Friday, June 20, 2025

 

NTU Singapore and WHO collaborate to modernize global food safety standards




Nanyang Technological University

NTU Singapore and WHO collaborate to modernise global food safety standards 

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 (From left, standing): Dr Moez Sanaa, Unit Head, Standards and Scientific Advice on Food & Nutrition, WHO; Mr Lim Chuan Poh, Chairman, Singapore Food Agency; and Professor Lim Kah Leong, Associate Vice President (Biomedical & Life Sciences), NTU Singapore. (From left, seated): Dr Simone Moraes Raszl, Scientist for Multisectoral Action in Food Systems, WHO; and Professor William Chen, Director, NTU Future Ready Food Safety Hub — the signatories at the signing ceremony on Wednesday (18 Jun).

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Credit: NTU Singapore





Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore) and the World Health Organisation (WHO) are collaborating on a new project to bolster global capabilities in food safety risk assessment, in support of the WHO Global Strategy for Food Safety 2022–2030.

It aims to modernise the global food safety framework through the application of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), which include cutting-edge techniques such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital modelling. These innovations will enhance the ways that countries can assess risks associated with novel and emerging food systems.

The three-year collaboration was announced at the WHO-NTU Joint Workshop on New Approach Methodologies in Future Food Safety Risk Assessment, held at Royal Plaza on Scotts in Singapore, during a signing ceremony today.

The collaboration intends to jointly advance the food safety field by promoting the adoption and implementation of innovative tools and technologies that are more robust, reduce uncertainty, and enhance trustworthiness.

The agreement was signed by Professor William Chen, Director of the Future Ready Food Safety Hub (FRESH), NTU Singapore, and Dr Simone Moraes Raszl, Scientist for Multisectoral Action in Food Systems, Nutrition and Food Safety, Department of Nutrition and Food Safety at WHO. Guest of Honour, Mr Lim Chuan Poh, Chairman of the Singapore Food Agency (SFA) witnessed the signing.

Prof William Chen, who is also Director of NTU’s Food Science and Technology programme, said: “This collaboration with WHO underscores NTU's commitment to advancing food safety science and innovation. Supported by FRESH and our partners in the Singapore ecosystem, we aim to develop robust methodologies that will benefit global public health, particularly to assess and regulate novel food innovations.”

Dr Moraes Raszl, WHO, added, “Ensuring safe food is fundamental to global health, sustainable development, and resilient societies. Our joint efforts with NTU Singapore exemplify our collective commitment to advancing science-driven solutions that can be shared and scaled across borders. By harnessing innovation and international expertise, we are laying a strong foundation for the future of food safety worldwide.”

The project will leverage the expertise of FRESH, a tripartite partnership between NTU Singapore, the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), and SFA.

Mr Lim Chuan Poh, Chairman of SFA and the Guest of Honour for the event, added, “This project is an illustrative example of how international collaborations can drive innovation in food safety science. As Singapore develops a more resilient and robust food system, global partnerships like this will play a vital role in ensuring the safety, trust, and sustainability of both local and global food supply chains.”

NTU and WHO will embark on collaborative research, knowledge dissemination, and the development of technical guidance to support regulatory readiness for novel food categories such as cultured meat, functional foods, and precision-fermented products.

Joint activities under the agreement also include capacity-building workshops, scientific publications, and the establishment of an applied framework for integrating NAMs into national food safety systems.

These efforts are intended to help WHO member states strengthen their food safety risk assessment capabilities and meet emerging regulatory demands.

With this milestone collaboration, NTU Singapore and WHO demonstrate their shared commitment to global health through innovation, capacity building, and scientific excellence in food safety.

The WHO-NTU Joint Workshop on New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in Future Food Safety Risk Assessment is held from June 18-20, 2025.

This workshop will focus on the integration of NAMs, such as in silico computational models and in vitro assays, to improve food safety assessment. The event will also address the challenges of integrating NAMs into regulatory frameworks and exploring their potential for novel foods.

 

 

Advancing nuclear fission models for lighter sub-lead nuclei



A five-dimensional model accurately predicts the asymmetric fission of mercury isotopes, advancing our understanding of nuclear fission beyond traditional heavy elements such as uranium and plutonium




Institute of Science Tokyo

Modeling asymmetric fission of mercury isotopes 

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The proposed five-dimensional Langevin approach predicts released energy in asymmetric fission with remarkable precision and accuracy, which is based on the role of shell effects and multichance fission

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Credit: Institute of Science Tokyo




A five-dimensional (5D) Langevin approach developed by an international team of researchers, including members from Science Tokyo, accurately reproduces complex fission fragment distributions and kinetic energies in medium-mass mercury isotopes (180Hg and 190Hg). The model successfully captures the unusual “double-humped” fragment mass distribution observed in mercury-180 and offers new insights into how nuclear shell effects influence fission dynamics—even at higher excitation energies than previously thought—advancing our understanding of fission in the sub-lead region.

Nuclear fission, the process by which an atomic nucleus splits into smaller parts, is a fundamental process in nuclear physics. While the fission of heavy elements like uranium and plutonium is well studied, lighter nuclei such as mercury (Hg) behave in unexpected ways. Experiments have shown that 180Hg undergoes an unexpected form of asymmetric fission, producing fragments of very different sizes. These findings challenge existing models and highlight the need to better understand how nuclear structure affects fission in the sub-lead region, which includes elements with atomic numbers below 82.

To better understand unusual fission behaviors in Hg isotopes, an international research team led by Associate Professor Chikako Ishizuka from Institute of Zero-Carbon Energy at Institute of Science Tokyo (Science Tokyo), Japan developed a five-dimensional (5D) Langevin model. Their work, published online in Physical Review C on May 20, 2025, provides accurate predictions of fragment distributions and total kinetic energy (TKE) and was recognized as an Editor’s Suggestion by the journal.

The study was a collaborative effort and included Dr. F. A. Ivanyuk from the Institute for Nuclear Research Ukraine; Professor C. Schmitt from the University of Strasbourg, France; and Researcher Satoshi Chiba from NAT Co., Ltd., Japan, as co-authors.  

Unlike static models, the Langevin model dynamically tracks the shape evolution of the nucleus from its equilibrium state all the way to scission, the point where it splits into smaller fission fragments. “Describing the fission of actinides like uranium is not enough to understand the full picture,” says Ishizuka. “We need consistent models that work for other nuclei too, especially lighter ones like Hg that behave differently.”

The team successfully modeled the fission of two Hg isotopes: 180Hg produced from the collision of 36Ar and 144Sm, and 190Hg from 36Ar and 154Sm. For both, they calculated the distribution of fission fragment masses and their TKEs. The model was designed to simulate nuclear fission more realistically by considering both the macroscopic, large-scale, liquid-drop-like motion and microscopic shell structure effects. 

A key improvement was the use of a “soft wall” at the boundaries of the deformation space, which accurately simulates how the shape of the nucleus evolves during fission. The model also accounted for how shell effects change with increasing excitation energy, an aspect that previous models often oversimplified.

The simulation results showed strong agreement with experimental data for both the mass number distributions and the TKE of fission fragments. In the case of 180Hg, the model reproduced the unusual double-humped mass pattern seen in experiments. A key finding of the study is that shell effects persist even at higher excitation energies of 40–50 MeV, where they were previously thought to vanish.

The model also accounted for multichance fission, a process where the nucleus emits neutrons before it undergoes fission. They found that while this process has only a minor effect on fragment mass distributions at low excitation energies, it significantly impacts the TKE, making it a valuable indicator for studying multichance fission.

Overall, these findings provide new insights into the fission process with important implications for fundamental research. “The calculations presented in this work confirm that our 5D Langevin approach is a reliable tool for the theoretical predictions of the fission process observables,” concludes Ishizuka.

 

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About Institute of Science Tokyo (Science Tokyo)
Institute of Science Tokyo (Science Tokyo) was established on October 1, 2024, following the merger between Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) and Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech), with the mission of “Advancing science and human wellbeing to create value for and with society.”

 

Green chemistry milestone: fluorine complexes from common fluoride salt



Researchers from Japan develop a safer method for the synthesis of fluoride complexes for electrochemical fluorination




Shibaura Institute of Technology

Use of Potassium Fluoride to Synthesize a New Fluorinating Reagent 

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The reaction between KF and NBR in HFIP forms Bu4NF(HFIP)3 complex through ion exchange 
 

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Credit: Professor Toshiki Tajima from Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan





Chemical synthesis lies at the heart of modern science and technology, enabling the creation of various pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional materials. While the demand for chemical synthesis grows with scientific advancements, it comes with the costs of environmental pollution and hazardous waste. To combat the same, researchers are now turning towards sustainable alternatives using green chemistry approaches. 

One such chemical process which is in urgent need for greener alternatives is fluorination. Fluorine-based organic compounds find applications in a variety of industries, ranging from pharmaceuticals to electronics. These compounds are synthesized through the process of fluorination using different fluorinating agents like potassium fluoride (KF) and quaternary ammonium fluorides like tetrabutylammonium fluoride (Bu4NF). While these reagents are promising, their reactivity is often hindered due to low solubility (as in the case of KF) and high hygroscopicity (seen in Bu4NF). This calls for the development of novel fluorinating agents with suitable properties and better reactivity. 

Against this backdrop, a team of researchers led by Professor Toshiki Tajima from Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan, came up with an exciting solution. The team developed a new fluorinating quaternary ammonium complex by combining KF with tetrabutylammonium bromide (Bu4NBr). The newly formed quaternary ammonium tri(1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropanol)-coordinated fluoride (Bu4NF(HFIP)3) showed extremely low hygroscopicity and was found to be an excellent fluorinating reagent for electrochemical fluorination. The findings were made available online on April 29, 2025, and published in Volume 61, Issue 42 of Chemical Communications on May 25, 2025. 

“KF is a safe, affordable fluorinating agent, but its poor solubility in organic solvents has limited its use. We had been exploring ways to make it more effective,” explains Prof. Tajima. “It all clicked only after we discovered it readily dissolves in HFIP." 

To develop the fluorinating complex, the team started by dissolving KF in HFIP and Bu4NBr in dichloromethane, respectively. Once dissolved, both solutions were mixed together for 30 minutes and were then subjected to filtration and purification. The resultant product was a viscous and clear liquid of Bu4NF(HFIP)3. The chemical composition of the product was confirmed through NMR spectroscopy studies. Furthermore, the approach was also applied to other quaternary ammonium bromides for synthesis of different reagents. 

The resultant products showed low hygroscopicity, which is favorable for a greater shelf life. Additionally, the synthesis only involved a basic ion exchange reaction using KF which makes the method simpler and inexpensive. Moreover, the method is also safer compared to other synthesis methods, making it a greener alternative for fluorination.  

“The new fluorinating agent we developed in this study can have a range of applications in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, functional materials, molecular probes for PET inspection, and many more...” remarks Prof. Tajima. 

Many industries use fluorinating agents for the synthesis of organofluorine compounds. Having a safer fluorinating reagent that is easier to handle could be a game-changer and is a significant milestone in the field of green chemistry. By overcoming the limitations of two different fluorinating reagents to form a novel fluorinating agent, the research has bridged a critical gap in the process of fluorination, opening avenues for sustainable and effective synthesis strategies. 

 

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Reference  
DOI: 10.1039/d5cc01341k   

 

About Shibaura Institute of Technology (SIT), Japan 
Shibaura Institute of Technology (SIT) is a private university with campuses in Tokyo and Saitama. Since the establishment of its predecessor, Tokyo Higher School of Industry and Commerce, in 1927, it has maintained “learning through practice” as its philosophy in the education of engineers. SIT was the only private science and engineering university selected for the Top Global University Project sponsored by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and had received support from the ministry for 10 years starting from the 2014 academic year. Its motto, “Nurturing engineers who learn from society and contribute to society,” reflects its mission of fostering scientists and engineers who can contribute to the sustainable growth of the world by exposing their over 9,500 students to culturally diverse environments, where they learn to cope, collaborate, and relate with fellow students from around the world.  

Website: https://www.shibaura-it.ac.jp/en/ 

 

About Professor Toshiki Tajima from SIT, Japan 
Dr. Toshiki Tajima is a Professor at the College of Engineering, Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan. He earned his doctorate from the Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, and specializes in organic electrochemistry and synthesis. He has over 56 peer-reviewed publications and over 11 book chapters to his credit. His research mainly focuses on green chemistry, environmental chemistry, and sustainable sciences. 

 

ECNU Review of Education reports on how global education leaders are responding to AI



Article highlights how global education leaders confront AI’s rise, calling for collaboration, ethics, and human-centered teaching




ECNU Review of Education

Leading Education in the AI Era: A Global Dialogue 

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This report captures insights from the 2024 Global Education Deans Forum, where deans and academic leaders from 29 countries gathered in China to explore the future of education in the age of AI. Through keynote speeches, collaborative discussions, and reflections on digital transformation, the forum highlighted global concerns around equity, ethics, and the irreplaceable role of human connection in teaching and learning.

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Credit: Professor G. Williamson McDiarmid from University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill




The latest annual meeting for the Global Education Deans Forum brought together 53 representatives from 40 institutions across 29 countries in Shanghai and Lijiang, China. An article published online in ECNU Review of Education on May 27, 2025, attempts to  capture how a group of global education leaders view the promise and perils of AI amidst a rapidly changing educational landscape.

The Global Education Deans Forum (GEDF) is an annual meeting co-organized by East China Normal University (China) and the University of Kansas (USA). The inaugural meeting took place in October 2018 in Shanghai, with 30 deans from 16 countries across six continents. The most recent forum was held from October 31 to November 2, 2024, in both Shanghai and Lijiang, China, welcoming 53 representatives from 40 institutions across 29 countries.

In the opening remarks, Dean Zhenguo Yuan from East China Normal University outlined a shift in education research from the “small science era” led by individual scholars, to the “big science era,” defined by interdisciplinary collaboration between humans and machines. He emphasized the growing need for cross-disciplinary innovation, international platforms for idea exchange, and the creative application of AI technologies.  

In his remarks, Dean Rick Ginsberg from the University of Kansas reflected on progress made on initiatives that were planned  at past GEDF meetings in Shanghai, Boston, and Dublin. These included establishing thematic continuity, developing organizational bylaws, and launching projects like the “Deans’ Dialogue” online series. He stressed the urgency of building a global network of education leaders to collaboratively navigate the AI era.

During the discussions sessions that followed, deans reported on how their higher education institutions, faculty, and students are responding to generative AI. In small groups, participants explored the impact of AI on: teacher education, school reform, the economy and culture; and instruction and evaluation.  Issues that emerged included: equitable access to AI tools, the need for responsible use policies, and the broader societal implications of AI-driven education.

The closing session featured real-time AI-based transcribed translation. In closing, Dean Yuan noted that despite the benefits of machine translation, the presence of human translators, faculty, and student volunteers remained essential in fostering understanding, warmth and connection. He pointed out that while AI handles repetitive tasks well, creativity, emotional connection, and personal engagement remain distinctly human domains. As summarized in the McDiarmid and Yin (2025) article, GEDF reinforced the message that “the heart of education lies in the unique human qualities.”

To explore more about the Global Education Deans Forum, including related articles, videos, and updates, please visit:

  1. ECNU Review of Educationjournals.sagepub.com/home/ROE   
  2. GEDF X account: @GEDF2018
  3. GEDF videos on YouTube: youtube.com/@ecnureviewofeducation6270

This summary draws on the McDiarmid and Yin (2025) article, official meeting notes, and the second author’s meeting experiences. While it captures key themes and discussions, it does not encompass the full depth and diversity of perspectives shared during the forum.

 

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Reference

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/20965311251327228