Ancient Sites Contaminated by Microplastics, Study Finds


The highest level of microplastic contamination found in the study was 20,588 microplastic particles per kilogram of sediment, discovered in an archived sample from the lowest depth (about 7.35 meters) at one of the archaeological sites. This surprising concentration of microplastics deep within ancient layers highlights the extent of modern pollution's reach into our historical record.

by Kaleigh Harrison | Jul 29, 2024

A recent study in York, UK, has revealed a surprising discovery: microplastics (MPs) are contaminating both contemporary and archived archaeological sediment samples, some dating back to the late 1980s. Researchers found various types of MP polymers, including those used in food packaging and automotive parts, in significant quantities within these samples.

This unexpected presence of tiny plastic particles in historical dirt layers is raising concerns among archaeologists and heritage managers. The contamination could potentially compromise the long-term preservation of archaeological deposits and impact future research capabilities.
Challenging Current Preservation Practices

The discovery of MPs in archaeological sediments is forcing experts to reconsider current preservation strategies. In the UK, there’s a preference for preserving heritage assets in situ – leaving them undisturbed in the ground for future generations to study. However, the presence of microplastics may be putting this approach at risk.

Microplastics can persist in soil for long periods, potentially altering soil structure and affecting microbial communities. This contamination could harm delicate organic materials and interfere with dating techniques or chemical analyses. As a result, the argument for keeping archaeological deposits untouched is being called into question.
Balancing Preservation and Progress

This new plastic threat creates a complex challenge for heritage professionals and urban planners. While preserving archaeological sites in place has allowed for sustainable development alongside heritage conservation, the risk of microplastic contamination introduces new concerns.

Moving forward, decision-makers will need to weigh the potential risks of MP contamination against the benefits of in situ preservation. This may lead to changes in how we approach site preservation and urban development, potentially favoring more extensive excavation and documentation before development occurs.

As we grapple with this unexpected intersection of modern pollution and ancient history, finding the right balance between preserving our past and building our future has become more crucial – and more complicated – than ever.