Tuesday, September 29, 2026

 

Sage launches Disinformation: An Interdisciplinary Journal




SAGE






Sage announces the launch of Disinformation: An Interdisciplinary Journal, a new peer-reviewed, open access journal examining how disinformation is produced, circulated, and understood across societies and cultures.

Launching in January 2027 and now accepting submissions, the journal welcomes contributions exploring disinformation in contexts including politics and elections, war and conflict, science, health, climate change, and the environment. Alongside theoretical, empirical, and methodological research, Disinformation will feature an Interventions and Commentary section, creating a forum for timely dialogue between researchers and practitioners working to understand and address disinformation.

An editorial collective will lead the journal, with a different member serving as managing editor each year. Together, the collective brings global expertise spanning digital media, communication, climate communication, political communication, rhetoric, and disinformation studies.

“We’re excited to launch Disinformation: An Interdisciplinary Journal at a moment when disinformation is more rife than ever, and when the term itself is hotly contested,” said the Editors. “The journal will be a forum both for studying how disinformation spreads, and for critically interrogating what gets labelled as disinformation, and why.”

"Disinformation is a pressing challenge for societies around the world, and understanding it requires perspectives from across disciplines and cultures," said Rachel Hunter, Vice President, Journals Editorial at Sage. "The launch of Disinformation: An Interdisciplinary Journal is timely as the need for rigorous research and debate in this area is more important than ever. Through international and interdisciplinary collaboration, this journal will help deepen understanding of disinformation, its impact and how societies respond to it."

The journal encourages international perspectives and contributions by researchers from the Global South. Its editorial collective comprises Niki Cheong, King's College London, UK; Gabi Mocatta, University of Tasmania, Australia; Raquel Recuero, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Brazil; Felipe Bonow Soares, University of the Arts London, UK; and Robert Topinka, Birkbeck, University of London, UK.

Disinformation will be published through Sage Community Open Access, an initiative that enables selected journals to publish with no fees for authors and no barriers for readers - one of several flexible publishing options Sage offers to support sustainable and accessible research.

More information about Disinformation: An Interdisciplinary Journal, including submission guidelines, is available on the journal page.

###

Sage is a global academic publisher of books, journals, and library resources with a growing range of technologies to enable discovery, access, and engagement. Believing that research and education are critical in shaping society, 24-year-old Sara Miller McCune founded Sage in 1965. Today, we are controlled by a group of trustees charged with maintaining our independence and mission indefinitely.  

Our guaranteed independence means we’re free to: 

  • Do more – supporting an equitable academic future, furthering disciplines that drive social change, and helping social and behavioral science make an impact 
  • Work together – building lasting relationships, championing diverse perspectives, and co-creating resources to transform teaching and learning 
  • Think long-term – experimenting, taking risks, and investing in new ideas.


DFG to fund nine new research units





Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft





The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) is establishing nine new Research Units. This was decided by the DFG Joint Committee on the recommendation of the Senate. The new Research Units will receive total funding of approximately €40 million, including a 22-percent programme allowance for indirect project costs. In addition to these nine newly created Research Units, the decision was made to extend six Research Units and one Centre for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences for an additional funding period. One of the newly approved Research Units is being funded jointly with the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under the D-A-CH cooperation. 

 

Research Units enable researchers to pursue current and pressing issues in their areas of research and take innovative directions in their work. They are funded for up to eight years. In total, the DFG is currently funding 191 Research Units, seven Clinical Research Units and 15 Centres for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Clinical Research Units are also characterised by the close connection between research and clinical work, while Centres for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences are specifically tailored to forms of work in the humanities and social sciences.

 

The new research networks in detail
(in alphabetical order of the spokespersons’ higher education institutions)

Swamps, peatlands and marshes: wetlands were long regarded as sinister, difficult-to-control spaces that needed to be cultivated. Today, we know that these boundary and transition zones perform vital functions: wetlands sequester carbon dioxide and protect coastlines, as well as filtering and purifying water. Working within the environmental humanities, the Research Unit Thinking with wetlands. Histories from the quaking zone 1630-1997 takes a fresh look at the ambivalent experiences and often contested visions and terminology that have shaped the relationship between people and wetlands. Its overall aim is to shed light on how people in Central and Western Europe lived and thought with swamps, regarded them as a source of philosophical inspiration – and began campaigning for their protection at an early stage. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Simone Müller, University of Augsburg)

 

The Research Unit examines Media Practices of Contradicting in Networked Publics as a relational, dynamic form of communication in which people who have previously been disadvantaged socially, economically or culturally raise their voices in a democratic context against a form of dominance they perceive to be hegemonic. In addition to discursive practices of dissent in which media convey particular content, the unit will focus on the digital conditions that have significantly changed such practices, including social media, for example. It will also examine in greater detail material and creative practices in which media themselves – as organisations, infrastructures and technologies – become the object of dissent. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Margreth Lünenborg, FU Berlin)

 

Information is transmitted through the nervous system in different ways. In addition to conventional, highly targeted communication between nerve cells at synapses, messenger substances can also exert effects beyond the boundaries of individual synapses. Recent research is revealing in ever greater detail the diversity and dynamic nature of the interplay between these different signalling pathways. This is the focus of the Research Unit Inside and outside the synapse: Challenging dogmas of synaptic signalling and neuromodulation. It seeks to develop a deeper understanding of neuronal communication pathways and determine how adaptable they are. The unit will investigate how nervous tissue filters and translates information and converts it into activity. The aim is to review established ideas about synaptic transmission and broaden our understanding of information processing in the brain. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Christian Henneberger, University of Bonn)

 

The German Climate Change Act has set the ambitious goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to such an extent that Germany will be completely climate-neutral by 2045. Achieving this requires a clear, legally binding roadmap setting out the fundamental changes that must be made to the economy and society. At the same time, the question of how legislation can bring about this transformation is itself changing the legal system. This is the central premise of the Research Unit Transformative climate law: space – time – society. It will examine the economic, environmental and social changes involved in the transition to climate neutrality in the dimensions that are crucial to this process, thereby identifying the new framework required for effective, future-oriented and therefore sustainable climate law. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Claudio Franzius, University of Bremen)

 

Humans are the only known species to process food using heat. Heat-treated foods are easier to digest, but they also cause metabolic and physiological changes, for example due to altered lipid compounds in dietary fats. To date, little is known about the bioactivity of these compounds. The Research Unit Heat-treated dietary lipids (HTDL): chemistry, physiology, evolutionary impact will investigate whether HTDL leads to changes in lipidomes – the complete set of lipids – and in the membrane and biophysical properties of cells, neurometabolic processes, metabolic signalling pathways and reproductive processes, and whether these changes can alter the evolution of organisms that consume HTDL. The Research Unit is funded under the D-A-CH cooperation with the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Klaus Reinhardt, Dresden University of Technology)

 

In component design, iron-based shape-memory alloys offer potential new applications compared with established materials such as nickel-titanium alloys. To date, however, the various shape-memory effects have largely been considered and used separately. There is also no suitable alloy design that would allow such combined effects to be used systematically in applications. The Research Unit Combined effects in Fe-based shape memory alloys – Model-driven alloy design taking into account process-microstructure-property relationships aims to investigate these combined effects in depth, use model-driven alloy design to develop high-performance iron-based shape-memory alloys in a targeted manner, and gain a fundamental understanding of the relevant mechanisms. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr.-Ing. Thomas Niendorf, University of Kassel)

 

The Research Unit Beyond Crazy: Integrating Benefits into the Analysis of Conspiracy Beliefs asks what potential functions and benefits conspiracy beliefs may offer their adherents from the perspectives of communication, psychology and society. By investigating this systematically, the unit aims to gain a better understanding of the popularity and appeal of conspiracy theories. In doing so, it goes beyond previous research, which has focused almost exclusively on their negative consequences. This different perspective is to contribute to a more nuanced theoretical understanding of conspiracy beliefs and advance the methodological development of the field. The focus is on interdisciplinary approaches drawn from psychology and communication studies. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Roland Imhoff, University of Mainz)

 

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an autoimmune skin disease that manifests in various forms and can sometimes cause severe scarring. The permanent, visible skin damage and hair loss often associated with CLE can severely affect the day-to-day quality of life of those concerned. Despite its clinical relevance, no therapies have been approved for CLE other than treatment with glucocorticosteroids – commonly known as cortisone. At the same time, understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms remains incomplete at best, and the observable subtypes have not been adequately defined. The Research Unit Decipher the immunopathology of cutaneous lupus aims to address these issues and lay the foundations for new therapeutic approaches in the future. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Claudia Günther, University of Tübingen)

 

A problematic term coined during Donald Trump’s first presidency, “alternative facts” pose a serious threat to contemporary societies. The phenomenon itself is much older, however, and can be traced far back into the past. The Research Unit ‘Alternative Facts’ in the Sixteenth Century places the phenomenon in its historical context by focusing on the early modern period – an era that had a significant influence on Europe’s understanding of itself – and the transformation of the media that occurred at the time. It defines its key concept as a linguistic practice that challenges accepted standards of knowledge and deliberately seeks to undermine them through competing claims—for example in rhetoric, religion or politics—in order to obstruct dialogue, disrupt discourse, create uncertainty or stage particular narratives. (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Regina Toepfer, University of Würzburg)

 

 

The research networks extended for a second funding period (in alphabetical order of the spokespersons’ higher education institutions and with references to the project descriptions in the DFG’s online database GEPRIS):

 

Research Unit Model-based determination of nonlinear properties of piezoceramics for high-power ultrasound applications II (NEPTUN) (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Andrea Walther, HU Berlin)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/444955436/2

 

Research Unit Bioinspired Oxidation Catalysis with Iron Complexes (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Thorsten Glaser, University of Bielefeld)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/445916766/2

 

Research Unit Functional surfaces through adiabatic high-speed processes: Microstructure, mechanisms and model development – FUNDAM³ENT (Spokesperson: Professor Dr.-Ing. Thomas Lampke, Chemnitz University of Technology)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/460484491/3

 

Research Unit Practices for referring to persons: usage-based approaches to personal, indefinite and demonstrative pronouns (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Wolfgang Imo, University of Hamburg)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/457855466/2

 

Centre for Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences Universalism and Particularism in European Contemporary History (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Kiran Patel, LMU Munich)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/449772505/2

 

 

Research Unit iMAGO – Personalized diagnostics for the treatment of obesity (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Martin Klingenspor, TU Munich)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/455422993/2

 

Research Unit Learning to Sense (Spokesperson: Professor Dr. Michael Möller, University of Siegen)

https://gepris.dfg.de/project/459284860/2

 

Further Information

 

Media contact:

DFG Press and Public Relations, Tel. +49 228 885-2109, presse@dfg.de

 

Further information is also available from the network spokespersons.

 

Contact at the DFG Head Office:

Patrizia Micalizzi, Quality and Programme Management, Tel. +49 228 885-2301, patrizia.micalizzi@dfg.de

 

Links to DFG Research Units:

www.dfg.de/for/en

www.dfg.de/kfo/en

www.dfg.de/advanced_studies_centre


“Public reputation” or “Personal experience”?



How people evaluate others when reputation and personal experience conflict




Rissho University

“Public Reputation” or “Personal Experience”

image: 

This image was created using generative AI.

view more 

Credit: Credit: Hitoshi Yamamoto at Rissho university






A research team led by Professor Hitoshi Yamamoto of Rissho University experimentally examined how people evaluate others when the public reputation of the person involved in an interaction conflicts with their own personal experience with that person. The study was published in the international journal Evolution and Human Behavior on September 14, 2026.

In human societies, people often rely on reputation when deciding whom to help or cooperate with. This reputation-based mechanism for supporting cooperation is known as indirect reciprocity. The present study examined how people’s judgments change when reputational information is combined with their own direct experience.

The researchers conducted two scenario-based experiments with participants in Japan, using situations involving coworkers at a restaurant and neighbors in a community. Participants were shown a situation in which one person either cooperated with or refused a request from another person. The researchers varied both the reputation of the person making the request and whether that person had previously cooperated with or refused to cooperate with the participant, and then examined how participants evaluated the person who responded to the request.

The results showed that when someone refused to cooperate with another person, evaluations of that refusal varied depending on the participant’s prior experience with the person who refused. For example, even when that person had a bad public reputation, refusal was evaluated more negatively if the person had previously helped the participant. Conversely, even when the person had a good reputation, refusal was evaluated more positively if that person had previously refused to help the participant. In other words, when reputation and personal experience conflicted, personal experience was strongly reflected in evaluations of non-cooperation.

By contrast, cooperative behavior was generally evaluated positively regardless of the other person’s reputation or the participant’s own experience with them. This suggests that people do not evaluate cooperation and non-cooperation in the same way: when judging non-cooperation in particular, they place greater weight on how the person on the receiving end had previously treated them.

The study also found that even when the person being refused had a bad reputation and had previously refused to cooperate with the participant—a situation in which there appeared to be good reason not to cooperate—the refusal itself was evaluated neutrally rather than positively. This suggests that even when there is a reason to refuse cooperation, people do not necessarily regard such behavior as positively “good.”

Previous research on indirect reciprocity, in which people use reputation to decide whom to cooperate with, has focused mainly on socially shared reputational information. In everyday relationships, however, public reputation and personal experience do not always match: someone may be well regarded by others but have treated us poorly, or may have a bad reputation despite having helped us personally. This study shows how people combine these two sources of information when evaluating others.

 

Professor Yamamoto commented:

“In everyday life, we judge others by combining many different kinds of information, including what we hear about them from others and what we have experienced ourselves. Our study provides one clue to understanding how people make judgments when these sources of information do not agree. In future research, we would like to examine how people use reputational information in environments where direct personal experience is limited, such as online rating systems and AI-mediated judgments.”

Read more:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2026.106980
Yamamoto, H., Suzuki, T., & Okada, I. (2026). Direct experience overrides reputation in evaluations of defection in indirect reciprocity. Evolution and Human Behavior, 47(6), 106980.

 

A light-powered filter for longer-lasting air purifiers and face masks






Cell Press






Scientists have developed an air purifier that is charged by sunlight and indoor LED lights, potentially offering an inexpensive, lower-maintenance alternative to standard filtration systems that protect users from pollutants and airborne diseases. The study, publishing September 25 in the Cell Press journal Chem, demonstrates that the air filter maintained 99% of its maximum filtration efficiency after a month of use and 95% for the following 2 months. In the future, the filter could be used in reusable versions of the N95 masks worn throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. 

“The light-charged system offers a sustainable and customizable approach for particle capture, effectively overcoming the challenges of poor filtration stability and clogging commonly observed in conventional filters,” says author Jihong Yu of Jilin University in Changchun, China. 

Most commercial air filters use a high-voltage electrical field called “corona discharge” to imbue airborne particles with static electric charges, which they then use to pull the particles from the air to purify an indoor environment. However, these systems require external power sources, limiting their applications. While some alternatives exist that don’t require wall plugs, such as triboelectric filters that capture fine dust, pollen, and bacteria, these have their own limitations, such as the need for synthetic materials and the fact that their charge degrades over time. 

To overcome these issues, Yu and colleagues took a different approach to air filtration, developing a light-charged system by outfitting a polypropylene membrane with a coating that responds to light and heat, generating continuous on-site surface charge. To test the device, the researchers exposed it to sodium chloride and soot particles measuring about 0.3 micrometers in size at humidities spanning 20% to 90%. 

The device “demonstrates broad applicability in areas such as indoor air protection, dust removal, health and hygiene, and biological apparatus,” says Yu, noting that it could be incorporated into face masks similar to N95 masks. 

When the device becomes saturated with particles captured from the air, it can be flushed with water. Then, its surface electrostatic field is restored through light activation. The team found that even low-energy light sources such as indoor LEDs or overcast sunlight could generate enough power to sufficiently charge it for N95- and N99-level filtration efficiency. This simple process allows the filter to be reused through hundreds of filtration cycles with virtually no maintenance, say the authors. 

The study demonstrates the device’s potential for real-world applications, say the authors, who have developed prototypes for facemasks, outdoor screens, and biological apparatuses that use the filter. However, Yu notes that the filter’s self-cleaning process could be further improved, and more research will be needed to assess how easily the filtration system can be mass produced and integrated with other products. 

“Promoting the light-charged air filtration system for real-world use is one of our future plans,” Yu says. “Meanwhile, we would like to focus on proposing air purification pathways under extreme environments.” 

### 

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, the Fundamental and Interdisciplinary Disciplines Breakthrough Plan of the Ministry of Education of China, the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the 111 Center, the National Key Research and Development Program of Jilin Province, the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, and the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF. 

Chem, Wang et al., “Sustainable air purification via light-charged filters” https://www.cell.com/chem/fulltext/S2451-9294(26)00327-X

Chem (@Chem_CP) is the first physical science journal published by Cell Press. A sister journal to Cell, Chem, which is published monthly, provides a home for seminal and insightful research and showcases how fundamental studies in chemistry and its sub-disciplines may help in finding potential solutions to the global challenges of tomorrow. Visit https://www.cell.com/chem. To receive Cell Press media alerts, contact press@cell.com.  

 

Higher pollution levels linked to slower marathon times across six world marathon majors



A study of more than 2.7 million marathon performances has found that higher levels of air pollution on race day were associated with significantly slower finishing times, with recreational runners affected more than elite athletes.



University of Leicester





A study of more than 2.7 million marathon performances has found that higher levels of air pollution on race day were associated with significantly slower finishing times, with recreational runners affected more than elite athletes.

The group of researchers at the University of Leicester, funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) Leicester, analysed 2,756,553 net finishing times from six World Marathon Majors (Berlin, Boston, Chicago, London, New York City, and Tokyo) held between 2010 and 2024.

The research was led by Dr James Donaldson and involved several investigators from the University of Leicester, including Professor Andre Ng, Dr Samuel Cai, and Professor Anna Hansell and was published in Sports Medicine Open in September 2026.

Dr James Donaldson, Postdoctoral Researcher in Health and the Environment at the University of Leicester, said: "Nitrogen dioxide is a pollutant mainly produced by road traffic and combustion processes, while fine particulate matter consists of tiny airborne particles that can be generated by vehicle emissions, industry, heating and other sources. Both pollutants have been linked to adverse health effects, particularly on the heart and lungs.

“From our analysis of more than two million marathon runners we observed that levels of nitrogen dioxide were strongly associated with their finishing time. Each microgram per cubic metre (1 µg/m3) increase in nitrogen dioxide was associated with a 1.43 minute slower finishing time in men and 1.56 minute slower finish time in women.”

They also found that the negative effects of nitrogen dioxide were around six times larger for recreational runners than elite runners, and younger runners (18–29 years) showed larger effects than older runners.

The researchers found that the effects of fine particulate matter were not statistically significant.

Dr Donaldson added: “There are many potential explanations for these patterns. Firstly, slower runners remain on the marathon course for longer, so they may accumulate greater pollutant dose during race day. Secondly, the physiological adaptations that result from the high-intensity training undertaken by elite athletes may offer some protection against the harmful effects of air pollution.

“Recreational runners may have less training behind them, so the added strain of pollution during a marathon could have a greater effect on their performance.”

The race-day NO₂ and PM₂.₅ levels in this sample were generally low to moderate relative to the 2021 World Health Organization air quality guideline levels - with most of the marathons falling near or below these thresholds.

From these findings, the Leicester researchers suggest that air quality and event-related traffic policies should be considered alongside temperature and humidity when planning urban endurance events and advising runners, particularly recreational participants who may be most vulnerable to pollution-related performance impairment.

Professor Bryan Williams, Chief Scientific and Medical Officer at the British Heart Foundation which supported the study, said: "This large study suggests air pollution, specifically nitrogen dioxide, has a negative impact on how well people can exercise. While the study is observational and can't prove cause and effect, it's not surprising that air pollution could have this effect. We know that breathing in polluted air can trigger inflammation, damage blood vessels, and affect breathing.

“Despite the known harms of air pollution, it is important to note that levels of nitrogen dioxide and PM2.5 on marathon day in London appear to have fallen substantially since the 2010 event, which a great news for heart health. As well as this, the fact remains that exercise is still very beneficial for your cardiovascular health - it can reduce the risk of heart and circulatory diseases by up to 35 per cent. While interesting, the findings of this study definitely shouldn't put people off running."

The findings may also have implications beyond marathon running, highlighting how air quality could influence the experience and performance of anyone taking part in outdoor physical activity. Researchers at the University of Leicester are also developing the P-STEP app (Personalised Space Technology Exercise Platform), with support from the European Space Agency.

The P-STEP app uses real-time, location-specific air quality information to help people plan when and where to exercise outdoors while reducing their exposure to pollution.

Dr Samuel Cai, Professor Anna Hansell and Professor Tom Yates are investigators within the British Heart Foundation (BHF) Leicester Centre of Research Excellence, which is led by Director Professor André Ng MBE.
 

The BHF Leicester Centre of Research Excellence is a major British Heart Foundation investment supporting world-leading cardiovascular research in Leicester. Led by Professor André Ng, the Centre brings together experts in discovery science, clinical intervention and population health research to improve the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease while developing the next generation of research leaders.

The NIHR BRC Leicester is part of the National Institute for Health and Care Research and is hosted by the University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, in partnership with the University of Leicester, Loughborough University and University Hospitals of Northamptonshire NHS Group.

The centre brings together world leading investigators, clinicians, and research facilities to drive innovation in prevention, diagnosis and treatment of major health conditions.

ENDS

Note: Full paper available to view: Air Pollution Impairs Marathon Performance: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of 2.7 Million Finishers Across Six World Marathon Majors | Sports Medicine - Open | Springer Nature Link