To battle food inequity, a nonprofit helps neighbors eat healthy

by Karina Ioffee


When Bria Hutson was growing up in East Oakland, California, she had a routine. Every day after school, she and her friends would stop at a corner store and load up on chips, sodas and other junk food. The nearest grocery store was miles away and her mom didn't drive.

Everyone around her ate fast food regularly, and when it came to fruit and vegetables, her exposure was limited to iceberg lettuce, apples and other basic fruit and vegetables sold in the local bodegas.

But when Hutson's son was born in 2012, she knew she needed to change her unhealthy habits. She began buying more produce and learning creative ways to cook so her son and daughter, born two years later, would not grimace at the kale, broccoli and other greens on their plates.

Healthy cooking became a passion, so much so that she began taking orders from friends, neighbors and others in the community. She'd make foods like a burger made with jackfruit instead of meat, and healthy nachos loaded with vegetables and quinoa instead of processed cheese.

With the help of Mandela Partners, a nonprofit that supports local food entrepreneurs and works to increase access to healthy food in low-income communities, Hutson received training for how to run a food business, help with permits and, perhaps most importantly, operate a kiosk, rent-free for three months, in a community market.

"Deep East Oakland is still a food desert and residents have to travel to a different community to access healthy food, which is a problem," said Hutson, now 27. "This experience led me to start my business, Ju'C Fruits. I am the change that I want to see."

Founded in 2004, Mandela Partners was born out of a community effort to bring a grocery store to West Oakland. Over the years, Mandela has expanded to include business incubation and entrepreneur training services, a community-supported agriculture (CSA) program and a produce distribution network that connects more than a dozen local farmers to local retailers.

So, farmers get access to customers and a fair price for their produce, while residents in Oakland and the surrounding area get access to healthy and affordable food.

The nonprofit's work is driven by a vision that locally owned enterprises can be a vehicle for both economic empowerment and a healthier community. Instead of waiting for national retailers to set up shop in the neighborhood, provide jobs and investment, Mandela helps locals do it themselves.

"The mission is bigger than just food justice," said Ciara Segura, director of programs and policy at Mandela Partners. "It's about creating a locally owned economy so that the money that is being made in this community stays in the community."

The organization also runs a Healthy Retail Network that consists of 10 small grocers and corner market owners, and eight community produce stands at schools, libraries and a senior center. Since the start of the pandemic, the produce stands have been replaced by a fully subsidized CSA program that provides fresh produce for 400 low-income families per week.

Mandela Partners was recently awarded funding by the American Heart Association's Bernard J. Tyson Impact Fund, which invests in under-resourced communities.

Meanwhile, Hutson is pushing ahead with her new business and is busier than ever. Thanks to Mandela, she now has a contract to cook 200 meals a week for a local women's shelter. Hutson also is making plans to open a brick-and-mortar location.

"It feels really amazing to be a blessing to people," she said, "and be blessed to do something you love."


Explore further Study aims to connect the dots on food access

Copyright © 2020 HealthDay. All rights reserved.

MAKING THEM VALUELESS

Trump Gave The Top Civilian Honor To Devin Nunes For Undermining The Russia Investigation

In his final weeks in office, the president is honoring friends and allies with pardons and medals.
David Mack BuzzFeed News Reporter
January 4, 2021

Drew Angerer / Getty Images

Devin Nunes, the California Republican who helped undermine the Trump impeachment proceedings and Russia inquiry by spreading unfounded conspiracies, was rewarded for his actions by the president on Monday with the nation's top civilian honor.

President Donald Trump announced he would bestow the Presidential Medal of Freedom on the member of Congress, thanking him for his work exposing what Trump called the "Russia Hoax."


"Congressman Devin Nunes is a public servant of unmatched talent, unassailable integrity, and unwavering resolve," Trump said in a statement. "He uncovered the greatest scandal in American history."

A White House spokesperson told media on Monday afternoon the ceremony was held — apparently privately — earlier in the day.

Trump is also expected to soon bestow the award to Jim Jordan, the Ohio member of Congress who has also been a close ally and who has been accused of turning a blind eye to sexual assault at Ohio State University when he coached wrestling there — a charge he denies.

The decision to honor Nunes and Jordan with an award previously given to figures such as Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King Jr., Neil Armstrong, and Sandra Day O'Connor is part of a pattern of behavior of Trump rewarding allies with honors or presidential pardons during his final weeks in office.


Nunes, who has represented California's 22nd District since 2003, used his stewardship of the House Intelligence Committee until 2019 to inject partisan intrigue into the investigation into Russia's ties to the 2016 Trump campaign, effectively stalling that committee's probe. Senate Republicans even criticized their House counterparts for a "very partisan" probe.

In 2018, Nunes was also a leading figure in a push to release a classified memo he had written detailing how top Justice Department officials had given approval to surveillance of Trump campaign foreign policy adviser Carter Page without fully explaining to a Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court judge that their intelligence was partially based on the Christoper Steele dossier.

For weeks, Nunes led a campaign in right-wing media teasing the memo's contents, but it failed to live up to the hype.

Democrats said Nunes' decision to release his memo was aimed solely at discrediting the DOJ and FBI, as well as undermining public faith in the investigation of former special counsel Robert Mueller.

Trump subsequently called Nunes "a true American Patriot the likes of which we rarely see in our modern day world."

In his announcement on Monday, Trump praised Nunes for helping to "thwart a plot to take down a sitting United States president."

During the 2019 impeachment of Trump over his dealings with Ukraine, Nunes worked to feed the conservative media machine by peppering witnesses with seemingly bizarre questions drawn from conspiracy theories that were then clipped into viral videos casting doubt over the proceedings.


The impeachment inquiry also found Nunes had been communicating extensively with Rudy Giuliani and his associate Lev Parnas prior to the proceedings.

"It is I think deeply concerning that at a time when the President of United States was using the power of his office to dig up dirt on a political rival," said Democratic House Intelligence Chair Adam Schiff in December, "that there may be evidence that there were members of Congress complicit in that activity."

At one point, Nunes appeared more concerned that Trump's conversation with the Ukrainian leader had leaked, rather than with the contents of the call that showed Trump pressuring his counterpart to dig up dirt on Joe Biden.

Nunes has also made headlines in recent years for his failed attempts to sue two Twitter parody accounts — one pretending to be his mother, the other posing as a cow — that had been mocking him.

The Presidential Medal of Freedom is typically awarded to individuals — living or dead — who have made "especially meritorious contributions to the security or national interests of the United States, to world peace, or to cultural or other significant public or private endeavors."

Presidents award the medal at their own discretion, routinely honoring top cultural or historical figures.

During his presidency, Trump has bestowed the medal on Republican donor Miriam Adelson and right-wing radio host Rush Limbaugh, among others. He has also posthumously awarded it to Elvis Presley, Babe Ruth, and Antonin Scalia.

WHAT'S WITH WISCONSIN

A Pharmacist Allegedly Tried To Ruin COVID-19 Vaccines Because Of False Beliefs They Were "Unsafe"

Authorities described 47-year-old Steven Brandenburg as an "admitted conspiracy theorist."

Salvador Hernandez BuzzFeed News Reporter


Posted on January 4, 2021, 

Frank Hoermann / Frank Hoermann/SVEN SIMON/picture-alliance/dpa / AP Images

Prosecutors say a Wisconsin pharmacist tried to destroy more than 500 COVID-19 vaccine doses because of false beliefs that the vaccine is not safe.

Steven Brandenburg was arrested Thursday and fired from a suburban Milwaukee hospital after he allegedly removed 57 vials of the Moderna vaccine from a pharmacy refrigerator. The vials contained more than 500 doses of the vaccine.

On Monday, the 47-year-old pharmacist appeared in a virtual court hearing, where Ozaukee County District Attorney Adam Gerol said he had intentionally tried to destroy the vaccines.

"He'd formed this belief they were unsafe," Gerol said in court, according to the Associated Press.

According to a probable cause statement filed by the Grafton Police Department, detectives referred to Brandenburg as an "admitted conspiracy theorist" who believed the vaccine could alter people's DNA — which it cannot.

In fact, COVID-19 vaccines, including Moderna's, have been tested for safety and authorized by the Food and Drug Administration after a series of clinical trials.

The Moderna vaccine uses the genetic material mRNA, but it does not alter people's DNA. Side effects for most people are mild to moderate, including chills, fatigue, and headache.

The vaccine is also 94% effective against the virus.

Gerol in court reportedly added that the pharmacist had been upset because he was going through a divorce and had allegedly taken a gun to work on two occasions.

Grafton police said the former Advocate Aurora Health Hospital employee had admitted in a written statement to removing the vaccine from the refrigerator overnight on Dec. 24, then again overnight on Dec. 25.

The unrefrigerated vials were discovered by a pharmacy technician the following day.



Christine Flores@CFlorestv

The hearing has now started.07:17 PM - 04 Jan 2021
Reply Retweet FavoriteTwitter: @CFlorestv


Grafton detectives said in a statement that Brandenburg knew the spoiled vials would be useless and that people who received doses would think they had been successfully vaccinated.

Vials of the Moderna vaccine are shipped refrigerated at a temperature of -4 degrees Fahrenheit and may be stored in a refrigerator for up to 30 days. They are able to remain at room temperature for about half a day.

The vaccines are estimated to have been worth between $8,000 and $10,000.

On Monday, Brandenburg was released from Ozaukee county jail after being ordered not to contact his former coworkers and surrender all his firearms.

Since his arrest, he had been held on a $10,000 bond on suspicion of criminal damage to property and recklessly endangering safety.

In court, Gerol said the tampered vials would be tested by Moderna to see if the doses were in fact ineffective now, and prosecutors would then decide whether to pursue other charges.

Salvador Hernandez is a reporter for BuzzFeed News and is based in Los Angeles.

.

A Hospital Employee Was Arrested For Intentionally Spoiling More Than 500 Doses Of The COVID-19 Vaccine

Police in Grafton, Wisconsin, said the now-former employee of Advocate Aurora Health Hospital is accused of tampering with and causing the destruction of 57 vials.

Mary Ann GeorgantopoulosBuzzFeed News Reporter

Krys Lee YandoliBuzzFeed News Reporter

Posted on December 31, 2020

A now-fired pharmacist of a suburban Milwaukee hospital was arrested Thursday and accused of intentionally removing 57 vials of the COVID-19 vaccine from a pharmacy refrigerator, resulting in the hospital throwing out more than 550 doses.

Police in Grafton, Wisconsin, issued a statement Thursday saying the employee of Advocate Aurora Health Hospital is accused of tampering with and causing the destruction of the vials. The individual was fired from the medical center this week.

According to police, the former pharmacist admitted in a written statement to intentionally removing the vaccine.

“Grafton detectives indicate that the individual knew the spoiled vaccinations would be useless and that people who received the vaccinations would think they had been vaccinated against the virus when in fact they were not," police said.

Authorities said they first believed that the doses were left out of the refrigerator accidentally, but after receiving more information and doing a “deeper dive into the incident,” they discovered that the vials were intentionally removed.

“The investigation revealed that a former Pharmacist — a resident of Grafton, removed the vials from the refrigerated storage knowing that they would not be usable.”

Advocate Aurora Health Care Chief Medical Group Officer Jeff Bahr said the destroyed vials were the Moderna vaccine.

The Moderna vaccine shipped at freezer temperatures of -4 degrees Fahrenheit and the vials can be stored at refrigerator temperatures for up to 30 days, and at room temperatures for half a day.

"We continue to believe that vaccination is our way out of the pandemic. We are more than disappointed," the hospital said in a statement. "This was a violation of our core values."

The value of the wasted medicine is estimated to be between $8,000 and $11,000.

The former employee, who has not been publicly identified, is currently being held in jail in Ozaukee County.

MORE THAN CANADA HAS

Illinois expunges nearly 500,000 cannabis-related records


The expungements were four years ahead of schedule.

File Photo by Gary C. Caskey/UPI | License Photo

Jan. 2 (UPI) -- Illinois started off the new year with nearly half a million less cannabis-related arrests on record.

Gov. J.B. Pritzker announced in a series of Twitter posts on Thursday the state had expunged "nearly 500,000 low-level cannabis related records."

"Today, I also pardoned 9,219 low-level cannabis conviction records, for a total of 20,000 since the signing of Illinois' recreation cannabis legislation, the most equity centric in the nation," he added in another post.

The governor originally projected a four-year timetable to start expunging records after 2019 legislation legalizing recreational cannabis use became effective at the start of last year.

RELATED Man freed after nation's longest prison time for nonviolent cannabis crimes

Pritzker tweeted in a post that the half a million expungements were "four years ahead of schedule."

"We reached this milestone one year into what will be an ongoing effort to correct historic wrongdoings fueled by the war on drugs," he said in the post.

"We will never be able to fully remedy the depth of the damage in communities of color, who have disproportionately shouldered this burden," he tweeted in another post Thursday. "But we can govern with the courage to admit the mistakes of our past -- and the decency to set a better path forward."

RELATED Study: Two-thirds of young e-cig users quit or cut back early in pandemic

Though the process has been completed at the state level, county clerks were still processing records, the Chicago Sun-Times reported.

Illinois State Police have conducted the automatic expungement process four years ahead of a Jan. 1, 2025, statutory deadline, but most of the state's 102 counties still have to complete the process. So far, only DuPage, Kane, Knox, McHenry, McLean, Peoria, Rock Island, Will and Winnebego counties have completed expungements at the local level. The rest have until Jan. 1, 2025, to finish the process.

Illinois is the 11th state to legalize cannabis for adult recreational use.

RELATED Vaping cannabis can modestly impair driving up to 4 hours later

upi.com/7064686

2021 to stay soggy for southeastern US after a sopping 2020

By Mary Gilbert, Accuweather.com


U.S. Coast Guard Air Station Clearwater, Fla., conducts an overflight to survey the damage following Hurricane Laura near Orange, Texas, on August 27, 2020. Laura became a Category 4 before making landfall. It was a soggy year for much of the southeastern U.S.,

 Photo by PO3 Paige Hause/U.S. Coast Guard/UPI | License Photo

As the world flips the calendar to 2021, many residents may take time to reflect on the year now solidly in the rear-view mirror. The year 2020 was for many, but one thing is for sure: many heavy rain events took aim at the southeastern United States.

In a soggy year for much of the southeastern U.S., some of the most prolific events came as a result of tropical activity.

The 2020 Atlantic Ocean hurricane season was certainly record breaking. An unprecedented 30 named tropical systems roared to life in the basin, a record shattering 12 of which made landfall on U.S. soil. Several of these land-falling tropical systems adopted a storm track that brought a deluge of rainfall to the southeastern quarter of the country. Delta and Zeta were two notable examples of this phenomenon.

Due in part to these tropical strikes and a culmination of many potent non-tropical storms throughout the year, many locations from eastern Texas through the Southeast and up into the mid-Atlantic experienced above-average rainfall totals in 2020.


RELATED Barrage of storms to aim for West Coast through early January

The year 2020 was the third-wettest year of the past 10 years for Atlanta, with only 2018 and 2015 recording more rainfall. In 2020, the observing station at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport recorded a total of 66.99 inches of rainfall, which was nearly 17.50 inches above the yearly average for the site. Similarly, 2020 was the second-wettest year of the past 10 years for Charlotte, North Carolina.

While 2020 was an abnormally wet year for many across the southeastern quarter of the U.S., that trend appears unlikely to change for the first month of 2021.

As an expansive storm system overspread much of the eastern half of the country to ring in the new year, heavy rain and strong thunderstorms rocked portions of the Southeast. While a general 1-3 inches of rain soaked areas from eastern Alabama to western North Carolina on Friday, at least one confirmed tornado spun up in Georgia. Rain and storms continued for portions of the southeastern U.S. on Saturday.

As a result of this storm, many locations across the southeastern U.S. have already received between 20% and 50% of the typical rainfall amount for the entire month of January. As of Sunday, Atlanta stands at 29% of its average rainfall for the month, while Augusta, Ga., stands at 50%.

Many of these locations are on pace to exceed typical precipitation levels for the month of January. One such location, Columbia, S.C., takes this idea to the extreme. In the first two days of 2021, the city has already recorded 2.53 inches of rainfall, or 71% of its average rainfall for the entire month of January, with several weeks to go.

Forecasters say that the atmospheric pattern is such that rounds of wet weather are likely to target the southeastern portion of the country throughout the month of January.

RELATED NASA approves two new missions to study space weather

"A strong area of high pressure over eastern Canada and Greenland, known as a 'blocking high' and weakening polar vortex can begin to influence the pattern late this week," AccuWeather Senior and Lead Long-Range Meteorologist Paul Pastelok explained. "This will continue to force a very active southern storm track.

"The South and Southeast will deal with more stormy weather and lower-than-normal temperatures, which could last through the rest of January," Pastelok said.

Ship with 265 migrants rescued off Libya finds safe harbor in Sicily

Proactiva Open Arms founder Oscar Camps, shown in Madridon

'December 15, said his vessel rescued 265 migrants

from Libya over the weekend. 

Photo by Fernando Alvarado/EPA-EFE

Jan. 4 (UPI) -- A Proactiva Open Arms ship carrying 265 migrants picked up from the Mediterranean Sea has found safe harbor at Porto Empedocle in Sicily, the non-governmental organization said Monday.

The organization said the migrants, mostly from Eritrea, were rescued by the Spanish-flagged Open Arms vessel. The group, which also included migrants from Sudan, Syria and Egypt, fled Libya aboard a wooden boat in the Mediterranean Sea and was found Saturday about 110 miles north of the Libyan coast.

Open Arms said Monday it was waiting for further instructions as the ship sailed toward the island.

The vessel already had rescued 157 migrants from rough seas when it picked up another 96 Saturday outside the Libyan search zone. Open Arms founder Oscar Camps shared a video showing deteriorating weather conditions during the rescue.

Diluvia y las condiciones en cubierta se deterioran rápidamente por el mal tiempo. Esta misma situación en una patera seria una muerte segura. Después de las negativas de Malta para permitirnos desembarcar, Italia nos acaba de confirmar un puerto seguro: Porto Empedocle, Sicilia. pic.twitter.com/i4m6SGNWh0— Oscar Camps (@campsoscar) January 3, 2021

"This same situation on a boat would be certain death," Camps said. "After Malta's refusals to allow us to disembark, Italy has just confirmed a safe port for us."

On Sunday, the International Organization for Migration said that 79 migrants were rescued off the Libyan coast and another eight were missing. Those rescued included 13 women and seven children.

Libya has been a popular departure point for migrants escaping war and terrorist violence in the region after nearly a decade of chaos following the death of the country's strongman, Moammar Gadhafi, in 2011.

Workplace messaging app Slack hit by outage on 1st business day of 2021

JAN. 4, 2021 


The logo for Slack hung outside of the New York Stock Exchange to celebrate its initial public offering on June 20, 2019. File photo by John Angelillo/UPI | License Photo


Jan. 4 (UPI) -- The popular messaging app Slack, heavily used by remote workers, was hit with a service outage Monday as employees reported to work for the first time in 2021.

"Customers may have trouble loading channels or connecting to Slack at this time," the app's managers wrote in a message to users 10:15 a.m. EST.


The app was down for more than two hours during the first major workday of the year, but by 12:30 p.m., service to at least some users had been restored.

"While the issue is largely still ongoing, we believe some customers may see improvement in connecting to Slack after a refresh (CTRL/CMD + R)," the company wrote on its service status page.

RELATED Salesforce acquires work chat app Slack for $27B

The Downdector website fielded 15,000 reports of Slack going offline at 10 a.m.

The messaging app, made by San Francisco-based Slack Technologies Inc., has emerged as an important workplace tool during the COVID-19 pandemic as millions of employees are forced to work from home.

The company was purchased last year by Salesforce.com Inc. for nearly $28 billion. Since then, its stock has jumped by 80% due to the upsurge in work-from-home tools.

RELATED Messaging platform Slack buys directory firm Rimeto

Its outage produced bemused comments from social media users, some of whom seemed anxious to extend the holiday weekend.

"If Slack is down for 15 minutes, the workday is canceled. I don't make the rules," wrote Twitter user Chris Albon.

"Slack being down on the morning we all return to work feels like 2021 promising it will be a bit kinder to us all," tweeted Jarett Wieselman.

THIRD WORLD USA

20 states boost minimum wage, some by just pennies

JAN. 1, 2021 

Restaurant workers often are among those who receive the minimum wage. 

Photo by Jim Ruymen/UPI | License Photo


Jan. 1 (UPI) -- With the start of the new year, 20 states have raised their minimum wage -- by as much as $1.50 per hour and as little as 8 cents.

For some workers, the increases will help their families whose bread earners have been hard-hit by the coronavirus and are trying to make ends meet. For others, miniscule increases won't make much of a dent.

"We have lots of low-wage, service workers who are working through the COVID crisis, many of whom are in jobs with a greater risk of transmission," Ken Jacobs, chair of the Center for Labor Research and Education at the University of California-Berkeley told CNN.

"This will be a very welcome boost for them. As well, a lot of families are struggling right now in this crisis," Jacobs said.

NOT ONE STATE RAISE IT TO $15

The biggest minimum wage jump comes in New Mexico, which raised the required salary by $1.50, to $10.50. The tiniest increase comes in Minnesota, where workers will gain an additional 8 cents an hour, to $10.08.

Among states with big increases are Arkansas (up $1 to $11), California (up $1 to $14), Illinois (up $1 to $11) and New Jersey (up $1 to $12).

Among those with small increases are Alaska (up $15 cents to $10.34), Arizona (up 15 cents to $12.15), Florida (up 9 cents to $8.65), Maine (up 15 cents to $12.15), Montana (up 10 cents to $8.75), Ohio (up 10 cents to $8.80), South Dakota (up 15 cents to $9.45) and Washington (up 19 cents to $13.69).

Other states providing increases are Colorado (32 cents to $12.32), Maryland (75 cents to $11.75), Massachusetts (75 cents to $13.50), New York (70 cents to $12.50) and Vermont (79 cents to $11.75).

New York city, however, has a $15-per-hour minimum wage, and certain suburban areas are higher than the $12.50, as well.

Some states are not permitted by law to increase the minimum wage under certain conditions. for example, Michigan, a state law requires that the annual unemployment average fall below 8.5%. Unemployment there stood at 10.2 percent through 12 months of 2020, making it impossible to bring the average below the mandated minimum.

The federal minimum wage remains at $7.25 per hour, and 20 states -- most in the South and West --have a minimum either equal to or below that amount.

The minimum wage increases this year "are an indication that people understand how much the $7.25 federal minimum wage keeps people in poverty," Holly Sklar, chief executive officer of Business for a Fair Minimum Wage, told CBS News.

RELATED Workers call for hazard pay, sick days ahead of holiday shopping season

RELATED Relief for unemployed in U.S. could be crucial for health, study says

Low-wage workers in 20 states will see a pay raise on New Year's Day

BY AIMEE PICCHI 

UPDATED ON: DECEMBER 31, 2020 / MONEYWATCH/CBS

Workers in 20 states will get a pay hike on January 1 when the minimum wage increases, thanks to cost-of-living adjustments and other scheduled increases. Later in the year, another four states and Washington, D.C. will raise their baseline pay, which means that low-wage workers in almost half the nation could see higher pay next year. 


The pay hikes come as the federal minimum wage, which hasn't seen an increase for more than 11 years, remains mired at $7.25 an hour — the longest span the baseline wage has gone without an increase since it began in 1938. At the same time, workers across the nation are struggling amid an economic recession caused by the coronavirus pandemic, which continues to spread unabated.

A higher minimum wage could help those workers regain their financial footing, especially so-called essential workers such as grocery clerks and home health aides, whose jobs have helped keep the economy humming during the crisis yet whose earnings are among the lowest. Critics claim higher minimum wages can hurt the labor market by depressing job creation — yet recent economic research hasn't found support for that claim. Instead, advocates say a higher minimum wage helps the economy by putting more money in the pockets of workers who tend to spend it on local businesses and and services.


The wage hikes in 2021 "are an indication that people understand how much the $7.25 federal minimum wage keeps people in poverty," said Holly Sklar, the CEO of Business for a Fair Minimum Wage, a network of business owners and organizations that advocates for a higher minimum wage. 

Sklar added, "Consumer spending drives our economy, and boosting the minimum wage is a powerful way to boost the economy."

$600 is also 83 hours working min wage full-time. Try surviving on that.

The $7.25 min wage hasn't grown since 2009. Cost of living since then is up 21%.

In 1980, the minimum wage equaled $10.37 in today's dollars.

It's not hard to stimulate the economy. Pay people more.— Dan Price (@DanPriceSeattle) December 24, 2020

Some businesses say higher wages pay off long-term by decreasing turnover and creating higher satisfaction on the job. 

"The direct costs of turnover are obvious — recruitment, interviewing, training," Kelly Vlahakis-Hanks, the CEO of ECOS, which makes ecological cleaning products, told CBS MoneyWatch. "The indirect costs are less obvious, but they're significant, and I think highly underestimated."

After her company boosted its starting wage to $17 an hour in 2014, its voluntary turnover decreased 50% from 3% to 1.5%, she noted. "We have employees who have been with our company 20, even 30 years," Vlahakis-Hanks added.

Lost buying power

Since the last federal minimum wage hike — to $7.25 an hour, starting July 24, 2009 — the cost of living has increased more than 20%, while the price of essentials such as housing and health care have increased even faster. That's created financial pain for many low-paid workers, who increasingly are paying a bigger share of their earnings toward housing and other expenses. 

About half of all renters are "cost burdened," meaning they pay more than 30% of their income toward housing, according to Harvard's Joint Center for Housing Studies. After paying their rent, people who earn less than $15,000 a year have about $410 left each month for food, transportation, health care and other essentials, the study noted.

The minimum wage "came into being to help us recover from the Great Depression," Sklar noted. "It has a dual purpose: mitigating poverty for workers and boosting consumer spending." 

Which states are raising the minimum wage in 2021?

Michigan is expected to keep its minimum wage at $9.65 on January 1, according to the National Federation of Independent Businesses, a trade group. That's because of a law that prohibits wage increases if the state's annual unemployment rate for the preceding calendar year is higher than 8.5%. 

Through October, the jobless rate in the state has averaged 10.2%, which means it's unlikely to drop below 8.5% before the end of the year, the trade group noted. Michigan otherwise would have increased its minimum wage to $9.87. 

Below are the names and new pay rates of states boosting their minimum wage in 2021:
Alaska, to $10.34 an hour on January 1
Arizona, to $12.15 an hour on January 1
Arkansas, to $11 an hour on January 1
California, to $14 on January 1
Colorado, to $12.32 on January 1

Connecticut, to $13 on August 1

Florida, to $8.65 on January 1

Illinois, to $11 on January 1
Maine, to $12.15
Maryland, to $11.75 on January 1 
Massachusetts, to $13.50 on January 1
Minnesota, to $10.08 for employers with an annual gross revenue of at least $500,000 and $8.21 for employers with less than $500,000, on January 1

Missouri, to $10.30 on January 1
Montana, to $8.75 on January 1
Nevada, to either $8.75 or $9.75 on July 1, with the higher rate effective for employers who don't provide health insurance to workers
New Jersey, to $12 on January 1
New Mexico, to $10.50 on January 1
New York State, to $12.50 on December 31, 2020, while Long Island and Westchester will increase to $14 on December 31, 2020
Ohio, to $8.80 on January 1

Oregon, to $12 on July 1, although it will increase to $13.25 for the Portland region and to $11.50 in non-urban counties
South Dakota, to $9.45 on January 1
Vermont, to $11.75 on January 1
Virginia, to $9.50 on May 1
Washington state, to $13.69 on January 1
Washington, D.C. will increase its $15 per-hour minimum wage in July to adjust for the change in the cost of living for the previous 12 months

First published on December 30, 2020 / 3:45 PM

© 2020 CBS Interactive Inc. All Rights Reserved.

PERMANENT ARMS ECONOMY

U.S. foreign military sales broke records in 2020, 

and may grow more in 2021


Experts say deals for Lockheed Martin's F-35, pictured, are a primary cause of significant increases to foreign military sales by the U.S. government this year, and pending deals -- including one for $23 billion -- suggest sales could increase even more in 2021. 

File Photo by Julie M. Shea/U.S. Air National Guard

Jan. 1 (UPI) -- The United States approved a record number of foreign military sales in 2020, by its own accounting and that of arms industry observers.

According to R. Clarke Cooper, assistant secretary of the State Department's Bureau of Political-Military Affairs, the State Department approved $17.08 billion in foreign military sales in fiscal year 2020 -- a 2.8% increase over fiscal 2019.

And the three-year rolling average -- which officials say is a truer reflection of trends -- is even higher, having risen to $54 billion.

The Defense Security Cooperation Agency released those figures at the beginning of December, covering deals for weapons, aircraft and other systems made by companies including Lockheed Martin, Boeing and Northrop Grumman, among others.

RELATED State Department approves possible $4.2B in weapons sales to Kuwait

But close observers of the arms trade say the data from the federal government are not complete, and the numbers should be even higher.

William Hartung, director of the arms and security program at the Center for International Policy, wrote that the DSCA's report, published for decades but not released publicly since 2017, contained several crucial omissions.

"It kind of hides more than it discloses," Hartung told UPI. "It's almost ... I'm not going to say it's useless, but it's of very minimal utility."

RELATED State Department approves $128.1M aircraft sale to Kazakhstan

Notably, the DSCA's report doesn't separate foreign military sales from domestic sales. Also, in terms of foreign military sales, the report primarily measures approvals, not actual sales, Hartung said.

But both numbers were notably high this year.

"In terms of notifications to Congress of big deals, the numbers this year were huge compared to past years. I tallied up $129 billion in offers. It was the biggest year in new offers. It's much larger than other years of the Trump administration," Hartung said.

"It's a huge number in terms of new offers that will again play out. It sort of sets up the U.S. to be the dominant supplier, which we are already, but the margins are larger," he said.

The only year to exceed that was 2010, when the DSCA notified Congress of $123 billion in big arms sales, Hartung said.

Jeff Abramson, a senior fellow at the Arms Control Association, said his organization's tracker showed foreign military sales this calendar year are the highest they've been in this century.

So what brought the numbers up?

"The big difference in fiscal year 2020 was that there was $27 billion in fighter plane sales to Japan -- including $23 billion for the F-35, which is an ongoing program," Hartung said.

"So those two big deals skewed the figures a bit, accounting for almost the full difference in congressional foreign military sales notifications from fiscal year 2019 to fiscal year 2020."

Hartung noted that Japan had started an F-35 program before President Donald Trump took office, so the increase can't be attributed to the Trump administration's policies.

"It's part of the ongoing flow of arms deals that transcend administrations," Hartung said.

And from that perspective, fiscal year 2021 actually could be a bigger year for foreign military sales than 2020 -- due to a $23 billion package to sell F-35s, drones and bombs to the United Arab Emirates.

Some members of Congress have threatened to block that deal, and it's far from the only controversial sale the State Department has approved under the current administration.

Sales or arms transfers to Saudi Arabia, Egypt, the Philippines and Hungary -- some of which were approved in the last week of the year -- have also raised questions due to human rights issues in those countries.

And sales to Taiwan also worry observers due to the United States' increasingly strained relationship with China, which has threatened to retaliate over deals approved this fall.

"There's sort of a range of countries that raise alarms for those of us worried about how they might be used in terms of human rights," Abramson told UPI.

"Writ large, this administration has been horrendous for any advocates for a more responsible and sane approach to the arms trade."

And while Trump's support for some of these governments may be ideological, there's really one consistent throughline to the Trump administration's policy in terms of foreign military sales, Abramson said.

"This president seems to think that selling as many arms as possible is a success," he said.

Abramson said he is cautiously optimistic about the incoming Biden administration's arms trade policy.

He noted that re-entering the Arms Trade Treaty is a plank in the Democratic Party Platform and said there's reason to think President-elect Biden's administration will "take restraint and responsibility much more seriously."

But he also suspects the trend from this administration of Congress taking action on arms trade issues -- historically rare -- will continue.

"Even if the Democrats end up capturing the Senate, I think we'll see much more congressional action because it's a Trump administration approach," Abramson said.

CONGRESS CAN VOTE FOR IMPEACHMENT (AGAIN)

2 House Democrats seek FBI probe into Trump after leaked call over election

President Donald Trump returns early on Marine One from their Florida vacation, on the South Lawn of the White House in Washington, D.C. on December 31. Photo by Ken Cedeno/UPI | License Photo

Jan. 4 (UPI) -- Two House Democrats called for a criminal investigation Monday into President Donald Trump after leaked call to Georgia officials allegedly soliciting election fraud.

Rep. Ted Lieu, D-Calif., and Rep. Kathleen Rice, D-N.Y., wrote to FBI Director Christopher Wray to request the probe after Trump was heard on the call leaked to the public Sunday asking Georgia's Secretary of State to "find" votes to overturn the presidential election results in the state.

"The president of the United States, in an approximately one-hour long phone call, threatened and berated Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger to find 11,780 votes to overturn the president's defeat in the state," the letter read.

"Mr. Trump also made a number of other statements soliciting election fraud, such as telling Mr. Raffensperger: 'And there's nothing wrong with saying, you know, um, that you've recalculated.'"

During the leaked phone call with Raffensperger, a Republican, and his office's general counsel, Ryan Germany, obtained by The Washington Post and NBC News, Trump called for Raffensperger to overturn the election results, citing unfounded claims of fraud, or face potential legal and political consequences.

Trump also suggested Raffensperger's failure to adhere to his demands would hurt the chances of Republican Sens. David Perdue and Kelly Loeffler in the runoff election against Democratic challengers Tuesday that will determine the balance of the Senate.

Raffensperger told Trump that the data his election challenge was based on "is wrong" and Germany told Trump repeatedly that voting machines had not been tampered with.

"The evidence of election fraud by Mr. Trump is now in broad daylight," Lieu and Rice wrote in the letter to Wray, citing U.S. and Georgia codes prohibiting criminal solicitation to commit election fraud and refusing to count accurate votes.

President-Elect Joe Biden was certified as the winner of the election in the state following a statewide recount and audit of the election, resulting in 16 electoral votes for Biden, with 306 votes overall, surpassing the 270 needed to win, compared to Trump's 232.

Congress will meet Wednesday to formally count the electoral votes.

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