course, as their immediate focus is on selling memberships, he said.

Silverstein added Brown believes it's time to delist the ban on the Tamil Tigers, citing the stigma community members face.

He also said Brown's relationship with the Nepalese Canadian community goes back 15 years and that his campaign team reflects the county's diversity.

Brown's campaign says what he's trying to do is rebuild bridges the party burned with cultural communities during its reelection campaign in 2015 — an issue most recently acknowledged in a report into the Conservatives' 2021 election loss. By April 8, the campaign says, Brown had attended about 200 events over the past three weeks.

Back then, the Tories, led by former prime minister Stephen Harper, promised to establish a tip line for so-called barbaric cultural practices and pushed a bill banning the wearing of face coverings, like niqabs, during citizenship ceremonies.

Brown is campaigning on the fact Poilievre was in government at that time and Jenni Byrne, an aide on his current leadership bid, was the party's national campaign manger in 2015.

"The Conservative Party will never win if Pierre Poilievre gets his way and keeps driving cultural communities away by doubling down on failed discriminatory policies like the niqab ban," Silverstein wrote on Sunday.

"Mayor Brown is working hard to undo that damage and build a winning Conservative Party — and he’ll never apologize for it."

To illustrate what's at stake in the leadership race for racialized communities, particularly Muslims, Brown points to this history from Byrne and Poilievre.

He references the 2015 campaign in a 20-minute video of a meeting with Muslim leaders in Calgary in mid-April. In it, he says he doesn't want to see the political polarization created under former United States President Donald Trump's tenure imported into Canada. He also adds, the country's right wing has a problem with Islamophobia.

At one point, he tells them he doesn't know how "Pierre votes against condemning Islamophobia." In 2017, both Conservative and Bloc Québécois MPs voted against a motion brought forward by a Liberal MP in the House of Commons to condemnit.

"This Conservative leadership's a battle for the soul of the party," Brown told the room.

"If you show up, I win."

This report by The Canadian Press was first published April 18, 2022

VANCOUVER

North Shore residents disagree with old-growth logging (and blocking bridges): poll

The majority say we should stop logging old growth but less than 15 per cent agree with blocking bridges.
Old-growth activists blocked the Ironworkers bridge during rush hour Monday, Jan 31.

Protesters opposed to old-growth logging in B.C. have blocked the North Shore's bridges and highways three times in the last two weeksalong with Highway 1 in Burnaby.

The group behind the civil disobedience says they will be escalating their actions until the B.C. government halts logging activities.

But how do the North Shore's residents and commuters feel?

North Shore News polled 1,268 readers and asked the question: What do you think of old-growth logging protesters blocking the North Shore's bridges?

The poll ran from April 6 to 14. Of the 1,268 votes, we can determine that 565 are from within the community. The full results are as follows:

It is a legitimate tactic to draw attention to an important cause. 14.87% local14.20% total  
I agree we should stop old-growth logging but I do not agree with blocking bridges. 57.17% local53.79% total  
I don't agree with their position or their tactics. 27.96% local31.94% total  
  Local   Total

The province recently announced an old-growth logging deferral plan, which has secured 1.7 million hectares from destruction.

Results are based on an online study of adult North Shore News readers that are located in North Vancouver and West Vancouver. The margin of error – which measures sample variability – is +/- 2.74%, 19 times out of 20.

North Shore News uses a variety of techniques to capture data, detect and prevent fraudulent votes, detect and prevent robots, and filter out non-local and duplicate votes.

Unregulated Texas Gas Pipeline Triggers a Huge Methane Leak

(Bloomberg) -- A natural gas pipeline in Texas leaked so much of the super-potent greenhouse gas methane in little more than an hour that by one estimate its climate impact was equivalent to the annual emissions from about 16,000 U.S. cars.

The leak came from a 16-inch (41-centimeter) pipe that’s a tiny part of a vast web of unregulated lines across the U.S., linking production fields and other sites to bigger transmission lines. Although new federal reporting requirements start next month for so-called gathering lines, the incident highlights the massive climate damage even minor parts of the network can inflict.

Energy Transfer LP, which operates the line where the leak occurred through its ETC Texas Pipeline Ltd. unit, said an investigation into the cause of the event last month is ongoing and all appropriate regulatory notifications were made. It called the pipe an “unregulated gathering line.’’

The timing of the release and its location appeared to match a plume of methane observed by a European Space Agency satellite that geoanalytics firm Kayrros SAS called the most severe in the U.S. in a year. Bloomberg investigations into methane observed by satellite near energy facilities show the invisible plumes often coincide with routine work and deliberate releases.

Methane is the primary component of natural gas and traps 84 times more heat than carbon dioxide during its first 20 years in the atmosphere. Severely curbing or eliminating releases of the gas from fossil fuel operations is crucial to avoiding the worst of climate change. The International Energy Agency has said oil and gas operators should move beyond emissions intensity goals and adopt a zero-tolerance approach to methane releases.

ETC Texas Pipeline reported a “line break” that lasted from 8:08 a.m. to 9:17 a.m. local time March 17 on its Big Cowboy pipeline that is jointly owned with Kinder Morgan Inc., according to a filing to the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. The incident caused a release of 52,150 thousand standard cubic feet of natural gas.

The event likely released about 900 metric tons of methane into the atmosphere, according to the Environmental Defense Fund, a non-profit group that has used aerial surveys to map releases of the fossil gas over oil and gas operations in the U.S. Permian basin. That amount of the greenhouse gas will trap about as much heat as 75,600 tons of carbon dioxide during its first two decades in the atmosphere.

The ETC Texas Pipeline filing to the TCEQ didn’t include an estimate for how much methane was released and the state agency said it doesn’t regulate releases of the gas. The Texas Railroad Commission said it has an ongoing investigation into the Big Cowboy incident without elaborating. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency said that as of April 7 it hadn’t received a report about the release but that it’s communicating with the TCEQ.

One of the major insights from satellite observations of methane is the amount of total emissions for which super-emission events are responsible. Although these events can be infrequent and sometimes only last a few hours, oil and gas ultra-emitters account for as much as 12% of global methane emissions from the sector, according to a study published in Science in February by French and American scientists. The researchers used satellite observations to identify more than 1,800 major releases of the gas.

The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration said it hasn’t received reports of a release for any regulated facilities in the area and that the Texas Railroad Commission has oversight for the Big Cowboy line. Federal pipeline safety regulations and reporting requirements will apply to onshore gas gathering lines starting May 16.

Except for rare over-pressurization events that can pose significant safety risks, there are almost always ways to significantly minimize methane releases from pipelines, according to Bill Caram, executive director at the Pipeline Safety Trust. However, these techniques haven’t been required in the U.S. Since pipeline operators are reimbursed for any lost or unaccounted gas through their negotiated rates, they have no financial incentive to keep the gas in the pipe, he added.

“Ultimately, the consumer is paying for all of this climate-wrecking methane being released into the atmosphere,’’ Caram said in an email.

©2022 Bloomberg L.P.

Rising interest rates pushing more Albertans toward bankruptcy

People were in trouble financially pre-pandemic and that financial pit has only grown deeper over the last year

Author of the article: Josh Aldrich
jaldrich@postmedia.com
Publishing date: Apr 18, 2022
Calgary's downtown with homes in the foreground on Tuesday, January 25, 2022. PHOTO BY DARREN MAKOWICHUK/POSTMEDIA

MNP released its Consumer Debt Index on Monday, and while the picture was not good for Canadians in general from the effects of the rising interest rate coupled with a soaring cost of living, Alberta was in worse shape than the rest of the country.

Donna Carson, a licensed insolvency trustee, said the issue predates the pandemic and was compounded by the 2014-15 recession. And those financial challenges have grown over the past year.

“The thought in the back of my mind during the pandemic has been, ‘Where has that debt gone during COVID, it didn’t just disappear,’ ” she said.

Carson said pre-pandemic, about 1,450 Albertans a month filed for consumer bankruptcy. Those numbers dropped by 30 per cent during the pandemic, but have jumped in the past few months by 18 per cent to almost 1,200 filings a month.

The poll was conducted by Ipsos for MNP between March 9 and 15.

The Bank of Canada has raised the interest rate twice this year in a bid to curb inflation — from 0.25 per cent at the beginning of the year to 0.5 per cent March 2, and to one per cent April 13. It is likely not the final increase this year.

Carson said for a homeowner with a $400,000, 25-year mortgage at 3.5 per cent, the increase amounts to an extra $65,000 in interest, or about $300 per month.

The Consumer Debt Index shows 52 per cent of Alberta households were within $200 of not making all of their financial obligations at the end of the month. It is the highest mark in Canada and feeds into 61 per cent of Albertans being concerned about rising interest rates.


Anupam Das, a professor of economics at Mount Royal University, called the situation a “vicious cycle.” As people struggle to manage expenses during inflation or job loss, they have borrowed more money. Rising interest rates puts them further in debt and their monthly expenses increase beyond their means.

Meanwhile, raising the interest rate will take months to have an effect on slowing inflation. This means that while people are grappling with higher interest they will also continue to be faced with increased costs for everyday goods.

For Das, the concern goes beyond individuals.

“If people start becoming bankrupt like that, then of course the whole housing market will collapse, which will have an overall impact on the economy,” he said, while preaching caution as the numbers represent potential bankruptcies and not active filings.

Alberta also has one of the highest unemployment rates in Canada at 6.5 per cent.


Das said Albertans are still largely at the mercy of a volatile oil and gas sector, which has large effects on the population and helps feed a red-hot real estate and rental market.

Carson said not everyone being pushed closer to bankruptcy will end up filing. Some will get their financial house in order through a number of different tools, while others will file for a restructuring of some kind or file a consumer proposal.

She said the important thing is to set pride aside and to talk to a licensed professional about options.

“Fear of the unknown is scary,” said Carson, emphasizing the need to sit down and write out a complete budget and financial picture. “Rip the Band-Aid off and see where I am at today. If I don’t know where I am today I’m not going to get to where I want tomorrow.”



31% of Canadians don't earn enough to pay their bills: Survey


Columnist image
Noah Zivitz

Managing Editor, BNN Bloomberg






A new survey suggests almost one-third of Canadians aren't pulling in enough income to cover basic monthly expenses.

Thirty-one per cent of respondents to an Ipsos survey conducted for MNP said they don't earn enough to pay their bills and debt payments, and almost half of all respondents (49 per cent) said they are within $200 of insolvency.

“It's a bit unnerving. It almost seems unrealistic. But this is what the survey continues to tell us, that people are concerned and that they're $200 away from not making their financial obligations,” said Grant Bazian, president of MNP Ltd., in an interview.

Two thousand Canadian adults were surveyed by Ipsos from March 9-15 — about one week after the Bank of Canada raised its main policy rate for the first time since 2018. The central bank ramped up its efforts to rein in inflation last week when it delivered its first half-point hike since 2000, and also announced it would start allowing its balance sheet to shrink later this month.

The survey for MNP demonstrates the extent to which some Canadians were being squeezed prior to last week's supersized hike.

A little more than half of respondents (52 per cent) said in March they were already feeling the effects of higher rates, according to the release from MNP on Monday.

“I would imagine now that with the extra (rate) increase that's already happened, that angst and nervousness has probably picked up even more,” said Bazian.

The most recent official data from the Office of the Superintendent of Bankruptcy, shows 7,392 Canadians filed either for bankruptcy or a proposal to settle debts under alternate terms in February. That was a 12.6 per cent increase from January, and a dip of 1.6 per cent from a year earlier. By comparison, prior to the pandemic taking hold in Canada, there were 11,251 bankruptcy and proposal filings by consumers in February 2020.

Bazian said there was “most definitely” some complacency among Canadians as emergency COVID-19 aid programs shielded households from the economic ravages of the pandemic. He added that the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) wasn’t as aggressive for a period of time, and that banks didn’t “want to be seen as the bad guy.”

Bazian acknowledged that the survey is strictly based on sentiment, since Ipsos and MNP aren’t analyzing respondents’ financial accounts. However, he said that with the overall survey index slipping to the lowest level since it was introduced in 2017, there are worrying signs about how some Canadian households are holding up.

“Our index is very clear. It’s the sentiment of the Canadian. They’re showing that they’re more concerned now than ever.”

Survey respondents who were in the market for a mortgage demonstrated some notable cautiousness in March. Among Canadians who said they're planning to renew their mortgage in the next 12 months, 91 per cent said they're planning to be more careful about how they spend money, compared to 81 per cent among the broader population.

The Bank of Canada's rate hikes ripple through the country's housing markets by pushing up prime rates, which are linked to variable-rate mortgages. For Canadians who take out fixed-rate mortgages, the bond market was pushing up the cost of borrowing long before the central bank started hiking.

“I like to say the glue that holds all this together was low interest rates. It’s (sic) been so low for so long a period that people are structuring their finances around those low interest rates,” Bazian said.

“So when the subsidies and the relief is coming to an end, and the grace periods by some of the lending institutions may be coming to an end, coupled with rising interest rates — I think that’s where you’re getting the nervous tendencies.”

Almost 60% of Canadians concerned about 

not being able to pay debts as interest rates 

head upward



A Consumer Debt Index survey in March found that two in 

10 respondents aren’t financially prepared to deal with 

rising interest rates and four in 10 worry they may be 

driven closer to bankruptcy.
Business Reporter
Tue., April 19, 2022

The latest Bank of Canada rate hike — and the promise of more to come — has Canadians worried about their bottom line.

MNP’s Consumer Debt Index surveyed 2,000 Canadians in March, not long after the Bank of Canada raised its key interest rate to 0.5 per cent. Since then, the bank raised its rate again, this time to one per cent.

But in March, consumers were already feeling the pinch.

The survey found that more than half the respondents were already feeling the effects, with almost six in 10 growing more concerned about being able to pay their debts.

Two in 10 said they aren’t financially prepared to deal with rising interest rates, and four in 10 said they may be driven closer to bankruptcy.

Meanwhile, inflation isn’t slowing down anytime soon. The Bank of Canada expects it to average almost six per cent in the first half of 2022, and experts say the BoC will keep raising its key rate as a result.

And as the year marches on, with rates expected to keep going up, almost half of respondents are worried they won’t be able to cover their expenses without going further into debt. Around half said they are $200 or less away from not being able to meet all their financial obligations. Almost a third are already there.

Grant Bazian, president of MNP, said the financial and emotional pressure Canadians expressed in the survey will only go up as interest rates do the same. In the short term, Canadians should expect a “double whammy” of rising interest and skyrocketing inflation until the former (hopefully) helps calm the latter, he said.

“I think it’s definitely adding fuel to the fire,” said Bazian, though he called it a “necessary fuel.”

Ted Michalos, a licensed insolvency trustee at Hoyes, Michalos & Associates Inc., said rising interest rates often have a psychological effect before they have a financial one. Right now, many people are affected financially more by the costs of food, gas and other necessities affected by inflation, while future rate hikes are causing stress and worry.

But the financial impact of rising rates is just around the corner for many Canadians, said Michalos.

For those with a variable-rate mortgage, the pinch will be felt right away, with rising rates adding hundreds or even thousands more to their annual costs.

Those with a fixed-rate mortgage will have more time to prepare, but can’t stave off the rate hikes forever. And the millions of Canadians renewing their mortgages in the next year are in for “sticker shock,” he said.

“When that does hit, it’s going to be dramatic,” said Michalos.

Five per cent of respondents say they’re going to be renewing their mortgage in the next 12 months — applied to the population of Canada, that’s two million Canadians. And a recent survey from Mortgage Professionals Canada found that almost 40 per cent of Canadian mortgage holders will have to renew in the next two years.

If you’re lucky enough to have a fixed-rate mortgage, now is the time to prepare for the eventual renewal and rate jump that will come with it, said Bazian. “It really comes down to cash flow.”

But while much ado is made about mortgage-holders, MNP found that renters were actually more likely to be concerned about their ability to pay down their debts, and were more likely to say that rising rates could move them toward bankruptcy.

Between low interest rates, government subsidies and overall leniency, the pandemic saw low rates of bankruptcy and insolvency, said Bazian. But he predicts this is the year that many will reach a tipping point, and we will start to see those numbers go up.

“I think the glue that was holding it all together was the low interest rates,” said Bazian.

If you’re worried about your financial future, Bazian said you don’t need to wait until you’re on the verge of bankruptcy to call a professional. In fact, you may benefit from debt consolidation now, he said, which could help prevent a more severe situation down the road.

Talking to a debt management professional could also just help you feel better about rising interest rates, he added.

“Getting information is a way to ease anxiety,” he said.

Interest has been practically free for years now, said Michalos, leading many to forget the double-digit rates of earlier decades.

His advice is always to reduce one’s exposure to debt, though of course that’s easier said than done.

“The less debt you’re carrying, the less exposed you are to those kinds of changes,” said Michalos.

With files from The Canadian Press
Canadians consider certain religions damaging to society: survey

By Ashleigh Stewart Global News
Posted April 18, 2022 

WATCH: A new survey by the Angus Reid Institute suggests Canadians aren't keeping their faith, with only 18 per cent identifying as religiously committed. Others say some religions are harmful to society. Mike Drolet explains why more Canadians are losing their religion.



Many Canadians now believe Catholicism, evangelical Christianity and Islam are more damaging to society than beneficial, a new survey shows, as people across the country continue to turn their backs on religion.


A new Angus Reid survey, released Monday, has shone a light on perceptions of certain religions in post-pandemic Canada, at a time when religiosity in the country is already at an all-time low.

“Broader society still is not fully comfortable and fully clear about what to do with religion, and therefore they show some signs of discomfort,” Abdie Kazemipur, a University of Calgary sociologist and the chair in ethnic studies, explains.

“It’s not intolerance at the moment, it is discomfort.”

The survey reveals that all religious groups surveyed viewed evangelical Chistianity as more damaging to society than beneficial, while Islam was also perceived in a largely negative light. Respondents from both religions were also more likely to feel that Canada doesn’t make room for their beliefs in society.

3:41 Religion: One-fifth of Canadians see themselves as non-believers, poll shows


Rania Lawendy, CEO of Action for Humanity and former Muslim Association of Canada spokesperson, says that’s because Islamophobia remains rife in Canada and Muslims are still made to feel that their religion is “not conducive to the universal values of Canada.”

“You only feel ‘othered’ when others make you feel like ‘the others’,” Lawendy says.

“How can I not feel othered when Bill 21 exists?”

The survey comes after data released by Statistics Canada in late 2021 showed only 68 per cent of Canadians 15 or older now report having a religious affiliation. It’s the first time that number has dipped below 70 per cent since StatCan began tracking the data in 1985.

3:21 How has religion’s role changed over the years for Canadians? – Jan 8, 2022

Canadians now largely 'spiritually uncertain'

The new Angus Reid data is a culmination of two 2022 surveys — one conducted between Jan. 21 and Feb. 3 and including a group of 1,290 Canadians from the four largest non-Christian faith groups (Muslim, Sikh, Hindu and Jewish) and another conducted from April 5 to 7, involving 1,708 participants from the general population.

The data shows that one-fifth of Canadians (19 per cent) now classify themselves as “non-believers.”

The largest group of Canadians are the “spiritually uncertain,” representing 46 per cent of the population. One-third (34 per cent) definitely believe in God or a higher power, while 31 per cent think a higher power exists but are less certain.



READ MORE: ‘Gone by 2040’: Why some religions are declining in Canada faster than ever

More than half of those who identify as Roman Catholics (52 per cent) and mainstream Protestants (56 per cent) fall into the spiritually uncertain category.

Just 16 per cent of Canadians consider themselves “religiously committed,” with high levels of worship and belief in God, while 19 per cent are “privately faithful.”
3:09 Evangelical Fellowship of Canada director explains misperceptions about ‘devout’ religions


In terms of religions themselves, three-quarters of evangelical Christians (74 per cent) and 46 per cent of Muslims are considered religiously committed, while those raised in the Sikh or Hindu faiths tend to be considered “privately faithful” — those who do not necessarily gather as formally and frequently, but continue to profess a strong personal connection to their religion.

Why evangelicals and Islam are 'damaging'

It is, in turn, the two most committed religions — evangelical Christianity and Islam — which have been reported as more damaging than beneficial to society, according to the new research.

However, these assessments varied widely depending on what religion the respondent identified as.

Survey results showed that atheists, in particular, were overwhelmingly critical of the influence of evangelical Christians on society, but are largely positive about the perceived impacts of Sikhs and Hindus.

Canada’s largest religious group — Roman Catholics — are more likely to perceive evangelical Christians, Muslims and Sikhs as doing more harm than benefit to the social fabric of the country but view other faiths positively.

0:53 Police investigating ‘possible hate-motivated crime’ on Mississauga, Ont. mosque – Mar 19, 2022

“There are different dynamics behind the kinds of sentiments that are expressed for these different groups,” Kazempiur explains.

“In the case of Muslims, to some extent, and Sikhs, it is their visibility plus the global debates. In the case of evangelicals, I think it is more that sort of persistence and that aggressiveness in their approach that worries people… that sort of discipline and that sort of insistence worries people because they feel that there must be a strong agenda behind this, beyond religion.”

Kazemipur says the “visibility” of Sikhism and Islam is due to the wearing of religious symbols, such as hijabs or turbans.


Lawendy says Canadians have a misperception of what Islam is, often believing it to be a violent religion founded on extremism, due to “how it’s portrayed in the media.”

“If Canadians actually knew what it meant to be Muslim, they’d be encouraging Muslim immigration,” she says.

But, according to the survey, for those who reported no religious affiliation, only the presence of Hinduism, Sikhism and Judaism are more likely to be seen as positive than negative for Canada.

Evangelicals say they are portrayed as 'deviants'


Evangelical Christianity — which encompasses dozens of denominations such as Baptist, Pentecostal and Mennonite and characterized by its piety — was the only religion seen as more damaging than beneficial by every other self-identified religious group.

Rick Hiemstra, director of research at the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada, says the religion now makes up about seven per cent of the Canadian population, down from about 12 per cent in 2003. However, he says it’s hard to gauge accurate numbers as, in the past two decades, many churches have sought to distance themselves from evangelicalism due to its negative connotations.

“People sort of shun the labels and you see this in a lot of churches, who are distancing themselves from the denominational tradition, becoming community churches and taking Baptists or Pentecostal out and becoming, say, the Community Church of Ottawa,” Hiemstra says.

1:28  Anglican church could run out of members by 2040: Researcher – Jan 8, 2022

That’s because, he says, devout religions such as theirs are often portrayed negatively in the media or popular culture — with associations to “pedophilia or people behaving badly,” as well as more extreme forms of evangelicalism found in the U.S.

More broadly, he also believes that while once there was a “social benefit” of being considered religious, there is now a “social cost” to it.

“I watch Netflix just like everybody else. And really when you see the perceptions of evangelicals or Christians or religious people, generally… devout religious people are usually presented as deviants,” he says.

“This is really, I think, where people are getting a lot of their ideas about religious people generally and forming those opinions, not based on firsthand experience or knowledge, but based on what they’re presented with.”

1:57 Quebec teacher removed from classroom over hijab – Dec 9, 2021

When it comes to self-reflection, the survey showed that those who identify as religious are, naturally, more likely to believe religion makes positive contributions to Canadian society than negative ones. Two-thirds (67 per cent) of evangelical Christians believe they play a positive role in society, compared to 29 per cent of Roman Catholics.

Hiemstra says this is because evangelical Christians tend to be more generous with donations and volunteering.

On the whole, however, 31 per cent of respondents say the good religion plays in society outweighs the bad, while 22 per cent say the opposite. Almost half of Canadians (47 per cent) say religion contributes good and bad to society in equal amounts.

This has perhaps contributed to perceptions from certain religious groups that their beliefs are not welcome in society. More than half (56 per cent) of evangelical Christians say they feel shut out of society for their beliefs, with Muslims being second most likely, at 26 per cent.


Hiemstra says several factors have contributed to this — more recently because places of worship were considered non-essential services during the pandemic and were closed.
“[It] was sort of an unfortunate language that was adopted,” Hiemstra says.

“So I think a lot of evangelicals and people in religious communities generally sort of reacted to this implicit judgment about their place in society.”

He says Islam and evangelist denominations share a perception of being “strange” to outsiders, and “some of the tension is just the strangeness of of being unfamiliar.”

Rania Lawendy says systemic racism must be addressed in Canada. Supplied

Lawendy believes the number of Muslims who feel shut out of society is likely “much higher” than 26 per cent.

“I deal with microaggressions all the time around my masjid, my intelligence, my education and these stereotypical views from mainly the media, partly from political discourse, partly from white national supremacist groups and partly from polarized politicians. And this was pre-Trump, too,” she says.

“I’m aware of any danger when I go into a masjid, that’s a problem.”

She says systemic racism must be dealt with in Canada before Muslims can feel totally accepted by society. This is part of the work she’s working on to encourage integration and inter-faith dialogue.

“The vision is to be integrated into society but still have your distinct identity. We want to be part of the fabric of Canadian society.”

How immigration sustains religion in Canada

However, these negative feelings towards religious groups don’t necessarily translate to religious intolerance, Kazemipur says, but more of a “nervousness” or “discomfort” from a modern-day society that does not know how to include religion anymore.

This discomfort can wane with time and integration of religious groups – however, if that doesn’t happen, anti-religious views often become anti-immigration views, Kazemipur says. He points to France’s controversial immigration laws for asylum seekers as an example of this.

Canadians born elsewhere are less likely to report no religious affiliation than those born in the country (18 per cent compared to 27 per cent), the survey shows. At least half of those who identify as Muslim, Hindu or Sikh were born outside of Canada.
4:22 University of Calgary sociologist says ‘discomfort’ around certain religions still exists in Canada

A similar trend was reported by StatCan data, because as Christian religiosity falls to unprecedented lows, minority religions such as Sikhism, Islam, Buddhism and Hinduism continue to thrive, fuelled by immigration.

In fact, by 2036, StatCan predicts that the number of people affiliated with non-Christian religions could almost double.


One stand-out aspect of the perceptions portion of the survey concerned Judaism and Islam — which have had a tense and tumultuous history. For Jews in Canada, the only religion they view as more beneficial to society than harmful, other than their own, is Islam. The feeling was reciprocal for Muslims.

In terms of domestic geography, the Prairies continue to be Canada’s most religious provinces, with about one-quarter of respondents in Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba categorized as “religiously committed” — meaning people report high levels of attendance of worship, active prayer and a deep belief in God.

Quebec residents are most likely to eschew religion.


Kazemipur says this is largely down to residents of Quebec living in “homogenous towns or neighbourhoods,” without “a lot of interaction between different groups.”

Women over 55 most likely to be religious

The survey also found that first generation Canadians are much more likely to identify as religious, and being raised in religion remains common in Canada.

Seventy-two per cent of respondents said they grew up with religious teachings, including just over half (54 per cent) of those who currently have no religious affiliation.

Being raised in a religious tradition is more common for those who identify as Muslim (86 per cent) or Roman Catholic (82 per cent) than other religions.

3:21 Sociology teacher on the future of religion in Canada post-pandemic – Jan 8, 2022



Younger Canadians are more likely to be non-believers. One-quarter of men (26 per cent) and 22 per cent of women aged 18 to 34 years old fall into that category. Women over the age of 55 are the most likely of any group to be more religious, and the least likely to be in the non-believer category.

Hiemstra says this decline in religiosity has been accelerated by the pandemic, with many of their churches losing 20 per cent of their participants.


The survey data supports this. In April 2020, just after the onset of the pandemic, there was a slight increase in those reporting as non-believers or spiritually uncertain, whereas there was a slight decline in those who were considered religiously committed or privately faithful.

As to whether or not freedom of conscience and religion is becoming stronger or weaker, Canadians are split. About one-third of respondents believe that freedom is deteriorating in the country, but nearly as many (28 per cent) say it has remained consistent. One-quarter believe freedom of religion and conscience is becoming stronger.

© 2022 Global News, a division of Corus Entertainment Inc.

Albertans more likely to believe in a higher power, pray or attend religious services, survey suggests

Quebeckers more likely to eschew or question religion, the data suggests

Albertans are more likely than most Canadians to pray daily, and engage in other religious practices, according to a new survey. (Travis McEwan/CBC)

Albertans and their fellow Prairie dwellers are more likely to be "religiously committed" than other Canadians, a new survey on faith suggests.

The data, released Monday, suggest a larger proportion of Albertans believe in God or a higher power, routinely read a sacred text or pray, or educate their children in religion compared to people in Ontario, B.C. Quebec or the Atlantic provinces.

The Angus Reid Institute and Cardus, a Christian think tank based in Ontario, surveyed nearly 3,000 people online between January and April. The surveyors sought out Muslims, Jews, Hindus and Sikhs for interfaith perspectives, as well as polling the general Canadian population.

"Alberta clearly is a more religious province than some of the others," said Cardus vice-president and co-founder Ray Pennings, in an interview Monday.

Albertans are also more likely to be open about their religious beliefs, the survey suggests, which Pennings said is easier to do when more neighbours are routinely heading to a gurdwara or mosque.

The result comes despite the fact that Albertans are among the least likely to have been raised in a religious environment, the survey suggests.

Surveyors found about a quarter of Prairie residents were "spiritually committed," meaning they were likely to belong to communities of worship, believe in the afterlife and a deity or deities, or routinely practice their religion.

That was compared to 18 per cent of Canadians.

Pennings said it's likely due to the demographics of Europeans who settled in the Prairies, who may have been more reliant on community institutions, like churches, than on the government while the land was sparsely populated.

Immigration to the province and the country is also changing the demographics, as religious diasporas grow.

Ray Pennings is executive vice-president and co-founder of Cardus, a Christian social policy think tank based in Ottawa and Hamilton, Ontario. The organization has been surveying Canadians on their religious beliefs and actions since 2017. (Submitted by Cardus)

Cardus has done a version of the survey annually since 2017, and has seen the numbers of people who feel unsure about their faith gravitate more toward the extremes, Pennings said.

"There is no social benefit anymore to being religious," he said. "You're either religious, and you sort of take the whole meal deal, or, we're seeing an increasing trend of not being religious, if that's not your thing."

The survey suggests 45 per cent of Canadians feel "spiritually uncertain." Middle-aged women and older men are the most likely to find themselves grappling with questions of spirituality.

And those who feel a religious connection may not be frequently acting on it. About 29 per cent of the general population said they attend religious services more than a few times a year.

Albertans concerned about freedom of religion

When asked if the overall presence of certain religions were damaging or beneficial to Canadian society, respondents were most likely to peg Catholicism, evangelical Christianity and Islam as having a negative impact.

Pennings said the results on Catholicism could reflect the effects of stories surfacing of hundreds of unmarked graves discovered at residential schools, many of which were run by the Catholic church.

About a third of Albertans self-identified as Catholic in the survey, the highest of any religion.

Albertans also appeared concerned about the state of freedom of religion and conscience in Canada.

Pennings said this concern could stem from high-profile arrests and building closures when some Alberta churches refused to adhere to COVID-19 public health measures, such as capacity limits, to prevent the spread of disease.

Albertans were more likely than the national average to say Canadian society "shuts out" their faith and beliefs, rather than accommodating them.

The margin of error for a comparable random sample survey would be 1.9 percentage points, 19 times out of 20. A margin of error for Alberta results would be seven percentage points.

Detailed results are on the Angus Reid Institute website.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Janet French is a provincial affairs reporter with CBC Edmonton. She has also worked at the Edmonton Journal and Saskatoon StarPhoenix. You can reach her at janet.french@cbc.ca