Tuesday, April 09, 2024

The University of Tartu's self-driving test vehicle now has remote control capabilities

ESTONIAN RESEARCH COUNCIL

The University of Tartu Institute of Computer Science and Clevon AS have signed a three-year cooperation agreement, enabling a teleoperation system for the Autonomous Driving Lab’s test vehicle. Attendees at the technology demonstration were able to remotely control the car located nearly three kilometres away in the parking lot of the Estonian National Museum.

According to Tambet Matiisen, the technology manager of Autonomous Driving Lab, teleoperation systems are important. "Remote control is an important technical solution in today's autonomous vehicles, allowing the vehicle to seek assistance from a human in unexpected traffic situations, such as roadworks or traffic jams," said Matiisen. He added that this allows the self-driving car to travel outside the mapped area, for example, to drop off passengers at their doorstep instead of the nearest bus stop.

Clevon emphasises the importance of cooperation with the university. "Collaboration provides us with valuable feedback to further develop our platform and create new solutions that meet both current and future transportation needs," explains Clevon CEO Sander Sebastian Agur. In addition to new development directions, Clevon is interested in contributing to science and potential research focusing on autonomy or teleoperations.

According to Tambet Matiisen, further research is warranted on the remote control solution. "For example, we plan to investigate the situational awareness of the remote operator: how well does a person who is not actually in the car perceive the traffic situation? We also want to test the cybersecurity of the technology, and how easy it would be for a potential attacker to take over control of the car. Finally, we aim to develop alternative control methods, such as an option for the remote operator to see their surroundings from a bird's-eye view or through virtual reality glasses," Matiisen explained.

Clevon and the University of Tartu believe that the three-year cooperation agreement will yield many fruitful projects in the field of self-driving vehicles.

METHOD OF RESEARCH

Meta-analysis

The University of Tartu's self-driving test vehicle now has remote-control capabilities Demonstration of the remote control system

The University of Tartu's self-driving test vehicle now has remote-control capabilities
Demonstration of the remote control system

CREDIT

Photos taken by Lotte Parksepp

Better battery manufacturing: Robotic lab vets new reaction design strategy

Mixing unconventional ingredients in just the right order can make complex materials with fewer impurities. The robotic lab that tested the idea could be widely adopted.

UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN

Images // Video

New chemistries for batteries, semiconductors and more could be easier to manufacture, thanks to a new approach to making chemically complex materials that researchers at the University of Michigan and Samsung's Advanced Materials Lab have demonstrated.

Their new recipes use unconventional ingredients to make battery materials with fewer impurities, requiring fewer costly refinement steps and increasing their economic viability.

"Over the past two decades, many battery materials with enhanced capacity, charging speed and stability have been designed computationally, but have not made it to market," said Wenhao Sun, the Dow Early Career Professor of Materials Science and Engineering at U-M and the corresponding author of the study published in Nature Synthesis.

"A lot of times, a simple material is a good starting point, but when you add a little bit of compound A and a little bit of compound B, magic happens and you get big improvements in capacity or charging rate. However, these chemically complex materials are often difficult to manufacture at scale with high purity."

Battery materials are typically made by mixing several different oxide powders and firing them in an oven. However, these powders react in a sequence rather than all at the same time. The first two ingredients to react are usually those that release the most energy upon reacting. The first reaction results in an intermediate compound that then reacts with the remaining powder, and so on, until no more reactions are possible.

If the chemical bonds in the intermediate compounds are difficult to break, they might not fully react with the other ingredients. When they don't fully react, the intermediates hang around as undesired impurities in the final material.

"We designed a strategy to make impurity-free materials more reliably," said Jiadong Chen, the first author of the study and a U-M doctoral student in materials science and engineering and scientific computing. "The trick is to only work with two ingredients at a time, and deliberately make unstable intermediates that will react completely with the remaining ingredients."

To test this strategy, Sun's team designed 224 different recipes to create 35 different known materials containing elements used in today's batteries and next-generation 'beyond-lithium' batteries.

The researchers then partnered with Samsung Semiconductor's Advanced Materials Lab in Cambridge, Massachusetts, to test if their recipes produced these 35 materials with fewer impurities than conventional recipes. Samsung's automated robotic lab can synthesize up to 24 different battery materials every 72 hours.

Robotic arms handle the ingredients and operate the lab equipment that assesses the purity of the resulting materials. Meanwhile, computers automatically record the results of each experiment, creating a database that researchers can use to determine which recipes worked best.

"With the automatic lab, we could broadly test our hypothesis on diverse battery chemistries," Chen said.

The experiments confirmed that the new recipes with ingredients designed to be unstable tended to produce cleaner products. The new recipes improved the materials' purity by up to 80%, and six of the target materials could only be made with new recipes.

Blueprints for the robotic lab were detailed in the team's report, which Sun hopes will enable more chemistry labs to adopt robotic labs for both science and materials manufacturing.

"We need more data—not just from successful recipes but also the unsuccessful ones—to improve materials manufacturing strategies. More robotic labs will help generate the needed data," Sun said.

These labs are within reach for most research institutions and could significantly speed up materials development, the researchers say.

"The startup cost for the robotic equipment is about $120,000—not as high as you might think. But the payoffs in throughput, reliability and data-management are invaluable," said study co-author Yan Eric Wang, principal engineer and project manager of Samsung's Advanced Materials Lab.

The research was funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Basic Energy

Sciences program.

Study: Navigating phase diagram complexity to guide robotic inorganic materials synthesis (DOI: 10.1038/s44160-024-00502-y)

JOURNAL

Nature Synthesis

DOI

10.1038/s44160-024-00502-y

Remote work cuts car travel and emissions, but hurts public transit ridership

Public transit agencies may need to adapt to the rise of remote work

UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA

Remote work could cut hundreds of millions of tons of carbon emissions from car travel – but at the cost of billions lost in public transit revenues, according to a new study.

Using the latest data on remote work and transportation behavior since the pandemic upended work arrangements, researchers at the University of Florida, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Peking University revealed how cities could meet their sustainability goals by promoting remote work.

The researchers found that a 10% increase in remote workers could lead to a 10% drop in carbon emissions from the transportation sector, or nearly 200 million tons of carbon dioxide a year across the U.S., thanks to fewer car trips. But the same proportion of remote work would reduce transit fare revenue by $3.7 billion nationally, a whopping 27% drop.

About 14% of the workforce exclusively works from home, but as many as half of all workers may work remotely at least part of the time, according to different surveys.

“Transit agencies need to be very concerned,” said Shenhao Wang, Ph.D., a professor of urban planning at UF who supervised the new study. “Yet overall we would expect less energy consumption from reduced car travel. So the picture is very complicated, and whether the effects are positive or negative depends on the stakeholder.”

Urban planners have long considered remote work as one way to reduce traffic congestion and carbon emissions. But before the COVID-19 pandemic, it was challenging to analyze the effects of remote work, because few employees worked from home. The rapid rise and continued investment in remote work caused by the pandemic finally allowed researchers the chance to see how the trend affects urban mobility.

The new study covered the period from April 2020 to October 2022 and included data from Google on remote work patterns, along with information from the Federal Highway Administration for car travel and a national database for transit ridership. The researchers correlated transportation behavior with the rise and fall in remote work in different states and metropolitan areas to uncover the effect of increased remote work on car travel and public transit.

They discovered that public transit ridership fell more than twice as fast as car travel did in response to the same drop in on-site workers.

“People mostly rely on transit to go to work. When people start to work from home, their need to commute is largely reduced. So, a large portion of transit ridership was no longer needed,” said Yunhan Zheng, Ph.D., a postdoctoral researcher at MIT and lead author of the new paper. “On the other hand, many people rely on vehicles for trips other than going to work. They go shopping, they go to restaurants and leisure activities. Those activities may not necessarily disappear when people work from home.”

Because of these differences between driving and transit behavior, “this may pose a challenge for transit agencies in terms of their financial sustainability, so they may need to take some actions to cope with this. For example, they could provide more services during the off-peak hours in residential areas to better serve remote workers,” said Zheng.

Zheng, Wang and their collaborators published their findings on April 9 in Nature Cities. The researchers plan to continue analyzing the effects of remote work on urban mobility as new data becomes available and employment trends move further past the immediate effects of the pandemic.

JOURNAL

Nature Cities

DOI

10.1038/s44284-024-00057-1

METHOD OF RESEARCH

Data/statistical analysis

SUBJECT OF RESEARCH

Not applicable

ARTICLE TITLE

Impacts of remote work on vehicle miles traveled and transit ridership in the USA

ARTICLE PUBLICATION DATE

9-Apr-2024

Humans can increase biodiversity

UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE

Cultural diversity is likely to have an overall positive effect on the biodiversity of ecosystems. The homogenization of human life forms may therefore be regarded as an important motor of the ongoing major extinction events in the ‘Age of Humans’ (Anthropocene). Dr Shumon T. Hussain from the University of Cologne and Dr Chris Baumann from the University of Tübingen come to this conclusion in their recent article ‘The human side of biodiversity: coevolution of the human niche, paleo-synanthropy and ecosystem complexity in the deep human past’ published in the renowned journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. The article fits into the current thematic focus ‘Multispecies Conviviality’ of the University of Cologne’s Research Hub MESH (Multidisciplinary Environmental Studies in the Humanities).

In their publication, the scientists examine the role of past humans in the evolution and control of biodiversity on our planet. The archaeologists offer a deep-time perspective grounded in material and ecological data to argue that the idea that humans had lived harmoniously with nature as hunter-gatherers mischaracterizes the fundamental problem of human interaction with ecosystems. The scientists also criticize that in the recent past, with regard to the aforementioned extinction events, the so-called biodiversity loss in the Anthropocene, attempts have often been made to highlight that people had actively intervened in their ecosystem more than 10,000 years ago, notably with negative consequences.

The researchers suggest that the relationship between humans and ecosystems has always been much more complicated and complex, and that, in addition to negative effects, there are also positive effects on biodiversity that follow certain rules. “Oftentimes, it can even be said that biodiversity loss occurs locally due to human activity, but biodiversity is strongly promoted elsewhere; these dynamics must therefore be placed in a wider context,” said Hussain.

The research combines various case studies from the Late Pleistocene (approx. 120,000 to 11,800 years before present) and is also based on a recent study of the two authors on ravens from the ice age, which shows that these birds benefited from humans as neighbours about 30,000 years ago – especially from food options that hunter-gatherers in the environment provided for these animals.

The archaeologists based their research on the results of zooarchaeological and stable isotope analyses, which were applied in the case of ravens, and used this and other already published, contextual archaeological information to show that such processes can lead to an increase in biodiversity on a local level. This is because certain animals benefit from human influence and others that are excluded locally by humans, such as larger predators, move to other areas. Overall, this increases the heterogeneity and complexity of such ecosystems, thereby often resulting in a positive effect on overall biodiversity.

“Ultimately, we try to argue that biodiversity regimes cannot be separated from human influence and that not all of these influences are merely negative,” explained Shumon Hussain. “It also follows that increased diversity in human life forms probably has an overall positive effect on biodiversity as a whole, and that a decisive driver of the biodiversity crisis in the Anthropocene is in part also the homogenization of human life in nature and with it.”

JOURNAL

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences

DOI

10.1098/rstb.2023.0021

METHOD OF RESEARCH

Observational study

SUBJECT OF RESEARCH

Not applicable

ARTICLE TITLE

The human side of biodiversity: coevolution of the human niche, palaeo-synanthropy and ecosystem complexity in the deep human past

ARTICLE PUBLICATION DATE

8-Apr-2024

Unraveling the iconography of the Etruscan lamp of Cortona

A re-evaluation of the ancient bronze lamp concludes that it is a cult object associated with the mystery cult of the god Dionysus

DE GRUYTER

The Etruscan lamp of Cortona — IMAGE:
THE ETRUSCAN LAMP OF CORTONA
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CREDIT: MUSEO DELL'ACCADEMIA ETRUSCA E DELLA CITTÀ DI CORTONA

A large, highly decorated bronze lamp found in a ditch near the town of Cortona, central Italy, is significantly older than previously estimated and shows the god Dionysus, a new study published in De Gruyter’s Etruscan and Italic Studies argues.

The date of the lamp and the meaning and significance of its decorations have been the subject of controversy since its discovery in 1840. Now, PhD student Ronak Alburz and Associate Professor Gijs Willem Tol of the University of Melbourne, Australia, have used literary sources and other iconographic evidence to provide a comprehensive new analysis of the object.

The Cortona lamp is a bronze hanging oil lamp, roughly in the shape of a chandelier, measuring 60cm across and weighing almost 60kg. It originates from the Etruscan civilization of Archaic Etruria, a region of central Italy corresponding roughly to present-day Tuscany and part of Umbria. The Etruscan civilization thrived from about 900 BCE, but was gradually absorbed into the Roman Republic after about 400 BCE.

The Cortona lamp has defied a comprehensive and satisfactory explanation for two main reasons. Firstly, very few similar objects (‘comparanda’) have been discovered in Etruscan or Ancient Greek art, making it difficult to draw insightful comparisons. Secondly, the lamp lacks context, having been found with only an inscribed bronze plaque which originates from much later. This means there is no information about the building in which it was used or how it related to other artifacts. Scholars were therefore restricted to analyzing individual decorative motifs displayed on the lamp.

In their re-evaluation, Alburz and Tol identify new comparanda that indicate the lamp originated in about 480 BCE, significantly earlier than many other estimates.

They also argue that earlier scholars were incorrect in identifying the lamp’s 16 bull-horned figures as the Greek river god Acheloos. By drawing on various literary sources and presenting new iconographic evidence, they show that Dionysus, the Ancient Greek god of wine and pleasure, was also often portrayed with bull features. They thus propose that the lamp depicts the Dionysian thiasus, the ecstatic retinue of Dionysus who are often portrayed as inebriated revelers.

Lead author Alburz said: “The lamp was probably an object associated with the mystery cult of Dionysus. Its decoration represents the Dionysian thiasus, perhaps engaged in a cultic performance in the cosmos of the mysteries in celebration of Dionysus.”

JOURNAL

Etruscan and Italic Studies

DOI

10.1515/etst-2023-0019

METHOD OF RESEARCH

Content analysis

SUBJECT OF RESEARCH

Not applicable

ARTICLE TITLE

A Re-Evaluation of the Iconography of the Etruscan Bronze Lamp of Cortona

ARTICLE PUBLICATION DATE

8-Apr-2024

Could new technique for ‘curving’ light be the secret to improved wireless communication?

In a breakthrough that could help revolutionize wireless communication, researchers unveiled a novel method for manipulating terahertz waves, allowing them to curve around obstacles instead of being blocked by them

BROWN UNIVERSITY

curving beams — IMAGE:
A STUDY THAT COULD HELP REVOLUTIONIZE WIRELESS COMMUNICATION INTRODUCES A NOVEL METHOD TO CURVE TERAHERTZ SIGNALS AROUND AN OBSTACLE.
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CREDIT: ILLUSTRATION PROVIDED BY THE MITTLEMAN GROUP

PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University] — While cellular networks and Wi-Fi systems are more advanced than ever, they are also quickly reaching their bandwidth limits. Scientists know that in the near future they’ll need to transition to much higher communication frequencies than what current systems rely on, but before that can happen there are a number of — quite literal — obstacles standing in the way.

Researchers from Brown University and Rice University say they’ve advanced one step closer to getting around these solid obstacles, like walls, furniture and even people — and they do it by curving light.

In a new study published in Communications Engineering, the researchers describe how they are helping address one of the biggest logjams emerging in wireless communication. Current systems rely on microwave radiation to carry data, but it’s become clear that the future standard for transmitting data will make use of terahertz waves, which have as much as 100 times the data-carrying capacity of microwaves. One longstanding issue has been that, unlike microwaves, terahertz signals can be blocked by most solid objects, making a direct line of sight between transmitter and receiver a logistical requirement.

“Most people probably use a Wi-Fi base station that fills the room with wireless signals,” said Daniel Mittleman, a professor in Brown’s School of Engineering and senior author of the study. “No matter where they move, they maintain the link. At the higher frequencies that we're talking about here, you won't be able to do that anymore. Instead, it's going to be a directional beam. If you move around, that beam is going to have to follow you in order to maintain the link, and if you move outside of the beam or something blocks that link, then you're not getting any signal.”

The researchers circumvented this by creating a terahertz signal that follows a curved trajectory around an obstacle, instead of being blocked by it. The novel method unveiled in the study could help revolutionize wireless communication and highlights the future feasibility of wireless data networks that run on terahertz frequencies, according to the researchers.

“We want more data per second,” Mittleman said. “If you want to do that, you need more bandwidth, and that bandwidth simply doesn't exist using conventional frequency bands.”

In the study, Mittleman and his colleagues introduce the concept of self-accelerating beams. The beams are special configurations of electromagnetic waves that naturally bend or curve to one side as they move through space. The beams have been studied at optical frequencies but are now explored for terahertz communication.

The researchers used this idea as a jumping off point. They engineered transmitters with carefully designed patterns so that the system can manipulate the strength, intensity and timing of the electromagnetic waves that are produced. With this ability to manipulate the light, the researchers make the waves work together more effectively to maintain the signal when a solid object blocks a portion of the beam. Essentially, the light beam adjusts to the blockage by shuffling data along the patterns the researchers engineered into the transmitter. When one pattern is blocked, the data transfers to the next one, and then the next one if that is blocked. This keeps the signal link fully intact. Without this level of control, when the beam is blocked, the system can’t make any adjustments, so no signal gets through.

This effectively makes the signal bend around objects as long as the transmitter is not completely blocked. If it is completely blocked, another way of getting the data to the receiver will be needed.

“Curving a beam doesn’t solve all possible blockage problems, but what it does is solve some of them and it solves them in a way that's better than what others have tried,” said Hichem Guerboukha, who led the study as a postdoctoral researcher at Brown and is now an assistant professor at the University of Missouri – Kansas City.

The researchers validated their findings through extensive simulations and experiments navigating around obstacles to maintain communication links with high reliability and integrity. The work builds on a previous study from the team that showed terahertz data links can be bounced off walls in a room without dropping too much data.

By using these curved beams, the researchers hope to one day make wireless networks more reliable, even in crowded or obstructed environments. This could lead to faster and more stable internet connections in places like offices or cities where obstacles are common. Before getting to that point, however, there’s much more basic research to be done and plenty of challenges to overcome as terahertz communication technology is still in its infancy.

“One of the key questions that everybody asks us is how much can you curve and how far away,” Mittleman said. “We've done rough estimations of these things, but we haven't really quantified it yet, so we hope to map it out.”

JOURNAL

Communications Engineering

DOI

10.1038/s44172-024-00206-3

METHOD OF RESEARCH

Computational simulation/modeling

SUBJECT OF RESEARCH

Not applicable

ARTICLE TITLE

Curving THz wireless data links around obstacles

Problem property intervention in Boston reduced crime and disorder

AMERICAN SOCIETY OF CRIMINOLOGY

Crime is concentrated in places that often lack capable landlords, and numerous U.S. cities have instituted problem property interventions that pressure landowners to better manage properties marked by decay, nuisance, or crime. In a new study, researchers conducted the first evaluation of the effectiveness of such a program in Boston. The study found that the intervention reduced crime and disorder relative to comparable matched properties and at adjacent properties for many years.

The study, by researchers with the Boston Area Research Initiative at Northeastern University, appears in Criminology, a publication of the American Society of Criminology.

“Problem property interventions are distinctive because they target a place and incentivize those legally responsible to improve its management,” explains Daniel T. O’Brien, professor of public policy and urban affairs and criminology and criminal justice at Northeastern University, who led the study. “We wanted to see if such interventions work.”

Researchers examined the effectiveness of Boston’s Problem Properties Task Force, which was established in 2011 as a multi-agency partnership to address criminal activity, nuisance, and unsanitary or unsafe living conditions at specific properties. Their evaluation, of more than 400 properties investigated by the task force from September 2011 to January 2020, assessed the program’s dual goals of mitigating crime and disorder at specific places and engaging and incentivizing property owners in that process.

The study matched properties targeted by the program to comparable properties, reporting changes not only in multiple forms of crime and disorder but also for proxies of enhanced property management, including records of investment in property improvements and changes in property ownership. As in other law enforcement programs, investigated parcels tended to be in Census tracts with greater concentrations of residents who were Black, Latinx, renters, and experiencing family poverty.

Boston’s Problem Properties Task Force intervention reduced crime and physical disorder at target locations. The program appears to have given property owners incentives to either manage their properties better (as seen in new investments in the physical conditions of a property) or sell the property someone who was presumably more willing or capable to properly tend to the location.

These benefits spilled over to nearby properties, with crime and disorder declining at other parcels on the same street after a property was investigated. Effects persisted for many years after an intervention, indicating that they were not due solely to heightened enforcement during the intervention and implying a fundamental shift in properties’ dynamics.

However, crime and disorder did not drop at other properties owned by property owners who had been investigated. This suggests that targeting a problem property can have immediate effects for the property and the street where it is located, but does not compel landlords to extend their improved practices to all their holdings.

“Our study represents a significant step forward in elucidating the mechanisms behind place-focused crime reduction strategies that target place owners, not just locations,” notes Michael Zoorob, a fellow at Northeastern University’s Boston Area Research Initiative, who coauthored the study. “Place management is a malleable characteristic that governments can alter through incentives, including scrutiny and fines.”

Among the study’s limitations, the authors note that their study needs to be replicated in other locations to evaluate whether their findings are generalizable outside Boston. Also, while the study demonstrated that such interventions can be effective, it did not determine what strategies were responsible for eliminating issues. In addition, the authors note potential biases in both the administrative data they used and the process for nominating problem properties.

The study was supported by the National Science Foundation.

JOURNAL

Criminology

DOI

10.1111/1745-9125.12361

ARTICLE TITLE

Pacifying problem places: How problem property interventions increase guardianship and reduce disorder and crime

Eco-effective cooling: a step forward in sustainable refrigeration

KEAI COMMUNICATIONS CO., LTD.

Schematic diagram of the CACRC system — IMAGE:
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF THE CACRC SYSTEM
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CREDIT: YUHAN DU, ET AL

A recent study has unveiled a significant advancement in refrigeration technology. This work introduces an optimized Compression-Absorption Cascade Refrigeration Cycle (CACRC) that remarkably reduces electricity consumption and capitalizes on waste heat, setting new benchmarks in refrigeration efficiency and sustainability.

The Compression-Absorption Cascade Refrigeration Cycle (CACRC) system, merging Vapor-Compression Refrigeration (VCR) with Absorption Refrigeration Cycle (ARC), presents a promising answer to the pressing energy demands and environmental concerns associated with traditional cooling methods. While the VCR is celebrated for its superior performance and ability to achieve low temperatures at a high energy cost, the ARC, in contrast, operates with minimal electricity, utilizing waste heat. This harmonious combination has generated keen interest in CACRC, recognizing its potential utility in critical areas such as food preservation and district cooling.

Recently, researchers from Xi'an Jiaotong University have fine-tuned the CACRC. Their detailed study (DOI: 10.1016/j.enss.2024.02.003) was published in Energy Storage and Saving in February 2024, highlighting the integration of vapor-compression and absorption refrigeration cycles. This blend achieves considerable reductions in electricity use while efficiently leveraging waste heat.

Exploring a dual-section mechanism that combines vapor-compression with absorption refrigeration technologies, the research team conducted a thorough analysis of 16 distinct refrigerants in the vapor compression section, paired with H2O-LiBr in the absorption section. This meticulous examination aimed to identify the most efficient and eco-friendly combinations, revealing the RE170/H2O-LiBr pair as the standout performer. This pair demonstrated the highest coefficient of performance and exergy efficiency among all candidates. Further investigation into the system's dynamics, including the impacts of generator and evaporator temperatures, cascade temperature differences, and the effectiveness of the solution heat exchanger, enriched the study's findings.

Xiaopo Wang, the study's lead author, noted, "This breakthrough not only marks a significant step towards more sustainable refrigeration practices but also reflects our dedication to pioneering solutions that can revolutionize industries and contribute to the preservation of our planet's resources."

The culmination of this research offers a solid foundation for a refrigeration system that not only drastically reduces electricity consumption by harnessing waste heat but also advocates for a sustainable cooling approach across various industries, including food preservation and district cooling. This study heralds the dawn of a new era in refrigeration technology, emphasizing the critical balance between environmental stewardship and economic feasibility.

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Media contact: Name: Yue Yang / Email: enss@xjtu.edu.cn

The publisher KeAi was established by Elsevier and China Science Publishing & Media Ltd to unfold quality research globally. In 2013, our focus shifted to open access publishing. We now proudly publish more than 100 world-class, open access, English language journals, spanning all scientific disciplines. Many of these are titles we publish in partnership with prestigious societies and academic institutions, such as the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC).

JOURNAL

Energy Storage and Saving

DOI

10.1016/j.enss.2024.02.003

ARTICLE TITLE

Energy, exergy, and economic analysis of compression-absorption cascade refrigeration cycle using different working fluids