Finding the right target: Personalizing treatment for an aggressive asbestos-linked cancer

A new clinical trial, led by researchers in Leicester, is investigating a new personalised treatment for patients with a rare and aggressive form of cancer, potentially giving them more time with their loved ones

University of Leicester

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Professor Dean Fennell

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A new clinical trial, led by researchers in Leicester, is investigating a new personalised treatment for patients with a rare and aggressive form of cancer, potentially giving them more time with their loved ones.

 

Mesothelioma is a cancer that forms in the lining of the lungs or abdomen and is linked to exposure to dangerous asbestos fibres. Around 2,700 people are diagnosed with the disease each year*, but outcomes and survival rates are poor.

SELECTmeso1 is a new trial, investigating whether a targeted cancer treatment can improve outcomes for patients who have a particular genetic biomarker.

 

The trial is led by Professor Dean Fennell and Professor Gareth Griffiths from the Leicester and Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centres (BRC) respectively and run by the Cancer Research UK Southampton Clinical Trials Unit, with funding from Asthma + Lung UK.

 

Tailoring treatments

There are currently very few treatment options for people with mesothelioma, and often the cancer will return after initial treatment.

In fact, only around five per cent of people diagnosed with the disease will survive for five years or more.

 

Recent clinical trials in mesothelioma conducted by the NIHR BRC Leicester and the Southampton Clinical Trials Unit** have shown that targeted treatments can improve survival for people with relapsed mesothelioma, where the disease has come back.

However, these treatments often only work for some patients but not for others.

“This is due to the genetic make-up of people’s individual cancer and the specific biomarkers, or genetic signals, their cancer has,” says Professor Fennell, Chair of Thoracic Medical Oncology at the University of Leicester and Chief Investigator of SELECTmeso1.

 

“But imagine if there was a way to tell which treatment is likely to work best for each patient and personalise the care they get, giving them best chance of a successful outcome.

 

“The SELECTmeso1 trial is doing just that. We know that almost half of patients with mesothelioma have a deletion of a particular gene called MTAP which means they have a more aggressive cancer and don't respond as well to existing treatments.

 

However, the absence of this gene creates a unique weak point in their cancer cells that healthy cells don't have, meaning the cancer cells are able to grow, uncontrolled. This is the genetic pathway we are targeting in this trial.”

 

The team are working with pharmaceutical company Bristol Myers Squibb, which has developed a drug called Navlimetostat*** which targets the weak point created by the absence of the MTAP gene and selectively kills those cancer cells, leaving the healthy cells largely unaffected.

 

“This drug has already been trialled in some other cancers and has been shown to have promising anti-tumour activity,” says Professor Gareth Griffiths, Director of the Southampton Clinical Trials Unit and co-Chief Investigator.

 

“It was also well tolerated by patients without causing too many side effects. Through the SELECTmeso1 trial, we therefore hope to find out whether this could be a viable treatment for patients with this specific genetic signal. If we find evidence that patients benefit, this will hopefully lead to future practice-changing trials.”

 

Patients with relapsed mesothelioma who are found to have the deleted MTAP gene will be invited to join the SELECTmeso1 trial. They will be given the targeted treatment in the form of tablets every day, in three-weekly cycles, for up to six months, and the research team will monitor how much their tumour shrinks as well as any side effects they experience.

 

The trial has recently opened at Leicester Royal Infirmary where the first patients have been recruited and is due to open at 10 hospitals across the UK, recruiting 30 patients.

 

Dr Samantha Walker, Director of Research and Innovation at Asthma + Lung UK, said: “Asthma + Lung UK is proud to be funding this vital research, which could be a real breakthrough and has the potential to improve the lives of people living with mesothelioma. With life expectancy remaining low and no current cure available, progress on treating this devastating condition is desperately needed.

 

“Targeted therapy has already shown to be effective for other types of cancer. If this trial is successful, it would offer new hope for the more than 2,000 people who are diagnosed with mesothelioma every year****. Cutting edge research into new types of treatment for lung conditions is vital to improve health outcomes but funding for lung health research is currently on life-support, despite lung conditions remaining the third biggest cause of death in the UK.”  

 

It is the first trial supported by the newly formed UK collaborative for clinical cancer research (UK3CR’s) Mesothelioma Clinical Research Group chaired by Professor Fennell, which has the remit to develop trials for mesothelioma patients in the UK.     

 

Looking for more targets

SELECTmeso1 is the first trial in a much larger planned platform clinical trial. This aims to test several targeted drugs which work against different genetic biomarkers that may be present in a patient’s mesothelioma.

 

“The idea of the platform trial is that we can run several different trials at once, giving patients more chance of receiving a treatment that works for them,” says Dr Emma Knox, Senior Trial Manager for SELECTmeso at the Southampton Clinical Trials Unit.

 

“Once the full platform is open, patients will be invited to join and will have a sample of their cancer tested in a laboratory. This will tell doctors about the particular genetic make-up of their cancer and what biomarkers their mesothelioma has. If there is a trial within the platform that is testing a drug that works specifically for that biomarker, they will be invited to join that particular trial.”

 

If there is no trial running for that biomarker at that time, patients will remain in the platform database and will be contacted if a new trial of a treatment that may work for them comes on board.

 

Each separate trial within the SELECTmeso platform will recruit 26-30 patients, and the trials will take place at hospitals around the UK.

 

“The aim of the platform is to test how effective each drug is for patients with those specific biomarkers and to see whether stratifying treatment in this way can improve outcomes for patients,” continues Professor Fennell.

 

“The hope is that in the future, doctors treating people with this aggressive cancer will be able to use a more personalised approach, selecting the best possible treatment for each individual patient.”

 

SELECTmeso1 is run by the Southampton Clinical Trials Unit and Professor Dean Fennell at the University of Leicester. It is funded by Asthma + Lung UK with Bristol Myers Squibb who are providing the drug for the trial and is sponsored by University of Southampton.

 

*Figures from Cancer Research UK

**The MiST, CONFIRM and NERO trials.

*** Navlimetostat, also known as BMS-986504, is a first-in-class, MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitor developed by Bristol Myers Squibb.

**** Mesothelioma, NHS England, September 2022

 

Ends

 

For media enquiries and interview requests, please contact:

 

Joanna Jones, Science Communications Manager, NIHR Leicester BRC  on 07966 678057 or email Joanna.x.jones@uhl-tr.nhs.uk

 

 

 

 

 Notes to editors

 

 

About the University of Leicester  

The University of Leicester is a leading global university, home to more than 21,000 students and 4,000 staff, with an outstanding reputation for world‑class research, innovative teaching and widening access to higher education.  It holds an overall Gold rating in TEF 2023 and is ranked among the UK’s Top 30 for research quality, with 89% of research rated world‑leading or internationally excellent (REF 2021).

Leicester ranks 25th in the UK in the 2026 Times Higher Education World University Rankings and 33rd in the Complete University Guide 2027, and is top 10 in the UK for student experience and top 15 for student satisfaction in the 2025 National Student Survey.

Named the Daily Mail University of the Year 2025 and shortlisted for the Times Higher Education University of the Year 2024 and The Times and The Sunday Times University of the Year 2025, Leicester is driven by a commitment to excellence, inclusion and meaningful global impact.

 

If you would rather not receive future communications from University of Leicester, let us know by clicking here.
University of Leicester, University Road ., Leicester, . LE1 7RH United Kingdom

 

 

 

For further information please contact the University of Leicester press office on 0116 252 2160 or press@le.ac.uk       

 

 

The Southampton Clinical Trials Unit (SCTU) is a Cancer Research UK (CRUK) core-funded CTU with expertise in the design, conduct and analysis of interventional, multi-centre clinical trials. The CTU is based within the University of Southampton with offices at the University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton General Hospital site. The unit is part of the NIHR Research Support Service University of Southampton Hub and partners in the NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre. For more information, visit the SCTU website or follow us on social media: LinkedIn, Bluesky, Facebook, X, and Instagram.

 

Asthma + Lung UK is the only charity in the UK fighting for everyone with a lung condition, aiming for a world where everyone can breathe with healthy lungs. We fund cutting-edge research and provide advice and support for the 12 million people who will get a lung condition during their lifetime. We also campaign for clean air and for better NHS diagnosis and treatment. For further information visit asthmaandlung.org.uk.     

 

The NIHR Biomedical Research Centre Leicester

 

The National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Leicester is part of the NIHR and hosted by the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust in partnership with the University of Leicester, Loughborough University and the University Hospitals of Northamptonshire NHS Group. 

 

The NIHR BRC Leicester undertakes translational clinical research in priority areas of high disease burden and clinical need. These are: 

• Respiratory and infectious diseases 
• Personalised cancer prevention and treatment 
• Lifestyle (including diabetes) 
• Environment and health 
• Data innovation for multiple long term health conditions and ethnic health 
• Cardiovascular disease 

 

The BRC harnesses the power of experimental science to explore and develop ways to help prevent and treat chronic disease. It brings together 120 highly skilled researchers, 45 academic ‘rising stars’, more than 90 support staff and students and over 450 public contributors. By having scientists working closely with clinicians and the public, the BRC can deliver research that is relevant to both patients and the professionals who treat them. www.leicesterbrc.nihr.ac.uk  

 

The mission of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) is to improve the health and wealth of the nation through research. We do this by:
 

• Funding high quality, timely research that benefits the NHS, public health and social care;
• Investing in world-class expertise, facilities and a skilled delivery workforce to translate discoveries into improved treatments and services;
• Partnering with patients, service users, carers and communities, improving the relevance, quality and impact of our research;
• Attracting, training and supporting the best researchers to tackle complex health and social care challenges;
• Collaborating with other public funders, charities and industry to help shape a cohesive and globally competitive research system;
• Funding applied global health research and training to meet the needs of the poorest people in low and middle income countries.

NIHR is funded by the Department of Health and Social Care. Its work in low and middle income countries is principally funded through UK international development funding from the UK government.

 

Leicester’s Research Registry was launch in May 2021 and will share opportunities to get involved in health research taking place in Leicester’s Hospitals, or being run with their research partners, such as the University of Leicester and Loughborough University, in their National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, Clinical Research Facility and Patient Recruitment Centre: Leicester.

 

To sign up to the registry, potential volunteers need to be over 18 years of age, live in the UK, and have a valid email address. You also have the option to select if there are particular areas of health research you are interested in. You will then receive regular updates on all the exciting opportunities to participate in the hospitals’ research.

To sign up, visit www.leicestershospitals.nhs.uk/researchregistry. You can also visit the dedicated Facebook page.

 

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Method of Research

Randomized controlled/clinical trial

Subject of Research

People

 

Exploring the origin of freely adjustable parameters in the fundamental equations of nature

Study offers new clues into the mystery of free parameters in quantum gravity

Kyushu University

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Two nearby conformal field theories are connected by a conformal interface. We showed that, as the two CFTs are brought closer and closer to coincide, an exactly marginal operator can be constructed from the displacement operator.

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Credit: Yuya Kusuki/Kyushu University

Fukuoka, Japan—A researcher at Kyushu University and his collaborators have shown that continuous parameters in quantum gravity may not be freely adjustable “dials” from outside the theory, but rather arise from operators within the theory itself, supporting the century-old claim by Albert Einstein about the fundamental laws of nature.

Einstein argued that the fundamental equations of physics contain no freely adjustable parameters. In other words, he believed that the laws of nature should not include arbitrary numbers chosen from outside a theory. Instead, such quantities should emerge naturally from physical processes.

This idea has become especially important in the search for quantum gravity, a theory that aims to combine gravity with quantum mechanics. Physicists expect that the equations governing quantum gravity should not contain freely adjustable quantities. Rather, all parameters should arise from physical fields.

To validate this idea, physicists often turn to conformal field theory (CFT), a framework describing systems whose behavior remains essentially unchanged across different length scales.

In some CFTs, exactly marginal operators are those that slowly tune the theory without disturbing its conformal properties. This creates a smooth family of related theories called a conformal manifold, thereby leading to an interesting question: If a conformal manifold exists, does it imply the presence of exactly marginal operators? Proving this would suggest that continuous parameters in quantum gravity are not freely chosen but instead correspond to operators already present within the theory itself.

An international research team comprising Associate Professor Yuya Kusuki at Kyushu University’s Institute for Advanced Study, Dr. Shota Komatsu from CERN, Dr. Marco Meineri from the University of Turin, and Professor Hirosi Ooguri from the California Institute of Technology, has now answered this question under certain assumptions.

Their study will be published in the journal Physical Review Letters on June 16, 2026.

“A key challenge in modern physics is understanding whether the laws of nature contain freely adjustable numbers from outside the theory or whether such quantities arise from the theory itself. Our work shows that continuous changes in a theory can be generated by local operators within the theory,” explains Kusuki.

The researchers approached the problem through CFT and then used the anti-de Sitter (AdS)/CFT correspondence, which relates CFTs to theories of quantum gravity in AdS space, to understand what the result could imply for quantum gravity.

The team made several assumptions. First, they assumed that for any two closely related CFTs on a conformal manifold, there exists a conformal interface, a mathematical boundary separating the two theories, which becomes trivial when the theories are identical. Second, they assumed that certain correlation functions remain smooth as the interface disappears.

Under these assumptions, the researchers showed that an exactly marginal operator can be reconstructed directly from the interface’s displacement operator, which describes how the interface responds to slight shifts.

“By studying how this interface responds when it is displaced slightly, we constructed an operator that generates changes in the parameter. In this way, we identified the origin of what had appeared to be a freely adjustable quantity,” says Kusuki.

The findings suggest that, under certain assumptions, continuous parameters in CFT arise from local operators within the theory itself. “Through the AdS/CFT correspondence, these results support the prediction that ‘there are no freely chosen external parameters’ in quantum gravity and are expected to lead to a better understanding of fundamental problems in quantum gravity,” explains Kusuki.

The team notes that their finding currently applies only to two-dimensional CFTs. In the future, they hope to investigate whether the same concept applies to more general cases of CFT.

###

For more information about this research, see “Continuous Family of Conformal Field Theories and Exactly Marginal Operators,” Shota Komatsu, Yuya Kusuki, Marco Meineri, and Hirosi Ooguri, Physical Review Letters, https://doi.org/10.1103/4759-7qj2

 

About Kyushu University 
Founded in 1911, Kyushu University is one of Japan's leading research-oriented institutions of higher education, consistently ranking as one of the top ten Japanese universities in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings and the QS World Rankings. Located in Fukuoka, on the island of Kyushu—the most southwestern of Japan’s four main islands—Kyushu U sits in a coastal metropolis frequently ranked among the world’s most livable cities and historically known as Japan’s gateway to Asia. Its multiple campuses are home to around 19,000 students and 8,000 faculty and staff. Through its VISION 2030, Kyushu U will “drive social change with integrative knowledge.” By fusing the spectrum of knowledge, from the humanities and arts to engineering and medical sciences, Kyushu U will strengthen its research in the key areas of decarbonization, medicine and health, and environment and food, to tackle society’s most pressing issues

 

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Journal

Physical Review Letters

DOI

10.1103/4759-7qj2 

Method of Research

Computational simulation/modeling

Subject of Research

Not applicable

Article Title

Continuous Family of Conformal Field Theories and Exactly Marginal Operators

Article Publication Date

16-Jun-2026

 

Wa'ed ventures backs KAUST spinout terraxy to scale desert greening technology

Saudi deep‑tech spinout Terraxy secures $3 million to scale desert soil‑regeneration and carbon‑capture solutions across the Kingdom

King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST)

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Researchers at KAUST working on the foundational science behind Terraxy’s soil‑regeneration and carbon‑storage technology.

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Credit: Images © Terraxy / KAUST

Terraxy, a startup born from research at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), has secured $3 million in a Seed-2 round led by Wa’ed Ventures, the local venture capital arm of Aramco, with participation from KAUST to scale soil-regeneration technologies for landscaping and carbon capture in desert environments. 

The funding will support Terraxy’s transition from pilot-scale production to industrial production and deployment across Saudi Arabia, including the establishment of a 30,000 -square-meter commercial facility in Al Zulfi, marking a significant step toward large-scale commercialization. This move underscores Wa’ed Ventures’ role in accelerating the transition of locally developed technologies from research environments into scalable, market-ready solutions.
 

“Our investment in Terraxy reflects our conviction in deep-tech solutions that address real challenges in Saudi Arabia while offering scalable commercial potential. What differentiates Terraxy is not only the strength of its underlying science, but its ability to translate that science into a deployable, industrial solution. At Wa’ed Ventures, we are focused on backing innovations that can move beyond the lab and play a tangible role in advancing the Kingdom’s sustainability and economic diversification goals,” said 
Anas Algahtani, Wa’ed Ventures CEO.

Globally, around one-third of soils are degraded, reducing agricultural productivity and weakening ecosystems. In Saudi Arabia, soils are sandy and inefficient at retaining nutrients and water, limiting agriculture, landscaping, and large-scale greening efforts. Carbosoil, Terraxy’s proprietary soil enhancer, can deliver up to 70% improvement in plant growth and yield with the same water and nutrient inputs, improving resource-use efficiency in sandy soils.

Terraxy’s development has also been supported through Saudi Arabia’s regulatory ecosystem. The company has progressed through the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture’s (MEWA) Regulatory Sandbox, which enables the testing and validation of emerging environmental technologies under real-world conditions. 

“Soil health is foundational to the Kingdom’s food security, water efficiency, and land rehabilitation ambitions. Through the Regulatory Sandbox, the Ministry is enabling Saudi-developed technologies to navigate environmental and product validation pathways while accelerating their responsible deployment and market adoption. Terraxy represents an important example of how innovation, regulation, and investment can come together to address national priorities and scale promising solutions,” said H.E. Dr. Abdulaziz Almalik, MEWA’s Deputy Minister for Research & Innovation.

At a time when Saudi Arabia is accelerating large-scale greening and sustainability initiatives, the investment reflects growing interest in technologies that address both land degradation and broader environmental challenges, including resource-use efficiency and carbon management.

“Reducing emissions across hard-to-abate sectors requires practical, scalable solutions grounded in strong science. Terraxy's technology addresses land degradation and carbon removal simultaneously, and is capable of storing CO₂ durably for centuries. This is the kind of dual-impact innovation that our sustainability venture investments are built to support,” said Ahmad O. Al-Khowaiter, Aramco Executive Vice President of Technology & Innovation and Chairman of Wa’ed Investment Committee. 

 As a KAUST spinout, Terraxy has validated its technology through pilot production and collaborations with industry partners, demonstrating how university-led research can move from laboratory to commercial deployment in direct support of Vision 2030’s sustainability priorities. Professor Himanshu Mishra, co-founder of Terraxy and Associate Professor at KAUST, said that Terraxy was enabled not by a single breakthrough but by the broader innovation ecosystem surrounding the company. He noted that KAUST’s research infrastructure and the translation support provided through the National Transformation Institute (NTI) at KAUST were critical to the company’s development, describing KAUST as a rare ecosystem by world standards.

"We are delighted to see the maturation of KAUST technology from research to lab scale, through pilot scale, and now to full-scale production," said Dr. Ian Campbell OBE, Senior Vice President at the National Transformation Institute, KAUST. "NTI has enabled this transition by supporting technologies to scale in ways that contribute to national priorities. We see Carbosoil as an integral part of soil enrichment and assisting with the ambitious goals of the Saudi Green Initiative and enhancing the carbon credit economy."

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Method of Research

News article

Subject of Research

People

 

Scientists uncover hidden phosphorus reservoir vital for future food production

\

Sultan Qaboos University

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Conceptual interpretation of soil DNA-phosphorus (DNA-P) as a biologically active phosphorus pool

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Credit: Sultan Qaboos University, College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences

Researchers have developed a simpler and more cost-effective method to measure a biologically important form of phosphorus in soils, providing new insights into nutrient cycling that could help improve sustainable agricultural management.

Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant growth and global food production, yet its natural reserves are finite. Understanding how phosphorus is stored, transformed, and made available in soils is critical for maintaining soil fertility while reducing environmental impacts.

In a study published in the Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, an international research team, including scientists from Sultan Qaboos University, James Hutton Institute, the Environment Authority of Oman and others, optimized a laboratory method for measuring DNA-bound phosphorus (DNA-P) in soils. DNA-P is part of the organic phosphorus pool associated with living microorganisms and plays an important role in nutrient cycling.

The researchers evaluated and modified an existing analytical protocol and applied the improved method to 32 different soil types across the United Kingdom. The revised procedure proved to be simpler, more economical, and capable of maintaining analytical precision and sensitivity.

The study showed that enzyme treatments previously used in the method were unnecessary, reducing complexity and costs. However, an ultrafiltration step remained essential to accurately separate DNA-bound phosphorus from other phosphorus-containing compounds.

Although DNA-P represented only a small fraction of total organic phosphorus in soils, its concentrations were strongly linked to soil pH, microbial biomass phosphorus, organic matter content, and phosphorus dissolved in soil water. These relationships suggest that DNA-P is closely associated with living soil microorganisms rather than long-term stable phosphorus reserves.

The findings provide researchers with an improved tool for studying biologically active phosphorus in soils and offer new opportunities to better understand how microbial communities contribute to nutrient availability for plants.

As global agriculture faces increasing pressure to use phosphorus resources more efficiently, the new method could support future research on soil fertility, nutrient management, and sustainable food production systems.

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Journal

Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences [JAMS]

DOI

10.53541/2410-1079.1356 

Method of Research

Experimental study

Subject of Research

Not applicable

Article Title

Soil DNA-Phosphorus: Method Optimisation and Application Across UK Soils

 

Can probiotics help treat depression?

Wiley

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In a pilot clinical trial published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society that included older adults with depression receiving standard care, adding probiotic therapy produced modest but meaningful reductions in depressive and anxiety symptoms compared with adding a placebo. However, both groups demonstrated substantial overall improvements during follow-up.

For the trial, 58 participants in India aged ≥60 years with moderate depression were randomized 1:1 to receive daily probiotics or a placebo for 12 weeks, alongside standard antidepressant care. They were followed up for another 12 weeks.

Based on validated psychological scores, biomarker (serum brain-derived neurotropic factor level), and fecal microbiota profiling, investigators found that probiotics helped improve patients’ symptoms but did not confer clear additional gains in quality of life compared with placebo.  The findings support probiotics as a safe, biologically plausible adjunct to standard care, but larger trials are needed.

"The results of our study are novel, and we are now planning a follow-up, larger-scale clinical trial due to the encouraging findings," said co-corresponding author Dr. Saibal Das, MBBS, MD, DM, PhD, of the Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute for Research in Bacterial Infections, Kolkata. “My vision is to develop affordable healthcare solutions and make them available to the larger population for meaningful public health impact,” added co–corresponding author Abhinaba Ghosh, MBBS, MSc, PhD, a physician-neuroscientist from Tata Medical Center, Kolkata.

URL upon publication: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jgs.70530

 

Additional Information
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About the Journal
Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is the go-to journal for clinical aging research. We provide a diverse, interprofessional community of healthcare professionals with the latest insights on geriatrics education, clinical practice, and public policy — all supporting the high-quality, person-centered care essential to our well-being as we age.

About Wiley      
Wiley is a global leader in authoritative content and research intelligence for the advancement of scientific discovery, innovation, and learning. With more than 200 years at the center of the scholarly ecosystem, Wiley combines trusted publishing heritage with AI-powered platforms to transform how knowledge is discovered, accessed, and applied. From individual researchers and students to Fortune 500 R&D teams, Wiley enables the transformation of scientific breakthroughs into real-world impact. From knowledge to impact—Wiley is redefining what's possible in science and learning. Visit us at Wiley.com and Investors.Wiley.com. Follow us on Facebook, X, LinkedIn and Instagram.

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Journal

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

DOI

10.1111/jgs.70530 

Article Title

Efficacy of Adjunct PRObiotics in Moderate Unipolar Depression in Geriatric Patients: A Randomized Double-Blind Multicentric Trial (PRODG)

Article Publication Date

17-Jun-2026