Tuesday, January 17, 2023

UK
Angry Worcester trade union says proposed anti-strike Bill 'attacks working people'

Charlotte Albutt
Tue, 17 January 2023 

Worcester Trades Union Council hits back at new legislation. (Image: WTUC)

Angry trade unions have hit back at the new proposed strike law which they argue "attacks" the working people.

Worcester Trade Union said the Government is restricting the right to strike and the proposed law should "ring alarm bells in everyone's ears".

The controversial anti-strike legislation cleared its first hurdle as the Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Bill was considered in the House of Commons on Monday evening (January 16).


However, Worcester's MP Robin Walker defended the proposed legislation saying it does not restrict the right to strike but does set minimum service levels which have to be in place.

The proposed legislation will require union members from key services to continue working to retain a "minimum level" of service during set strike days.

A spokesperson for the Worcester Trade Union Council said: "In response to the Government’s intent to restrict the right to strike, Worcester Trades Union Council, as part of a national TUC campaign, will be organising activities to draw public attention to the threat to workers’ rights.

"The right to withdraw one’s labour in order to defend jobs, pay and conditions is a fundamental human right.

"This latest attack by the Government on working people should sound alarm bells for us all."


Worcester News:

The sectors affected if the law is passed would be health, education, fire and rescue and transport services.

The government said the proposed legislation aims to prevent public lives from being put at risk.

If employees are not compliant with the new legislation they may risk losing their jobs if they do not work when required.

MP Robin Walker said: “The proposed legislation does not restrict the right to strike but it does set minimum service levels which have to be in place when strike action affects essential public services.

"This is not an unreasonable requirement and is in place in many other countries.

"I would always urge both government and the unions to engage as much as possible in order to avoid strikes and during my time as a minister I kept up a useful and constructive dialogue with trades unions.

"However the public expects the Government to protect essential public services and I think it is right that we do so.”
Protesters brave freeze to demonstrate against controversial anti-strike Bill

Nina Lloyd, PA
Mon, 16 January 2023 

Thousands of protesters have braved sub-zero temperatures to demonstrate outside Downing Street against a controversial new Bill restricting the right to strike.

Mick Lynch, leader of the Rail, Maritime and Transport (RMT) union, and a number of Labour backbenchers and the SNP’s Westminster leader Stephen Flynn were among those gathered on Monday evening.

Members of the Public and Commercial Services (PCS) union and Unison were also present at the demonstration, which coincided with the second reading of the Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Bill in Parliament.

Mick Lynch and Eddie Dempsey of the RMT with former 
Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn (Kirsty O’Connor/PA)

The legislation would see the right to strike restricted by imposing minimum service levels.

Bosses would be legally able to fire employees who ignore a notice requiring them to work on days of industrial action.

Protesters chanted “f*** the Tories” and “the people united will never be divided” and others banged drums as they gathered in Westminster.

Addressing protesters, Jo Grady, general secretary of the University and College Union, said she was “keeping warm” by thinking about how National Education Union (NEU) teachers had earlier voted to strike.

“It’s absolutely freezing but you know what’s keeping me warm? The NEU just smashed their ballot,” she told the crowd.

“Picket lines, democracy, we are the champions of them and we are not going to accept any extra conditions on our ability to do that.”

Former Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn and Labour MPs Zara Sultana and Bell Ribeiro-Addy were among speakers to address crowds from a podium on Whitehall.

Mr Corbyn condemned “disgusting levels of inequality” in Britain under the Tory Government, while Ms Ribeiro-Addy, having come straight from Parliament, said the Bill’s introduction in the Commons had been “absolutely disgraceful”.

“All we heard from the minister was lies, deceit and utter contempt for our public service workers,” she told protesters.

Clare Keenan, from the PCS, described the Bill as an “attack on my human rights and those of my fellow workers”.

She said: “You can’t make people go to work five days a week and having to use food banks and removing their ability to protest.

“It’s just a hurdle that they’re putting in the way to stop workers from taking industrial action.”

Retired George Hallam, who attended to show solidarity with workers, likened the Bill to anti-strike action under Margaret Thatcher’s government.

He said: “I think the Government is chancing its arm because the last time it tried something like this was the 1970s.

“It’s worse than a sin, it’s a mistake, because they’re likely to get a bloody nose like they did back then.”

Anti-strike bill moves one step closer to law - hours after new walkouts announced

Mon, 16 January 2023 


A controversial anti-strike bill has moved a step closer to becoming law - hours after teachers and nurses announced fresh walkouts.

Under the government's draft Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Bill, the right to strike would be restricted by imposing minimum service levels and bosses would be legally able to fire employees who ignore a "work notice" ordering them to work on days of industrial action.

The statute passed its second reading in parliament after MPs backed the legislation by 309 votes to 249 - a majority of 60.

As the bill was debated in the Commons, it was announced that the first strikes by teachers since 2016 will take place in February and March, while nurses also announced two further days of industrial action next month.

Meanwhile, ambulance workers are expected to announce up to six more strike dates on Wednesday.

Anti-strike law 'indefensible and foolish'

During the Commons debate on the strikes bill, Business Secretary Grant Shapps said the legislation "does not seek to ban the right to strike", adding: "The government will always defend the principle that workers should be able to withdraw their labour."

Also, former home secretary Priti Patel suggested ministers should "look at widening the list of sectors where minimum service standards are needed" as the wave of industrial action continues across the UK.

Under the proposed legislation, the government will get the power to set minimum safety levels for fire, ambulance and rail services in England, Wales and Scotland.

They would also have the power to set minimum levels of service for health, education, nuclear decommissioning and border security - but the business department said ministers "expect to continue to reach voluntary agreements" with these sectors.

However, Labour's deputy leader Angela Rayner described the bill as "one of the most indefensible and foolish pieces of legislation to come before this House in modern times".

Read more: No 10 sticking to its guns on strikes but is this sustainable? - Beth Rigby analysis

Teachers to strike on seven days in February and March

Thousands of teachers are set to walk out of classrooms over pay after the National Education Union (NEU) reached the threshold required to take strike action.

The largest education union had organised a ballot of 300,000 members in England and Wales, calling for a "fully funded, above-inflation pay rise".

Nine out of 10 teacher members of the union voted for strike action and the union passed the 50% ballot turnout required by law to take industrial action.

The NEU said the vote shows teachers are not prepared to "stand by" and see the education service "sacrificed" due to "a toxic mix of low pay and excessive workload".

The union declared seven days of walkouts in February and March - on 1, 14 and 28 February and 1, 2, 15 and 16 March - with the first day of strikes on 1 February expected to affect 23,000 schools in England and Wales.

Read more: Strikes this month - who is taking action and when

In a statement, Dr Mary Bousted and Kevin Courtney, joint general secretaries of the NEU, said: "We regret having to take strike action, and are willing to enter into negotiations at any time, any place, but this situation cannot go on."

Agency staff and volunteers could be used to cover classes, with schools expected to remain open where possible and the most vulnerable pupils given priority - according to updated guidance issued by the Department for Education.

Education Secretary Gillian Keegan described the strike action as "deeply disappointing for children and parents".

But headteachers in England will not stage walkouts after the National Association of Head Teachers (NAHT) union ballot turnout failed to meet the 50% legal threshold.

The union said it will consider re-running the ballot due to postal disruption.

Nurses announce two more strike days

Members of the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) in England are due to strike on Wednesday and Thursday this week.

The union has said its members will also walk out on 6 and 7 February.

In an escalation of industrial action, more NHS trusts in England will take part than during the two previous days of strikes in December - with the number increasing from 55 to 73.

Some 12 health boards and organisations in Wales will also take part in the two consecutive days of strikes.

The two days of industrial action by nurses in trusts across England and Wales in December led to the cancellation of thousands of hospital appointments and operations.

It is expected that the health service will run a bank holiday-style service in many areas during the strike action.

Read more: Nursing union threatens biggest walkout to date

Downing Street called the announcement of further strike dates by nurses "deeply regrettable".

But RCN chief executive Pat Cullen said nurses are taking the measures "with a heavy heart".

"My olive branch to government - asking them to meet me halfway and begin negotiations - is still there. They should grab it," she said in a statement.

The RCN had initially demanded a pay increase of up to 19% to cover soaring inflation and falls in real term wages over the past decade.

But earlier this month, Ms Cullen said she could accept a pay rise of about 10% to end its ongoing dispute with the government.

Elsewhere, the GMB union is expected to announce further ambulance worker strike dates this Wednesday, Sky News understands.

Up to six more dates are being discussed after talks with Health Secretary Steve Barclay last week broke down.

The government continues to insist that pay claims are unaffordable and is sticking to its belief that wage rises should be decided by pay review bodies.

It’s obvious there’s a deal to be done with the unions – except to Shapps and Sunak

John Crace
THE GUARDIAN
Mon, 16 January 2023 

Grant Shapps British politician

You’d have thought there was a fairly simple way for the government to resolve the current strikes. Negotiate. After all, it’s obvious to everyone that there’s a deal to be done somewhere between what the unions are asking for and what ministers are currently offering. And that’s where we’ll inevitably end up. It’s a no-brainer.

Except to Grant Shapps and Rishi Sunak. They see things rather differently. They have eyed up the nurses, doctors, ambulance drivers, teachers and railway workers and seen a militant collective of hard-hearted killers. People who will strike just for the hell of it. People who would rather go without a day’s pay because they quite like making people’s lives a misery. People who enjoy inflicting anxiety and suffering on the country.

At least that was the subtext running through Shapps’ opening remarks for the second reading of the government’s anti-strike legislation. He began by trying to sound conciliatory. Or as close as someone who would cross the road to pick a fight can get. Of course he supported people’s right to strike. In theory. But in practice, not so much. At least not these groups of workers. And not at this time. Maybe in a parallel universe.

But here was the thing. The government was beset by coincidences. It was a coincidence that the UK was going through one of the worst cost of living crises after 13 years of Tory rule. And it was a coincidence that so many different professions were going on strike at the same time. So now was the right time for some legislation to make sure there was a minimum level of service. And if the unions didn’t accept that, then workers would get sacked. Hey. Makes a change from clapping nurses. That was so 2020.

While the Tory benches were almost empty – either Conservative MPs aren’t that interested in resolving the strikes or they aren’t prepared to defend their government’s handling of the crisis – the Labour benches were full. And their backbenchers had plenty to say in interventions.

Was Shapps bothered that even Human Rights Watch had said this was an attack on workers’ rights? Did he know that nurses and ambulance drivers had already agreed minimum safety levels on their strike days? Shapps merely shook his head. He’s never found a truth he’s not prepared to publicly deny. Could he point to anyone who had died as a result of the industrial action? And more and more of the same. The anger and the incredulity was heartfelt. The government had never felt so cheap. And vindictive. Which was saying something.

Shapps merely smirked and pointed out every speaker’s affiliation to a trade union. As if that proved anything. Labour’s Chris Bryant said he’d be proud to be funded by a union. Better that than some Russian oligarch. Or some distant relative you can’t even remember, for that matter. The nub of this was, the legislation wasn’t going to solve the current strikes. It would come into force far too late. So it was just some kind of distraction to keep the Tory anti-union fires burning. A pointless diversion.

Angela Rayner came out fighting. Labour’s deputy leader regretted Shapps’ condescending tone. Not his fault. He doesn’t have another. Where was the admission that it was Liz Truss and the Tories who had made the economic crisis so much worse? Where was the acceptance that the strikes weren’t just about pay? They were about sectors that were already operating at unsafe levels due to government underfunding. Try sacking nurses when there were already 131,000 vacancies in the NHS.

And where were the impact assessments? Hadn’t the most recent ones suggested that the legislation would be a total waste of time? Would make things worse. Shapps again just shrugged. It was like this. It was Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle. The impact assessments could just be a tipping point into a total meltdown. So it was the government’s responsibility to make everything much safer by not bothering with them. That way, there was at least a chance things could work out OK.

Few Tories bothered to intervene on Rayner. Unsurprising when she’s in this sort of mood. Labour MPs behind her and right on her side. Those Conservatives that did soon regretted it. One suggested that if we could get away with underpaying the army and the police and still deny them the right to strike, then nurses and ambulance drivers should just shut up and get on with it. Winning hearts and minds. Someone should tell him that some of his constituents are nurses and ambulance drivers.

Another merely pleaded for Rayner to say what pay rise she would negotiate with the nurses. Game, set and match. She not so gently pointed out that Labour was not in power and wasn’t invited to the negotiating table. But too much more of this and you’d think the Tories have a death wish.

Exclusive: Grant Shapps Slammed By Government Watchdog Over Anti-Strike Law

Kevin Schofield
Mon, 16 January 2023 

Nurses Sarah Donnelly (left) and Nicola Joyce on the picket line outside the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast, as nurses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland take industrial action over pay. Picture date: Tuesday December 20, 2022.

Nurses Sarah Donnelly (left) and Nicola Joyce on the picket line outside the Royal Victoria Hospital in Belfast, as nurses in England, Wales and Northern Ireland take industrial action over pay. Picture date: Tuesday December 20, 2022.

A top watchdog has slammed the government over a new law which would make it harder for public sector workers to go on strike.

The regulatory policy committee (RPC), which analyses new pieces of legislation, has condemned business secretary Grant Shapps for failing to set out the impact of the Strikes (Minimum Service Levels) Bill.

Labour accused Shapps of “a complete dereliction of ministerial duty”.

The proposed law was introduced to parliament on January 10 and MPs will vote on it tonight.

It would force NHS staff, firefighters and railway workers to ensure that they are able to provide minimum service levels during industrial action.

If they failed to do so, they would potentially face the sack.

Both Labour and trade unions have condemned the bill as an attack on the right to take strike action.

In a damning statement published today, the RPC condemned the department for business, energy and industrial strategy’s failure to publish an impact assessment (IA) before the bill came to parliament.

They said: “We provide an independent opinion to assist both final ministerial decision-making and parliamentary scrutiny of regulatory legislation.

“We publish these when it is appropriate to do so, both to assist parliamentarians and so that the process is transparent to external stakeholders.

“Government departments are expected to submit IAs to the RPC before the relevant bill is laid before parliament and in time for the RPC to issue an opinion.

“An IA for this bill has not yet been submitted for RPC scrutiny; nor has one been published despite the bill being currently considered by parliament.”

Labour deputy leader Angela Rayner said: “Grant Shapps has failed to do due diligence on this shoddy, unworkable bill.

“It’s a complete dereliction of ministerial duty. Government consultations on how these sweeping powers would be used have not been published, MPs have been given no details on how minimum service levels would operate, and ministers have broken their own rules by utterly failing to produce an impact assessment.

“It’s little wonder they are trying to rush this legislation through parliament because not one bit of it stands up to scrutiny.”

Paul Nowak, general secretary of the TUC, said: “It’s shameful that MPs are being asked to vote blind on a bill that will have far-reaching consequences for millions of workers.

“The government is deliberately railroading through this spiteful legislation to avoid proper parliamentary scrutiny.”

Whitehall sources said the impact assessment will be published “in due course”.

A government spokesperson said: “We must keep the public safe, which is why we are introducing minimum service and safety levels across a range of sectors to ensure that lives and livelihoods are not lost.”

Tory MP brands government’s anti-strike bill ‘shameful'

Nadine Batchelor-Hunt
·Political Correspondent, Yahoo News UK
Mon, 16 January 2023 

A Tory MP has described the government's new anti-strike legislation as 'shameful'

MPs are set to vote on new legislation that will impose a minimum level of service in certain public sectors

Unions have accused the government of moving to 'make effective strike action illegal'

Read more on the row over strikes below

Trade unions have criticised the government's new bill that would see the right to strike heavily curtailed for certain public sectors. (PA)

Conservative MP has described the government's new attempt to curtail the rights of workers to strike as "shameful".

On Monday, MPs will vote on controversial legislation that would curtail the right of hundreds of thousands of public sector worker by imposing a legal duty of a minimum level of service on strike days.

Rishi Sunak has previously defended the legislation, saying it is "really important that we protect ordinary working people’s access to life-saving healthcare" as well access to the ambulance and fire services.

Read more: UK faces further disruption as teachers set to announce strike action

Britain has been hit by months of extremely disruptive strike action by unions across a variety of public sectors – including nurses, ambulance workers, and railway staff.

The new bill is Sunak's attempt to demonstrate he is getting to grips with the crisis.

Ahead of the proposed vote, Tory MP for Stevenage, Stephen McPartland, described the legislation as "shameful".

"I will vote against this shameful bill today," he said on Monday. "It does nothing to stop strikes – but individual NHS staff, teachers and workers can be targeted and sacked if they don’t betray their mates.

"Fine the unions if they won’t provide minimum service levels but don’t sack individuals."

However, despite McPartland's critique of the government's plans and the unease reported among some Tory MPs over the legislation, it is expected the government will successfully pass the bill.

Last week, business secretary Grant Shapps said a "civilised society" should ensure ambulances still turn up on a strike day.


UK strikes in January and February. (PA)

"I don’t think any civilised society should have a situation where we can’t get agreement to, for example, have an ambulance turn up on a strike day for the most serious of all types of ailments," said Shapps.

RMT general secretary Mick Lynch has accused the government of wanting to "make effective strike action illegal" in the UK.

"Trades unionists and democrats from across the political spectrum must come together in the interests of civil liberties and human rights to oppose these measures," he said.

"This violation of democratic norms and values will be strongly opposed by the RMT and the entire labour movement, in parliament, the courts and the workplace, if it is put on the statute books."

The Labour party has pledged to repeal any anti-strike laws introduced by the government should it win power at the next election.

Read more: Wave of industrial action to continue in coming days with nurses on strike

"It's likely to make a bad situation worse... if it's further restrictions, then we will repeal it," Keir Starmer said. "I do not think that legislation is the way that you bring an end to industrial disputes. You have to get in the room and compromise."

Monday's vote on the bill comes on the same day as several education trade unions, including the 300,000-strong National Education Union (NEU), will reveal whether they have voted to take strike action.

Elsewhere, the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) across England will walk out on Wednesday and Thursday, warning if progress is not made in negotiations by the end of January the next set of strikes will include all eligible members in England.

Rishi Sunak’s proposed anti-strike laws aren’t just insulting – they’re stupid, too

Angela Rayner
Mon, 16 January 2023

Photograph: Aaron Chown/PA

Rishi Sunak has gone from clapping nurses to threatening them with the sack. The prime minister’s fresh assault on rights at work comes hurtling into parliament on Monday with proposals to impose minimum service levels on workers across England, Scotland and Wales. Ministers would be handed new powers to order compulsory “work notices” to be issued to striking workers, who could then be sacked for going on strike.

This shoddy, unworkable bill is a grotesque insult to key workers. As a former union official myself, I know first-hand that taking strike action is always a last resort – not only because it involves giving up a day’s pay but because the commitment to being there for the public runs deep. But the goodwill upon which our public services have been running hit breaking point long ago. While ministers seek to foist the responsibility for crumbling services on to the shoulders of those on the frontlines, they ignore the fact that workers and their unions already shoulder responsibility, ensuring “life and limb” cover even during industrial action.

Meanwhile, hundreds are dying each week due to NHS delays as trusts declare critical incidents and workers on the frontline compare the health services to a “war zone”. But all ministers have to offer are bad-faith arguments: passing the buck for their own failures, and demonising, gaslighting and coercing key workers who feel they’ve been left with no choice. The days of ministers clapping for key workers are a distant memory.

The buck stops with the government, whose duty it is to protect the public’s access to essential services – yet livelihoods and lives are already being lost. We all want minimum standards of safety, service and staffing – but it’s Conservative ministers who are failing to provide them. The dereliction of duty we are seeing today isn’t on the streets of Britain, it’s in Downing Street.

Their proposed legislation is not merely insulting, but stupid, too. Sunak’s own transport secretary has admitted the proposals would do nothing to resolve the current strikes. His own education secretary says she hopes the new law is not applied to schools. His government’s own assessments warned that the plans could lead to more strikes and staff shortages in transport, and were unnecessary in other sectors. Ministers are desperately seeking to justify the legislation by using disingenuous comparisons with France and Spain. This just won’t wash, as both lose significantly more days to strikes than the UK.

Our public services are on their knees. So many dedicated professionals are leaving their life’s calling because they can’t cope. Ministers know that the NHS cannot find the nurses it needs to work on the wards, and that the trains do not run even on non-strike days, such are the shortages of staff. How can they seriously think that sacking thousands of key workers will not just plunge them further into crisis?

The prime minister’s threat to bring redundancy notices to the negotiating table will serve only to inflame disputes and plunge workforce morale to new lows. It’s perhaps little wonder that he is trying to rush the legislation through parliament. This bill simply won’t stand up to the slightest scrutiny. Instead, the hapless business secretary, Grant Shapps, has been dispatched to make increasingly desperate and nonsensical arguments at the prime minister’s behest. If Sunak wanted to fulfil his pledge to bring rights at work in line with European standards, he would be bringing forward the proposals that were promised in the 2019 Tory manifesto but which have now been abandoned.

This new legislation does, however, serve one purpose. It offers the Conservatives a cloak of distraction from the crisis in the NHS they have caused, the economic crash their party inflicted on the country, and the cost of living emergency so many are facing. But beneath the delusion, reality bites. The cold, hard truth is the only way these disputes can and will be resolved is at the negotiating table and in good faith, so fair settlements can be reached. Instead, this government has resorted to threatening nurses with the sack because it just can’t stomach negotiation.

In his damning catalogue of the prime minister’s failings, one former Conservative health secretary has warned: “It is simply extraordinary to waste parliamentary time by introducing legislation which removes the right of NHS staff to withdraw their labour in a future dispute at a time when ministers and MPs should be focusing on resolving the current dispute.”

This dead-end government’s supply of sticking plasters is fast running out. It’s increasingly clear that this out of touch prime minister is out of his depth. What next? Banning certain workers from joining unions at all? Well, he’s been considering that too, for those under any lingering misapprehension that the Tories are the great defenders of civil liberties. He wouldn’t hesitate if he thought they could get away with it.

Related: High inflation is to blame for these strikes, not trade unions | Torsten Bell

For our part, we won’t stand by and let him play politics with key workers’ lives. The right to withdraw your labour is a fundamental freedom and we will always defend it. Labour MPs will be voting against this bill today and resisting the government’s attempt to rush it through parliament without proper scrutiny. If it passes thanks to Tory votes, the next Labour government will repeal it.

Labour has a plan to make Britain work for working people by resetting industrial relations for a modern era, ensuring workplace rights fit for the 21st century, and by negotiating in good faith to reach resolution rather than escalating disputes.

Try as it might to coerce nurses on pain of the sack, it’s this clapped-out government that richly deserves its marching orders.

Angela Rayner is deputy leader of the Labour party

IT'S 2023 NOT 1917
Tory MP Dubs Teachers' Union Leaders 'A Bolshevik And A Commie' Ahead Of Potential Strike


Kate Nicholson
Mon, 16 January 2023 

Jonathan Gullis spoke out against the leaders of a main teachers' union



Jonathan Gullis slammed the leaders of the National Education Union on Monday, dubbing them a “Bolshevik” and a “Commie”.

Formerly a teacher, trade union member, and representative for the teaching union NASUWT, Gullis is now the Tory MP for Stoke-on-Trent.


He attacked the joint NEU general secretaries Kevin Courtney and Mary Bousted when speaking to TalkTV on Monday, hours before union members announce the results of their strike ballots.

He dubbed the NEU the “Not Education Union” before getting personal.

Gullis said: ″Commie Courtney and Bolshevik Bousted have been working hard, desperately getting their strike that they’ve been so keen for because they’re Labour Party members, they’re Labour Party agitators who want to make sure they bring the Conservative government, and get an early general election.”

The NEU is the UK’s largest education union with 450,000 members. On its website, it says it does not affiliate to and does not financially support any political party, supposedly making it the largest unaffiliated union in the UK.

The Conservatives have tried to associate the Labour Party with the public sector strike action in recent months.

Labour has promised to oppose the government’s proposed legislation which would restrict the ability to strike for those in the public sector, but leader Keir Starmer has repeatedly refused to back the striking employees.

In July, he sacked his own shadow transport minister Sam Tarry for joining the picket line with rail workers.

While criticising potential strike action, Gullis suggested that the main problem with teaching was the workload.

He suggested should be more conversation around managing that – because teaching is “not a badly paid profession”.

Gullis claimed that when he left teaching he was on £50,000 when he was in a middle leadership role.

Talk TV host Julia Hartley-Brewer then claimed that many NEU members were “political activists, they’d go out to strike at the drop of a hat”, while Gullis nodded in agreement.

The Tory backbencher, who was an education minister briefly under Liz Truss, also said he didn’t think teachers should be striking because the priority needs to be pupils and parents.



This isn’t the first time Gullis has targeted those leading the teaching unions.

He told the Commons last week: “I am very worried about seeing teachers going on strike because it’s the pupils that will suffer the most, particularly disadvantages pupils from areas like Stoke-on-Trent North, Kesgrave and so on.

“And while I am a huge admirer of the incredible work teachers do, they are sadly being cajoled by baron bosses in unions like the Not Education Union, led by Bolshevik Bousted and Commie Courtney, with their Labour mates to force teachers out of the classes and make sure that kids continue to suffer.

“What can we do to make sure pupils will not be victims any further?”

'Stop the televised horserace of it all': 

Cate Blanchett calls out 'patriarchal pyramid' of award shows after big win

After winning a Critics Choice Award for Tár, 

the actor spoke about how "arbitrary" it is to be

 named Best Actress

Cate Blanchett poses in the press room with the award for best actress for "Tar" at the 28th annual Critics Choice Awards at The Fairmont Century Plaza Hotel on Sunday, Jan. 15, 2023, in Los Angeles. (Photo by Jordan Strauss/Invision/AP)

Cate Blanchett may have been crowned one of the best actors of year after winning a Critics Choice Award for playing Lydia Tár in the film Tár, but that didn't stop her from calling for an end to the "television horserace" of awards season.

Blanchett is largely regarded as one of the greatest actors of all time, having won notable awards for her work in films like ElizabethThe Aviator, Blue Jasmine, I'm Not There, and now Tár. During Sunday night's ceremony, Blanchett spoke about what it means to be receiving the award for Best Actress.

"I mean, it is arbitrary considering how many extraordinary performances there have been by women, not only in this room," she said. "Andrea Riseborough, Tang Wei, Penélope Cruz, the list goes on and on and on."

As Blanchett started to recognize her fellow nominees, she pivoted to make a statement about these types of awards ceremonies more broadly.

It's this patriarchal pyramid where someone stands up here. Why don't we just say there is a whole raft of female performances that are in concert and in dialogue with one another. And stop the televised horserace of it all.Actress Cate Blanchett

"Can I tell you, every single woman, whether television, film, advertising, tampon commercials, whatever, you're all out there doing amazing work that is inspiring me continually. So thank you, I share this with you all."

Blanchett's comments come as there has been extensive dialogue about the relevance and lasting power of televised awards shows, largely sparked by the significant controversy around the Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) and the Golden Globes.

From a viewer perspective the Globes, which occurred just a week ago, was watched by 6.3 million people, significantly less than the more than 18 million who watched in 2020. Conversely, the Oscars audience grew by about 60 per cent last year, after a record low in 2021 of 10.4 million viewers. But we're still waiting to see if that increase can be sustained in 2023.

Of course, there are also questions around whether these smaller groups of industry professionals deeming something or someone in a TV show or film the best even matters, especially if there are issues with these groups not being representative of the world we live in.

That also has to be balanced with the fact that people have waited their entire lives to receive this kind of recognition for their work.

Following Sunday's ceremony, some people took to social media to comment on Blanchett's statements.

How close to midnight is humanity? 2023 Doomsday Clock announcement could warn of nuclear disaster

Each January for the past 75 years, the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists has published a new Doomsday Clock, suggesting just how close – or far – humanity is from the brink.

The next edition will be revealed Jan. 24 at 10 a.m. EST. It's the first update to the clock since Russia's invasion of Ukraine renewed fears of global nuclear war.

Historically, the clock has measured the danger of nuclear disaster, but that's not the only apocalyptic scenario being considered. Climate change, bioterrorism, artificial intelligence and the damage done by mis- and disinformation also have been included in the mix of possible cataclysms.

Each year, the 22 members of the Science and Security Board are asked two questions:

  • Is humanity safer or at greater risk this year than last year?

  • Is humanity safer or at greater risk compared to the 76 years the clock has been set?

Here's what to know about the 2023 Doomsday Clock:

How did the Doomsday Clock start?

In 1945, on the anniversary of the bombing of Pearl Harbor, scientists who had worked on the Manhattan Project that built the world's first atomic bombs began publishing a mimeographed newsletter called The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.

Two years later, as those same scientists contemplated a world in which two atomic weapons had been used in Japan, they gathered to discuss the threat to humanity posed by nuclear war.

"They were worried the public wasn't really aware of how close we were to the end of life as we knew it," said Rachel Bronson, president and CEO of the Bulletin.

Martyl Langsdorf, an artist and wife of Manhattan project physicist Alexander Langsdorf Jr., came up with the idea of a clock showing just how close things were.

It came to be called the Doomsday Clock.

"It gave the sense that if we did nothing, it would tick on toward midnight and we could experience the apocalypse," Bronson said.

The mushroom cloud from Ivy Mike (codename given to the test) rises above the Pacific Ocean over the Enewetak Atoll in the Marshall Islands on November 1, 1952 at 7:15 am (local time). It was the world's first test of a full-scale thermonuclear device, in which part of the explosive yield comes from nuclear fusion.

Where does the Doomsday Clock stand now?

For the past two years the Doomsday Clock has stood at 100 seconds to midnight, closer to destruction than at any point since it was created in 1947.

What does midnight represent on the Doomsday Clock?

Midnight on the Doomsday Clock represents how close humans are to bringing about civilization-ending catastrophe because of the unleashing of human-caused perils either by nuclear disaster, climate change or other cataclysms.

Who decides where the Doomsday Clock is set?

The Doomsday Clock is set each year by the 22 members of the Bulletin's Science and Security Board in consultation with its Board of Sponsors, which includes 11 Nobel laureates.

Why does the Doomsday Clock exist?

At its heart, the bulletin's founders were asking how well humanity was managing the "dangerous Pandora's box made possible by modern science," Bronson said.

Though technology makes possible amazing and wonderful things, it can also pose risks. In 1947 the biggest of those was nuclear war. Since then the bulletin has added others, including climate change, bioterrorism, artificial intelligence and the damage done by mis- and disinformation.

Why is the Doomsday Clock so prominent?

Over the years the clock has been referenced by the White House, the Kremlin and the leadership of many other nations. Robert Oppenheimer and Albert Einstein were on the bulletin's Board of Sponsors, and John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon wrote pieces for the magazine.

Though not everyone agrees with the clock's settings, it is generally respected for the questions it asks and for its science-based stance.

Does the Doomsday Clock always go forward?

The setting of the clock has jumped forward and back over the past 75 years, depending on world events.

The furthest from midnight it has ever been was in 1991, when it was set at 17 minutes to midnight after the U.S. and the Soviet Union signed the first Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, followed by the dissolution of the USSR.

"People would go to sleep every night worried about were they going to wake up," said Daniel Holz, a professor of physics at the University of Chicago and co-chair of the Bulletin's Science and Security Board. "That threat was definitely reduced at the end of the Cold War."

The most pessimistic years have been 2021 and 2022, when it was set at 100 seconds to midnight, in part because of global nuclear and political tensions, COVID-19, climate change and the threat of biological weapons.

The first clock, announced in 1947, was set at 7 minutes to midnight.

What will the Doomsday Clock be set to on Jan. 24, 2023?

The Doomsday Clock will be reset Jan. 24 at 10 a.m. EST in an announcement that will be livestreamed on the bulletin's website.

Exactly what time the scientists who make up the board have chosen is a closely held secret. But one hint is this: For the first time, the statement is being translated into Russian and Ukrainian.

This article originally appeared on USA TODAY: 2023 Doomsday Clock announcement to warn of nuclear disaster

Jailed Iranian American appeals to Biden, starts hunger strike

Sun, January 15, 2023 
By Arshad Mohammed

Jan 16 (Reuters) - An Iranian American imprisoned in Iran for more than seven years on spying charges that the United States rejects as baseless appealed to U.S. President Joe Biden on Monday to bring him home and said he was starting a seven-day hunger strike.

Siamak Namazi made the plea in a letter to Biden seven years to the day that Iran released five other U.S. citizens in a prisoner exchange choreographed to coincide with the implementation of the 2015 Iran nuclear deal.

"When the Obama Administration unconscionably left me in peril and freed the other American citizens Iran held hostage on January 16, 2016, the U.S. Government promised my family to have me safely home within weeks," Namazi, 51, said in the letter to Biden released by his lawyer, Jared Genser.

"Yet seven years and two presidents later, I remain caged in Tehran's notorious Evin prison," he added.

Namazi asked Biden to spend one minute a day for the next week thinking about the suffering of U.S. citizens detained in Iran, who include environmentalist Morad Tahbaz, 67, who also has British nationality, and businessman Emad Shargi, 58.

Namazi, whose father was allowed to leave Iran in October for medical treatment after being detained on espionage-related charges rejected by Washington, said he would be on a hunger strike for the same seven days.

"All I want sir, is one minute of your days' time for the next seven days devoted to thinking about the tribulations of the U.S. hostages in Iran," he added. "Just a single minute of your time for each year of my life that I lost in Evin prison after the U.S. Government could have saved me but didn't."

Asked for comment, a White House national security council spokesperson said the government was committed to securing Namazi's freedom.

"We are working tirelessly to bring him home along with all U.S. citizens who are wrongfully detained in Iran," the spokesperson said. "Iran's wrongful detention of U.S. citizens for use as political leverage is outrageous." (Reporting By Arshad Mohammed in Saint Paul, Minn.; Additional reporting by Steve Holland in Willmington, Del. Editing by Gerry Doyle)
Belarus puts exiled opposition leader on trial on treason charges

Exiled Belarusian opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya visits Finland

Tue, January 17, 2023 
By Tom Balmforth and John Irish

(Reuters) - Belarus put exiled opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya on trial in absentia on treason charges on Tuesday, in what the outspoken critic of veteran leader Alexander Lukashenko said would be a "farce and a show".

Tsikhanouskaya, 40, fled Belarus after running against Lukashenko in the 2020 presidential election which was followed by mass protests over alleged electoral fraud. She faces a possible jail term of up to 15 years.

Following a crackdown on protesters, she became the head of an opposition-in-exile and denounced the election after Lukashenko, in power since 1994, declared himself the winner.

Tsikhanouskaya, who now lives in the Lithuanian capital of Vilnius, told Reuters in the Swiss resort of Davos that she did not expect the trial to be fair.

"In Belarus there are no honest trials. We live in absolute lawlessness in our country so tomorrow's trial will be a farce and a show but not real justice," Tsikhanouskaya said on Monday in an interview on the sidelines of the World Economic Forum.

She said she had asked for the necessary documents from the court-appointed lawyer, but had not received anything.

The BelTa state news agency said the trial had started on Tuesday morning. Tsikhanouskaya and several others were to be tried on charges of treason and attempting to seize power, the court said before the trial.

"Tsikhanouskaya, while on the territory of the Republic of Lithuania, proclaimed herself the winner of the last election... and the only national leader elected by the Belarusian people," the General Prosecutor's Office said.

A day before the trial was due to begin, Belarus brought new criminal charges against Tsikhanouskaya's jailed husband, a 44-year-old video blogger, who was arrested in 2020 while attempting to run for office against Lukashenko himself.

His arrest prompted Tsikhanouskaya to run for office in his place despite having no public profile, and she was allowed onto the ballot.

Rights activists estimate about 1,500 people are in jail in Belarus on politically motivated charges. Lukashenko, a close ally of Russia who has been in power since 1994, is a pariah in the West and a close ally of Russia.

Belarus also put rights activist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate Ales Byalyatski, and two others, on trial this month on charges of financing protests and smuggling money. They could face from seven to 12 years in jail on charges of financing protests and smuggling money.

(Reporting by Tom Balmforth in Kyiv and John Irish in Davos; Editing by Timothy Heritage)

Belarus brings new charges against opposition leader's jailed husband


 Exiled Belarusian opposition leader Tsikhanouskaya leads Vilnius march


Mon, January 16, 2023 

(Reuters) - Belarus brought new criminal charges against the jailed husband of the exiled opposition leader on Monday, accusing him of violating prison rules while serving an 18-year sentence, investigators said.

Syarhei Tsikhanouski, a 44-year-old video blogger who was arrested during an attempt to run for president against veteran leader Alexander Lukashenko in 2020, could have another two years added to his jail term under the new charges.

He rose to prominence in Belarus after comparing Lukashenko to a moustachioed cockroach from a children's fairy tale and was arrested before the 2020 presidential vote that sparked mass protests when Lukashenko claimed victory despite allegations of electoral fraud.

Tsikhanouski was convicted in December 2021 on charges of organising mass unrest and fuelling social enmity.

His wife, opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, fled to Lithuania to escape the sweeping post-election crackdown that crushed the protests.

Tsikhanouski's lawyer could not be reached for comment about the new charges on Monday.

In a statement, the Investigative Committee, a law enforcement agency, accused Tsikhanouski of "provoking conflicts" in prison, including with his cell mates, and of systematically disobeying orders.

Rights activists estimate about 1,500 people are in jail in Belarus on politically motivated charges. Lukashenko, who has been in power since 1994, is a pariah in the West and a close ally of Russia.

(Writing by Tom Balmforth, Editing by Timothy Heritage)

Belarus opposition leader denounces her trial as 'farce'


Adam PLOWRIGHT
Mon, January 16, 2023 


Belarus opposition leader Svetlana Tikhanovskaya called her trial in absentia, set to start on Tuesday, a "farce" and "revenge" from President Alexander Lukashenko, saying she had not been given access to court documents.

"These trials are not trials at all. It's a show, it's farce, but it has nothing to do with justice at all," Tikhanovskaya, who lives in exile in Lithuania, told AFP at the World Economic Forum in Davos on Monday.

"It's personal revenge of Lukashenko and his cronies, but not only against me, but other people who are opposing him," she said.

Faced with "about ten charges" including high treason and conspiracy to seize power, the 40-year-old said she had contacted her court-appointed lawyer, but he never replied.


"I don't even know what my so-called lawyer will be doing tomorrow in this court, how he's going to defend me," she added.

"I don't know how long this trial will take place, how many days, but I'm sure they will sentence me to many, many years in jail."

Lukashenko's regime has prosecuted and jailed a growing number of opposition figures, journalists and activists since mass protests in 2020.

- 'Bluffing' -


Tikhanovskaya also dismissed joint air force drills on Monday between Russia and Belarus as the latest "bluffing" from Lukashenko.

The authoritarian leader allowed his military and financial backer Russia to use Belarussian territory to stage attacks on Ukraine last February, but did not send his own troops.

"I would call it bluffing or a show for the Belarussian people," Tikhanovskaya said of the latest exercises.

"First of all to threaten them, to say 'look the Russian army is here, so sit quietly, don't oppose anything'."

She said the other purpose was "attracting the attention of Ukrainian soldiers from hotspots in eastern part (of Ukraine) to the Belarussian borders."

She added: "Ukrainians are prepared for possible land attacks. They mined a lot of kilometres of border and I think it's impossible to again invade Ukraine (from Belarus)."

Tikhanovskaya, who claimed victory in contested 2020 presidential election, said she was the first Belarussian to attend the World Economic Forum since 1992 -- two years before Lukashenko came to power.

"It's a huge honour for us because for (almost) 30 years, Belarus was like a black hole on the map of Europe. Nobody was interested a lot with what was going on there. We were considered as an appendix of Russia. We didn't have our voice," she said.

adp/rox
Industrial espionage: How China sneaks out America's technology secrets

Nicholas Yong - BBC News
Mon, January 16, 2023

GE turbine blades in France

It was an innocuous-looking photograph that turned out to be the downfall of Zheng Xiaoqing, a former employee with energy conglomerate General Electric Power.

According to a Department of Justice (DOJ) indictment, the US citizen hid confidential files stolen from his employers in the binary code of a digital photograph of a sunset, which Mr Zheng then mailed to himself.

It was a technique called steganography, a means of hiding a data file within the code of another data file. Mr Zheng utilised it on multiple occasions to take sensitive files from GE.

GE is a multinational conglomerate known for its work in the healthcare, energy and aerospace sectors, making everything from refrigerators to aircraft engines.

The information Zheng stole was related to the design and manufacture of gas and steam turbines, including turbine blades and turbine seals. Considered to be worth millions, it was sent to his accomplice in China. It would ultimately benefit the Chinese government, as well as China-based companies and universities.

Zheng was sentenced to two years in prison earlier this month. It is the latest in a series of similar cases prosecuted by US authorities. In November Chinese national Xu Yanjun, said to be a career spy, was sentenced to 20 years in prison for plotting to steal trade secrets from several US aviation and aerospace companies - including GE.

It is part of a broader struggle as China strives to gain technological knowhow to power its economy and its challenge to the geopolitical order, while the US does its best to prevent a serious competitor to American power from emerging.

The theft of trade secrets is attractive because it allows countries to "leapfrog up global value chains relatively quickly - and without the costs, both in terms of time and money, of relying completely on indigenous capabilities", Nick Marro of the Economist Intelligence Unit told the BBC.

Last July FBI director Christopher Wray told a gathering of business leaders and academics in London that China aimed to "ransack" the intellectual property of Western companies so it can speed up its own industrial development and eventually dominate key industries.

He warned that it was snooping on companies everywhere "from big cities to small towns - from Fortune 100s to start-ups, folks that focus on everything from aviation, to AI, to pharma".

At the time, China's then foreign ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian said Mr Wray was "smearing China" and had a "Cold War mentality".
'China seeks to topple our status'

In the DOJ statement on Zheng, the FBI's Alan Kohler Jr said China was targeting "American ingenuity" and seeking to "topple our status" as global leader.

Zheng was an engineer specialising in turbine sealing technology and worked on various leakage containment technologies in steam turbine engineering. Such seals optimise turbine performance "whether by increasing power or efficiency or extending the usable life of the engine", the DOJ said.

Gas turbines that power aircraft are central to the development of China's aviation industry.

Aerospace and aviation equipment are among 10 sectors that the Chinese authorities are targeting for rapid development to reduce the country's dependence on foreign technology and eventually surpass it.

But Chinese industrial espionage is targeting a wide range of other sectors too.

According to Ray Wang, founder and CEO of Silicon Valley-based consultancy Constellation Research, they include pharmaceutical development and nanotechnology - engineering and technology conducted at the nanoscale for use in areas such as medicine, textiles and fabrics and automobiles. A nanometre is a billionth of a meter.

It also includes pharmaceuticals, bioengineering - mimicking biological processes for purposes such as the development of biocompatible prostheses and regenerative tissue growth.

Mr Wang cited an anecdote by a former head of research and development for a Fortune 100 company, who told him that "the person he entrusted the most" - someone so close that their children grew up together - was eventually found to be on the payroll of the Chinese Communist Party.

"He kindly explained to me that the spies are everywhere," he said.

China needs technological knowhow to power its economy and its challenge to the geopolitical order

In the past industrial espionage from countries such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan and Singapore was a concern, Mr Marro said. However once indigenous firms emerge as innovative market leaders in their own right - and so start to want to protect their own intellectual property - then their governments start passing legislation to take the issue more seriously.

"As Chinese firms have become more innovative over the past decade, we've seen a marked strengthening of domestic intellectual property rights protection in tandem," Mr Marro said.

China has also gained expertise by making foreign companies hand over technology under joint venture agreements in exchange for access to the Chinese market. Despite complaints the Chinese government has always denied accusations of coercion.
Hacking deal a 'joke'

There have been attempts to rein in hacking specifically.

In 2015 the US and China struck a deal in which both sides pledged not to carry out "cyber-enabled theft of intellectual property, including trade secrets or other confidential business information for commercial advantage".

By the following year, the US National Security Agency had accused the Chinese of violating the agreement, although it did acknowledge that the quantity of attempts to hack government and corporate data had dropped "dramatically".

But observers say the deal's overall impact has been minimal. Mr Wang said it was a "joke" due to a lack of enforcement. Chinese cyber-espionage in the US has been "pervasive" and extends to academic labs. "It has been going on in every aspect of Western businesses," he told the BBC.

However Lim Tai Wei from the National University of Singapore noted that there were no "definitive uncontested studies" on the extent of the phenomenon.

"Some believe that there was a short dip in Chinese cyber espionage against the US, but resumed its former level thereafter. Others believe it failed due to the overall breakdown in US-China relations," he said.

Meanwhile the US is now directly trying to block China's progress in the key semiconductor industry - vital for everything from smartphones to weapons of war - saying China's use of the technology poses a national security threat.

In October, Washington announced some of the broadest export controls yet, requiring licences for companies exporting chips to China using US tools or software, no matter where they are made in the world. Washington's measures also prevent US citizens and green card holders from working for certain Chinese chip companies. Green card holders are US permanent residents who have the right to work in the country.

The US is beating China in the battle for chips

Mr Marro says that while these measures will slow China's technological advance, they will also accelerate China's efforts to remove US and other foreign products from its tech supply chains.

"China has been trying to do this for years, with muted success, but these policy goals now command greater urgency as a result of the recent US controls," he said.

With China also invoking its own national security, the scramble for a technological edge between the world's two biggest economies is only likely to intensify further.

But Mr Wang reckons that the US still holds the advantage.

"My cyber-security friends tell me when they hack Chinese sites, the only worthwhile tech [they can find there] is US intellectual property," he said.
THIRD WORLD U$A
Storms expose failures of California's homelessness programs


Tom Elias
Mon, January 16, 2023 

The spate of heavy rainstorms that swept across California during the early weeks of January exposed a lot of problems: weak bridges, inadequate reservoir capacity, poor drainage on many city streets and helplessness in the face of inevitable mudslides, to name just a few.

But the rains revealed nothing more starkly than the failure so far of California’s many programs to help most of the homeless, a failure that exposed how useless has been the bulk of the $11 billion-plus allocated for homeless aid over the last year.

One video, shot in the stormy early morning hours of Jan. 5, says a lot about this. You can see it on YouTube. The tape shows homeless individuals huddled in sleeping bags with water lapping at them. It shows people huddled under soaked blankets and in barely covered alcoves leading to building entrances. Most of all, it shows that in one city with a budget of tens of millions for “homeless services,” no one served the unhoused when they needed it most. The official death toll among California’s more than 172,000 homeless was just two, both felled by branches the storm knocked off trees and into their tents.

No one knows how many more might perish from aftereffects of extreme exposure to cold and wet. Many Californians write off the state’s homeless as some kind of human detritus because many are mentally ill or suffer post-traumatic stress disorder and are often not very functional. No matter, no one deserves the misery inflicted on the homeless this winter.

Some of California’s most prominent and powerful politicians often say they recognize this. New Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass, whose city contains more than 56,000 homeless, declared a state of emergency over their situation on her first day in office last month. She wants to humanely eliminate some tent cities, but so far has moved only a few dozen persons indoors. Gov. Gavin Newsom put more than $10 billion for homeless services into the current state budget and billions more into his next planned budget. California has more homeless today than when the 2022-23 budget passed, and far fewer shelter beds than before the coronavirus pandemic.

One thing you can safely bet: No executive heading any of the more than 50 state and local government programs for which big money is ticketed slept in the rain Jan. 5.

One state report indicates this year’s $10 billion allocation is a pittance beside what it will cost to house all the currently homeless. That assessment held it will take more than 30 times as much, or $300 billion

This sum could house many thousands, but there is no sign even that much money can end the problem. At today’s reported average cost of $830,000-plus per one-bedroom apartment, it would pay for less than 3,600 new one-bedroom units, far from enough to permanently shelter even most of today’s homeless.

Yet, use of hotels and motels bought up by state and local governments as both temporary and permanent quarters for the unhoused did not solve the problem.

Here’s an idea not yet in the anti-homelessness portfolio: Use part of the huge government allocations to buy or lease some of the hundreds of millions of square feet of vacant office and commercial space that now dogs many California property owners, the result of changes in working conditions for white collar workers. Studies indicate about one-third of them will likely operate permanently from their homes.

So far, California has seen only about 11,000 conversions to residential units permitted out of that vast space, makeovers state law now says can go forward without zoning changes. How about using some of the billions allocated to homelessness for this? It would allow far more units and take much less time than new construction.

Just as it’s time for a complete rethink of the overall housing crisis, where state officials announce new and different need estimates every few months, it’s also time for this kind of fresh thinking about housing the homeless.

For while no one knows when or where the next big chain of storms may strike hardest, it’s impossible to overstate the misery they will cause if California continues hosting as many unhoused individuals as it now does.

This article originally appeared on Ventura County Star: Storms expose failures of California's homelessness programs


More cities and states make homeless encampments a crime, leaving low-income people with few options

Claire Thornton, USA TODAY
Mon, January 16, 2023

As the number of people experiencing homelessness increases across the country, more cities and states have passed laws making it illegal to live out of tents and cars or sleep in public spaces.

More than 100 jurisdictions have had such bans on the books for years, according to the National Homelessness Law Center. In recent months, high-profile measures have been approved targeting homelessness in many western U.S. cities and across entire states.

Federal data shows 582,462 people were experiencing homelessness on a single night in January 2022. Experts warn more people will enter homelessness as housing costs increase, as has been the case for decades in cities such as New York and in much of California.

If visible, unsheltered homelessness continues to grow, city leaders will have an easier time passing measures advocates say criminalize basic needs such as sleep and sheltering oneself, Eric Tars, legal director for the National Homelessness Law Center, told USA TODAY.

"The danger is that the worse the housing situation gets, the more people we see on the streets, the more will be the push for these punitive policies," Tars said.


A woman pushes a cart past a tent along the sidewalk on Dec. 20, 2022, in Salt Lake City.

These states and cities have passed laws making it illegal to live in tents or sleep on public property:

Missouri bans sleeping in parks

On Jan. 1, a statewide ban on sleeping on state-owned land took effect in Missouri, making it a misdemeanor to sleep in public spaces such as parks or under bridges.

Experts say Missouri's law is concerning because it covers the state and adds pressure on top of municipal bans.

It's wrong to assume people experiencing homelessness can just leave and go to another state, Tars said.

People have an "assumption" that "homeless people are infinitely mobile and they’ll go somewhere else," Tars said. "But most people, contrary to this notion of vagrancy and transience, are homeless in the community where they were once housed."

Missouri's law also restricts state funding for permanent housing, a model taken from template legislation created by the conservative Cicero Institute, according to Stateline, the Pew Charitable Trusts news service.

"To take funding away from housing that has the appropriate resources attached to it is devastating, problematic and perpetuates the issue of homelessness," said Kathy Connors, executive director of Gateway180 shelter in St. Louis. She added that people experiencing homelessness who are displaced from rural areas are forced to seek temporary services available only in cities, which is straining the system.


Gabe DeBay, Medical Services Officer with the Shoreline Fire Department, checks the blood pressure of a homeless man at a tent encampment during the hottest part of the day on July 26, 2022, in Shoreline, Washington. The Pacific Northwest is experiencing a heat wave with potentially record-breaking temperatures, which is expected to last for the rest of the week.

Tennessee makes it a felony to live in a tent

In July, Tennessee became the first state to make it a felony to live in a tent or sleep on state land.

Statewide bans have been introduced in recent years by legislators in five other states, Pew says.

"Policies like this are making homelessness worse," Tars said, because arrest, jail time and a criminal record put up steep barriers to employment, securing an apartment and accessing social services.

Portland, Oregon, bans tent living


The City Council in Portland, Oregon, voted in November to approve a plan to ban living in tents and will shift people living in encampments into six city-sanctioned mass encampment sites capped at 250 people.

The measure includes plans to build 20,000 additional affordable housing units and eventually would require everyone living on the streets to move into shelters, Oregon Public Broadcasting reported.

The American Civil Liberties Union of Oregon sent the Portland City Council a letter warning the new measure could be unlawful. Last month, the civil rights group sued the city of Phoenix over a similar ban, resulting in a temporary block from a federal judge.

Oregon's recently elected Gov. Tina Kotek started her term this week by declaring a state of emergency for parts of the state that have seen huge increases in unsheltered homelessness, including Portland.


Paskal Pawlicki from My Friends House Foundation, hands a bottle of water to a homeless man in the Skid Row area of Los Angeles, Wednesday, Aug. 31, 2022.

Washoe County, Nevada, considers bans

In December, Washoe County Commissioners in Nevada voted 3-2 to consider an ordinance to ban camping in tents or vehicles and storing personal items in public when it poses "significant harm to any person, or public area." Violators could be charged with a misdemeanor or a $500 fine. Within the county, Reno and Sparks already had similar ordinances in place.

In 2021, 25% of young people experiencing homelessness served by the Eddy House shelter in Reno lived on the streets, CEO Trevor Macaluso told USA TODAY. He added that people displaced by sweeps in Reno and Sparks usually relocate their encampment somewhere else in the city, which makes the bans ineffective.
Los Angeles bans some homeless tent cities

A City Council-approved ban on tent living in certain areas was expanded in August 2022 to prohibit encampments within 500 feet of schools and day care centers after teachers and parents complained students couldn't access nearby sidewalks.

School administrators have said the ban isn't always enforced by the city and police, according to EdSource, an outlet covering education in California.

More recently, the mayors of Los Angeles and Long Beach and Los Angeles County declared states of emergency over the homeless crisis aimed at speeding up services to reduce and prevent homelessness.