Sunday, June 29, 2025

Thousands set up street blockades in Serbia after arrests of anti-government protesters

People attend a major anti-government rally in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, June 28, 2025.
Copyright Marko Drobnjakovic/Copyright 2025 The AP. All rights reserved


By Euronews with AP
Published on 

Anti-government protests started after a renovated rail station canopy collapsed in November, killing 16 people. Many in Serbia blamed the tragedy in the northern city of Novi Sad on corruption-fuelled negligence in state infrastructure projects.

Thousands of people set up street blockades in Serbia on Sunday, angry over the arrest of anti-government protesters who clashed with police at a massive rally a day earlier calling for snap parliamentary elections. 

Demonstrators set up metal fences and put garbage containers in various locations across the city, also blocking a key bridge over the Sava River. 

Elsewhere in Serbia in the city of Novi Sad, protesters pelted the offices of the ruling populist Serbian Progressive Party with eggs. 

Local media reported that similar protest blockades were organised in other smaller cities as well. 

The protesters demanded that authorities release dozens of university students and other protesters who were jailed for attacking the police or for allegedly plotting to overthrow the government at a rally on Saturday in Belgrade. 

Tens of thousands had gathered at that rally. They demanded early elections after months of protesters spurred by a deadly train station awning collapse blamed on government corruption. 

The anti-corruption protests have been going on for eight months after the deadly collapse of the newly renovated train station canopy in the city of Novi Sad in November 2024, which killed 16 people. 

Protesters declared the current populist government “illegitimate” and laid the responsibility for any violence on the government.   

Clashes with riot police on Saturday erupted after the official part of the rally ended. Police used pepper spray, batons and shields while protesters threw rocks, bottles and other objects.  

 

Riot police block a street to prevent clashes between anti-government protesters and government supporters at the end of a rally Marko Drobnjakovic/Copyright 2025 The AP. All rights reserved

Police said on Sunday that 48 officers were injured while 22 protesters sought medical help. Out of 77 people detained, 38 remained in custody Sunday, most of them facing criminal charges, said Interior Minister Ivica Daci

At least eight more people were detained during the day, the prosecutors said.   

Serbian President Aleksandar Vučić earlier Sunday announced the arrests at a press conference, accusing organizers of the rally of inciting violence and attacks on police, urging legal prosecution.   

He also criticized "terrorists and those who tried to bring down the state,” singling out University of Belgrade's head dean, Vladan Djokic, who was among the protesters.   

“There will be more arrests,” Vučić  said. “Identification of all individuals is underway.” 

He and his ruling Serbian Progressive Party have rejected calls for early elections, accusing protesters of seeking to incite unrest under foreign influence without providing evidence. 


Serbian riot police clash with anti-government protesters



By Tatyana Kekic in Belgrade June 29, 2025

Serbian riot police fired tear gas and clashed with anti-government protesters in central Belgrade late on June 28, following a largely peaceful day of demonstrations demanding snap elections.

Tens of thousands of demonstrators, led by university students, filled the streets of the capital earlier in the day in what has become the culmination of nearly eight months of persistent protests. The unrest was sparked by a fatal infrastructure collapse at Novi Sad railway station in November, and has since evolved into a broader movement challenging Vucic’s 12-year grip on power.

Tensions flared after 10 p.m. local time as riot police attempted to disperse crowds heading towards government buildings, where Vucic’s supporters had gathered earlier in the day. Clashes erupted when protesters got closer to the Presidency building, prompting a forceful response from security forces.

Student organisers, who had coordinated the day’s rally, said they lost control of the situation as authorities deployed tear gas and pepper spray. Members of the Gendarmerie issued warnings via megaphones, instructing protesters to disperse or face intervention.

According to independent broadcaster N1, journalists were injured during the scuffles. Video reports showed firecrackers, flares and cannon blasts being used as protesters attempted to breach police cordons. The confrontation was a rare escalation following months of largely non-violent demonstrations.

The unrest came amid growing pressure on the government, which has intensified its rhetoric and security measures in recent days. Authorities announced the arrests of several individuals allegedly plotting a violent uprising. State-controlled media aired footage of seized weapons, with Vucic’s ruling Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) claiming evidence of a foreign-backed “colour revolution.”






Despite the evening's violence, the protest began in a markedly different tone. Demonstrators marched peacefully through Belgrade, calling for democratic reforms and an end to corruption. Vucic has faced increasing criticism over authoritarian tendencies, control of the media and cronyism. While he remains popular in some quarters, Saturday’s events suggest a determined opposition unwilling to be silenced.

Some 140,000 protesters rally against populist Serbia govt


Some 140,000 anti-government protesters clashed with police in Serbia’s capital Saturday evening demanding the populist government hold early elections. Students have kept up protests in recent months, demanding justice for 16 people killed when a train station collapsed last November – a tragedy blamed on government ineptitude and corruption.


Issued on: 29/06/2025 
By:
FRANCE 24
Video by:
FRANCE 24

01:42
Protesters demanding early elections clash with police in Belgrade on June 28, 2025. © Oliver Bunic, AFP


Around 140,000 protesters rallied in Belgrade, the largest turnout in recent months, as student-led demonstrations mount pressure on the populist government to call early elections.

The rally was one of the largest in over half a year of student-led actions, which began in November after the roof of a train station collapsed in the northern city of Novi Sad, killing 16 people – a tragedy widely blamed on entrenched corruption.

Earlier on Saturday, a sea of protesters filled Belgrade's largest square and poured into several surrounding streets.

The Independent Protest Monitor, Archive of Public Gatherings, estimated the crowd size at around 140,000, significantly higher than the police estimate of 36,000.


Read moreWhy has the EU kept silent on Serbia’s massive protest movement?

"We want elections!" the crowd chanted, waving Serbian flags and holding banners bearing the names of cities and towns from around the country.

For more than half a year, students have blockaded universities and organised large demonstrations around the country, demanding a transparent investigation into the deaths.
Serbian Riot Police officers arrest a man as tens of thousands of protesters gather in central Belgrade. © Marko Djokovic, AFP

But in contrast with previous gatherings, which have remained peaceful, clashes erupted between demonstrators and riot police.

AFP journalists witnessed police firing tear gas and stun grenades as protesters hurled flares at rows of police in several clashes following the huge gathering in Serbia's capital.

Police director Dragan Vasiljevic said officers had used batons after coming under attack but denied deploying "chemical agents" to disperse the crowd.

Dozens were detained, while six officers and two people were injured in the violence, Vasiljevic said.

Watch more


'We will rally as long as it takes'


Frustrated by government inaction over the tragedy, students have been calling for elections since May.

"We show once again that we will not stop," law student Stefan Ivakovic told AFP.

"We will rally as long as it takes until the demands are met."

Ahead of Saturday's protest, organisers issued an "ultimatum" for President Aleksandar Vucic to announce elections by 9pm (1900 GMT) – a demand he had rejected well before the deadline.

As the protest ended, organisers played a statement to the crowd, calling for Serbians to "take freedom into your own hands" and giving them the "green light".

"The authorities had all the mechanisms and all the time to meet the demands and prevent an escalation," the organisers said in a statement on Instagram after the rally.

"Instead, they chose violence and repression against the citizens. Any radicalisation of the situation is their responsibility."


'Foreign powers'


A protestor faces Serbian Riot Police as tens of thousands of protesters gather in central Belgrade. © Oliver Bunic, AFP

Following the clashes, the police minister "strongly condemned the attacks" on officers and said those responsible would be arrested.

According to pro-government media, Vucic will address the public at 11am (9 am GMT) on Sunday, although no details were confirmed.

Earlier, Vucic posted a photo of himself visiting nearby pro-government encampments outside the parliament building, issuing a message of support to an earlier counter-demonstration there.

But the crowd near the camps had dwindled significantly from its initial thousands.

The outcry over the Novi Sad disaster has already toppled the country's prime minister, but the governing party remains in power – with a reshuffled government and the president at its heart.

Vucic, who had warned of violence before the rally, has repeatedly said the protests are part of a foreign plot to destroy his government.

More than a dozen people have been arrested in recent weeks, a crackdown that has now become routine ahead of large demonstrations.

On Friday, five people were remanded in custody accused of plotting to overthrow the government, according to a statement from Serbia's Higher Court in Belgrade.
'Arrests, interrogations, and attacks'

Students have also called for the removal of the pro-government encampments, warning of the "radicalisation" of the movement if their demands are not met.

"We have been with the students from the very beginning, and we will continue to stand with them," University of Belgrade rector Vladan Djokic told AFP before the clashes.

Djokic, who has become a vocal supporter of the protest movement, earlier told the crowd that students had faced "arrests, interrogations, and attacks" in the months leading up to the rally.

Earlier this month, local polls in two municipalities marked the first electoral clash between an opposition coalition and Vucic's Serbian Progressive Party.

As before, Vucic denied allegations of fraud.

(FRANCE 24 with AFP)



Huge crowds build as Serbian protesters demand early elections

Mina PEJAKOVIC
Sat, June 28, 2025


Thousands gathered in Belgrade ahead of an 'ultimatum' for President Aleksandar Vucic to call early elections (OLIVER BUNIC)OLIVER BUNIC/AFP/AFPMore

Tens of thousands of Serbian protesters converged on Belgrade on Saturday to press their demand for early elections after months of student-led strikes.

As the hours-long rally began, massive crowds were building, with more streaming into a major square of the capital, according to AFP journalists.

Carrying Serbian flags and banners, many emblazoned with the names of cities and towns throughout the Balkan nation, the protest began with a rendition of the national anthem.

"We are not the problem, we are the consequence," one banner read.

Anti-graft protests have rocked the country since November, when the roof of a train station collapsed in the northern city of Novi Sad, killing 16 people -- a tragedy widely blamed on entrenched corruption.

For more than half a year, students have blockaded universities and organised large demonstrations around the country, demanding a transparent investigation into the deaths.

With little action from authorities, their focus shifted last month to calling for early parliamentary elections.

The student organisers have set an "ultimatum" for President Aleksandar Vucic to call for early elections by 9 pm (1900 GMT) Saturday.

Vucic had already rejected on Friday the students' demand, having previously stated that a national election would not be held before the end of 2026.

"The ultimatum was not accepted, you don't have to wait until 9 pm tomorrow," Vucic said, according to RTS state television.

-'Foreign powers'-

Nearby, thousands of Vucic supporters were also rallying in a counter-demonstration outside the parliament building.

Joining the pro-government encampments that have blocked a main intersection in the city for months, the crowd was marked with bikers and war veterans.

The outcry over the Novi Sad disaster has already toppled the country's prime minister, but the governing party remains in power -- with a reshuffled government and the president at its heart.

Vucic has repeatedly accused the protests, which have remained peaceful throughout, of being part of a foreign plot to destroy his government.

"The foreign powers sent an ultimatum through local henchmen," Vucic said after attending a mass in the central Serbian city of Krusevac on Friday.

Fuelling fears of confrontations between the two large groups, Vucic warned Saturday that "there will be violence" toward the end of the student protest.

More than a dozen people have been arrested in recent weeks, a crackdown that has now become a routine government reaction ahead of large demonstrations.

On Friday, five people were remanded in custody for allegedly plotting to overthrow the government, according to a statement from Serbia's Higher Court in Belgrade.

-'Radicalisation'-

Students have also called for the removal of the pro-government encampments, while warning of "radicalisation" of the movement if their demands were not met.

Police urged protesters to remain peaceful.

"Any attempt to attack the police, to storm any state institution, media outlet, or private property will not be tolerated by the Serbian police," police director Dragan Vasiljevic said in a statement.

Initial plans by Vucic's party to host a counter-rally were scrapped, though party officials said they might visit their supporters' camps.

Saturday's rally is expected to be the largest since March, when 300,000 people gathered in Belgrade, according to an independent counting organisation.

Earlier this month, local polls in two municipalities marked the first electoral clash between an opposition coalition and Vucic's Serbian Progressive Party.

The governing party secured a narrow victory amid accusations of voter bribery and electoral interference -- similar to those following its win in the December 2023 parliamentary elections.

As before, Vucic denied allegations of fraud.

bur-al/js



Serbian riot police fire tear gas at anti-government protesters demanding an early election

JOVANA GEC
Sat, June 28, 2025 


Riot police block a street as anti-government protesters light flares at the end of a rally pressing for an early election after nearly eight months of almost daily anti-corruption demonstrations that have shaken the populist government of President Aleksandar Vucic, in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, June 28, 2025. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic)ASSOCIATED PRESS

Riot police take positions on a street during a major anti-government rally pressing for an early election after nearly eight months of almost daily anti-corruption demonstrations that have shaken the populist government of President Aleksandar Vucic, in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, June 28, 2025. (AP Photo/Marko Drobnjakovic)ASSOCIATED PRESS

Riot police take positions on a street during a major anti-government rally pressing for an early election after nearly eight months of almost daily anti-corruption demonstrations that have shaken the populist government of President Aleksandar Vucic, in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, June 28, 2025. (AP Photo/Marko Drobnjakovic)ASSOCIATED PRESS

Riot police block a street to prevent clashes between anti-government protesters and government supporters at the end of a rally pressing for an early election after nearly eight months of almost daily anti-corruption demonstrations that have shaken the populist government of President Aleksandar Vucic, in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, June 28, 2025. (AP Photo/Darko Vojinovic)ASSOCIATED PRESS

People wave their mobile phones with flashing lights during a major anti-government rally in Belgrade, Serbia, Saturday, June 28, 2025. 
(AP Photo/Marko Drobnjakovic)ASSOCIATED PRESS


BELGRADE, Serbia (AP) — Riot police fired tear gas at thousands of anti-government protesters in Serbia's capital on Saturday.

The major rally in Belgrade against Serbia's populist president, Aleksandar Vucic, was called to back a demand for an early parliamentary election.

The protest by tens of thousands was held after nearly eight months of persistent demonstrations led by Serbia's university students that have rattled Vucic's firm grip on power in the Balkan country.

The huge crowd chanted “We want elections!” as they filled the capital’s central Slavija Square and several blocks around it, with many unable to reach the venue.

Tensions were high before and during the gathering. Riot police deployed around government buildings and close to a camp of Vucic’s loyalists in central Belgrade. Skirmishes erupted between riot officers and groups of protesters near the camp.

“Elections are a clear way out of the social crisis caused by the deeds of the government, which is undoubtedly against the interests of their own people,” said one of the students, who didn't give her name while giving a speech on a stage to the crowd. “Today, on June 28, 2025, we declare the current authorities illegitimate.”

At the end of the official part of the rally, students told the crowd to “take freedom into your own hands.”

University students have been a key force behind nationwide anti-corruption demonstrations that started after a renovated rail station canopy collapsed, killing 16 people on Nov. 1.

Many blamed the concrete roof crash on rampant government corruption and negligence in state infrastructure projects, leading to recurring mass protests.

“We are here today because we cannot take it any more,” Darko Kovacevic said. “This has been going on for too long. We are mired in corruption."

Vucic and his right-wing Serbian Progressive Party have repeatedly refused the demand for an early vote and accused protesters of planning to spur violence on orders from abroad, which they didn't specify.

Vucic's authorities have launched a crackdown on Serbia's striking universities and other opponents, while increasing pressure on independent media as they tried to curb the demonstrations.

While numbers have shrunk in recent weeks, the massive showing for Saturday's anti-Vucic rally suggested that the resolve persists, despite relentless pressure and after nearly eight months of almost daily protests.

Serbian police, which is firmly controlled by Vucic's government, said that 36,000 people were present at the start of the protest on Saturday.

Saturday marks St. Vitus Day, a religious holiday and the date when Serbs mark a 14th-century battle against Ottoman Turks in Kosovo that was the start of hundreds of years of Turkish rule, holding symbolic importance.

In their speeches, some of the speakers at the student rally on Saturday evoked the theme, which was also used to fuel Serbian nationalism in the 1990s that later led to the incitement of ethnic wars following the breakup of the former Yugoslavia.

Hours before the student-led rally, Vucic’s party bused in scores of its own supporters to Belgrade from other parts of the country, many wearing T-shirts reading: “We won’t give up Serbia.” They were joining a camp of Vucic’s loyalists in central Belgrade where they have been staying in tents since mid-March.

In a show of business as usual, Vucic handed out presidential awards in the capital to people he deemed worthy, including artists and journalists.

“People need not worry — the state will be defended and thugs brought to justice," Vucic told reporters on Saturday.

Serbian presidential and parliamentary elections are due in 2027.

Earlier this week, police arrested several people accused of allegedly plotting to overthrow the government and banned entry into the country, without explanation, to several people from Croatia and a theater director from Montenegro.

Serbia's railway company halted train service over an alleged bomb threat in what critics said was an apparent bid to prevent people from traveling to Belgrade for the rally.

Authorities made similar moves back in March, before what was the biggest ever anti-government protest in the Balkan country, which drew hundreds of thousands of people.

Vucic’s loyalists then set up a camp in a park outside his office, which still stands. The otherwise peaceful gathering on March 15 came to an abrupt end when part of the crowd suddenly scattered in panic, triggering allegations that authorities used a sonic weapon against peaceful protesters — an accusation officials have denied.

Vucic, a former extreme nationalist, has become increasingly authoritarian since coming to power more than a decade ago. Though he formally says he wants Serbia to join the European Union, critics say Vucic has stifled democratic freedoms as he strengthened ties with Russia and China.

___

Serbia's police clashes with anti-government protesters

Reuters
Sat, June 28, 2025 



Anti-government protest in Belgrade

Anti-government protest in Belgrade

Anti-government protest in Belgrade

Anti-government protest in Belgrade


Anti-government protest in Belgrade

BELGRADE (Reuters) -Serbian police on Saturday evening clashed with anti-government protesters demanding snap elections and an end to the 12-year rule of President Aleksandar Vucic.

Police deployed scores of officers in riot gear around government buildings, parliament and nearby Pionirski Park, where throngs of Vucic's backers from across the country gathered in a counter-protest.

After the protest ended at around 10 p.m. (2000 GMT) some protesters who wanted to confront Vucic's backers threw flares at police, while the police used pepper spray to disperse them.

The protesters shouted: "Keep the shields down," calling on the police to stop intervening.

Months of protests across the country, including university shutdowns, have rattled Vucic, a populist, whose second term ends in 2027, when there are also parliamentary elections scheduled.

Vucic's opponents accuse him and his allies of ties to organised crime, violence against rivals and curbing media freedoms, something they deny.

The student protest is set to last until 9 p.m. (1900 GMT) at Slavija Square and Nemanjina Avenue, where most of the government offices are located.

The protesters, who want the government to heed their demands by the end of the protest, have pledged non-violence.

Vucic has previously refused snap elections. His Progressive Party-led coalition holds 156 of 250 parliamentary seats.

On Saturday, Vucic said unspecified "foreign powers" were behind the protest. He said police should be restrained, but warned that violence will not be tolerated.

“The country will be defended, and thugs will face justice,” he told reporters in Belgrade.

Sladjana Lojanovic, 37, a farmer from the town of Sid in the north, said she came to support students.

"The institutions have been usurped and ... there is a lot of corruption. Elections are the solution, but I don't think he (Vucic) will want to go peacefully," she told Reuters.

In the days ahead of the protest, police arrested about a dozen anti-government activists, charging them with undermining the constitution and terrorism. All denied the charges.

Protests by students, opposition, teachers, workers and farmers began last December after 16 people died on November 1 in a Novi Sad railway station roof collapse. Protesters blame corruption for the disaster.

The Belgrade rally coincides with St. Vitus Day, venerated by most Serbs, which marks the 1389 Battle of Kosovo with Ottoman Turks.


Serbian protesters mark Vidovdan with calls to end president's 12-year rule


/ Tatyana Kekic\
By Tatyana Kekic in Belgrade June 28, 2025


Tens of thousands of protesters, led by students and anti-corruption activists, flooded the streets of Belgrade on June 28, calling for snap parliamentary elections and an end to President Aleksandar Vucic’s 12-year rule.

Gathering on Slavija Square in the Serbian capital, demonstrators marked Vidovdan, one of Serbia’s most politically symbolic dates, with a protest that showed widespread dissatisfaction with the government. The protest remained peaceful throughout the day, tensions flared after 10:30 p.m.

The government claimed the turnout was around 36,000, though aerial images and ground reports suggest significantly higher numbers, with crowds overflowing from the city’s main junction into surrounding streets. The Archive of Public Gatherings estimated that around 140,000 people were present.

“The ultimatum has expired,” student organisers declared toward the end of the protest, referring to a 9:00 p.m. deadline they had set for the government to announce elections or face a wave of civil disobedience.

The demonstration took place amid escalating rhetoric and security crackdowns from the government. In the days leading up to the protest, Serbian authorities arrested several individuals they accused of plotting a violent coup. State-aligned media aired reports of discovered weapons, dubbing it proof of what Vučić’s Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) called a “colour revolution” backed by foreign actors.

Despite fears of unrest, the protest unfolded peacefully through most of the day — mirroring the tone of previous mass demonstrations this year. Trains into the capital were suspended following a reported bomb threat, in what critics saw as a bid to suppress turnout. Still, convoys of motorbikes and cars with out-of-town license plates poured into Belgrade, with bikers assembling outside the IKEA on the highway before joining the march.

“Today, June 28, 2025, we declare the current government illegitimate,” a student protester said from the stage. “In the last 13 years, we have witnessed the collapse of all fundamental institutions. There is no area where corruption has not entered.”

The protest, timed to coincide with Vidovdan — the anniversary of the 1389 Battle of Kosovo — carries deep historical and political weight. The date also marks other pivotal moments in Serbian history, including the 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the 1948 expulsion of Yugoslavia from the Cominform, and the 2001 extradition of Slobodan Milosevic to The Hague.

That symbolism was not lost on either the demonstrators or the state. “Students are our only true comrades-in-arms,” said Nenad Stanić, a veteran of the 1999 Battle of Košare, addressing the crowd. “There is no giving up, no withdrawal, no surrender and no turning back.”

Individuals from all walks of life attended the rally — veterans, students, bikers, pensioners, and celebrities such as former basketball stars Dejan Koturovic and Dejan Bodiroga. The rector of the University of Belgrade, Vladan Dokic, addressed the crowd, warning of a country turning away from democratic and cultural values. “Everyone here can see the kind of crisis the country is sinking into, which rejects those values, underestimates knowledge and culture, destroys institutions,” he said.

The protest followed a smaller pro-government rally near Pionirski Park, organised by the SNS. Authorities quickly dismissed the opposition gathering as a failure, claiming the turnout was three times smaller than that of the March protests.

In an increasingly defensive tone, President Vucic continues to frame dissent as foreign interference. He is currently writing what he describes as a “manual” for defending sovereign governments against colour revolutions. On a recent trip to the UAE, he claimed that Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed al-Nahyan expressed interest in publishing the book in the Arab market — a gesture Vucic said meant a great deal to him.

“I will write it personally, no one else will write it,” Vucic told TV Pink earlier this year. “I believe it will be one of the best-selling books in the world... a textbook on how enemies of free countries are organised, how they bribe people in your country, how they train them.”

Critics have pointed to what they call increasingly surreal claims by the president, including suggestions that “blockaders” — many of whom were children or not yet born in 2001 — were responsible for orchestrating the extradition of Milosevic.

Late in the evening, clashes broke out between protesters and police as authorities attempted to prevent crowds from moving towards the Presidency where pro-government demonstrators had earlier gathered. Student organisers announced they no longer had control over the situation after riot police used tear gas and pepper spray to push back crowds. 

Members of the Gendarmerie used megaphones to demand that protesters leave or face intervention. According to independent outlet N1, journalists were injured in the scuffles. Firecrackers and cannon shots were reportedly thrown, and masked individuals clashed with riot police, with some throwing flares to break through police cordons — marking a rare escalation after months of largely peaceful demonstrations.

After eight months of tireless protest and government evasion, students are still able to mobilise tens of thousands to the streets. The longer the protests continue, however, the greater chance there is for incidents and clashes with the police. For President Vucic, the only off-ramp may lie at the ballot box.

Ancient Blueprint For Human Bodies Discovered in Sea Anemones

Michael Irving
Sat, June 28, 2025 


Starlet Sea Anemone Nematostella Vectensis

Sea anemones may look alien, but scientists just found out they're hiding an ancient body 'blueprint' – one that most animals, including humans, still follow. The discovery could shake up the timeline of evolution.

You might not be familiar with the term 'bilaterian,' although you are one. These are creatures with a body plan that's symmetrical along a single plane: from worms to whales, ants to elephants, and humans to hummingbirds.

Another major animal body plan is radial symmetry, meaning these creatures organize their bodies around a central axis. Picture a jellyfish, and then try to figure out which side is the 'front', and you'll likely understand.

Most animals belonging to the cnidaria phylum, which includes invertebrates like jellyfish, sea anemones, and corals, have this body plan.


The moon jelly (Aurelia) is radially symmetrical. (Oleg Kovtun Hydrobio/Canva)

But the categories aren't as neat as biologists might like them to be. Although it's a cnidarian, the sea anemone shows bilateral symmetry, which raises the question of when the feature evolved, and how many times.

To find out, researchers at the University of Vienna in Austria conducted experiments on starlet sea anemones (Nematostella vectensis) to see how they develop as embryos.

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is crucial to how bilaterians build their bodies. Essentially, a gradient of BMP tells developing cells what tissues they should become, based on where in the body they are.

In some bilaterians, like frogs and flies, this gradient is created thanks to another protein called chordin shuttling BMP around the body.


Without the protein chordin, the BMP gradient couldn't be created.
 (David Mörsdorf/Grigory Genikhovich)

The team found that sea anemones also use this BMP shuttling mechanism. That suggests that the mechanism evolved before bilaterians and cnidarians diverged, more than 600 million years ago.

"The fact that not only bilaterians but also sea anemones use shuttling to shape their body axes tells us that this mechanism is incredibly ancient," says developmental biologist David Mörsdorf, first author of the study.

"It opens up exciting possibilities for rethinking how body plans evolved in early animals."
Dwarf sperm whale: The 'pint-size whales' that gush gallons of intestinal fluid when surprised

LIKE SEA CUCUMBERS


Melissa Hobson
Sat, June 28, 2025
LIVE SCIENCE


Dwarf sperm whales release their intestinal fluid when startled, similar to a squid releasing ink. . | Credit: St Petersburg Times/ZUMAPRESS.com via Alamy

QUICK FACTS

Name: Dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima)

Where it lives: Tropical and temperate waters around the world.

What it eats: Deep-sea squid, octopuses, crustaceans and fish.

Dwarf sperm whales have an unusual way to protect themselves if they come under attack. When they feel threatened, these tiny whales release their intestinal fluid, turning the water red.

Growing up to 8 feet 10 inches (2.7 meters) long, they are the smallest species of whale. They are even smaller than some dolphins, such as Risso’s dolphins (Grampus griseus) which can reach 13 feet (4 meters) and bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus), which grow to around 12 feet (3.8 meters). These animals look so similar to pygmy sperm whales (Kogia breviceps) that it's challenging to tell the two apart. They were even believed to be the same species until 1966.

At the surface, they don't usually approach boats, which makes them very hard to study. The life of these toothed whales is typically unhurried. According to the Whale and Dolphin Conservation, they tend to travel at a steady pace, and drift gently back under the water when they’re ready to go back to deeper waters.

They only dive suddenly when they're startled. If this happens, they also release their intestinal fluid, potentially in defense or as a reaction to feeling nervous — like a squid releasing ink.


No other whales, except pygmy sperm whales, use this tactic to escape from danger.




"Each dwarf sperm whale has a sac filled with dark liquid in its intestine," representatives from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries wrote. "The whale can release more than three gallons [11 liters] of dark, reddish-brown liquid — or ink — from this sac."

This cloud darkens the water, making it harder for the predator to see, which helps the tiny whale to make its getaway.

Their predators include large sharks and orcas (orcinus orca), and these pint-size whales are also threatened by entanglement, vessel strikes, and pollution.

Dwarf sperm whales can live to around 22 years old. Although little is known about their social behaviors, they are usually seen in small pods of no more than 16 whales.

They prefer deep waters and can dive to over 1,000 feet (300 meters) to find food. They eat a variety of deep-sea squid, octopus, crabs, and fish — using echolocation to track down their prey. They are often found near continental shelves where they have access to lots of their food sources.

Sudden loss of key US satellite data could send hurricane forecasting back ‘decades’


Eric Holthaus
Sat, June 28, 2025 
THE GUARDIAN


Tropical analysis meteorologist looks at monitors at Noaa’s National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida, on 30 May.
Photograph: Marco Bello/Reuters

A critical US atmospheric data collection program will be halted by Monday, giving weather forecasters just days to prepare, according to a public notice sent this week. Scientists that the Guardian spoke with say the change could set hurricane forecasting back “decades”, just as this year’s season ramps up.

In a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) message sent on Wednesday to its scientists, the agency said that “due to recent service changes” the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) will “discontinue ingest, processing and distribution of all DMSP data no later than June 30, 2025”.

Due to their unique characteristics and ability to map the entire world twice a day with extremely high resolution, the three DMSP satellites are a primary source of information for scientists to monitor Arctic sea ice and hurricane development. The DMSP partners with Noaa to make weather data collected from the satellites publicly available.


The reasons for the changes, and which agency was driving them, were not immediately clear. Noaa said they would not affect the quality of forecasting.

However, the Guardian spoke with several scientists inside and outside of the US government whose work depends on the DMSP, and all said there are no other US programs that can form an adequate replacement for its data.

“We’re a bit blind now,” said Allison Wing, a hurricane researcher at Florida State University. Wing said the DMSP satellites are the only ones that let scientists see inside the clouds of developing hurricanes, giving them a critical edge in forecasting that now may be jeopardized.

“Before these types of satellites were present, there would often be situations where you’d wake up in the morning and have a big surprise about what the hurricane looked like,” said Wing. “Given increases in hurricane intensity and increasing prevalence towards rapid intensification in recent years, it’s not a good time to have less information.”

The satellites also formed a unique source of data for tracking changes to the Arctic and Antarctic, and had been tracking changes to polar sea ice continuously for more than 40 years.

“These are some of the regions that are changing the fastest around the planet,” said Carlos Moffat, an oceanographer at the University of Delaware who had been working on a research project in Antarctica that depended on DMSP data. “This new announcement about the sea ice data really amounts to blinding ourselves and preventing us from observing these critical systems.”

Researchers say the satellites themselves are operating normally and do not appear to have suffered any errors that would physically prevent the data from continuing to be collected and distributed, so the abrupt data halt might have been an intentional decision.

“It’s pretty shocking,” Moffat said. “It’s hard to imagine what would be the logic of removing access now and in such a sudden manner that it’s just impossible to plan for. I certainly don’t know of any other previous cases where we’re taking away data that is being collected, and we’re just removing it from public access.”

The loss of DMSP comes as Noaa’s weather and climate monitoring services have become critically understaffed this year as Donald Trump’s so-called “department of government efficiency” (Doge) initiative has instilled draconian cuts to federal environmental programs.

A current Noaa scientist who wishes to remain anonymous for fear of retaliation said that the action to halt the DMSP, when taken in context with other recent moves by the Trump administration, amounted to “a systematic destruction of science”.

The researcher also confirmed that federal hurricane forecasters were left unprepared for the sudden change with only a few days of notice.

“It’s an instant loss of roughly half of our capabilities,” said the scientist. “You can’t expect us to make accurate forecasts and warnings when you take the useful tools away. It frankly is an embarrassment for the government to pursue a course with less data and just pretend everything will be OK.”

Scientists said the decision to halt the DMSP will result in immediately degraded hurricane forecasts during what is expected to be an above-average season as well as a gap in monitoring sea ice – just as Arctic sea ice is hitting new record lows.

Given increases in hurricane intensity and increasing prevalence towards rapid intensification ... it’s not a good time to have less information

Allison Wing, hurricane researcher

“This is a huge hit to our forecasting capabilities this season and beyond, especially our ability to predict rapid intensification or estimate the strength of storms in the absence of hurricane hunters,” said Michael Lowry, a meteorologist who has worked at Noaa’s National Hurricane Center and with the Federal Emergency Management Agency. “The permanent discontinuation of data from these satellites is senseless, reckless and puts at risk the lives of tens of millions of Americans living in hurricane alley.”

The DMSP dates back to 1963, when the Department of Defense determined a need for high-resolution cloud forecasts to help them plan spy missions. The program, which had been the longest-running weather satellite initiative in the federal government, has since evolved into a critical source of information not just on the inner workings of hurricanes, but also on polar sea ice, wildfires, solar flares and the aurora.

In recent years, the DMSP had struggled to maintain consistent funding and priority within the Department of Defense as it transitioned away from its cold war mission. The only other nation with similar satellite capability is Japan, and messages posted earlier in June indicate that scientists had already been considering a switch to the Japanese data in case of a DMSP outage – though that transition will take time.

Related: ‘Flying blind’: Florida weatherman tells viewers Trump cuts will harm forecasts

Neither Noaa nor the Department of Defense specified exactly which service changes may have prompted such a critical program to be so abruptly halted.\

In a statement to the Guardian, Noaa’s communications director, Kim Doster, said: “The DMSP is a single dataset in a robust suite of hurricane forecasting and modeling tools in the National Weather Service portfolio. This routine process of data rotation and replacement would go unnoticed in past administrations, but the media is insistent on criticizing the great work that Noaa and its dedicated scientists perform every day.

“Noaa’s data sources are fully capable of providing a complete suite of cutting-edge data and models that ensure the gold-standard weather forecasting the American people deserve.”

One Noaa source the Guardian spoke to said the loss of DMSP’s high-resolution data could not be replaced by any other existing Noaa tool.

A statement from an official at US space force, which is part of the Department of Defense, said: “The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (Noaa) operates the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) for the DoD on behalf of the US Space Force, who has satellite control authority.”

The official went on to say that Noaa receives the data from the US navy’s Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) and added: “While the Space Force does provide DMSP data and processing software to DoD users, to include the US Navy, questions about the reasons for FNMOC’s changes to DMSP data processing should be directed to the Navy.

“Even as FNMOC is making a change on their end, the posture on sharing DMSP data has not changed. Noaa has been making this DMSP data publicly available, and many non-DoD entities use this data that is originally processed by FNMOC.

“DMSP satellites and instruments are still functional. The data provided to FNMOC is just one way the DoD uses DMSP data. DoD users (including the Navy) will continue to receive and operationally use DMSP data sent to weather satellite direct readout terminals across the DoD.”

The Guardian is approaching the US navy for comment.

The government cuts key data used in hurricane forecasting, and experts sound an alarm

ALEXA ST. JOHN
Fri, June 27, 2025
AP


FILE - A property owner, who preferred not to give his name, peers into the remains of the second floor unit where he lived with his wife while renting out the other units, on Manasota Key, in Englewood, Fla., following the passage of Hurricane Milton, Oct. 13, 2024. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell, File)More

Weather experts are warning that hurricane forecasts will be severely hampered by the upcoming cutoff of key data from U.S. Department of Defense satellites, the latest Trump administration move with potential consequences for the quality of forecasting.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said it would discontinue the “ingest, processing and distribution” of data collected by three weather satellites that the agency jointly runs with the Defense Department. The data is used by scientists, researchers and forecasters, including at the National Hurricane Center.

It wasn’t immediately clear why the government planned to cut off the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's microwave data by Monday. The Defense Department referred questions to the Air Force, which referred them to the Navy, which did not immediately provide comment.

NOAA spokesperson Kim Doster, in a statement, called it a “routine process of data rotation and replacement” and said that the remaining data sources “are fully capable of providing a complete set of cutting-edge data and models that ensure the gold-standard weather forecasting the American people deserve.”

Traditional visible or infrared satellites provide data that becomes images showing the structure, intensity and temperature of a storm, according to NOAA information, along with features such as lightning. But those miss the three-dimensional details of a storm. The microwave data gives critical information that can't be gleaned from the conventional satellites, and helps peer under a regular image of a hurricane or a tropical cyclone to see what is going on inside of it. It is especially helpful at night.

The news is especially noteworthy during the ongoing hurricane season and as lesser storms have become more frequent, deadly and costly as climate change is worsened by the burning of fossil fuels.

Microwave imagery allows researchers and forecasters to see the center of the storm. Experts say that can help in detecting the rapid intensification of storms and in more accurately plotting the likely path of dangerous weather.

“If a hurricane, let’s say, is approaching the Gulf Coast, it’s a day away from making landfall, it’s nighttime,” said Union of Concerned Scientists science fellow Marc Alessi. "We will no longer be able to say, OK, this storm is definitely undergoing rapid intensification, we need to update our forecasts to reflect that.”

Other microwave data will be available but only roughly half as much, hurricane specialist Michael Lowry said in a blog post. He said that greatly increases the odds that forecasters will miss rapid intensification, underestimate intensity or misplace the storm.

That “will severely impede and degrade hurricane forecasts for this season and beyond, affecting tens of millions of Americans who live along its hurricane-prone shorelines,” he said.

University of Miami hurricane researcher Brian McNoldy called the loss of data “alarmingly bad news” in a post on Bluesky.

“Microwave data are already relatively sparse, so any loss — even gradual as satellites or instruments fail — is a big deal; but to abruptly end three active functioning satellites is insanity.”

NOAA and its National Weather Service office have been the target of several cuts and changes in President Donald Trump's second term. The Department of Government Efficiency gutted the agency's workforce, local field offices and funding.

Already, hurricane forecasts were anticipated to be less accurate this year because weather balloons launches have been curtailed because of the lack of staffing.

“What happened this week is another attempt by the Trump administration to sabotage our weather and climate infrastructure,” Alessi said.

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Alexa St. John is an Associated Press climate reporter. Follow her on X: @alexa_stjohn. Reach her at ast.john@ap.org.

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Read more of AP’s climate coverage at http://www.apnews.com/climate-and-environment

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The Associated Press’ climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP’s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org.

Could hurricane forecasts get worse due to new government cuts?

Stephanie Weaver
Fri, June 27, 2025 
FOC NEWS

The Brief

NOAA said it would stop collecting and distributing data from three weather satellites that it jointly runs with the Defense Department.


The data is used by scientists, researchers and forecasters, including at the National Hurricane Center.

Hurricane forecasts may become worse due to the upcoming cutoff of key data from U.S. Department of Defense satellites, experts are warning.

The move is the latest Trump administration push that could affect the quality of forecasting.
Could government cuts affect hurricane forecasts?

What we know

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) said it would discontinue the "ingest, processing and distribution" of data collected by three weather satellites that the agency jointly runs with the Defense Department by June 30.

The data is used by scientists, researchers and forecasters, including at the National Hurricane Center.

The microwave data gives critical information that can't be gleaned from the conventional satellites, and helps peer under a regular image of a hurricane or a tropical cyclone to see what is going on inside of it. It is especially helpful at night.

Microwave imagery also allows researchers and forecasters to see the center of the storm. Experts say that can help in detecting the rapid intensification of storms and in more accurately plotting the likely path of dangerous weather.

What we don't know

According to The Associated Press, it wasn’t immediately clear why the government planned to cut off the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's microwave data by Monday. The Defense Department referred questions to the Air Force, which referred them to the Navy, which did not immediately provide comment.
NOAA spokesperson calls cut off ‘routine process’

What they're saying

NOAA spokesperson Kim Doster, in a statement, called it a "routine process of data rotation and replacement" and said that the remaining data sources "are fully capable of providing a complete set of cutting-edge data and models that ensure the gold-standard weather forecasting the American people deserve."

The other side

"If a hurricane, let’s say, is approaching the Gulf Coast, it’s a day away from making landfall, it’s nighttime," Union of Concerned Scientists science fellow Marc Alessi, told the AP. "We will no longer be able to say, OK, this storm is definitely undergoing rapid intensification, we need to update our forecasts to reflect that."

Other microwave data will be available but only roughly half as much, hurricane specialist Michael Lowry said in a blog post. He said that greatly increases the odds that forecasters will miss rapid intensification, underestimate intensity or misplace the storm.


In this NASA handout, Hurricane Milton, a Category 5 storm at the time of this photograph, is pictured in the Gulf of Mexico off the coast of Yucatan Peninsula on October 8, 2024 seen from the International Space Station as it orbited 257 miles above
 (Credit: NASA via Getty Images)
That "will severely impede and degrade hurricane forecasts for this season and beyond, affecting tens of millions of Americans who live along its hurricane-prone shorelines," he said.

The Inertia

University of Miami hurricane researcher Brian McNoldy called the loss of data "alarmingly bad news" in a post on Bluesky.

"Microwave data are already relatively sparse, so any loss — even gradual as satellites or instruments fail — is a big deal; but to abruptly end three active functioning satellites is insanity."

NOAA job cuts

The backstory

Massive job cuts at NOAA have raised concerns among scientists and former agency heads, who warn the layoffs could compromise weather forecasts, disaster response, and key economic sectors.

The first wave of firings, carried out in February, marked a significant reduction in NOAA’s workforce. The agency is esponsible for issuing weather warnings, tracking hurricanes, supporting wildfire response, and providing oceanic and atmospheric data used across industries.

The NOAA workforce is responsible for producing more than 300 billion weather forecasts each year, reaching 96% of American households.

With 122 local offices, the agency also provides seasonal forecasts for farmers, aviation weather alerts for pilots, and oceanic data for the shipping industry.

The Source

This story was reported from Los Angeles. The Associated Press, previous FOX Local reporting contributed.

Hurricane forecast accuracy at risk as Pentagon cuts satellite data

Xavier Walton
Fri, June 27, 2025 


(NewsNation) — As peak hurricane season looms, the Department of Defense has announced the abrupt shutdown of a program that delivers crucial satellite data, leaving meteorologists scrambling.

Starting Monday, the Pentagon will no longer accept, process or transmit real-time data collected aboard three weather satellites.

Forecasters have raised serious concerns, warning they’ll only receive about half of the data they’re used to, which they say will be problematic for tracking real-time data from satellites jointly run by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Pentagon.
Lives could be lost without Pentagon data: Forecaster

Meteorologists have warned the move will severely impede and degrade hurricane forecasts, leading to potentially dire consequences for tens of millions of Americans living in hurricane-prone areas.

Video: Tornado nearly flips Florida home with woman still inside

“There are going to be cases this year when certain warnings are delayed because of this,” said James Franklin, retired National Hurricane Center branch chief. “It might mean that evacuations get delayed because of this, and you could lose lives because of this.”

Without satellite imagery, hurricane experts have warned of an increased risk of “sunrise surprises” — storms that appear manageable at night before rapidly intensifying, gaining speed and potentially becoming more powerful before dawn.
NOAA forecasts nearly 20 storms this hurricane season

The National Hurricane Center said the decision caught them off guard but that they are working to prepare.

NewsNation reached out to the Department of Defense for an explanation and was referred to the Air Force, which then redirected questions to the Navy. So far, no agency has provided a clear explanation for why the shutdown is happening or why it is happening 

Franklin said warmer-than-usual ocean waters are expected to fuel another hectic hurricane season in the Atlantic.

NOAA predicts 13 to 19 named storms this season, with six to 10 becoming hurricanes and three to five reaching major status with winds of more than 110 mph.
Weather centers lost employees across US

Weather forecasting offices across the country have been hit by significant staffing shortages.

Many National Weather Service centers no longer operate 24 hours a day, and the Environmental Modeling Center has seen significant personnel cuts. Since there aren’t employees to launch weather balloons twice a day, they have also lost that critical part of the satellite toolbox.

Even hurricane reconnaissance flights, known as “hurricane hunters,” can only fill part of the gap.

With half the usual data and limited staff, forecasters say this hurricane season could be especially dangerous. And with an above-average number of storms expected, the timing couldn’t be worse.

Copyright 2025 Nexstar Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.

Meteorologists are losing vital tool for forecasting hurricanes as the season starts

MATTHEW GLASSER and KYLE REIMAN
Sat, June 28, 2025 

Meteorologists are losing a sophisticated tool that many say has proved invaluable when monitoring and forecasting hurricanes.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) announced in a service change notice this week that it would be ending the importing, processing and distribution of data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS).

"This service change and termination will be permanent," wrote NOAA.

The SSMIS instruments are part of three weather satellites in low-Earth orbit and are maintained by NOAA in cooperation with the United States Department of Defense. The SSMIS provides critical weather information that can't yet be replaced by other satellites and weather instruments, according to NOAA.


NOAA's GOES-16 satellite captured this image of Hurricane Irma passing the eastern end of Cuba at about 8:00 am on Sept. 8, 2017.

The tool offers forecasters the ability to examine the inner workings of active tropical systems and understand their behavior. Specifically, SSMIS uses microwaves to penetrate clouds and obtain a clearer picture of the inner structure of a tropical cyclone, including its exact center.

Other weather satellites use visible and infrared imagery, which can only capture surface-level details of the cloud tops rather than what's happening inside the cyclone. These satellites are also ineffective after sunset when it's too dark to see and when direct observations over open water are scarce. Forecasters, therefore, rely on the data collected from the SSMIS system during these periods.

The SSMIS data not only allows forecasters to better monitor the current progress of a tropical cyclone but also to identify the center of the system for weather forecast models.


Marco Bello/Reuters - PHOTO: Tropical analysis meteorologist Aidan Mahoney looks at monitors as he works at his station at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Hurricane Center in Miami, May 30, 2025.More

Weather forecast models are sensitive to initial weather conditions and rely on multiple sources of accurate weather data for forecasting. Any degradation or discontinuity in the data, whether in terms of quality or quantity, could negatively affect the model's forecasting skill, scientists warn.

While there is other microwave data available to forecasters, SSMIS accounts for almost half of all microwave instruments, which would dramatically reduce the data available to forecasters. In a worst-case scenario, forecasters say it could lead to missing a tropical system that intensifies overnight, which would not be apparent from using infrared satellite imagery alone.

The SSMIS system is part of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), which is operated by NOAA on behalf of the Defense Department's Space Force, which has satellite control authority

The DMSP program focuses on the design, development, launch, and maintenance of satellites that track weather patterns, oceanic conditions and solar-terrestrial physics.

A Space Force official told ABC News the U.S. Navy is responsible for processing the SSMIS data and providing it to NOAA and they are referring all questions about the decision to the Navy, which did not immediately respond to ABC News' request for comment.


NOAA - PHOTO: A screen grab of the NOAA website shows the announcement of the DSMP program being suspended no later than June 30, 2025.

In a statement, a Space Force official wrote that "satellites and instruments are still functional." The official added that Department of Defense users, including the Navy, "will continue to receive and operationally use DMSP data sent to weather satellite direct readout terminals across the DoD."

Scientists from around the country, meanwhile, expressed their concerns about the decision, stating that it will negatively impact the weather community's capabilities and accuracy in tracking life-threatening cyclones.


USSF - PHOTO: An artist's rendition of a DMSP satellite orbiting Earth.

Matthew Cappucci, an atmospheric scientist and senior meteorologist at @MyRadarWX wrote on X, "Please be aware that this change can and will have a negative impact on the forecasts relied upon by Americans living in hurricane-prone areas."

Michael Lowry, a hurricane specialist at ABC affiliate WPLG in Miami, wrote on his Substack blog, "The permanent discontinuation of data from the Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMIS) will severely impede and degrade hurricane forecasts for this season and beyond, affecting tens of millions of Americans who live along its hurricane-prone shorelines."

And Brian McNoldy, a hurricane researcher at the University of Miami, wrote on Bluesky that "For anyone near a hurricane-prone area, this is alarmingly bad news."

Space Force told ABC News that while the U.S. Navy's Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC) "is making a change on their end, the posture on sharing DMSP data has not changed," noting that NOAA has been making DMSP data publicly available, and that many non-Defense Department entities use this data.

Deep cuts to hurricane data could leave forecasters in the dark

Evan Bush
Fri, June 27, 2025
NBC


An artist’s rendition of a DMSP satellite orbiting Earth. (U.S. Space Force )


Forecasters are set to lose some of their sharpest eyes in the sky just a few months before Atlantic hurricane season peaks when the Department of Defense halts a key source of satellite data over cybersecurity concerns.

The data comes from microwave sensors attached to three aging polar-orbiting satellites operated for both military and civilian purposes. Data from the sensors is critical to hurricane forecasters because it allows them to peer through layers of clouds and into the center of a storm, where rain and thunderstorms develop, even at night. The sensors don’t rely on visible light.

Losing the data — at a time when the National Weather Service is releasing fewer weather balloons and the agency is short on meteorologists because of budget cuts — will make it more likely that forecasters miss key developments in a hurricane, several hurricane experts said. Those changes help meteorologists determine what level of threat a storm may pose and therefore how emergency managers ought to prepare. Microwave data offers some of the earliest indications that sustained winds are strengthening inside a storm.

“It’s really the instrument that allows us to look under the hood. It’s definitely a significant loss. There’s no doubt at all hurricane forecasts will be degraded because of this,” said Brian McNoldy, a hurricane researcher and senior research associate at the University of Miami’s Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science. “They’re able to detect when an eye wall forms in a tropical storm and if it’s intensifying — or rapidly intensifying.”

Researchers think rapid intensification is becoming more likely in tropical storms as the oceans warm as a result of human-caused climate change.

The three satellites are operated for both military and civilian purposes through the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, a joint effort of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Department of Defense.

While hurricane experts said they were concerned about losing the tool, Kim Doster, NOAA’s communications director, downplayed the decision’s effect on hurricane forecasting by the National Weather Service.

In an email, Doster said the military’s microwave data “is a single dataset in a robust suite of hurricane forecasting and modeling tools in the NWS portfolio.”

Doster said these models include data from geostationary satellites — a different system that constantly observes Earth from about 22,300 miles away and offers a vantage point that appears fixed because the satellites synchronize with Earth’s rotation.

They also ingest measurements from Hurricane Hunter aircraft missions, buoys, weather balloons, land-based radar and from other polar-orbiting satellites, including NOAA’s Joint Polar Satellite System, which she said provides “the richest, most accurate satellite weather observations available.”

A U.S. Space Force official said the satellites and their instruments in question remain functional and that the data will be sent directly to weather satellite readout terminals across the DOD. The Navy’s Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center made the decision to stop processing that data and sharing it publicly, the official said.


Visible and infrared images show Hurricane Erick as it intensified from a Category 2 storm on June 18. (CIMSS)

The Navy did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

Earlier this week, a division of the Navy notified researchers that it would cease to process and share the data on or before June 30, and some researchers received an email from the Navy’s Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center, saying that its data storage and sharing program relied on a processing station that was using an “end-of-life” operating system with vulnerabilities.

“The operating system cannot be upgraded, poses a cybersecurity concern, and introduces risk to DoD networks,” the email, which was reviewed by NBC News, said.

The move will cut the amount of microwave data available to forecasters in half, McNoldy estimated.

This microwave data is also used by snow and ice scientists to track the extent of polar sea ice, which helps scientists understand long-term climate trends. Sea ice forms from frozen ocean water. It grows in coverage during winter months and typically melts during warmer times of the year. Sea ice reflects sunlight back into space, which cools the planet. That makes it an important metric to track over time. The extent of summer Arctic sea ice is trending lower because of global warming.

Walt Meier, a senior research scientist at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, said his program learned of the Navy’s decision earlier this week.

Meier said the satellites and sensors are about 16 years old. Researchers have been preparing for them to eventually fail, but they weren’t expecting the military to pull the plug on data with little warning, he said.

Meier said the National Snow and Ice Data Center has relied on the military satellites for data on sea ice coverage since 1987, but will adapt its systems to use similar microwave data from a Japanese satellite, called AMSR-2, instead.

“It certainly could be a few weeks before we get that data into our system,” Meier said. “I don’t think it’s going to undermine our sea ice climate data record in terms of confidence in it, but it’s going to be more challenging.”

The polar-orbiting satellites that are part of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program provide intermittent coverage of hurricane-prone areas.

The satellites typically zip around the globe in a north-south orientation every 90-100 minutes in a relatively low orbit, Meier said. The microwave sensors scan across a narrow swath of the earth, which Meier estimated at roughly 1,500 miles.

As the Earth rotates, these polar-orbiting satellites can capture imagery that helps researchers determine the structure and potential intensity of a storm, if it happens to be in their path.

“It’s often just by luck, you’ll get a really nice pass over a hurricane,” McNoldy said, adding that the change will reduce the geographic area covered by microwave scans and the frequency of scans of a particular storm.

Andy Hazelton, a hurricane modeler and associate scientist with the University of Miami Cooperative Institute for Marine & Atmospheric Studies, said the microwave data is used in some hurricane models and also by forecasters who can access near real-time visualizations of the data.

Hazelton said forecasters are always looking for visual signatures in microwave data that often provide the first evidence a storm is rapidly intensifying and building strength.

The National Hurricane Center defines rapid intensification as a 35-mph or higher increase in sustained winds inside a tropical storm within 24 hours. Losing the microwave data is particularly important now because in recent years, scientists have observed an increase in rapid intensification, a trend likely fueled in part by climate change as ocean waters warm.

A 2023 study published the journal Scientific Reports found that tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean were about 29% more likely to undergo rapid intensification from 2001 to 2020, compared to 1971 to 1990. Last year, Hurricane Milton strengthened from a tropical storm to a Category 5 hurricane in just 36 hours. Some of that increase took place overnight, when other satellite instruments offer less information.


Hurricane Milton, a Category 5 storm at the time of this photograph, in the Gulf of Mexico off the Yucatán Peninsula on Oct. 8, as seen from the International Space Station. (NASA / Getty Images)

The trend is particularly dangerous when a storm, like Hurricane Idalia, intensifies just before striking the coast.


“We’ve certainly seen in recent years many cases of rapid intensification ahead of landfall. That’s the kind of thing you really don’t want to miss,” McNoldy said, adding that microwave data is “excellent at giving the important extra 12 hours of lead time to see the inner core changes happening.”

Brian LaMarre, the former meteorologist-in-charge at the National Weather Service’s weather forecasting station in Tampa Bay, said the data is also useful for predicting flood impacts as a hurricane comes ashore.

“That scan can help predict where the heavier precipitation and rainfall rates can be,” LaMarre said. “This data is critically important to public safety.”

Hurricane season begins June 1 and ends Nov. 30. It typically starts to peak in late summer and early fall. NOAA forecasters have predicted a more busy 2025 hurricane season than typical, with six to 10 hurricanes.