Tuesday, December 19, 2023

 

Troublesome China Bashing

The front-page headline of the December 11, 2023, Washington Post (WAPO) read, “China’s cyber army is invading critical U.S. services.” The sub-headline, “A utility in Hawaii, a West Coast port and a pipeline are among the victims in the past year, officials say,” impressed upon the reader that the Peoples Republic of China had wriggled its way into causing havoc in America’s industrial system. Carefully read the article and learn that nothing unusual has happened to critical U.S. services and there are no facts to indicate anything unusual will happen. The headlined article is a far-fetched opinion piece masquerading as an explosive investigation that urges critical attention to an exaggerated problem. Addressing this exaggeration may seem trivial but it tells the story of how the government gathers information to make faulty decisions and that is not trivial. Please excuse if the response to the article sounds sarcastic at times, but the article has comedic appearances that invite ridicule.

How do we know this is an exaggerated problem; a succeeding paragraph tells us nothing happened, and, after casually informing us there have been no disruptions, the authors take a five thousand mile leap to tie together a trivial hacking and the brewwwwwwiiiiing conflict in Taiwan.

None of the intrusions affected industrial control systems that operate pumps, pistons or any critical function, or caused a disruption, U.S. officials said. But they said the attention to Hawaii, which is home to the Pacific Fleet, and to at least one port as well as logistics centers suggests the Chinese military wants the ability to complicate U.S. efforts to ship troops and equipment to the region if a conflict breaks out over Taiwan.

Without citing a fact that relates some trivial hacking to a diabolical scheme or showing the hacking was more than a nuisance, the article informs us that the hacking, “suggests the Chinese military wants the ability to complicate U.S. efforts to ship troops and equipment to the region if a conflict breaks out over Taiwan.”

Did this read correctly: “Chinese military wants the ability to complicate U.S. efforts to ship troops and equipment to the region if a conflict breaks out over Taiwan?” Fellow Americans, do you know that our government intends to send troops to fight for Taiwan? Don’t be concerned, any war in Taiwan will be over before any ship left U.S. waters with battle-ready American soldiers ready to fight the yellow peril.

Who are these hackers? “Hackers affiliated with China’s People’s Liberation Army have burrowed into the computer systems of about two dozen critical entities over the past year, experts said.” ‘Affiliated’ is a vague word and, without having specifics, there is doubt that China’s People’s Liberation Army knew about the hacking.

The imagination of the government sources that provided the information for the article does not just leap continents, it reaches into the barren outer space with over-dosed suppositions.

Some of the victims compromised by Volt Typhoon were smaller companies and organizations across a range of sectors and “not necessarily those that would have an immediate relevant connection to a critical function upon which many Americans depend,” said Eric Goldstein, CISA’s executive assistant director. This may have been “opportunistic targeting … based upon where they can gain access” — a way to get a toehold into a supply chain in the hopes of one day moving into larger, more-critical customers, he said.

The hackers are looking for a way to get in and stay in without being detected, said Joe McReynolds, a China security studies fellow at the Jamestown Foundation, a think tank focused on security issues. “You’re trying to build tunnels into your enemies’ infrastructure that you can later use to attack. Until then you lie in wait, carry out reconnaissance, figure out if you can move into industrial control systems or more critical companies or targets upstream. And one day, if you get the order from on high, you switch from reconnaissance to attack.”

Lots of words that say the cyberattacks have accomplished nothing but could be a training ground for more advanced activities, similar to shooting ducks could be terrorist training for shooting down airplanes.

Adding zero information to zero information forms a mighty conclusion.

The disclosures to The Post build on the annual threat assessment in February by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, which warned that China “almost certainly is capable of launching cyberattacks that would disrupt U.S. critical infrastructure, including oil and gas pipelines and rail systems.

The report, which shows some Chinese have basic knowledge of cyberattacks, leads to a conclusion of major capability ─ China “almost certainly is capable of launching cyberattacks that would disrupt U.S. critical infrastructure, including oil and gas.” To my knowledge, no strategic facility is on the Internet; they are all on private networks and cannot be hacked unless the hacker sets up transceivers around the facility that can intercept the communications, decode them, retrieve vital information, such as passwords, and transmit hacking messages into the networks computers. This is a complicated procedure and is difficult to shield from exposure. No revelations that “hackers affiliated with China’s People’s Liberation Army” have set up shop around the private networks have been mentioned.

This investigation of the investigation may sound trivial and provoke a big yawn and a “so what.” Don’t be fooled, the WAPO article reveals a major problem confronting Americans ─ U.S. foreign policies are not developed from facts and reality; they are developed from made-up stories that fit agendas. Those who guide the agendas solicit support from the population by providing made-up and exaggerated stories that rile the American public and define its enemies. This diversion from facts and truth is responsible for the counterproductive wars fought by the U.S., for Middle East turmoil, for a world confronted with terrorism, and for the contemporary horrors in Ukraine and Gaza. U.S. foreign policy is not the cause of all the problems, but it intensifies them and rarely solves any of them.

U.S. administrations have been involved in much of China’s internal affairs — Taiwan, Hong Kong, Tibet, South China Sea, Belt and Road, Uyghurs — without showing how China’s internal affairs affect the U.S. and why the U.S. and not Tanzania should be involved. What has this interference accomplished? Nothing! Absolutely nothing, and, except for the South China Sea disputes, nothing that arouses concerns seems to be occurring. If the U.S. administrations spent time, energy, and tax dollars on affairs more directly connected with U.S. operations, they may learn that their obsession with China’s affairs hindered acceptable resolutions and prevented attention to their own and more meaningful problems. Oh, and it might prevent World War III.


Dan Lieberman publishes commentaries on foreign policy, economics, and politics at substack.com. He is author of the non-fiction books A Third Party Can Succeed in America, Not until They Were Gone, Think Tanks of DC, The Artistry of a Dog, and a novel: The Victory (under a pen name, David L. McWellan). Read other articles by Dan.

 

Venezuela-Guyana Controversy

National Assembly President Jorge Rodriguez (left) and Chairman of the Special Commission for the Defence of Guyana Essequibo Hermann Escarra, unveil Venezuela’s new map that includes the Essequibo territory, a swath of land that is administered and controlled by Guyana but claimed by Venezuela, in Caracas, Venezuela, Friday, December 8, 2023

If there were any misgivings about the actions undertaken by the government of Venezuela around the territorial dispute with Guyana, the joint military exercises between Guyana Defence Forces (GDF) and the US Southern Command (SouthCom) explain what really lies behind things.

Venezuela’s claimed territory, also known as Guayana Esequiba, is 159,500 square kilometres west of the river of the same name. SouthCom (the Pentagon) never intervenes in territorial disputes, unless the territory in question contains resources of geopolitical importance for US imperialism.

In an interview on January 21 2023, SouthCom Chief Laura Richardson stressed how important Latin America was for US foreign policy because of “its rich resources,” a point she has been making since her appointment in 2021.

She went on to highlight “the largest oil reserves, including light and sweet crude, discovered off Guyana” and “Venezuela’s rich oil, copper, and gold resources.”

The basis of Venezuela’s claim is the 1777 Map of the General Captaincy of Venezuela, created by colonial Spain on September 8 of that year, which clearly includes Guyana Esequiba.

On the eve of Venezuelan independence in 1810, Spain’s official map of the Captaincy also included it. Since Venezuelan independence, all its constitutions (1811, 1819, 1821, 1830, 1857, 1858, 1864, 1874, 1881, 1891, 1893, 1901, 1904, 1909, 1914, 1922, 1925, 1928, 1931, 1936, 1947, 1953, 1961 and the Bolivarian Constitution of 1999) have included Guayana Esequiba as integral part of its territory.

Venezuela proclaimed its independence in 1811 and Simon Bolivar’s liberating efforts led in 1821 to Great Colombia, comprising Venezuela and Colombia. The newly created republic, as early as 1821, complained of the continuous invasions of English colonists into Venezuelan territory.

Great Colombia’s vice-president sent a formal note to Britain’s prime minister, Lord Castlereagh that his country’s eastern limit “ends at the Essequibo, the left bank of this river being the border with Dutch Guiana” (today’s Suriname). Great Colombia underwent geographical expansion and variations in 18221824 and 1826, but it always comprised Guayana Esequiba.

In 1825 the British empire acknowledged its independence with Guayana Esequiba as an integral part of that state. With the separation from Great Colombia in 1830, Venezuela’s constitution established that its territory comprised the region [called before 1810] “the Captaincy General of Venezuela.” In 1834 Britain recognised Venezuela’s independence.

The problem was Perfidious Albion (Napoleon’s accurate name for British imperialism). Britain commissioned Robert Schomburgk, a botanist, to carry out a survey of British Guiana in which he unilaterally drew a new line of demarcation of the border that gave British Guiana 80,000 square kilometres of Venezuelan territory.

More “Schomburgk lines” were drawn adding more Venezuelan territory to British Guiana that by 1897 had amounted to 167,830 square kilometres (see in map how rapacious this was). In 1887 Venezuelan president Guzman Blanco broke relations with Great Britain because the British refused to withdraw from Guayana Esequiba, thus forcing arbitration.

Venezuela was then in turmoil. A civil war had broken out in 1892 and Venezuela was in no position to pay debts to France, Spain, Belgium, Britain and Germany. As civil war broke again in 1898, a European coalition was planning military intervention (in 1902 a European naval force blockaded Venezuela when British and German warships bombed Puerto Cabello).

By 1897 the territory controversy was nearly 60 years old and the US’s heavy intervention forced Venezuela, following the signing of the Treaty of Washington, to accept an Arbitration Commission made up of five members: two nominated by the US Supreme Court, two by the British government, and one, non-Venezuelan, to be chosen by the Venezuelan government.

Venezuela chose former US president Benjamin Harrison as its counsel. Unsurprisingly, the Arbitration Commission in 1899 awarded almost 90 per cent of the disputed territory (see Venezuelan map) and all of the gold mines to Britain but gave no reasons for the decision.

In 1949, a (posthumously published) memorandum by Severo Mallet-Prevost, official secretary of the US/Venezuela delegation to the Arbitration Commission, revealed that Friederich Martens, chair and judge of the 1899 Paris Arbitration Commission, contravening the Washington Treaty rules, had colluded with the two British judges to coerce the other judges to arbitrate in favour of Britain.

Thus, Venezuela rejected the 1899 Arbitral Award as fraudulent. In 1962 its Foreign Affairs Minister, Falcon Briceno, demanded a vindication of his country’s rights over the disputed territory. Venezuela pursued the case for its historical claims to Guayana Esequiba until Britain finally agreed to start negotiations through the signing on February 17 1966 of the Geneva Agreement.

This agreement was recognised by Guyana at the moment of its independence on May 26 1966. Thus, Britain accepted both that the controversy existed and a protocol to resolve it, confirming the 125-year-old dispute had been caused by British colonial encroachments. The 1966 Geneva Agreement is still valid and current mainstream media arguments that the dispute was settled in 1899 are simply false.

In 1993, contravening the Geneva Agreement, Guyana approved an exploration by ExxonMobil in the disputed Statebrok Block, and in 2000 huge deposits of gas and oil were discovered. In 2000, president Hugo Chavez rejected the concession Guyana had granted to US company Beal Aerospace Technologies Inc to install a space launch platform.

However, he made it clear that Venezuela would not be an obstacle to projects of social benefits such as “access to water for human consumption, new roads, energy programmes and agricultural activities.”

In 2007, the Bolivarian government ejected ExxonMobil from Venezuela’s Orinoco Basin oil fields because the oil giant refused to comply with new laws. Chavez effectively nationalised foreign oil companies and increased their taxation of ongoing projects from 34 per cent to 50 per cent.

ExxonMobil turned its attention to the disputed Essequibo region, and its exploration, under the Production Sharing Agreement with Guyana, led in 2015 to the discovery of one of the largest oil finds in recent years (Exxon was given 75 per cent of the oil revenue toward the cost of recovery and is exempt from any taxes). At the time, Exxon’s CEO was Rex Tillerson.

In March 2015 president Obama’s declared Venezuela “an unusual and extraordinary threat to US national security” and in May 2015, ExxonMobil announced the discovery of oil in Guayana Esequiba. In September 2015, Tillerson and Guyana’s president, David Granger, met in New York where they planned their strategy against Venezuela which involved ending the 1966 Geneva Agreement and pressing the UN to go to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) with State Department support.

In September 2016, Tillerson and Granger met again at the UN and in December UN secretary-general Ban Ki-Moon sent the dispute to the ICJ. In February 2017, Tillerson was appointed US state secretary by president Trump. In 2018 Guyana submitted a complaint to the ICJ about the dispute which the latter accepted in 2020, even though only one of the parties was in favour of doing so.

Between 2015 and 2023, Guyana joined the destabilisation against Bolivarian Venezuela. It voted 16 out of 23 times against Venezuela in the Organisation of American States. Guyana also joined the now-deceased Lima Group and signed 16 out of 45 communiques seeking to oust President Maduro’s government. In 2019 Trump had adopted the policy of “maximum pressure” to oust the Venezuelan government.

With the election of Irfaan Ali as president in 2020, Guyana massively escalated the conflict to the point of formally proposing SouthCom military bases in its territory as “protection” against Venezuela. SouthCom officials regularly visit Guyana and hold joint military drills leading Irfaan to engage in aggressive rhetoric — “Guyana Defence Forces are on high alert and in contact with SouthCom, who are on alert.”

Irfaan has granted oil concessions in waters that are not even part of the dispute. All the while, Exxon extracts around 500,000 barrels per day in Venezuelan sea waters.

Thus, Venezuela responded by holding an overwhelmingly supported referendum on December 3 2023, conducted within the 1966 Geneva Agreement spirit and as a confirmation of the government’s position of not recognising the jurisdiction of the ICJ in the controversy surrounding the Essequibo.

Furthermore, Venezuela’s National Assembly passed a unanimous resolution creating the new, Guayana Esequiba state, and prompted by the growing and persistent presence of SouthCom in Guyana, it also established a High Commission for its defence.

The Venezuelan government is taking these and several other measures making it abundantly clear that the threat is not Guyana but Exxon and the US, which have spent years seeking to violently overthrow the Bolivarian government.

However, President Maduro has repeatedly called upon President Irfaan to engage in dialogue and avoid being trapped in the Exxon-US push for military conflict. The Venezuelan government also called upon the government of Guyana “to desist from its erratic, threatening and risky behaviour and return to the path of direct dialogue, through the Geneva Agreement.”

Thankfully, thanks to direct contacts between President Maduro, Brazil’s Lula and Ralph Gonsalves, on December 10 2023, the government of Guyana accepted President Maduro’s proposal for dialogue to “maintain Latin America and the Caribbean as a zone of peace, without interference from external actors.”

The meeting was scheduled for December 14 2023 in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines to be hosted by its president, Gonsalves. Venezuela’s Foreign Minister Yvan Gil thanked Celac and Caricom for their efforts in promoting the Venezuela-Guyana dialogue and sponsoring this most important meeting.

We must all support Venezuela’s stance that “the territorial dispute will only be resolved through dialogue, mutual respect, and commitment to preserve the region as a zone of peace, free from interference,” and say no to the US-ExxonMobil push for war.

  • First published at Morning Star Online.

  • Francisco Domínguez is a member of Executive Committee, Venezuela Information Centre. Read other articles by Francisco, or visit Francisco's website.
    USA: the Pentagon is working on the development of microwave weapons to defend against drone attacks

    The "Wall Street Journal" writes this, stating that these weapons are now "at the forefront" of the federal government's defense strategy, after years of development

    Washington
    December 19 2023
    © Agenzia Nova -


    The Pentagon is working to develop microwave weapons, non-lethal devices used so far for crowd control and to stop moving vehicles through millimeter wave transmission, to deal with the growing number of missile and drone attacks in the Middle East and in the Red Sea. He writes it "Wall Street Journal", stating that such weapons are now “at the forefront” of the federal government's defense strategy, after years of development.

    Microwave devices they are in fact able to neutralize the electronic devices that allow the launch and maneuver of missiles and drones used increasingly often by Hamas in the war against Israel; by pro-Iranian militias active in the Middle East, which have been attacking US troops stationed in the region for months; and by Yemeni Houthi rebels, who are launching an increasing number of drones in the skies of the Red Sea. Last week alone, the US Navy destroyed 14 Houthi-launched drones, often used to attack commercial shipping in the Red Sea.

    The work of the Pentagon for developing infrastructure to defend against drone attacks is no secret: last month, during a speech at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, a Washington-based think tank, Major General Sean Gainey said that “ Energy-based technologies such as microwaves are the ones we want to invest in, also being low cost." The officer heads a Department of Defense office dedicated to developing defense against remotely piloted aircraft.
    OPINION

    Weathering the Storm: Navigating Climate-Care Nexus in the Philippines

    Credit: UNICEF Philippines/JMaitem

    MANILA, Philippines, Dec 19 2023 (IPS) - In a coastal community in Tacloban City in Leyte, Philippines, Maria’s life was intricately woven with the ebb and flow of the sea. Her days were filled with caring for her two young children and selling fish caught by her husband at the market. Little did she know that winds of change were brewing far beyond the horizon.

    In 2013, Typhoon Haiyan descended upon Maria’s community with an unforgiving force, leaving a haunting landscape of destruction. As the wind and rain subsided, Maria emerged from what remained of her home. Her heart shattered as she surveyed the wreckage.

    Many people had been killed, including her husband. With no time to grieve the loss, the weight of being the primary caregiver intensified as Maria’s thoughts turned to her children.

    Maria had to walk further each day, just to secure a meager ration of rice and clean water. Her youngest child had developed a persistent cough. Ordinarily, she would have rushed to the local clinic, but now she felt helpless as the nearest functioning healthcare facility was miles away. The school, where Maria’s eldest daughter once eagerly learned, now stood as a skeletal reminder of interrupted dreams.

    Like many women in the Philippines, Maria had to juggle the responsibilities of rebuilding a home, providing for her children, and ensuring their survival. A study by Oxfam Pilipinas showed that women usually spent an average of 12.53 hours daily on care activities before the typhoon. The women of Leyte faced a common struggle, and Maria found solace in the Filipino bayanihan, the communal spirit of helping one another.

    As the island rose from the ruins, Maria’s story became one of resilience. The scars of Haiyan were evident, but so were the stories of survival, of caregivers who carried the weight of their communities on their shoulders.

    Maria’s situation is not an isolated case. The Philippines is ranked as the world’s most disaster-prone country due to its high susceptibility to disaster and lack of adaptive and coping capacities. During disasters, both direct and indirect care work increase due to disruption of care-related services.

    Recognizing climate change’s profound impact on care work, the Philippines has been at the forefront of addressing the climate-care nexus. Oxfam Pilipinas and its partners have been campaigning to tackle social norms, advance policy reform and emphasize the importance of unpaid care work in community resilience building, leveraging evidence of exacerbated care tasks post-Haiyan.

    This year, a pivotal moment in this endeavour was marked by a subnational consultation on care organized in Region 8 by ESCAP, Oxfam Pilipinas, the National Economic Development Authority-Region 8, Philippine Commission on Women and Philippine Rural Reconstruction Movement. This event, timed during the 10-year commemoration of Typhoon Haiyan, provided a platform to delve into the dynamics of the climate-care nexus.

    The consultation deepened the understanding of the intersection between climate and care, with the presentation of ESCAP’s recent policy paper on gender equality and climate change. The discussions illuminated the commendable progress made by the Philippines in advancing the care economy, notably through their recent national consultation on care and successful policies, including care ordinances led by local government units.

    However, significant challenges emerged, such as the provision of climate-resilient care infrastructure and care policy implementation, especially in rural and remote areas. Additionally, concerns were raised about the limited availability of unconditional social protection measures focused on care, highlighting caregivers’ vulnerabilities during disasters.

    During the event, Oxfam Pilipinas appealed to the local government agencies and decision-makers to make visible the invisible, making the case that care work is integral and crucial when thinking of solutions to address climate change. They highlighted the importance of bringing about the agency of carers, mostly women and girls, as active participants in any change process.

    ESCAP’s Conceptual Framework for Policy Action on Care Economy emerged as a tool for addressing climate-care challenges in Region 8. This framework outlines four crucial policy categories for addressing the care economy: care infrastructure, care-related social protection, care services and employment-related care policies.

    These components aim to tackle unpaid care work, promote equitable distribution, and ensure accessible, affordable and high-quality care services.

    The active participation of line ministries, local government officials, and CSO representatives, sparked innovative ideas which culminated in recommendations to address the climate-care nexus in Region 8.

    These included the need to improve national data on unpaid care, increasing the role of women as stewards of nature-based solutions such as mangrove restoration, and the potency of creating a cohort of champions to recognize and redistribute care work through shifting norms and formulation of policies.

    Haiyan’s aftermath exposed the vulnerabilities of caregivers to climate change, yet, the Philippines has emerged as a pioneer, embarking on a journey to address the intricacies of climate and care. The valuable insights and strategies developed through these efforts now stand as a blueprint for the entire Asia-Pacific region which is the most disaster-prone in the world. Let’s build on these initiatives and propel towards a world that is more gender-equal and climate-resilient, where no one is left behind.

    Channe Lindstrøm OÄŸuzhan is Social Affairs Officer, SDD, ESCAP; Leah Payud is Resilience Portfolio Manager, Oxfam Pilipinas; and Jessica Henn is Junior Consultant, ESCAP

    IPS UN Bureau

    Some People are More Equal than Others

    Facebook

    Visualizing Palestine is the intersection of communication, social sciences, technology, design and urban studies for social justice. Visualizing Palestine uses creative visuals to describe a factual rights-based narrative of Palestine/Israel. Read other articles by Visualizing Palestine, or visit Visualizing Palestine's website.
    REST IN POWER
    Alfredo Maria Bonanno, ideologue of the anarcho-insurrectionists, has died

    December 6, 2023 – From Anarchist News




    From Domani (machine translation to English)

    He has been arrested several times, but he has remained a point of reference for a certain intellectual world. He died in Trieste at the age of 86

    His name will not mean much to the general public, but for part of the variegated anarchist world, Alfredo Maria Bonanno was much more than a point of reference. He died this morning, Wednesday 6 December, in Trieste, he was 86 years old: the news gradually spread among friends and companions, informed by his wife. The comrades themselves remember him today for his rigor in searching for original texts by anarchist theorists and for the logic pursued in the discussions.

    His story is enormous in its own way, as much as his inexhaustible journalistic commitment that over the years has also brought him legal troubles: as when in 1972, for an article in the magazine “Sinistra libertaria” that incited insurrection, he was sentenced to two years.

    Another year and a half took him for another controversial writing, La gioia armata, a 1977 review for the magazine “Anarchismo” of a small volume of the Vulcano editions entitled Colpo su colpo, which included a biography of the French anarchist Emile Henry, two of his letters, the account of the trial he underwent, an appendix with a letter by Errico Malatesta, tutelary deity of Italian anarchism.

    Hitting in the pile

    It was the same Henry who carried out a bomb attack in the Café Terminus at the Gare de St. Lazard in Paris, killing one person and injuring about twenty and for this he was guillotined at just 21 years old, on May 21, 1894. And Bonanno described a “young, cultured and intelligent” Henry, who “coldly made a decision that others had matured and understood, but did not realize”: precisely the indiscriminate attack.

    Henry who “attacks the bourgeoisie, not this or that representative of the state institution, this or that policeman, magistrate, executioner, torturer, spy or traitor, no: the whole bourgeoisie. He strikes in the heap, without discrimination. He carefully chooses one of the places that this class frequents, goes there with his infernal device, lights the fuse, throws the bomb and leaves.”

    And finally, in just three lines with a rare gift of synthesis: “Here. Striking in the crowd, today, so long after Henry’s gesture, would not only be a valid gesture but would also be a theoretical contribution to the movement, once again, a qualitative leap.”

    The Political Testament

    Bonanno was mocked by the anarchist world. Amedeo Bertolo, a point of reference for Milanese libertarians and others, wrote, for example, as follows: “We tried to laugh at him because we know the author and his unsatisfactory need to perform increasingly impressive rhodomontades, pour epater le bourgeois, or more likely, since these days it is difficult to impress the bourgeois with decidedly inflated verbal truculences, pour epater l’anarchiste. For years, after all, Alfredo Maria has been devoting himself to scourging the softened and bourgeois anarchist movement (excluding himself) with the modesty of a public prosecutor, the grace of a brawler and the naivety of an advertiser.

    Bonanno, however, would never change his position, even getting noticed in 1978 for a curious publication: an author’s forgery, attributed to Jean Paul Sartre (My Political Testament, obviously full of very violent passages against bourgeois society), which was also taken at face value by the press.

    The Ideologue


    Over the years, after having worked first as a banker at the Banco di Sicilia (he was originally from Catania) and then even as an industrial manager, Bonanno gradually gained a very particular and progressively less isolated position in the libertarian galaxy.

    To the point of finding himself, in the new millennium, as an “ideologue” of the anarcho-insurrectionists. All this, however, always passes through arrests and trials: for example, in 1989, when he was arrested for robbing a jewelry store in Bergamo, or seven years later, when the investigators indicated him as the leader of an armed gang, the Orai (Revolutionary Anarchist Insurrectionist Organization). Sentenced to 3 years and six months in the first instance, which became six on appeal, Bonanno was reported in 2009, for a further two-year sentence for complicity in robbery in Greece.

    Returning to the “intellectual” front, one of his most surprising works was, in 2003, the publication of the long correspondence he had between 1998 and 2000 with Gianfranco Bertoli, the bomber of the massacre at the Police Headquarters, in whose anarchism Bonanno did not believe at the time.

    But then he changed his mind: this is evidenced by the hundreds of letters that the two wrote to each other at the end of the millennium, a correspondence that only Bertoli’s death interrupted. In addition to his wife Annalisa, an anarchist companion in the second half of his life, Alfredo Bonanno leaves a son with her. And that bears the same name.

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/tags/alfredo-m-bonanno

    Alfredo M. Bonanno. Insurrectionist Anarchist 1937-2023.

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/tags/alfredo-m-bonanno?page=1

    Bonanno arrested in Greece on suspicion of involvement in armed bank robbery. According to Kathimerini, the famous Italian anarchist Alfredo M. Bonanno was ...

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/article/professional-anarchy-and-theoretical-disarmament-insurrectionism-miguel-amoros

    Oct 28, 2013 ... libcom.org. Menu. Main navigation. Recent · Donate · Collections ... Alfredo Maria Bonanno was born in Catania (Sicily) in 1937, the son ...

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/library/armed-joy

    Italian insurrectionary anarchist Alfredo Bonanno's most notorious text, 1977's Armed Joy is a call to militant, playful action.

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/article/anarchist-tension-alfredo-m-bonanno

    Nov 22, 2016 ... Anarchism is not a concept that can be locked up in a word like a gravestone. It is not a political theory. It is a way of conceiving life.

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/article/propulsive-utopia-alfredo-m-bonanno

    Nov 22, 2016 ... We are talking about a project that has been studied in the laboratories of capital and is now being applied to perfection. It is aimed at ...

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/article/most-dangerous-idea-selected-insurrectionary-writings-alfredo-m-bonanno

    Nov 22, 2016 ... Alfredo M. Bonanno · anthologies. Comments. Related content. Armed joy - Alfredo Bonanno. Italian insurrectionary anarchist Alfredo Bonanno's ...

    Theanarchistlibrary.org

    https://theanarchistlibrary.org/category/author/alfredo-m-bonanno

    Locked Up — Alfredo M. Bonanno Nov 30, 2009 59 pp. The Logic of Insurrection — Alfredo M. Bonanno Mar 3, 2017 4 pp. Love and death — Alfredo M. Bonanno Jan 25, ...

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/article/alfredo-bonanno-locked

    Alfredo Bonanno - Locked Up. Submitted by working class … on March 1, 2012 ... Alfredo M. Bonanno. Comments. Related content. Anarchist scaremongering at the ...

    Libcom.org

    https://libcom.org/library/insurrectionalist-anarchism-%E2%80%94-part-one

    Alfredo M. Bonanno. Comments. Related content. Armed joy - Alfredo Bonanno. Italian insurrectionary anarchist Alfredo Bonanno's most notorious text, 1977's ...