FRENCH ELECTION
Mbappe says 'urgent' need to vote after 'catastrophic' French results
Hamburg (AFP) – France captain Kylian Mbappe said Thursday it was "really urgent" to vote in the second round of legislative elections in the country after the far-right National Rally emerged as the biggest party in last weekend's first round.
Issued on: 04/07/2024 -
Hamburg (AFP) – France captain Kylian Mbappe said Thursday it was "really urgent" to vote in the second round of legislative elections in the country after the far-right National Rally emerged as the biggest party in last weekend's first round.
Issued on: 04/07/2024 -
Kylian Mbappe has called on French voters to turn out and vote against the far-right National Rally © OZAN KOSE / AFP/File
"I think more than ever we need to go out and vote. We can't leave our country in the hands of these people," Mbappe said at a press conference in Hamburg ahead of France's Euro 2024 quarter-final against Portugal there on Friday.
"It is really urgent. We have seen the results, they are catastrophic. I hope it changes and that everyone goes out and votes, and votes for the right people."
The second round of voting takes place on Sunday, with the National Rally (RN) hoping to win a majority of the 577 seats in France's National Assembly.
If the party achieves that, their 28-year-old leader Jordan Bardella would be set to become the country's prime minister.
Mbappe did not cite the RN during his press conference, but he did take a humorous approach to the subject during an exchange with a journalist.
When the reporter tried to make himself visible to Mbappe by pointing out that he was on the far left of the room, the player replied: "Fortunately you are not on the other side".
New polls have projected that the RN will fall short of total victory in the elections as the centre and left make local pacts aimed at thwarting the far-right's rise to power.
Mbappe has led the voices in the France team at the Euros who have spoken out against the far-right.
"This is a crucial moment in the history of our country, an unprecedented situation," Mbappe, 25, said just before France's opening match at the tournament last month.
He added that he was "against extremes and against divisive ideas".
Teammates Marcus Thuram and Jules Kounde have spoken out against the far-right too, while Aurelien Tchouameni declared himself against "extremes", like Mbappe.
The president of the French Football Federation, Philippe Diallo, this week told AFP that the organisation was happy for the players to have "freedom of expression" but that it must itself remain "neutral".
Mbappe is leaving Paris Saint-Germain to move to Spanish giants Real Madrid next season.
© 2024 AFP
"I think more than ever we need to go out and vote. We can't leave our country in the hands of these people," Mbappe said at a press conference in Hamburg ahead of France's Euro 2024 quarter-final against Portugal there on Friday.
"It is really urgent. We have seen the results, they are catastrophic. I hope it changes and that everyone goes out and votes, and votes for the right people."
The second round of voting takes place on Sunday, with the National Rally (RN) hoping to win a majority of the 577 seats in France's National Assembly.
If the party achieves that, their 28-year-old leader Jordan Bardella would be set to become the country's prime minister.
Mbappe did not cite the RN during his press conference, but he did take a humorous approach to the subject during an exchange with a journalist.
When the reporter tried to make himself visible to Mbappe by pointing out that he was on the far left of the room, the player replied: "Fortunately you are not on the other side".
New polls have projected that the RN will fall short of total victory in the elections as the centre and left make local pacts aimed at thwarting the far-right's rise to power.
Mbappe has led the voices in the France team at the Euros who have spoken out against the far-right.
"This is a crucial moment in the history of our country, an unprecedented situation," Mbappe, 25, said just before France's opening match at the tournament last month.
He added that he was "against extremes and against divisive ideas".
Teammates Marcus Thuram and Jules Kounde have spoken out against the far-right too, while Aurelien Tchouameni declared himself against "extremes", like Mbappe.
The president of the French Football Federation, Philippe Diallo, this week told AFP that the organisation was happy for the players to have "freedom of expression" but that it must itself remain "neutral".
Mbappe is leaving Paris Saint-Germain to move to Spanish giants Real Madrid next season.
© 2024 AFP
Greens leader Marine Tondelier emerges as key voice on French political scene
Issued on: 04/07/2024
Issued on: 04/07/2024
She is often seen in a shade of green and she is not afraid of speaking out… Marine Tondelier is the leader of the French Greens – part of the leftwing alliance formed to keep the far-right out of power. She has quickly emerged as one of the key voices of the alliance to come out louder as attention turns to the second round of the parliamentary vote.
01:28
Racism and xenophobia on the rise as French voters gear up for crucial election
France’s far-right National Rally (RN) has its best chance yet of clinching power in a second round of legislative elections on July 7, running on a platform that proposes restricting the rights of immigrants and dual nationals. The party’s surge is in step with a broader rise in racism and xenophobia, spurred by the preeminence of far-right ideas in public debate.
04/07/2024
‘Too many immigrants’
The lightning campaign, triggered by President Emmanuel Macron’s startling decision to dissolve the National Assembly, has exacerbated a broader rise in prejudice and racist attacks documented by France’s Commission nationale consultative des droits de l’homme (CNCDH), a state-backed human rights watchdog.
In its annual report published on June 27, the CNCDH flagged a 32% spike in racist attacks in 2023 and a record rise in anti-Semitic incidents – the latter attributed in large part to the fallout from the war in Gaza.
Citing a “significant deterioration in the perception of immigration”, the CNCDH said its tolerance index, which measures society’s openness to diversity, had slipped for the second year running – this time sharply – after years of steadily rising.
The report said 56% of people surveyed believe “there are too many immigrants in France”, up 7% from the level measured in spring 2022. A similar number, 51%, said they “don’t feel at home like they used to”, up 3% from the previous year.
More French than others
Staunchly anti-immigrant and broadly hostile towards France’s Muslims, Le Pen's party has succeeded in placing the subject of immigration at the crossroads of French voters’ top concerns, such as purchasing power, housing and crime, while also nurturing the idea that the French state is neglecting native French citizens.
“The focus used to be on immigrants supposedly ‘stealing’ French people’s jobs, but unemployment has dropped in recent years even as other crises have become more acute,” said Guerra. “The talk now is of immigrants enjoying priority access to social housing and benefits – which is not borne out by evidence.”
According to the CNCDH report, some 60% of people agree with the suggestion that “many immigrants come to France primarily to benefit from social security”. While 43% think that insecurity is mainly due to immigration, the number shoots up to 83% among RN supporters.
Asked whether “foreigners should have the same rights as French people”, only 52% said yes, a five-point drop from the previous year. The study also said 23% of people surveyed believe “the children of immigrants born in France are not really French”, up from 21.4% the previous year.
01:41
Jordan Bardella, RN’s candidate for prime minister, has confirmed the party’s plans to curtail the rights of French citizens with dual nationality to work in some defence, security and nuclear-industry jobs – a move critics say would be unconstitutional. Rights groups say the discriminatory measure signals the party’s intention to sort people by nationality, background or culture.
In the run-up to the July 7 runoffs, RN lawmaker Daniel Grenon, who is standing for reelection in Burgundy, caused outrage by declaring that the likes of Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, a former education minister who was born in Morocco and raised in France, had “no place holding high positions”.
‘A Jew as ophthalmologist’
Denon is hardly the only RN candidate facing scrutiny as the party stands on the threshold of power. Other questionable entries include a woman who has pulled from the high-stakes race over a photo of her wearing a World War II-era Nazi officer’s cap and another who wrote on social media that “gas brought justice to the victims of the Shoah”.
Asked about allegations that the party still has xenophobes and racists in its ranks, RN candidate Paule Veyre de Soras responded that it no longer did, before adding: “I myself am Catalan, my grandfather was born in Barcelona, I have a Jew as an ophthalmologist and, as a dentist, a Muslim.”
Read more'Black sheep' embarrass the National Rally ahead of decisive parliamentary vote
Tolerance of minorities also declined in 2023, according to the CNCDH report, dropping from 59 (out of 100) to 57 in the case of Muslims, and from 72 to 68 for Jews – a sharp fall attributed to the ongoing war in Gaza, which has resulted in a massive increase in the number of anti-Semitic incidents reported by French authorities and a variety of monitors.
There too, the report highlighted deep-seated prejudice regarding Jews’ purported double allegiance, with 42% of people surveyed stating that “Israel matters more to French Jews than France”.
On Wednesday, renowned Nazi hunter Serge Klarsfeld reiterated his advice that voters faced with a duel between Le Pen’s National Rally and the hard-left La France insoumise (LFI) should choose the far right. In an interview with AP, he accused the left-wing party of despising Israel and harbouring “anti-Semitic overtones”, a claim LFI vehemently denies.
The advice from Klarsfeld, an 88-year-old Jewish historian, goes against many other Jewish leaders and intellectuals in France who see fighting the National Rally as a top priority in Sunday's runoff vote.
In its report, the CNCDH flagged “the existence of anti-Semitism on the left, particularly the hard left”, though adding that it “bears no comparison with that observed on the far right and among people close to the National Rally”.
France’s far-right National Rally (RN) has its best chance yet of clinching power in a second round of legislative elections on July 7, running on a platform that proposes restricting the rights of immigrants and dual nationals. The party’s surge is in step with a broader rise in racism and xenophobia, spurred by the preeminence of far-right ideas in public debate.
04/07/2024
Protesters carry anti-racism signs at a rally against the far right in Paris on July 3, 2024. © Thomas Padilla, AP
By:Benjamin DODMAN
A firefighter chased out of a building near Lille to cries of, “This is France, out with the Arabs”; a bakery in Avignon sprayed with racist and homophobic slogans, and then set on fire, for employing an Ivorian apprentice; a teenager beaten and almost drowned in a canal near Nîmes by four men yelling, “Go back to Jihad City”; a shopkeeper in Perpignan summoned, in a letter, to “leave for Africa” before her neighbourhood is “mercilessly cleansed”; a bus driver in a Paris suburb assaulted and run over by man shouting: “I’m tired of people like you, Bougnoules (derogatory term for Arabs) and Blacks – I vote National Rally, I’ll kill you, I’ll massacre you, I’ll eradicate you.”
These are but a few of the dozens of racist attacks documented by local media in France in the three weeks of chaotic and often virulent campaigning that preceded France’s two-round legislative elections, which saw Marine Le Pen’s National Rally top a first round of voting on June 30 on the back of its triumph in European elections earlier in the month.
In another such incident, Karim Rissouli, a journalist for public broadcaster France 5, read out a threatening letter he received at his home, informing him that he had failed to heed the message from voters in the European polls.
“The fundamental reason for the RN vote is that the historic people of France are sick and tired of Bicots,” the letter read, using a racist term to refer to people of North African descent. “Native Frenchmen will never accept you and your brothers.”
Read moreLe Pen’s far right is on the cusp of power in France – what happens next?
Such attacks reflect a loosening of tongues at the prospect of a far-right party coming to power in France for the first time since the Nazi era, said the anti-racism watchdog SOS Racisme, whose birth in the 1980s coincided with the rise to prominence of the previously named Front National.
“With the rise of the far right, we’re witnessing an explosion in racist attacks, not only verbal but also physical,” said SOS Racisme in remarks carried by Mediapart. “We are dealing with people who think that if the RN comes to power, they will have institutional support to behave in this way,” added its president, Dominique Sopo.
A firefighter chased out of a building near Lille to cries of, “This is France, out with the Arabs”; a bakery in Avignon sprayed with racist and homophobic slogans, and then set on fire, for employing an Ivorian apprentice; a teenager beaten and almost drowned in a canal near Nîmes by four men yelling, “Go back to Jihad City”; a shopkeeper in Perpignan summoned, in a letter, to “leave for Africa” before her neighbourhood is “mercilessly cleansed”; a bus driver in a Paris suburb assaulted and run over by man shouting: “I’m tired of people like you, Bougnoules (derogatory term for Arabs) and Blacks – I vote National Rally, I’ll kill you, I’ll massacre you, I’ll eradicate you.”
These are but a few of the dozens of racist attacks documented by local media in France in the three weeks of chaotic and often virulent campaigning that preceded France’s two-round legislative elections, which saw Marine Le Pen’s National Rally top a first round of voting on June 30 on the back of its triumph in European elections earlier in the month.
In another such incident, Karim Rissouli, a journalist for public broadcaster France 5, read out a threatening letter he received at his home, informing him that he had failed to heed the message from voters in the European polls.
“The fundamental reason for the RN vote is that the historic people of France are sick and tired of Bicots,” the letter read, using a racist term to refer to people of North African descent. “Native Frenchmen will never accept you and your brothers.”
Read moreLe Pen’s far right is on the cusp of power in France – what happens next?
Such attacks reflect a loosening of tongues at the prospect of a far-right party coming to power in France for the first time since the Nazi era, said the anti-racism watchdog SOS Racisme, whose birth in the 1980s coincided with the rise to prominence of the previously named Front National.
“With the rise of the far right, we’re witnessing an explosion in racist attacks, not only verbal but also physical,” said SOS Racisme in remarks carried by Mediapart. “We are dealing with people who think that if the RN comes to power, they will have institutional support to behave in this way,” added its president, Dominique Sopo.
‘Too many immigrants’
The lightning campaign, triggered by President Emmanuel Macron’s startling decision to dissolve the National Assembly, has exacerbated a broader rise in prejudice and racist attacks documented by France’s Commission nationale consultative des droits de l’homme (CNCDH), a state-backed human rights watchdog.
In its annual report published on June 27, the CNCDH flagged a 32% spike in racist attacks in 2023 and a record rise in anti-Semitic incidents – the latter attributed in large part to the fallout from the war in Gaza.
Citing a “significant deterioration in the perception of immigration”, the CNCDH said its tolerance index, which measures society’s openness to diversity, had slipped for the second year running – this time sharply – after years of steadily rising.
The report said 56% of people surveyed believe “there are too many immigrants in France”, up 7% from the level measured in spring 2022. A similar number, 51%, said they “don’t feel at home like they used to”, up 3% from the previous year.
Far-right leader Marine Le Pen says her 28-year-old protégé Jordan Bardella will head France's next government if the National Rally wins Sunday's second round of legislative elections. © Daniel Cole, AP
The CNCDH spoke of a shift from the “biological racism” of old to a “more cultural, identity-based form”, centred on the “purported inability of immigrants and foreigners to conform themselves with the norms and values of the Republic.”
The survey found that 54% of National Rally supporters and a quarter of those who backed the conservative Les Républicains party described themselves as racist. It described RN’s platform as being in “frontal opposition to the principles of equality, fraternity and freedom” enshrined in the French constitution, warning that it would embolden racist opinions.
Sponsoring prejudice
Speaking to French daily Le Monde, sociologist Vincent Tiberj, who co-authored the report, spoke of a “collision” between a broad societal trend towards greater acceptance of diversity and a more recent spike in identity politics.
He pointed to a discrepancy between a broad majority of the population that remains open to diversity and an increasingly vocal and mobilised minority that is hostile towards immigrants and foreigners.
Sociologist Tristan Guerra, head of research at the advocacy group Destin Commun, highlighted the role of political leaders and the media in shaping the political narrative and fostering a climate of fear and intolerance.
“Public opinion responds to signals coming from the media and from politicians,” he said, pointing to a growing emphasis on the subject of immigration. “The far right is not alone in stirring controversy on this subject,” he added. “So have the mainstream right and the government, which have helped normalise the far right’s ideas.”
Guerra cited acrimonious debates surrounding a hardline immigration law passed with support from RN lawmakers in late 2023, noting that the months of wrangling on the subject coincided with the period when the CNCDH carried out its survey. Those debates came on the heels of massive urban riots that roiled the country over the summer, and as news channels gave blanket coverage to the fallout from the tragic death of a teenage boy attending a village dance in southern France, which the far right sought to portray, without evidence, as a hate crime targeting white people.
“Our research confirms that most people in France are largely open to diversity and cherish a certain form of multiculturalism. They are also largely aware that racism is a problem and needs to be fought back,” said Guerra. “But when politicians and parts of the media actively sponsor prejudice, it can reactivate dormant attitudes and encourage intolerant reactions.”
Read moreHow Bolloré, the ‘French Murdoch’, carried Le Pen’s far right to the brink of power
The CNCDH spoke of a shift from the “biological racism” of old to a “more cultural, identity-based form”, centred on the “purported inability of immigrants and foreigners to conform themselves with the norms and values of the Republic.”
The survey found that 54% of National Rally supporters and a quarter of those who backed the conservative Les Républicains party described themselves as racist. It described RN’s platform as being in “frontal opposition to the principles of equality, fraternity and freedom” enshrined in the French constitution, warning that it would embolden racist opinions.
Sponsoring prejudice
Speaking to French daily Le Monde, sociologist Vincent Tiberj, who co-authored the report, spoke of a “collision” between a broad societal trend towards greater acceptance of diversity and a more recent spike in identity politics.
He pointed to a discrepancy between a broad majority of the population that remains open to diversity and an increasingly vocal and mobilised minority that is hostile towards immigrants and foreigners.
Sociologist Tristan Guerra, head of research at the advocacy group Destin Commun, highlighted the role of political leaders and the media in shaping the political narrative and fostering a climate of fear and intolerance.
“Public opinion responds to signals coming from the media and from politicians,” he said, pointing to a growing emphasis on the subject of immigration. “The far right is not alone in stirring controversy on this subject,” he added. “So have the mainstream right and the government, which have helped normalise the far right’s ideas.”
Guerra cited acrimonious debates surrounding a hardline immigration law passed with support from RN lawmakers in late 2023, noting that the months of wrangling on the subject coincided with the period when the CNCDH carried out its survey. Those debates came on the heels of massive urban riots that roiled the country over the summer, and as news channels gave blanket coverage to the fallout from the tragic death of a teenage boy attending a village dance in southern France, which the far right sought to portray, without evidence, as a hate crime targeting white people.
“Our research confirms that most people in France are largely open to diversity and cherish a certain form of multiculturalism. They are also largely aware that racism is a problem and needs to be fought back,” said Guerra. “But when politicians and parts of the media actively sponsor prejudice, it can reactivate dormant attitudes and encourage intolerant reactions.”
Read moreHow Bolloré, the ‘French Murdoch’, carried Le Pen’s far right to the brink of power
More French than others
Staunchly anti-immigrant and broadly hostile towards France’s Muslims, Le Pen's party has succeeded in placing the subject of immigration at the crossroads of French voters’ top concerns, such as purchasing power, housing and crime, while also nurturing the idea that the French state is neglecting native French citizens.
“The focus used to be on immigrants supposedly ‘stealing’ French people’s jobs, but unemployment has dropped in recent years even as other crises have become more acute,” said Guerra. “The talk now is of immigrants enjoying priority access to social housing and benefits – which is not borne out by evidence.”
According to the CNCDH report, some 60% of people agree with the suggestion that “many immigrants come to France primarily to benefit from social security”. While 43% think that insecurity is mainly due to immigration, the number shoots up to 83% among RN supporters.
Asked whether “foreigners should have the same rights as French people”, only 52% said yes, a five-point drop from the previous year. The study also said 23% of people surveyed believe “the children of immigrants born in France are not really French”, up from 21.4% the previous year.
01:41Jordan Bardella, RN’s candidate for prime minister, has confirmed the party’s plans to curtail the rights of French citizens with dual nationality to work in some defence, security and nuclear-industry jobs – a move critics say would be unconstitutional. Rights groups say the discriminatory measure signals the party’s intention to sort people by nationality, background or culture.
In the run-up to the July 7 runoffs, RN lawmaker Daniel Grenon, who is standing for reelection in Burgundy, caused outrage by declaring that the likes of Najat Vallaud-Belkacem, a former education minister who was born in Morocco and raised in France, had “no place holding high positions”.
‘A Jew as ophthalmologist’
Denon is hardly the only RN candidate facing scrutiny as the party stands on the threshold of power. Other questionable entries include a woman who has pulled from the high-stakes race over a photo of her wearing a World War II-era Nazi officer’s cap and another who wrote on social media that “gas brought justice to the victims of the Shoah”.
Asked about allegations that the party still has xenophobes and racists in its ranks, RN candidate Paule Veyre de Soras responded that it no longer did, before adding: “I myself am Catalan, my grandfather was born in Barcelona, I have a Jew as an ophthalmologist and, as a dentist, a Muslim.”
Read more'Black sheep' embarrass the National Rally ahead of decisive parliamentary vote
Tolerance of minorities also declined in 2023, according to the CNCDH report, dropping from 59 (out of 100) to 57 in the case of Muslims, and from 72 to 68 for Jews – a sharp fall attributed to the ongoing war in Gaza, which has resulted in a massive increase in the number of anti-Semitic incidents reported by French authorities and a variety of monitors.
There too, the report highlighted deep-seated prejudice regarding Jews’ purported double allegiance, with 42% of people surveyed stating that “Israel matters more to French Jews than France”.
On Wednesday, renowned Nazi hunter Serge Klarsfeld reiterated his advice that voters faced with a duel between Le Pen’s National Rally and the hard-left La France insoumise (LFI) should choose the far right. In an interview with AP, he accused the left-wing party of despising Israel and harbouring “anti-Semitic overtones”, a claim LFI vehemently denies.
The advice from Klarsfeld, an 88-year-old Jewish historian, goes against many other Jewish leaders and intellectuals in France who see fighting the National Rally as a top priority in Sunday's runoff vote.
In its report, the CNCDH flagged “the existence of anti-Semitism on the left, particularly the hard left”, though adding that it “bears no comparison with that observed on the far right and among people close to the National Rally”.
In the run-up to the second round of legislative elections in France, former members of the resistance to Nazi rule are voicing their concerns over the possibility of a far-right government taking power. They urge the French people not to forget the legacy, spirit and values of the French Resistance during the Second World War.
Issued on: 04/07/2024 -
Former French Resistance members from left to right: Roger Lebranchu, Mélanie Berger-Volle, Daniel Huillier and Jean Lafaurie.
© Studio graphique FMM
By:Stéphanie TROUILLARD
Eleven days ago, Franco-Austrian Mélanie Berger-Volle was filled with immense joy when she was selected by the Loire département, or district, in central France to carry the Olympic flame due to her participation in the Resistance during the Second World War.
The 102-year-old carried the flame in a retirement home in the city of Saint-Étienne, with a broad smile on her face. "I was very happy to show that an elderly person could carry the flame. It made me so happy", she said.
But now, three days after the far-right National Rally party (RN) came out on top in the first round of legislative elections, the former résistante spoke with a heavy heart.
Resistance fighter Melanie Berger-Volle during the torch relay at the Cité des aînés in Saint-Étienne on 22 June 2024.
© Arnaud Finistre, AFP
"I'm appalled that France, which has achieved so much, is turning to the far right," she said, adding that “I’ve no choice but to speak my mind”.
‘I'll vote for anyone, but not for them’
Born into a Jewish family in Vienna in 1921, Berger-Volle lived through one of the darkest periods in recent history.
In 1938, the then 17-year-old was forced to leave her country following the annexation of Austria by the German Reich.
"People forget that Hitler came to power legally", Berger-Volle said.
After a brief stay in Belgium, Berger-Volle came to France where she joined the Resistance when Nazi Germany occupied the country.
Arrested in 1942 for distributing anti-Hitler leaflets to German soldiers, Berger-Volle was sent to the Saint-Michel prison in Toulouse, then to Marseille’s Baumettes Prison from where she managed to escape with help from comrades.
The young activist then continued working with the Resistance until France was liberated in 1945.
More than 80 years on, she is stunned by the rise of the far right in the country for which she fought against the Nazis.
"I'll vote for anyone, but not for them," Berger-Volle said, referring to the RN. "They are very intelligent. They say they've become like everyone else, but if you scratch the surface a bit, nothing has changed.”
In Toulon, when there was a far-right mayor, "the first thing he did was to attack [the city’s] culture, even though we can't live without it," Berger-Volle said.
She added that she would cast her ballot on Sunday despite her old age.
"Of course, I've always voted. I fought for it during the war".
‘I don't want us to be governed by former SS men’
On France’s west coast, Roger Lebranchu also had the honour of taking part in the Olympic torch relay on May 31, when it passed through Mont-Saint-Michel.
"I carried this symbol, which represents peace in the world and dignity between peoples. I never thought I'd do it one day", he points out.
The former rowing champion, selected for the London Olympics in 1948, was chosen for his sporting achievements and his past as a member of the Resistance.
"I was arrested in 1943 because I wanted to reach North Africa via Spain", Lebranchu said.
Aged merely 22, he was deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp and the nearby Schönebeck camp where he spent nearly two years. He escaped in April 1945 just before the Americans arrived.
After the liberation of France, Lebranchu took up rowing again and won the French championship, twice.
Now at 101 years of age, Lebranchu is worried about the future of his country.
"I was deported for acts of resistance, I don't want us to be governed by former SS men", he said, referring to founding members of the FN. Among them were Léon Gaultier and Pierre Bousquet, two Frenchmen who had joined the ranks of the Waffen-SS.
"When you've been through the hands of the SS like I have, you can expect anything," the former Resistance fighter said, adding that he hopes that parties from "the centre will come together and stand shoulder by shoulder" against the far right.
‘Danger on our doorstep’
Meanwhile former Resistance fighter Jean Lafaurie takes a broader approach. For him, it is necessary for parties across all political divides to band together to prevent the National rally from taking power.
"We have to block this party, which is harmful to France," he said. "When I hear people from the right or government representatives say that we can't vote for the New Popular Front (a left-wing alliance)" because they object to certain candidates, "I say that blocking means blocking. We can discuss the details later".
"We're back to the same things that we’ve been through at the end of the 1930s. I think we're in the same system,” said Lafaurie, who was shaken upon learning the election results from the first round of voting last Sunday.
"The danger is on our doorstep”, he said.
Lafaurie had already faced a very similar danger over eight decades ago.
At 20, he joined the communist resistance fighters, or FTPF (Francs-tireurs et partisans), in his home region of the Lot in southwest France.
"I'm appalled that France, which has achieved so much, is turning to the far right," she said, adding that “I’ve no choice but to speak my mind”.
‘I'll vote for anyone, but not for them’
Born into a Jewish family in Vienna in 1921, Berger-Volle lived through one of the darkest periods in recent history.
In 1938, the then 17-year-old was forced to leave her country following the annexation of Austria by the German Reich.
"People forget that Hitler came to power legally", Berger-Volle said.
After a brief stay in Belgium, Berger-Volle came to France where she joined the Resistance when Nazi Germany occupied the country.
Arrested in 1942 for distributing anti-Hitler leaflets to German soldiers, Berger-Volle was sent to the Saint-Michel prison in Toulouse, then to Marseille’s Baumettes Prison from where she managed to escape with help from comrades.
The young activist then continued working with the Resistance until France was liberated in 1945.
More than 80 years on, she is stunned by the rise of the far right in the country for which she fought against the Nazis.
"I'll vote for anyone, but not for them," Berger-Volle said, referring to the RN. "They are very intelligent. They say they've become like everyone else, but if you scratch the surface a bit, nothing has changed.”
In Toulon, when there was a far-right mayor, "the first thing he did was to attack [the city’s] culture, even though we can't live without it," Berger-Volle said.
She added that she would cast her ballot on Sunday despite her old age.
"Of course, I've always voted. I fought for it during the war".
‘I don't want us to be governed by former SS men’
On France’s west coast, Roger Lebranchu also had the honour of taking part in the Olympic torch relay on May 31, when it passed through Mont-Saint-Michel.
"I carried this symbol, which represents peace in the world and dignity between peoples. I never thought I'd do it one day", he points out.
"I was arrested in 1943 because I wanted to reach North Africa via Spain", Lebranchu said.
Aged merely 22, he was deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp and the nearby Schönebeck camp where he spent nearly two years. He escaped in April 1945 just before the Americans arrived.
After the liberation of France, Lebranchu took up rowing again and won the French championship, twice.
Now at 101 years of age, Lebranchu is worried about the future of his country.
"I was deported for acts of resistance, I don't want us to be governed by former SS men", he said, referring to founding members of the FN. Among them were Léon Gaultier and Pierre Bousquet, two Frenchmen who had joined the ranks of the Waffen-SS.
"When you've been through the hands of the SS like I have, you can expect anything," the former Resistance fighter said, adding that he hopes that parties from "the centre will come together and stand shoulder by shoulder" against the far right.
‘Danger on our doorstep’
Meanwhile former Resistance fighter Jean Lafaurie takes a broader approach. For him, it is necessary for parties across all political divides to band together to prevent the National rally from taking power.
"We have to block this party, which is harmful to France," he said. "When I hear people from the right or government representatives say that we can't vote for the New Popular Front (a left-wing alliance)" because they object to certain candidates, "I say that blocking means blocking. We can discuss the details later".
"We're back to the same things that we’ve been through at the end of the 1930s. I think we're in the same system,” said Lafaurie, who was shaken upon learning the election results from the first round of voting last Sunday.
"The danger is on our doorstep”, he said.
Lafaurie had already faced a very similar danger over eight decades ago.
At 20, he joined the communist resistance fighters, or FTPF (Francs-tireurs et partisans), in his home region of the Lot in southwest France.
In July 1943, he was arrested and sentenced to ten years hard labour.
Interned in the Eysses prison in Lot-et-Garonne, Lafaurie took part in a mutiny that ended in the execution of 12 prisoners and the deportation of more than 1,000 others to the Dachau concentration camp near Munich.
There, Lafaurie survived for almost a year as prisoner number 73 618 before he was liberated in April 1945, weighing just 36 kilos.
"The concentration camps were a bit like what the Nazis intended to do in the rest of the world. A world of slaves with the Nazis as the sole representatives of authority", Lafaurie said.
Deeply marked by the experience, which is now "ingrained" in him, Lafaurie said he is dismayed to see that some people in France are suggesting trying the far right.
“We’ve been there!” Lafaurie said.
"They may have changed the way they talk to better deceive people, but the basis of the movement is still the same. Marine Le Pen has shown her ties with Putin. France is really in danger, but so is the whole of Europe at the moment”, he said.
For years, Lafaurie travelled the country to speak in schools, where he believes the history of the Second World War has not necessarily been properly passed on.
After 1945, "two generations wanted to forget the war and didn't talk about it. We must try and reawaken this memory, but it's not easy. We're trying to sow small seeds with the idea that they'll grow one day".
‘We're going to get through this’
96-year-old Daniel Huillier from Villard-de-Lans in the Isère department also recounts his story tirelessly to young people.
One of the last surviving resistance fighters from the Vercors Maquis, Huillier joined the Resistance at the age of 15, following in the footsteps of his father and several members of his family.
"During the war, I lost two uncles, cousins and friends aged 16 or 17", Huillier said.
Read moreWWII: In the footsteps of the African Resistance fighters who fell in the Battle of Vercors
Last week, Huillier recalled fraternal values advocated by his former comrades in arms in an article published ahead of the first round of elections.
"In the Resistance, there were of course French people, but there were also many foreigners. There were 36 nationalities in our ranks", he wrote.
Huillier, who took part a few weeks earlier in several ceremonies honouring the maquis of the Vercors, is saddened by the current situation.
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"What's happening is dramatic. We're in trouble", he said, adding that many French people "cast their ballots mindlessly because our leaders don't know where they're going".
While Huillier believed he has "no instructions to give to people", he regretted that those who vote for the far right "don't think about the consequences".
Nevertheless, Huillier, who narrowly escaped the German repression in the Vercors, remained optimistic.
"We mustn't despair. We're going to get through this. Unfortunately, things like this must happen for people to start thinking,” Huillier said.
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