PAKISTAN

Breakdown of democracy

Usama Khilji 

Published June 17, 2023 

PAKISTAN is experiencing a complete breakdown of democracy with a powerless civilian set-up at the centre, caretaker governments in Punjab and KP serving beyond their constitutional mandate, a divided judiciary that is being openly defied, and an increasingly censored media; all resulting in a helpless populace; especially those sections that held hopes for rule of law in the country.

To put matters in perspective, we only have to look back six years; a megaproject of political engineering took place whereby the political party in government at that time, which enjoyed popularity, was targeted through various tactics. These included a trumped-up corruption narrative which led to the disqualification of the prime minister of the time, with a new one stepping in for the remaining tenure of the government which was around a year. For the 2018 elections, Nawaz Sharif was unable to campaign; constituency demarcations were changed; the media was barred from covering his speeches; and various leaders of the PML-N continued to be incarcerated after the elections through which the PTI government came to power.

At this point, the PTI government was pushing the dated one-dimensional targeted narrative of corruption against the PPP and PML-N leadership which meant selective cases being pushed forward essentially as a means of political engineering. Anybody criticising this selective justice was hounded and silenced, while media that was critical of the regime was silenced and censored. The PTI flaunted being on the same page as the establishment, and social media was abuzz with joint campaigns aimed at silencing any criticism.

However, things changed with the run-up to the vote of no-confidence against the then prime minister Imran Khan in 2022, which was enabled by breaking the PTI-led coalition when smaller parties that were newly propped up prior to the 2018 election broke away from the coalition, and along with ‘dissidents’ in the PTI voted against Imran Khan, enabling the Pakistan Democratic Movement coalition, comprising the PML-N, PPP and 11 other parties to gain power amidst a faltering economy that had caused Khan’s popularity as PM to dip. Lo and behold! There emerged an opportunity for the PTI to cry that a foreign conspiracy with the help of local abettors had led to their government being sent packing.

Will politicians ever speak the truth again if power is snatched away from them after being given to them?

Again, the prime minister was changed roughly a year before elections were due with outgoing PM Imran Khan now facing trumped-up corruption charges in various cases, with the PDM government of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif leading a similar persecution drive against the PTI leadership that the PML-N and PPP leadership had endured when the PTI had gained power in 2018. Except this time, the persecution culminated in a new level of pressure as seen in the press conferences denouncing the protests that erupted on the day Imran Khan was arrested in violation of court orders from Islamabad High Court by paramilitary forces. Some leaders were arrested up to five times in 10 days like Dr Shireen Mazari who was let go only after quitting the PTI and politics. ‘Press conference’ became the new buzzword after ‘Vigos’ and ‘Northern Areas’.

The state of workers of PTI is dismal where they are being arrested by the thousands for mere social media posts; they have limited legal help or access to their families. This is similar to what happened to around five bloggers who were disappeared in 2017 and investigated for their political activity on social media, except at that time it was investigation for links with the PML-N. A clear violation of Article 10 of the Constitution that guarantees right to due process and fair trial is taking place, especially as the role of civilian courts is being undermined. This was obvious when a judge of the IHC said to a PTI leader that “they will not let you go until you hold a press conference” after bails granted by the court were defied by law-enforcement personnel.

The mysterious killing of journalist Arshad Sharif, and the prolonged disappearance from police custody of Imran Riaz Khan who till date remains missing adds to the violation of constitutional rights. The optics of arresting and mistreating women political workers also serves to discourage women from political participation. Mainstream media is still censored, this time with Imran Khan’s coverage being out of bounds. A climate of fear hovers over those in the media industry, with jobs and lives on the line as was seen during the PTI’s regime as well if anybody dared to raise critical questions. Self-censorship has become routine as the chilling effect of unwritten pressure affects press freedom and the right to information.

The Charter of Democracy signed by Nawaz Sharif and the late Benazir Bhutto seems to have been long forgotten. In order to beat the fascist tendencies of former PM Imran Khan when he was in power, more fascist tactics are being employed while the PPP and PML-N share power in the current dispensation. After all, what explains them giving up on civilian supremacy? Is it revenge for how they were treated when the PTI was in government? Is it fear of a repeat of what they endured when not in power if they speak up again now? Do they expect their silence to buy them power in the next term of government, whenever that may be? Will politicians ever speak the truth again if power is snatched away from them after being given to them?

And does anybody remember the role of parliament where people send their representatives through votes? Or are resignations in protest of losing power, and enjoying the lack of opposition the new status quo? Will leaders from all provinces unite after realising that what has been happening in Balochistan and KP has finally become ‘mainstream’? And with the current process of further engineering, do elections even matter anymore when decisions of who gets to be in what political party, contest elections, and get media coverage do not rest with the stakeholders involved in these processes? Will Pakistan ever be truly democratic?

The writer is director of Bolo Bhi, an advocacy forum for digital rights.
Twitter: @UsamaKhilji

Published in Dawn, June 17th, 2023

Two more journalists face sedition charges

Munawer Azeem Published June 15, 2023 


This combo photo shows anchorpersons Sabir Shakir (left) and Moeed Pirzada. — Photos: Facebook/Twitter

ISLAMABAD: Islamabad police on Wednesday booked two more anchorpersons — Sabir Shakir and Moeed Pirzada — alongside another individual on charges of sedition and terrorism for their alleged involvement in the violence that engulfed the country on May 9.

The case was registered at the Aabpara police station more than a month after the violence at a complaint lodged by a citizen and includes sections 102, 121, 121-A, and 131 of the Pakistan Penal Code along with sections of anti-terrorism laws were added to the FIR.

The FIR claimed that on May 9, the complainant was present at Melody Chowk where an angry mob vandalised property, taking instructions from Sabir Shakir, Moeed Hassan Pirzada and Syed Akbar Hussain via video messages.

The complainant claimed that the persons named in the FIR incited people to commit violence and incited them to attack the installations of the armed forces, spread terrorism, provoke mutiny and create chaos in the country.

RSF terms mutiny allegations against journalists ‘absurd’; US calls on Islamabad to respect democratic principles

The case followed a similar FIR registered earlier this week wherein the police booked journalists Shaheen Sehbai and Wajahat Saeed Khan, as well as army officer-turned-Youtuber Adil Raja and anchorperson Syed Haider Raza Mehdi for “abetting mutiny” and inciting people to attack military installations across the country.

‘Possible death sentence on mutiny claims’

Separately, global media watchdog Reporters Without Borders (RSF) urged Pakistan to immediately dismiss the “ludicrous mutiny accusations in a complaint with no credibility” that an individual has brought against two journalists in the federal capital.

Although manifestly absurd, the charges could carry the death penalty, it said, adding that the two journalists accused of “abetting mutiny” in a complaint filed with the Islamabad police on 12 June are Wajahat Saeed Khan, a freelancer based in the US, and Shaheen Sehbai, a former newspaper editor.

“The statements made by the two former army officers on social media video channels may breach regulations governing military secrecy. But the two journalists have just practiced journalism,” the report said, adding that to “arbitrarily associates” the names of journalists with those of “rebel ex-army officers” meant to intimidate the journalists into silence.

The statement also mentioned the case of Imran Riaz Khan, a TV news anchor and political commentator who has been missing for more than a month.

‘Respect democratic principles’

Meanwhile, the US also urged Pakistan to respect democratic principles and the rule of law, noting that civilians arrested for May 9 protests in Pakistan will face military trials. “We are aware of the reports concerning civilians who will face military trials for their suspected involvement in the May 9th protest,” US State Department Spokesperson Mathew Miller told reporters in Washington on Tuesday.

“We continue, as we have in the past, to urge Pakistani authorities to respect democratic principles and the rule of law for all people as enshrined in the country’s constitution.”

Mr Miller said that the United States regularly discusses human rights, democracy, safety, the protection of journalists and respect for the rule of law with Pakistani officials at the highest levels. “That remains a priority for the United States,” he added.

Anwar Iqbal in Washington also contributed to this report

Published in Dawn, June 15th, 2023