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Tuesday, May 26, 2026

 

India as a rising pharmaceutical power

India as a rising pharmaceutical power
/ Roberto Sorin - UnsplashFacebook
By IntelliNews May 25, 2026

The international pharmaceutical industry relies on a model of globalised production and value chains to achieve its main efficiencies and optimisations. Under this model, medicines and chemical compounds discovered in Western laboratories rely on either precursor chemicals supplied by, or synthesised in large batches by qualified personnel using the Intellectual Property (IP) holder’s recipe.

India has particularly fit this mold in recent years, and has quietly gained its position as the third largest pharmaceutical producer by volume in the world. Although its exports are still ranked 11 in terms of value, its healthcare sector boasts over 3,000 companies and 10,500 manufacturing facilities according to a report by India’s Press Information Bureau.

New Delhi has increased its focus on concluding a flurry of trade deals with its major trade partners in the Western world including the US, UK, EU as a whole bloc as well as with major countries in the EU such as France and Germany.

These trade deals take special care in addressing the sector, as India’s precursor inputs and manufacturing capability makes it highly competitive, especially for countries trying to diversify away from China. India is home to over 500 Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) manufacturers, a number that accounts for around 8% of the global API industry.

However, learning from global policy practice India has stepped up the industrial subsidy programme, and a government-backed push into biologics. This series of stimuli has advantageously placed India’s pharmaceutical sector not only in competition with, but also in complementary form with its peers.

India’s ace in the hole, is primarily generic drug manufacturing, a sub-sector of pharmaceutical manufacturing in which it holds over 20% of the market by volume. This translates into manufacturing for over 60,000 brands in 60 distinct categories.

Domestically too India’s pharmaceutical manufacturing market is valued at around $60bn and could reach upwards of $130bn by 2030, which represents compounding growth that will more than double its reach in only five years.

Purportedly in FY2024-2025 India's pharmaceutical shipments across 191 countries reached $30.5bn which represents a 16-fold increase from FY2000-2021’s $1.9bn.

These exports are not only to jurisdictions where similar regulatory environments to India’s own operates, but over half of it is actually meant for Western markets where the EU and the US testing and additive guidelines are much stricter than India’s own. Reportedly India boasts the highest number of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorised pharmaceutical manufacturing plants which are not on US soil.

However this feat is not because of the Indian government’s policy and fiscal stimulus moves alone. Private firms which are pharmaceutical and healthcare conglomerates in their own right include Sun Pharmaceutical Industries (NSE:SUNPHARMA), Cipla (NSE:CIPLA), Dr Reddy's Laboratories (NSE:DRREDDY), and Divi's Laboratories (NSE:DIVISLAB).

According to figures cited by the Government of India, total sector turnover reached approximately $55.5bn in FY2025-2026, while exports for the sector grew at a 7% compound annual rate over the decade to FY2025-2026, according to India's Economic Survey 2025-26.

One of the most price sensitive pharmaceutical manufacturing subsectors happens to be vaccines, which are highly subsidised internationally because of their outsized impact on all cause mortality across age groups, but especially among children.

Purportedly India supplies around 60% of UNICEF's total vaccine requirements, including 40%-70% of global demand for diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines, as well as over 90% of the World Health Organisation's global measles vaccine requirements.

As most countries with a pharmaceutical and biochemical industry rushed to manufacture vaccines for the COVID19 pandemic, India too threw in its stock with multiple ventures, with Bharat Biotech’s Covaxin and the Serum Institute of India’s Covishield either beating or matching their global peers in their short development and roll out timeline.

However, the Indian pharmaceutical giants’s footprint is also felt in their global acquisitions - the most recent of which has been Sun Pharmaceutical Industries’s takeover of US based Checkpoint Therapeutics. Similarly Zydus Lifesciences (NSE:ZYDUSLIFE) took over France’s Amplitude Surgical, and Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories took over the portfolios of Eton Pharmaceuticals.

While India’s policy measures to attract even more foreign IP and associated manufacturing has been championed by the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme in the pharmaceutical sector, it remains to be seen if the upward trajectory will continue to grow, especially as India’s API and precursor trade as well as finished product shipments rely on maritime transport routes, which are now - globally - under severe stress as the conflict in the Red Sea and the Strait of Hormuz region has made transit a risky undertaking.

Friday, May 22, 2026

Cuba’s Miracle Cure for Alzheimer’s Amidst the Genocidal Oil Blockade

80% of Cuba’s top scientists– in all fields of study, across the board– are women.

 May 22, 2026

I spent approximately eight and a half years as a one-on-one caregiver to my mother after she developed vascular dementia. In her years as an independent retired teacher, she had visited and fallen in love with Cuba, returning multiple times with her brother (as well as with me after her brother’s death). After she passed, I both donated her ambulatory items (two different walkers and one wheelchair) to Cuban veterans retired and living in care, as well as spreading her ashes (with her brothers) on the beach, both in the village of Playa Giron, Cuba– where the revolution defeated the American invasion of April, 1961, and where I had visited along with my living mother during the year of the 50th Anniversary of the great victory of “The Bay of Pigs,” in 2011.

Donna Stainsby in Old Havana, 2011 

To spread family ashes in revolutionary Cuba was an easy decision; To take care of my mother when she first had developing vascular dementia in 2014 was not.

There has never been something that more people tried to prepare me for, and failed more absolutely, than being a full time caregiver to one of the most important people in my life. So, if you have never experienced a situation where someone close to you in your life developed dementia, you will be like I was and appreciate my words while not really understanding them.

The ways people try to prepare you are deep and immense. The darkness and stress of it. They try to impart the utter relentlessness of someone’s needs when they can’t fully take care of themselves. That’s the real destroyer of health for the caregiver: I literally begged my mother more than once to “not be nuts” for ten minutes so I could catch my breath.

Caregiver wisdom talks about the unpredictable nature of it all; How one minute you are talking to the same person you have known for so long, and the end of the same moment has them utterly forgetting who you are, or where they are physically.

You will be warned about their personality changing to seemingly another person (though I dispute that; I believe they become exactly who they would be like with dementia– “Oh, that’s how mom deals with dementia…” etc.), and how painful those changes are.

And, most impossibly? The warning to your psyché that no caregiver can really accept.

That no matter what you do, no matter which regimen you follow, how well you set up their environment, no matter how exceptional your ability to give care is?

They will keep getting worse, there is little you can do to even slow it down, and the quality of your care is about the here and now– with no guarantee in the future. The future is bleak, and a certainty.

That is, it was a bleak certainty until the Cuban Revolution got involved.

Now? We are potentially in an entirely different place.

Greeting at the José Marti International Airport, April 4, 2026

Cuba’s medical system is world renowned, beyond the amazing doctors who work in the most adverse conditions to bring basic health to people who have never been seen by a doctor in the decades of their lives.

The large Cuban research facility called Centro de Immunología Molecular (CIM) has been conducting research into drugs for treating dementia in general– and Alzheimer’s specifically, as well as Parkinson’s.

I heard about this, and wanted to know more. Among the people I have spoken with is Doctor Bill Blanchet, an internal medicine physician in private practice in Boulder, Colorado. Before we even got to speaking about the treatments for dementia, he started off by telling me about cancer vaccine treatments and even Covid vaccines. All from Cuba, all from this centre.

First he spoke about a patient of his, dying from cancer, who decided to try a ‘hail mary’ in an attempt to survive and had heard about Cuban cancer treatments.

They decided to go together; If it worked, the doctor needed to know about it, and if it didn’t the patient needed to have someone to be blunt with him about it. He explained to me what happened:

So we go to Cuba in 2017 [and] he gets started on a monoclonal antibody for lung cancer, and he has multiple metastases in his chest, multiple metastases [in his] abdomen. Nine months later, doing nothing else but adding this drug, all his cancer is gone. He has no detectable cancer by any means of detection. So at this point in time, I’m forced to conclude Cuba knows stuff.

It didn’t wear off, and his patient returned to a non-cancer life. Then Donald Trump was elected for the first time, and did away with the opening to Cuba of the Obama administration:

[His patient had] exercised, he worked full time, he ran the ‘BOLDERBoulder.’ He did fine. He did great for a year and a half, and then the US administration increased the embargo to Cuba. He lost access to the drug and his lung cancer comes back.

He gets three rounds of chemotherapy. Each one makes him sicker than the one before. And a year and a half later, he dies. So this drug worked really well for a year and a half, until it was taken away from him.

So that was how this Colorado based doctor ended up involved with Cuban medical research. But he continued, still not yet discussing the NeuralCIM medications and protocol for dementia.

Shortly after that, covid was a thing, and with covid, we couldn’t go to Cuba anymore, and I hear that Cuba is making their own covid vaccine. And it’s like, once again, still stuck in my egocentric world. I was like, oh God, why are they doing that? Why don’t they use one that works? Why don’t they use the one that we’re developing? Well, as it turns out, the Cuban covid vaccine is the world’s best covid vaccine.

I personally blinked more than a wee bit at him on the other end of my zoom call, as I have been a ‘mask-vaccine-listen to your doctor’ proponent on the question of Covid19 up until and including today in April of 2026. These ideas below are beyond startling, they seem impossible:

Cuba has not had a covid death in three years, United States had 40,000 covid deaths last year [2025]. I know of two people who died last year from covid. Covid is no longer a disease of clinic, of medical import in Cuban public health [any] longer. Covid is just not something to worry about, and they’re still working on the same vaccine they had initially, and it gives immunity that lasts in terms of years.

Screen capture of Dr Blanchet during May Zoom interview

The vaccine in [the United States] gives minimal immunity that lasts in terms of months. Cubans vaccine gives over 90% protection that lasts in terms of years. So the country of Cuba has herd immunity right now.

I should note that boosters have been provided to the elderly and similarly vulnerable populations as a measure of extra precaution.

I took my initial knowledge in about Covid19 in the exact same manner I am attempting to in terms of NeuralCIM for dementia: I’m no doctor, but does it improve the quality and duration of life for elders who are borderline and far too often deemed expendable? On that basis, this data about Covid vaccines is utterly amazing. So that was my set-up for being told about how to possibly reverse dementia.

Before I do, I just want to say as a caregiver in particular– and as someone living in a desperate age as well– those who peddle cures, answers to questions that really have no answers, fake ways to end terminal diseases, etc are the very worst. The idea of being even close to or sort of adjacent to such snake oil sales hurts me on the same level as Holocaust denial: It’s a dark, evil place to pretend these things, and worse: The goals that they attempt to enact are beyond the values of any legitimate sector of humanity. “Faith healers” and similar scum belong on the same historical lists of people as those who protect pedophilia. Exploitation of the desperate and the vulnerable is the very worst practice of humanity.

So what of NeuralCIM and the newer treatments of Alzheimer’s?

I was invited to go to a vaccine Congress in Cuba a couple of years ago, and I went and at that Congress, I was talking to people that I heard were working on a drug for Parkinson’s and dementia. I have a brother with Parkinson’s, and I was very interested in this. My mother had dementia, my father had dementia, two of my grandparents had dementia, and so I was very interested in what this drug would be, and so I kind of kept up with it. When I found out that the study was published, I was actually working with Cuba on another cancer study [….] I see that this ATHENEA trial is published, so I contact them and say, Can, can I meet with the people involved with the ATHENEA trial? Turns out to be the same people. CIM does a cancer therapy. CIM also did the neuralCIM. And so I go in there, and I go to the conference room with CIM, and 14 people walk in, half of them talking about the cancer. The other half give me a presentation on neuralCIM.

And basically as I’m learning this my jaw is dropping, because nothing could be this good. This is incredible. But I know these people. I’ve been working with these people for years. I know that they are credible. I know that what they’re telling me is real, and these numbers, this is going to be a world changing drug. This is amazing, [these are] world changing statistics. And so that got me interested.

This is the personal tale of what also got me interested. I had seen a short video from The Belly of the Beast, who are also releasing a full length documentary about the same (called “Teresita’s Dream”), and when I realized the scale of the discovery it almost blew my mind.

See, I believe that dementia is clearly a medical condition, but during my nearly 9 years as my mother’s primary care person, I realized that slowing down decline and maintaining mental capacity often has a lot more to do with providing the correct environment: One with love, familiarity, tasks and hobbies that are very much within the realm of the possible, locations that hold memories, and a lot more.

For me, the thing that slowed down my mother’s decline the most was using her piano almost nightly, and playing well. Similar to our beloved animals, establishing routine was key. Later on, what caused her decline to spiral was the lockdown of the pandemic, not being able to go outside, see others, or live anything like a normal life.

Having seen the most important person in my life go through those two markers of her years with dementia was more powerful to me than any study ever would or could be. When I imagine Donna being able to play the piano and again be the one who knew the name of the song? Who would then revert to a teacher and explain the history of the song, for example?

Sometimes the beauty of what was not is too strong to think on for very long, and it becomes depressing– but that’s a result of the work of most of a decade trying to provide space for exactly those types of moments. Just like in a research lab, a caregiver swears by trial and error.

home, circa 2018.

Figure 4: Donna playing piano at

In this current day and era, there is every reason to believe that the only thing denying hundreds of thousands of people in just the US alone– never mind the many millions globally—from this help towards long term recovery of their passions and their lives, are the cruel policies driven by The United States government, currently led by Donald Trump and his Secretary of State Marco Rubio.

So I also had a chance to speak directly with the producers of this nasal spray, at the Centro de Immunología Molecular [CIM]. First, the location is in Playa– a distance west of Vedado that required figuring out how to get to the location for the appointment. When I contacted solidarity organizations in Cuba, hopeful with my intentions to learn more about neuralCIM, I was immediately told that they would make all the arrangements, that I could have full access and more but that given the current American blockade of all oil to Cuba, I would need to find my own transportation to the site.

I managed to find a local electric 3 wheeled ride and driver, and the trip was more than affordable without gasoline (or shocks on wooden benches). Taking a little longer to wind through the streets of western Havana was not an issue, either.

When we arrived, I was shown around and introduced to about a dozen of their top researchers and was blown away by the presentation they made for me. I was first shown their history of ground breaking developments in fighting cancers, and then I was given a serious amount of information about NeuralCIM and how it has already begun transforming lives.

First, let me note that the presenters were nearly all women, from close to a dozen. This is of note for me specifically: It gave me deja vu from receiving important dental work from a large, almost exclusively female operated Cuban dental office when I was uninsured for a few hundred whereas Canada’s dental offices wanted many thousands.

Mentioning this to Cubanas, I have had it pointed out to myself that 80% of Cuba’s top scientists– in all fields of study, across the board– are women.

Essentially to my layman’s eyes, I learned about both the solid nature of CIM’s trial experiments and how they are better than standard, and that the results are enough to leave any medical researcher beyond hopeful. The numbers, given the rigors of their tests, are demands for further exploration.

In the next part, I’ll go through what lead presenter and specialist (among many) in the development of new drugs, Dr Belinda Sanchez was able to elucidate for me (along with several of her colleagues) at the CIM building itself.

Macdonald Stainsby is a writer on social justice, a caregiver and professional hitchhiker looking for a ride to a better world.

Wednesday, February 04, 2026

 

You Don’t Miss What Doesn’t Exist


“Anthropause” is an amazing word and the latest book about it is an eye-opener. Stan Cox’s Anthropause: The Beauty of Degrowth (2026, Seven Stories Press), does what far too few degrowth books do – it first focuses readers’ attention to the positive experiences we could enjoy in a society less dedicated to producing unnecessary stuff. It then details the destructiveness of overproduction.

As the inside jacket describes,

In the spring of 2020, people worldwide found themselves confined to their homes due to pandemic lockdown orders. Global carbon emissions suddenly plunged 8.8%, bodies of water became noticeably clearer, and animal life returned to the spaces that humans deserted. Scientists deemed this phenomenon as “anthropause,” as nature flourished in response to the decrease in human activity. For a moment, the world witnessed the beauty of degrowth.

Of course, this was not without immense human suffering, exacerbated by vaccination denial and insufficient treatment. It was nothing like John Bellamy Foster’s “planned degrowth,” which is based on designing how to minimize harmful effects of reducing unnecessary and harmful production.

Origins and Futures

Cox familiarizes readers with classic concepts of degrowth, including Herman Daly’s steady state economy, André Gorz’ décroissance (reducing material production), and George Kallis’ analysis of “throughput.” His ideas go far as he stands on the shoulders of recent works such as Jason Hickel’s Less Is More (2020) and Kōhei Seitō’s Slow Down (English edition, 2024).

Anthropause demystifies the term “degrowth” by explaining it in ways the average reader can understand. Cox makes it clear that the difficulty is not really understanding what degrowth would be, but rather the controversy it would arouse and the enormous political barriers that such an unprecedented alteration in human behavior would face.

The book covers two changes that could well become classic examples of positive outcomes of degrowth that people would experience in their daily lives. The first is auditory. Imagine a world without noisy electrical gadgets like leaf blowers and lawn movers. It would be a world where people could actually hear sounds that were prevalent only a few decades ago: insects, bird songs and children playing. Another Covid19 event happened when people in San Francisco could hear more vocalizations of the white-crowned sparrow as traffic noise dropped.

The other everyday (or everynight) experience that could be reborn is actually seeing the stars that ancient cultures found essential to civilization throughout their existence. Eliminating the blinding light of businesses and drastically reducing street and car lights will re-grow the human skill of navigating in darkness.

The need to do both of these is more than aesthetic pleasure. Deafening noise and noxious lights unnecessarily use energy, the major source of environmental crises, whether fossil fuels or “alternative.” Excess noise damages health in a variety of ways. Over-lighting contributes to the perilous insect die-off and disrupts many animal behaviors. It is most serious for bats who have an unpaid job of improving human health by devouring mosquitoes.

Land and Farms

One of the strongest parts of Anthropause grows out of the author’s 25 years at the Land Institute in Salina, Kansas. He explains that by changing farming and reducing land usage we could have food that tastes better, is more nutritious, and contains fewer toxic chemicals. We would be healthier, have fewer diseases and enjoy more natural spaces in which to spend time.

Native Americans would have large amounts of land returned, allowing them to nurture and care for it as their ancestors did for millennia. As consumption of meat decreases there will be fewer meatpacking workers averaging two work-related amputations per week.

Cox traces the current terrible state of US food production to annual crop mono-cultures, soil tillage and factory “farming” (CAFOs, concentrated animal-feeding operations). Strongly connected is the fact that 90% of US farmland is devoted to four crops: corn, soybean, cotton and wheat. Of these, only wheat is used mainly for human food.

Changes called for would include an end to CAFOs, encouraging small farms with multiple crops, and a huge decrease in land used to grow animal feed. Degradation of farmland has been a long time coming and degrowing it to a more rational status will not occur overnight and will not happen without massive opposition from Big Ag.

But there would be a drawback from degrown farming – most would not have fresh strawberries and tomatoes in winter. Degrowth would require overcoming the belief that those in the rich world should have instant gratification of every whim, regardless of consequences.

Yes, the Military Must Be Degrown

Another area where Anthropause shines is the way it takes on militarism. It is disappointing that only a few degrowth articles devote a full analysis to the plague of militarism, if they address it at all. [For a noteworthy exception see Burton and Lin (2023).] Perhaps the most significant benefit from degrowing the nuclear behemoth is that people would have less reason to worry about the extinction of humanity and millions of other species. The threat includes greenhouse gas release by military production and employment.

An immediate quality of life improvement would be reduction of deaths by bombs, starvation and disease. Even more lives are shortened by toxins that war production spreads across the globe.

Degrowth of militarism would benefit those living near US bases and the 800 US bases across the globe. They would worry less about being “kicked off their land,” being poisoned by ubiquitous toxins, and enduring high crime rates, especially for rape.

As with land usage and most other aspects of degrowing, there would be bumps on the road. The first would be finding jobs for the 3 million people who work directly in military employment, plus those working in support industries. Also, “zombie pollution” will long remain in areas where military bases are shut down.

Concerns

Despite its great contributions, I do have a few concerns with the book. First, I was surprised when reading a couple of approving references to “renewable energy.” No energy is renewable. By now it is almost trite to repeat “Even though the sun may shine, the rivers may flow, and the wind may blow, the minerals to transform what they collect into usable energy is finite and exhaustible.” Wars for alternative energy can be as deadly as those for fossil fuels.

A book only mentioned in the index is Ernest Callenbach’s Ecotopia (1975). It is a 1960-70s era fantasy of what an ecological society might look like, including new social norms, interpersonal relationships, politics, military and spies inside of it. Ecotopia weaves complex themes together in ways that authors since have not accomplished.

Third, the book’s brief review of air conditioning should inspire readers to see Cox’s more extensive analysis in Losing Our Cool (2010) Missing in Anthropause were suggestions for reducing air conditioning. Since a major complaint about it is over-air conditioned buildings, legal routes for degrowth jump out at us: Pass laws limiting temperature lows in schools, public buildings and businesses.

Last, Anthropause has a very good discussion of the very bad realities of private cars. Yet, it seemed that the goal to “reduce” aimed too short. Why not aim to make them as extinct as CAFOs? The book makes a good case that we could live better without cars. There would not have been 7,388 pedestrians killed by cars in 2021. The ongoing switch to SUVs only increases dangers. In addition to CO2 emissions, particulate matter which spews to roadsides is even worse with heavier E-cars. The need for multiple parking spaces per car results in more and more impervious surfaces, which increases flooding.

However, abolishing private cars does not mean getting rid of all cars. I fondly remember reserving a car when I worked at St. Louis State Hospital for 25 years. I just called the car pool guy and found a time one would be available. I did not have to worry about maintenance or license plates because the hospital department took care of it. A degrown world would be able to manage individual transportation needs with walkable communities that relied on some combination of walking, cycling, horseback riding, carriages, motorcycles, and golf carts (for those with disabilities).

New Thoughts

The contributions of Anthropause are mind-bending. It should be on the bookshelf of all of the growing number of degrowth enthusiasts. To repeat, its most significant feature is its focus on how people could enjoy degrowth. Like other recent authors, Cox points out that capitalism requires growth, making it incompatible with human and environmental needs. Similarly, he notes that degrowth inspires people to struggle against racism and colonialism. Capitalist growth is based on creating a poor world for the rich world to exploit and that poor world is populated mainly by people of color, especially those in Africa, Asia and Latin America.

Cox explains that some define “degrowth as decline.” Environmentalists with this approach emphasize the need to remove negative things, processes and attitudes that permeate US life. Though he covers this thoroughly, he actually prefers the definition of “growth at emancipation.” This perspective aims to liberate humanity from social ills that result in sickness, detachment from nature, and loss of habitat by “living within ecological limits.” People can actually be happier hearing natural sounds, seeing stars at night, eating food that tastes like food, enjoying natural spaces and being freed from military agony.

This points in a direction that could make degrowth at least somewhat attractive to the general public. Since dislike of advertisement seems to be close to universal, that might be a good plank for degrowth platforms. Cox’s book on Losing our Cool observes that people dislike over-air-conditioned buildings. There could be wide support for regulations putting limits on how much temperatures can be lowered in schools, public buildings and businesses. This could well accustom people to reducing air conditioning at home and perhaps inspire them to enjoy the outdoors in summer.

Let’s take this a step further. People will give up what they have not experienced much faster than they will abandon what they have become attached to. There was widespread dislike of automobiles until people were forced to buy them by destruction of street cars. In early 2026, there is large-scale rejection of data centers, a big source of CO2 emissions and land destruction.

This manifests Kōhei Saitō’s phrase “Slow down.” A next step for degrowth could be halting the constant introduction of new gadgets that rarely improve anyone’s life. After all, Ya don’t crave what ain’t nowhere.

Don Fitz (fitzdon@aol.com) writes for and is on the Editorial Board of Green Social Thought where this article first appeared. He has been the St. Louis Green Party candidate for County Assessor and candidate of the Missouri Green Party for State Auditor and Governor. He is author of Cuban Health Care: The Ongoing Revolution (2020). Read other articles by Don.