Saturday, December 13, 2025

Source: Peoples Dispatch

The recently inaugurated Rodrigo Paz has wasted no time in embarking on his project to neoliberalize the Andean country. According to the president, Paz proposes cutting public spending by almost 30% in 2026, equivalent to 4 points of GDP.

In addition, he has proposed eliminating a series of taxes, especially for the wealthiest. One of these is a special tax on large fortunes, which Paz has promised to eliminate. The special tax is levied on those with fortunes of more than USD 4 million (less than 1% of the population) in a country where the basic salary is less than USD 400.

The Confederation of Private Entrepreneurs has quickly and publicly welcomed the decision, which is complemented by a series of measures to make foreign investment “more attractive”. The elimination of taxes on gambling businesses has also been announced.

“[These taxes] drove away more than USD 2 billion that went to neighboring countries such as Paraguay. These are the obstacles that did not generate any benefit for the country,” Paz told the press.

Through these measures, the executive branch promises to reduce inflation and the foreign currency shortage that have plagued the country in recent years, although several critics have claimed that the measures will mainly lead to greater social inequality, less public investment for the neediest social sectors, and the handing over of Bolivia’s natural resources to private companies at very low prices.

Paz has not been entirely clear about his proposal, as he has not indicated which state sectors will be most affected by the elimination of almost a third of public spending (a record for the Andean country), which, according to the president, represents “insipid spending”.

Economy Minister Gabriel Espinoza said, “We have asked the Chamber of Deputies to return the 2026 budget law to us so that we can amend it, aggressively reducing current spending that does not reach the people. It has nothing to do with basic services or infrastructure, but with eliminating the ‘fat’ from the state.”

Investigation into corruption or political persecution?

But neoliberal reform does not only contemplate economic restructuring, but also a political counterattack against those who governed the country for more than 20 years, namely the Movement Toward Socialism (MAS). Using the same strategy employed in countries governed by social democratic governments, such as Ecuador, Brazil, and Argentina, neoliberal reforms aim to judicialize various political and economic activities carried out by past governments.

Paz has announced the creation of at least ten “Truth Commissions”, which, he says, will be responsible for uncovering acts of corruption in public institutions during previous administrations.

Few public companies have been left out of this sort of “new neoliberal inquisition.” State-owned oil, road, telecommunications, lithium, and other companies will be investigated for alleged irregularities. Even before the investigations begin, Paz has already claimed that the alleged damage to the state amounts to nearly USD 15 billion.

“We must show the people the mess they left us in so that they are fully aware that the guilty parties will pay … Everything that has been justified as a subsidy is tainted with corruption. We will fight to ensure that the price is fair, but I do not intend to support corrupt individuals and thieves who have turned subsidies into a business,” Paz told the press.

Several analysts have said that this marks the beginning of a season of “political persecution,” although Paz has said that this is not the case, but rather “an investigation into the theft from Bolivian families. This is economic damage to the state, and all cases will be investigated, without exception, including individuals and entities that have contributed to this situation.” Among those accused is Rafael Arce, son of former president Luis Arce, who, according to the government, has illegally enriched himself by more than USD 3.3 million.

Fracture in Paz’s government

In this way, Paz hopes to bury the MAS project economically and politically, accusing it of two intertwined historical crimes: inefficiency and corruption. Whether the accusations prove to be true remains to be seen. And even more so if they withstand the severe scrutiny of history, in which neoliberal governments have typically aimed to bury the progressive option because, in their view, it is inefficient and corrupt.

However, Paz will have to face an opposition that, despite losing the presidency, has not lost its significant capacity for mobilization and historical resistance to neoliberal measures. Furthermore, within his government, Paz has already experienced a recent rift with his vice president, Edman Lara, who called the president a “liar” and claimed that he is poorly advised in creating the “Truth Commissions”.

“Time will prove me right, my conscience is clear. I am working for my country, and I will prove it. And in the end, they will realize that Rodrigo Paz is nothing but a liar … He says that his priorities are to solve the people’s problems, but let me tell you, Rodrigo Paz, that you are lying. You have not solved any of the people’s problems so far,” Lara said.

Source: ALTERNET

When concerned residents of the New Orleans metro area stepped out into the streets with their whistles and phone cameras over the weekend, ready to protest and document the Trump administration’s unwelcome assault on immigrant communities, they faced both widespread digital surveillance by state and federal authorities and a vague state law that makes hindering federal immigration enforcement a crime punishable by up to one year of hard labor in a Louisiana prison.

Championed by Republicans and signed by Louisiana Gov. Jeff Landry, Act 399 went into effect August 1 and now looms over New Orleans as Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and Border Patrol continue their latest invasion of a Democrat-led city as part of President Donald Trump’s mass deportation campaign. The new law makes “any act intended to hinder, delay, prevent, or otherwise interfere with federal immigration enforcement” a crime.

On December 3, the ACLU of Louisiana filed a lawsuit challenging Act 399 on behalf of a local group, which stopped conducting know-your-rights trainings after organizers feared they could be criminalized under the law’s broad language. Louisiana’s attorney general conceded in a court filing that Act 399 covers “only actual obstruction of justice — conduct, especially violent conduct,” and not constitutionally protected speech.

Act 399 went into effect August 1 and makes “any act intended to hinder, delay, prevent, or otherwise interfere with federal immigration enforcement” a crime.

The ACLU of Louisiana dropped the lawsuit on December 5 after the judge and both sides agreed on the attorney general’s interpretation of the law. While the lawsuit focused on the First Amendment rights of groups holding community defense trainings for immigrants and their families, the clarification also offered a green light for activists to deploy resistance tactics seen in other cities targeted by ICE.

Videos shared online show residents gathering for a series of protests over the past week against ICE deployments in New Orleans that began on December 3. In suburbs like Kenner, a working class city with a large immigrant population and a local police chief who works directly with ICE, activists on the ground said caravans of vehicles coordinated by ICE watch activists followed ICE patrols with whistles and bullhorns, warning anyone who could be profiled as undocumented that federal agents were nearby. Coalitions organized know-your-rights trainings for documenting immigration arrests and set up a hotline for reporting ICE activity to a network of neighborhood response groups. Businesses across the city posted signs refusing entry to ICE and Border Patrol.

“What we are hearing from our clients is exactly what we have seen in other cities — folks are being arrested indiscriminately, targeted for the color of their skin, the language that they speak, the location where they are working,” said Homero Lopez, legal director of Immigration Services and Legal Advocacy in New Orleans, in a press conference with local leaders on December 5.

Meanwhile, a digital surveillance fusion center shared by federal law enforcement and state police is keeping tabs on the online activity of residents and protesters as ICE and Border Patrol fan out across the New Orleans metro area, according to records obtained by the Associated PressThe records showed agents monitoring message boards and social media posts “around the clock” to provide updates on the community’s response and criticisms of the immigration crackdown in New Orleans.

“Online opinions still remain mixed, with some supporting the operations while others are against them,” noted an intelligence briefing circulated early Sunday to law enforcement and obtained by the Associated Press. Previous intelligence bulletins noted “a combination of groups urging the public to record ICE and Border Patrol” as well as “additional locations where agents can find immigrants.”

A local activist who declined to be identified for fear of retaliation from law enforcement said many immigrant families are unable to work and shop for basic necessities due to the crackdown and concerns over racial profiling.

However, New Orleanians have survived hurricanes and other disasters together, and already existing mutual aid networks sprang into action to deliver groceries and help people access medical care and other needs. “People are getting rides, people are getting food, people are being accompanied — that is not an issue because people know how to do mutual aid here,” the activist told Truthout.

Jeremy Jong, a staff attorney with the immigrant rights group Al Otro Lado in New Orleans, said both Act 399 and the digital surveillance are designed to stifle speech and dissent.

“It appears that there is a real chilling effect,” Jong said in an interview. “Obviously the government surveilling essentially everyone is super concerning. It’s frankly infuriating that tax money is going to this fusion center that just monitors what everyone is saying on social media.”

Jong said many people in southern Louisiana may have heard about Act 399 or a separate state law restricting the filming of police officers — the latter was temporarily blocked by a federal court in January — but they may not understand how these attempts at repression impact their constitutional rights.

“We want to tell people they have the First Amendment right to go out there and blow a whistle and follow them around and record them — these are all things that are essentially protected by the First Amendment,” Jong told Truthout. “But we get a lot of questions like, ‘but I don’t know, it could be illegal.’”

Jong said he recently spoke to members of a church in the New Orleans area who were worried that they could be prosecuted under Act 399 if they refused to let ICE agents enter the church without a warrant. Jong noted that ICE still needs a warrant to enter private property under the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution, which protects everyone in the United States against unreasonable search and seizure. Shortly after taking office, Trump ended a longstanding policy that prohibited ICE from making arrests at schools, churches, and other sensitive public locations.

“It’s designed to scare people into giving up rights that they otherwise have,” Jong said.

“This system depends on people being scared, people unthinkingly complying.”

Steadfast in their repudiation of Trump’s deportation efforts — as well as of Border Patrol Commander Greg Bovino, who has been heckled by protesters and workers in viral videos as he patrols New Orleans — Crescent City residents are not easily intimidated. Jong pointed out that the Trump administration’s stated goal is to arrest 5,000 undocumented people in the New Orleans area, but the records obtained by the Associated Press show only 38 arrests were made during the first two days of the operation.

Of the 38 people arrested, only about a third had a criminal record, further undermining ICE’s debunked claims that immigration sweeps are focused on public safety threats. The total number of people arrested for civil immigration violations in New Orleans has not been publicly reported despite demands from city leaders. Masked ICE and Border Patrol agents also ignored pleas from city leaders not to conceal their identities in public.

Jong said people across the metro area are asserting their rights when confronted by federal agents, making it more difficult for ICE and Border Patrol to make indiscriminate arrests at Home Depots and construction sites, for example.

“People can’t go to work, people can’t make rent, can’t go to the doctor’s office — that’s terrible, but one silver lining is it gives us the opportunity to talk to people and say, ‘no, you have rights, and if everyone asserts their rights, these terrible calamities can be resisted,’” Jong said. “It’s really nice to see people feel empowered, to just say no, to withdraw their consent, because this system depends on people being scared, people unthinkingly complying.”

The Hope of the Future is Still in Rojava

Source: Tribune

Forged during the Syrian war, Rojava’s experiment in radical self-government offers a lens for examining how the left sustains hope under siege.

How should the progressive left respond to the experiment of Kurdish-led revolutionary Rojava in north-east Syria with its commitment to direct democracy, ecological sustainability, women’s rights and multi-ethnic inclusivity? It is a question that is bound to have plagued anyone who has visited Rojava, for whatever length of time, and come away humbled and impressed by a people swimming against the neoliberal current that has the world in its grips.

I too have grappled with this question. While no simple blueprint can reproduce the revolution elsewhere, I have toyed with more literal possibilities, taking a leaf out of the Kurdish diaspora’s playbook — setting up citizens’ assemblies along the lines of democratic confederalism to deal with local issues, build democratic muscle, and bring about change. Perhaps it could become as effective as the local experiment in Porto Alegre in Brazil once was. Set up in 1989, it received millions in participatory budgeting and redirected services to the most marginalised communities. That seems to be the limit of what can be achieved under neoliberal states; beyond that, political imagination falters, resorting to the idea of preparedness — like the Kurds quietly setting up citizens’ councils under the radar of Assad’s Syria until the Arab Spring in 2011 created a vacuum in the north and east and allowed them to achieve an almost bloodless revolution. Assad was too busy crushing the uprising down south.

Matt Broomfield, who spent three years in Rojava, approaches the question in his own, unique and thoughtful way. He embarks on a deep philosophical and practical engagement with the idea and reality of Rojava to tackle the defeatism of the left following the failure of the workers’ revolution in the twentieth century. He wants to engender that preparedness in what he sees as a disorganised Western anarchist movement weighed down by ‘left melancholy’. He runs through the post-Marxist philosophers who failed to identify a class of people who could be tasked with the job of transforming society, dismissing David Graeber’s ‘99 percent’, Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri’s ‘multitude’, and John Holloway’s ‘rabble’, as too diffuse. He speculates whether this century’s political subject will be the climate migrant. However, it is Öcalan’s identification of women as the vanguard of change — a revolutionary force theorised as the first group of people to be enslaved — that drives the Rojava revolution and has set feminist imagination on fire everywhere.

At the organisational level, Broomfield considers whether the pragmatism of the Kurdish freedom struggle has any lessons to offer the Western Left, particularly the anarchist strand with its purist commitment to horizontalism. In Rojava, they have achieved a ‘novel synthesis: a militant, vertical organisation [which] empowers a communal, horizontal politics.’ The verticalist organisation is a leftover from the Kurdish movement’s Marxist-Leninist roots, which encourages discipline, even hierarchy, while paradoxically facilitating a decentralised challenge to that hierarchy. It is effective in a way that anarchists are not, leaving them open to subversion and co-optation, chaos and malaise.

When the existential battle for the city of Kobane, aggressively besieged by ISIS in 2014, looked in danger of being lost, the Kurds accepted the US coalition’s offer of air-cover, fully aware of the transactional nature of that relationship. This proved to be a decisive turning point in their fortunes. The willingness to sup with the imperialist devil in a desperate bid for survival discredited Rojava among some sections of the left. Similarly, they have engaged with Russia and played off several regional powers against each other, including conservative religious forces in the erstwhile ISIS caliphate. Broomfield commends this ‘respectful, open approach to the very culture it aims to revolutionise’ as a strategy that should be deployed in our own contexts.

Political philosophy is marshalled to buoy up the spirit of activists to stay with the grind of political work through a paean to hope, enriched and informed paradoxically by the very hopelessness of the struggle. Broomfield’s early Christian upbringing made him receptive to the dictum, ‘I believe because it is impossible’. He started the project to see if hope remained possible in the twenty-first century, after the Holocaust, the pandemic, the era of left defeat and in the middle of a climate catastrophe. With the help of mainly Western philosophical, literary and theological commentaries, Broomfield looks for hope that has been wrung out of despair — the only kind that can lend a spine to resistance, where even suicide could be interpreted as an act of hope for a better world. This is not the empty hope of neoliberal ideology, ‘an equal opportunity resource’, where each of us could have a better life if only we set our minds to it. Without wanting to diminish it, the book could even be described as a self-help manual for the aspiring revolutionary.

In an interesting neologism borrowed from the internet, he enumerates the ‘copium’ (a merger of coping and opium) strategies that activists can use to prevent burnout and fatalism and manage doubts and insecurities: a quasi-religious commitment to a revolutionary future; a secular leap of faith towards a socialist utopia; a healthy dose of self-delusion; and a transition from individual self-care to the collective self-care of the Kurdish movement, which discourages individualism.

Broomfield asks: if we can and do deceive ourselves in the service of capitalist hegemony, why not in the service of revolution? It is a striking question. Both require sacrifice and deprivation, and only one offers the prospect of radical change and a possibly glorious future, but the wiles and stratagems of capitalism can lure the best of us into the path of least resistance. Individualism, turbocharged by our neoliberal times, undermines the collective struggle that revolutionary change necessarily entails.

While Broomfield is refreshingly honest about the shortcomings of the Rojava revolution, his view that the compromises that it has had to make in the Arab-majority areas generated ‘the movement’s most revolutionary moments’ is unduly optimistic for a book about hope without hope. Many of the compromises entailed concessions on feminist commitments, including the reversal of a ban on polygamy — a chilling example of democracy trumping women’s rights.

Matt Broomfield’s Hope Without Hope: Rojava and Revolutionary Commitment is published by AK Press.


The Next Wars Were Always Here — How Post 9/11 Law and the Monroe Doctrine Converged in the Caribbean


Source: Originally published by Z. Feel free to share widely.

The first U.S. missiles that struck the boats in the Caribbean in early September 2025 were described by Washington as a “counter-narcotics operation,” a sterile phrase meant to dull the violence of incinerating human beings in an instant. Then came the second strike, this time on survivors already struggling to stay afloat. Once the details emerged, however, the official story began to fall apart. 

Local fishermen contradicted U.S. claims. Relatives of those killed have said the men were not cartel operatives at all, but fishermen, divers, and small-scale couriers. Relatives in Trinidad and Venezuela told regional reporters their loved ones were unarmed and had no connection to Tren de Aragua, describing them instead as fathers and sons who worked the sea to support their families. Some called the U.S. narrative “impossible” and “a lie,” insisting the men were being demonized after their deaths. U.N. experts called the killings “extrajudicial.” Maritime workers noted what everyone in the region already knows: the route near Venezuela’s waters is not a fentanyl corridor into the United States. Yet the administration clung to its story, insisting these men were “narcoterrorists,” long after the facts had unraveled. Because in Washington’s post 9/11 playbook, fear is a tool. Fear is the architecture of modern American war.

The U.S. did not emerge from the Iraq War into peace or reflection. It emerged into normalization. The legal theories invented and abused after 9/11 – elastic self-defense, limitless definitions of terrorism, enemy combatants, global strike authority – did not fade. They became the backbone of a permanent war machine. These justifications supported drone wars in Pakistan, airstrikes in Yemen and Somalia, the destruction of Libya, special operations in Syria, and yet another military return to Iraq. And behind every expansion of this global battlefield was a U.S. weapons industry that grew richer with each intervention, lobbying for policies that kept the country in a constant state of conflict. What we are seeing today in the Caribbean is not an isolated action; it is the extension of a militarized imperial model that treats entire regions as expendable. 

The next wars were always there because we never confronted the political and economic system that made endless wars a profitable cornerstone of U.S. power.

A Post-9/11 Legal Framework Built for Endless War

The Trump administration has advanced several overlapping legal arguments to justify the strikes, and together they reveal a post-9/11 framework that stretches executive power far beyond its intended limits.

According to detailed reporting in The Washington Post, a classified Justice Department Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) memo argues that the United States is engaged in a “non-international armed conflict” with so-called narcoterrorist organizations. Under this theory, the strikes qualify as part of an ongoing armed conflict rather than a new “war” requiring congressional authorization. This framing alone is unprecedented: drug-trafficking groups are criminal networks, not organized armed groups targeting the U.S.

A second pillar of the memo, described by lawmakers to the Wall Street Journal, claims that once the president designates a cartel as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, it becomes a lawful military target. But terrorism designations have never created war powers. They are financial and sanctions tools, not authorizations for lethal force. As Sen. Andy Kim put it, using an FTO label as a “kinetic justification” is something “that has never been done before.”

The OLC memo also invokes Article II, claiming the president can order strikes as part of his commander-in-chief authority. Yet this argument depends on a second unsupported premise: that the boats posed a threat significant enough to justify self-defense. Even internal government lawyers questioned this. As one person familiar with the deliberations told The Washington Post, “There is no actual threat justifying self-defense — there are not organized armed groups seeking to kill Americans.” 

At the same time, the administration has publicly insisted that these operations do not rise to the level of “hostilities”  that would trigger the War Powers Resolution because U.S. military personnel were never placed at risk. By the administration’s own logic, that means the people on the boats were not engaged in hostilities and therefore were not combatants under any accepted legal standard, making the claim of a wartime self-defense strike impossible to reconcile with U.S. or international law.

Under international law, executing people outside a genuine armed conflict is an extrajudicial killing.  Nothing about these strikes meets the legal threshold for war. Because the people on the boats were not lawful combatants, the operation risks violating both international law and U.S. criminal law, including statutes on murder at sea, a concern reportedly underscored by Admiral Alvin Holsey’s early resignation.

The memo goes further still, invoking “collective self-defense” on behalf of regional partners. But key regional partners, including Colombia, Brazil, and Mexico, have publicly criticized the strikes and said they were not consulted, undermining the very premise of “collective” defense.

This internal contradiction is one reason lawmakers across both parties have called the reasoning incoherent. As Sen. Chris Van Hollen put it, “This is a memo where the decision was made, and someone was told to come up with a justification for the decision.”

And beneath all of this lies the most dangerous element: the memo’s logic has no geographic limits. If the administration claims it is in an armed conflict with a designated “narcoterrorist” group, then, by its own theory, lethal force could be used wherever members of that group are found. The same framework that justifies strikes near Venezuela could, in principle, be invoked in a U.S. city if the administration claimed a cartel “cell” existed there. 

If Trump truly believes he leads “the most transparent administration in history,” then releasing the memo should be automatic. The American people have the right to know what legal theory is being used to justify killing people in their name.

For decades, OLC memos have been used not simply as legal advice but as the internal architecture that allows presidents to expand their war-making power. The Bush torture memos treated torture as lawful by redefining the word “torture” itself, calling it “enhanced interrogation,” thereby enabling years of CIA black-site operations and abusive interrogations. The Libya War Powers memo argued that bombing Libya did not constitute “hostilities,” allowing the administration to continue military action without congressional approval. Targeted-killing memos, including those related to drone strikes on U.S. citizens abroad, constructed a legal theory that lethal force could be used outside traditional battlefields, without trial, based on executive determinations alone. In each case, the memo did not merely interpret the law; it reshaped the boundaries of presidential war powers, often without public debate or congressional authorization.

The American people have the right to know what “legal theory” is being used to justify killing people in their name. Congress needs it to conduct oversight. Service members need it to understand the legality of the orders they receive. And the international community needs clarity on the standards the U.S. claims to follow. There is no legitimate reason for a president to hide the legal basis for lethal force, unless the argument collapses under scrutiny. A secret opinion cannot serve as the foundation for an open-ended military campaign in the Western Hemisphere.

The Older Foundation: A 200-Year-Old Doctrine of Control

If the legal foundation comes from the post-9/11 era, the geopolitical foundation is older. Almost ancestral. For 200 years, the Monroe Doctrine has served as the permission slip for U.S. domination in Latin America.

The Trump administration went even further by openly reviving and expanding it through what officials called a “Trump Corollary,” which reframed the entire Western Hemisphere as a U.S. “defense perimeter” and justified increased military operations under the language of counter-narcotics, migration control, and regional stability. In this framework, Latin America is no longer treated as a diplomatic neighbor but as a security zone where Washington can act unilaterally. 

Venezuela, with its vast oil reserves, sovereign political project, and refusal to submit to U.S. pressure, has long been marked as a target. Sanctions softened the terrain. Disinformation hardened public opinion. And now, military strikes near its waters test how far Washington can push without triggering public revolt at home. The term “narcoterrorism” is simply the newest mask on a very old doctrine.

The strikes in the Caribbean are not isolated. They are the predictable intersection of two forces: a post-9/11 legal regime that allows war to expand without congressional approval, and a 200-year-old imperial doctrine that treats Latin America as a zone of control rather than a community of sovereign nations. Together, they form the logic that justifies today’s violence near Venezuela.

The Label that Opened the Door

After 9/11, every administration learned the same lesson: if you label something “terrorism,” the public will let you do almost anything. Now, this logic is being used everywhere. The cruel, decades-long blockade on Cuba is justified by claiming that the island is a “state sponsor of terrorism.” Mass surveillance, border militarization, endless sanctions, all wrapped in the language of “counterterrorism.” And now, to authorize military action in the Caribbean, they simply take the word “narco” and attach it to the word “terrorism.” The label does all the work. The danger is not confined to foreign policy: after Charlie Kirk’s assassination, the same elastic definition of “terrorism” is now being used domestically to justify crackdowns on NGOs the administration claims are inciting “anti-American” political violence.

The only reason Trump has not launched a full-scale attack on Venezuela is that he is still testing the ground, testing resistance inside Venezuela, testing Congress, testing the media, and testing us. He knows nearly 70% of people in the United States oppose a war with Venezuela. He knows he cannot sell another Iraq. So he is probing, pushing, looking for the line we will not let him cross.

We are that line.

If we do not challenge the lie now, if we do not demand release of the memo, if we stay silent, “narcoterrorism” becomes the new “weapons of mass destruction.” If we allow this test case to go unanswered, the next strike will be a war. We are the only ones who can stop him. And history is watching to see whether we learned anything from the last twenty years of fear, deception, and violence.

Because the next wars were always here, looming. We just need the clarity to see them and the force to stop them before they begin.

Declassify the Memo Now: Stop Trump’s Secret Path to War!Email

Michelle Ellner is a Latin America campaign coordinator of CODEPINK. She was born in Venezuela and holds a bachelor’s degree in languages and international affairs from the University La Sorbonne Paris IV, in Paris. After graduating, she worked for an international scholarship program out of offices in Caracas and Paris and was sent to Haiti, Cuba, The Gambia, and other countries for the purpose of evaluating and selecting applicants.

1 Comment

  1. Kary Love on December 12, 2025 

    Every war is a war on human rights, an act of regression towards barbarism. Thus the reality is the War on Drugs was really a war on the Bill of Rights. Its “precedents” eroded the Bill of Rights inside America and out. Those precedents became the “War on Terror” also a War on the Bill of Rights further eroding American commitment to human rights. The “moral arc of the universe” is, as a result, bending towards barbarism. “Warrior Jesus” is the newest “apotheosis and damnation” erupting from a monstrous womb. The people are awakening and are resisting this degeneration and recalling the lessons of their ancestors: “No Kings,” peace and goodwill towards all humans.