Wednesday, April 08, 2026

 

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance and Scripps Institution of Oceanography partner for innovative conservation efforts



Collaboration harnesses advanced digital technology and biobanking techniques to boost conservation impact




San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance

Safari Park Biodiversity Reserve 

image: 

Image of the Safari Park Biodiversity Reserve (SPBR), the model for the first prototype of the digital twin. The SPBR is located in Escondido, California at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park

view more 

Credit: San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance






SAN DIEGO (April 7, 2026) – Today, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance (SDZWA) and UC San Diego’s Scripps Institution of Oceanography announced a formal partnership through the Agile Restoration & Conservation Hubs (ARCH) initiative. With over 200 years of combined experience in scientific research and public outreach, the two organizations aim to jointly accelerate innovation and expand their global conservation impact. 

Biodiversity threats, emerging pathogens and environmental challenges are complex, interconnected crises growing faster than current strategies can address. Technological and system limitations have hindered the development of solutions at the speed and scale required, creating an urgent need for large-scale, adaptable approaches to conservation.

The ARCH initiative provides a solutions-oriented approach, harnessing cutting-edge science, technological innovation and community engagement to address these critical environmental challenges. The joint effort focuses on three core areas of collaboration:

  • Knowledge transfer of best practices in collections and biobanking, including the cryopreservation of living cells, with a focus on marine species.

  • Innovating advanced conservation technologies, such as “digital twins,” which digitally replicate physical environments or systems.

  • Creating student engagement and learning pathways across partner institutions to build the next generation of conservation leaders. 

“Through this collaboration, teams across Scripps Institution of Oceanography and San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance will unite to drive breakthroughs in conservation science,” says Jack Gilbert, deputy director of research at Scripps Oceanography and a leader with the ARCH initiative. “By leveraging our collective strengths — Scripps Oceanography’s expertise in marine science, weather forecasting and machine learning and the Alliance’s terrestrial wildlife knowledge and extensive conservation practice — this partnership is uniquely positioned to deliver meaningful, science-driven conservation solutions.”

“This collaboration offers a unique opportunity to combine resources, knowledge and innovation to address pressing environmental challenges,” says Nadine Lamberski, chief conservation and wildlife health officer at San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance. “By uniting San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance’s expertise in wildlife care and conservation science with Scripps Oceanography’s leadership in marine and atmospheric research, we can drive meaningful conservation breakthroughs that protect biodiversity.” 

 

BIOBANKING

Scientists at SDZWA and Scripps are identifying sampling opportunities and developing biodiversity banking protocols — such as live cell culture and cryopreservation — for marine organisms including fish, invertebrates, microbes and seaweeds. As wildlife and ecosystems face rapid, widespread decline, preserving genetic diversity through biobanking has become a critical tool for understanding, characterizing and conserving biodiversity before it’s too late.

Through workshops and training, SDZWA staff will share best practices with researchers at the world-renowned Scripps Oceanographic Collections as they expand and refine biobanking protocols for marine organisms. 

The collaboration draws on SDZWA’s 50 years of experience in biobanking, establishing the organization as a widely recognized leader in the field. The Scripps Oceanographic Collections are among the oldest and largest in the world, often described as “underwater libraries” of preserved specimens that support scientific research, education and decision-making. These repositories include millions of specimens, ranging from marine vertebrates to pelagic and benthic invertebrates. Yet despite their global importance, the collections currently lack the advanced biobanking infrastructure of SDZWA’s Frozen Zoo. This partnership seeks to bridge that gap, and builds upon the success of an existing SDZWA collaboration with Birch Aquarium at Scripps to spawn the endangered sea star.

“Training and support from the SDZWA team will help Scripps develop sophisticated techniques for biobanking marine species, starting with threatened kelp found right here off San Diego,” says Stuart Sandin, director of the Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation at Scripps and a leader of the ARCH initiative. “We’re excited about the new possibilities this partnership creates for conservation science and education.”

Aligned with the core goal of student engagement and learning, this collaboration will provide students and faculty with hands-on training and information-sharing on biobanking processes, further supporting established conservation initiatives.

 

DIGITAL TWIN

The partnership also pioneers the development of advanced conservation technologies, including the creation of a “digital twin.” A digital twin is an intricate digital replication of a physical environment, integrating long-term observational data, in-situ monitoring and AI-driven tools like machine learning pipelines. This innovative approach allows for near-real-time modeling of ecosystems, enabling scientists to simulate and predict the impacts of climate events on biodiversity and local communities.

“The first prototype, a digital twin of the Safari Park Biodiversity Reserve, is already underway and has the potential to revolutionize conservation science,” says Megan Owen, vice president of conservation science at San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance. “This model will serve as a blueprint for future regional and global digital twins, providing a comprehensive, adaptive and scalable tool for addressing biodiversity loss, climate adaptation and community stewardship.” 

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance and Scripps Institution of Oceanography recently shared additional information on the partnership and its conservation potential at the 2026 South by Southwest (SXSW) tech conference in Austin, Texas. The panel, “Can Science Safeguard Earth’s Wildlife?”, explored how collaborations like the ARCH initiative are driving impactful solutions to today’s environmental challenges. View the panel recording on YouTube

 

About San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance  

San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance, a nonprofit conservation leader, inspires passion for nature and collaboration for a healthier world. The Alliance supports innovative conservation science through global partnerships and groundbreaking efforts at the world-famous San Diego Zoo and San Diego Zoo Safari Park, both leading zoological institutions and accredited botanical gardens. Through wildlife care expertise, cutting-edge science and continued collaboration, more than 44 endangered species have been reintroduced to native habitats. The Alliance reaches over 1 billion people annually through its two conservation parks and media channels in 170 countries, including San Diego Zoo Wildlife Explorers television, available in children’s hospitals across 14 countries. Wildlife Allies—members, donors and guests—make success possible.   

About Scripps Institution of Oceanography 

Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California San Diego is one of the world’s most important centers for global earth science research and education. In its second century of discovery, Scripps scientists work to understand and protect the planet, and investigate our oceans, Earth, and atmosphere to find solutions to our greatest environmental challenges. Scripps offers unparalleled education and training for the next generation of scientific and environmental leaders through its undergraduate, master’s and doctoral programs. The institution also operates a fleet of four oceanographic research vessels, and is home to Birch Aquarium at Scripps, the public exploration center that welcomes 500,000 visitors each year. 

 ###

Link to Images: https://sandiegozoo.box.com/s/hzntl25e50x8bgnwadnarebjf79k92ox 

Link includes:  

  • Photos of Safari Park Biodiversity Reserve

  • Photos of the Frozen Zoo

  • Photos of giant kelp embryos in the lab at Scripps Oceanography

 

PERMITTED USE: Images and video(s) are provided to the media solely for reproduction, public display, and distribution in a professional journalistic non-commercial and non-sponsored context in connection with newspaper, magazine, broadcast media (radio, television) or internet media (ad enabled blog, webcasts, webinars, podcasts). Image(s) and video(s) may not be made available for public or commercial download, licensing or sale.  

  

ADDITIONAL LIMITATION: Media acknowledges and agrees that San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance specifically does not grant a right to sublicense any image and/or video without the prior express written consent of San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance in each instance and at its sole discretion.  

  

REQUIRED CREDIT AND CAPTION: All image and/or video uses must bear the copyright notice and/or be properly credited to the relevant photographer, as shown in the image metadata, and must be accompanied by a caption that makes reference to the San Diego Zoo and/or San Diego Zoo Safari Park. Any uses in which the image and/or video appears without proper copyright notice, photographer credit and a caption referencing the San Diego Zoo, San Diego Zoo Safari Park, and/or San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance are subject to paid licensing.  

  

AP PERMITTED USE: Specific to the Associated Press (“AP”) only, San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance has provided to the AP one or more photograph(s) and/or video(s) for distribution by the AP to its subscribers and customers solely for editorial publication. San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance is the sole copyright owner of the photograph(s) and/or video(s) furnished to AP for editorial publication by AP and its subscribers and customers in all media now known or hereafter created. Said content is a factually accurate rendering of what it depicts and has not been modified or augmented except for standard cropping and toning. 


 

Phengite identified as key carrier of halogens into Earth’s deep mantle






Chinese Academy of Sciences Headquarters
Schematic diagram showing the deep F, Cl influx of global AOC 

image: 

Schematic diagram showing the deep F, Cl influx of global AOC that pass through the sub-arc depth through phengite

view more 

Credit: WANG Yu





Surface volatiles—chemical substances that easily become gases or fluids at relatively low temperatures and pressures—are transported into the Earth through subduction zones, with some being transported into the deep mantle and others to shallower dep

According to conventional models, halogens such as fluorine (F) and chlorine (Cl) are largely released at shallow depths when hydrous minerals break down, making it difficult for them to reach the deep mantle. However, a new study has identified high-density saline inclusions in deep diamonds and fluorine enrichment in mantle minerals, indicating that some halogens survive transport to great depths.

At the heart of this study, a team led by Prof. WANG Yu from the Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), together with collaborators including Prof. CHEN Chunfei from China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), has used high-pressure and high-temperature experiments to provide evidence for how these halogens reached the deep mantle.

Their results, published in Science Advances on April 1, show that phengite, a mineral widely distributed in subduction zones, may act as a key carrier that transports halogens into the deep mantle of the Earth. Using altered oceanic crust analogs, the researchers found that phengite remains stable up to 11 gigapascals (GPa) and 1,050 °C (1,922 °F), allowing it to carry fluorine and chlorine to depths of about 330 km (205 mi).

The experiments further reveal that fluorine and chlorine follow different paths once phengite becomes unstable. Chlorine preferentially enters the released fluid, whereas most fluorine is retained in the newly formed high-pressure KMgF3 phase, which can carry fluorine deeper into the mantle. In other words, chlorine is more readily mobilized by deep fluids, while fluorine can remain in solid phases and continue its downward transport.

These findings also shed light on the origin of saline inclusions in deep diamonds. The breakdown of phengite produces potassium- and chlorine-rich fluids containing 9.6–19.9 wt.% Cl, which closely matches the composition of high-density saline inclusions observed in natural diamond samples. These results suggest that the breakdown of phengite in subduction zones may be an important source of deep saline fluids linked to diamond formation and cratonic metasomatism.

Based on their experimental results, the researchers estimated that phengite can transport 1.7 × 1012-2.6 × 1012 g/yr of F and 0.52 × 1012-1.1 × 1012 g/yr of Cl into the deep mantle, suggesting that phengite is an important mineral pathway in the global deep halogen cycle.

Together, these results provide new experimental evidence to resolve the long-standing contradiction between shallow halogen loss and deep halogen enrichment, and offer new insight into deep fluid activity, diamond formation, and Earth's long-term chemical evolution.

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China, the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS, and the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, China.

 

Beyond sunlight: A molecular “bridge” protects metals from rust, day and night





HEP Data Cooperation Journals

Image 

image: 

Electronic structure analysis and the corresponding photocathodic protection mechanism of the heterojunction.

view more 

Credit: HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS





Despite its potential for marine corrosion control, photocathodic protection (PCP) suffers from a persistent bottleneck: the conflict between thermodynamic driving forces and charge kinetics. While WO3/TiO2 type-II heterojunctions facilitate energy storage, they typically sacrifice reduction potential and face sluggish transport due to surface defects. To date, it has remained a significant challenge to develop a molecular approach that resolves this impasse by simultaneously amplifying the driving force and accelerating kinetics through defect passivation.

Here, we propose a “hydrogen-bond-mediated molecular bridge” strategy by introducing flexible polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) into the WO3/TiO2 interface. We demonstrate that PVP carbonyl groups preferentially hydrogen-bond with bridging hydroxyls on TiO2. This interaction not only passivates surface defects but also induces an interfacial dipole field. The resulting electrostatic field shifts the conduction band edge (−0.88 V), amplifying the driving force for electron injection while preserving efficient charge transfer.

This work provides a generalizable paradigm for utilizing soluble polymers to tune inorganic interfaces and achieves “round-the-clock” protection, maintaining a protective potential for over 12 h in darkness. The work entitled “Interfacial hydrogen-bond engineering of PVP–bridged WO3/TiO2 for efficient solar-driven cathodic metal protection” was published in Advanced Powder Materials (Available online on 17 February 2026).

 

Outdoor sunlight driven CO2 capture and cycloaddition from flowing simulated industrial flue gas using amino functionalized bismuth catalysts



HEP Data Cooperation Journals

Image 

image: 

Cycloaddition mechanism of CO2 and 1,2-epoxybutane over BNOC-TEPAx.

view more 

Credit: HIGHER EDUCATION PRESS






Efficient capture and conversion of low-concentration CO2 from industrial flue gas into high-value chemicals is one of the key challenges for achieving carbon reduction and resource utilization. In this work, an amino-functionalization strategy was innovatively employed to successfully graft tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) onto the surface of the layered bismuth-based photocatalyst Bi4NbO8Cl (BNOC), constructing a novel photocatalytic system with dual Lewis acid–base sites (BNOC-TEPAx). Under visible light and even natural sunlight, this catalyst can directly convert CO2 at a concentration of only 15% in simulated industrial flue gas into high-value cyclic carbonates under ambient conditions. Experimental results and DFT calculations collectively indicate that the terminal primary amines provided by TEPA serve as Lewis base sites, significantly enhancing CO2 adsorption and activation, while the abundant coordinative Bi sites in BNOC act as Lewis acid centers, effectively promoting epoxide activation. Moreover, the Bi–N coordination-induced interfacial polarization field greatly improves the separation and migration efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. In outdoor experiments scaled up by a factor of 100, BNOC-TEPA30 achieved a production rate of 4.45 mmol·g‒1·h‒1 under natural sunlight and flowing simulated flue gas, demonstrating promising industrial application potential. This study provides a new catalyst design strategy for the integrated “capture–conversion” of low-concentration industrial flue gas CO2.

The work titled “Outdoor Sunlight Driven CO2 Capture and Cycloaddition from Flowing Simulated Industrial Flue Gas Using Amino Functionalized Bismuth Catalysts”, was published in Advanced Powder Materials (Available online on 28 January 2026).

 

 

Wind and solar power to keep the lights on in Ecuador




Vrije Universiteit Brussel





The country had to make emergency purchases of diesel and gas as alternative energy sources, but this was insufficient. For months, Ecuadorians had to endure power cuts of more than 12 hours a day. The economy suffered enormous damage in the energy crisis. According to witnesses, many Ecuadorians felt like being “back in the 18th century”. The cause of the disaster was clear: Ecuador’s overdependence on hydropower, increasingly affected by droughts due to climate change.  

“The production of wind and solar power can, of course, fluctuate strongly from day to day,” explains Professor Sebastian Sterl (VUB), lead author of the study. “But on a seasonal level, this is not the case. In some months of the year, the wind is always stronger than in others, just as some months are always sunnier than others. These patterns recur every year, unlike the rainy season, which can fail.” If large-scale wind and solar farms were built, this knowledge could help adapt reservoir management to better withstand dry periods.  

“Ecuador could refill its reservoirs more quickly in the months when wind and solar plants reach peak production—since the need for hydropower to meet demand is reduced during that time,” says Tinne Mast (VUB), a colleague of Sterl and co-author of the study. “In very dry years, this could prevent a crisis scenario. Instead of depleting the reservoirs to the last drop, wind and solar power would be used to bridge the failed rainy season.”  

In other words: wind and solar extend the availability of hydropower in time. Using energy model calculations, the researchers show that a buildout of wind and solar plants could largely avoid a repeat of the Ecuadorian energy crisis of 2024. This would require installing around 500 megawatt of capacity for wind and for solar each—for comparison, Ecuador’s largest hydropower plant has a capacity of 1500 megawatt. Thanks to the synergies between wind, solar, and hydro, this would reduce the unmet demand in extremely dry years by 90%, without Ecuador having to import a drop of additional fuel.  

Towards a resilient Ecuadorian power system 

Not only is the overall electricity generation boosted by wind and solar—in dry years, these energy sources also increase the power grid’s capability to respond to demand at peak times. This is a surprising discovery, because wind and sun normally contribute very little to peak capacity. After all, there is no guarantee that it will be windy or sunny at those times. “But what can be guaranteed, is that the reservoirs fill up better thanks to their interaction with wind and solar,” explains Sterl. “This prevents hydropower plants from becoming inoperative due to low water levels, and as a result, their peaking capacity is no longer lost during extreme droughts.” 

According to the research team, this resilience strategy could serve as an example for other countries that are heavily hydropower-dependent. “This is hugely relevant in Latin America,” says Professor Luis E. Pineda of Yachay Tech, who co-authored the study. “Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Paraguay, Costa Rica...: their power generation comes largely from hydropower and is vulnerable to droughts, which could be mitigated by combining hydropower with solar and wind power. But elsewhere too, for example in Norway, Canada and China, dry periods have led to energy problems in recent years.”  

With the frequency and severity of droughts projected to increase with rising global temperatures, and in the context of an increasingly unstable geopolitical world order, reducing the need for “emergency” procurement of fossil fuels during droughts is an example of climate resilience as well as of national security.  

Their findings were published in the leading journal Nature Water in a paper entitled “Variable renewables fortify Ecuador’s power system against recurrences of drought-driven energy crises”. 

Full reference: Sterl, Pineda, Mast, Rodriguez, Muñoz, and Thiery, 2026, Nature Waterhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-026-00617-w.