700+ Advertisers Boycott Facebook Over Hate Speech. Can The Social Network Change?

The Stop Hate For Profit campaign has garnered massive support in only a few weeks.

 But analysts say their dent in the social network’s profits won’t be enough.

By Kavish Harjai
Published on 7/2/2020 at 2:22 PM

You won’t see Ben & Jerry’s or Legos ads on Facebook in July.

These companies join more than 700 others that have said they will halt advertising on Facebook for at least a month starting July 1, according to an Anti-Defamation League spokesperson. The boycott is a part of the Stop Hate For Profit campaign and calls on Facebook to better handle hate speech and misinformation on its platform.

A coalition of civil rights groups, including the ADL, NAACP, and Color of Change among others, launched the Stop Hate For Profit campaign on June 17.

“The social media company is amplifying the messages of white supremacists, permitting incitement to violence, and is failing to disrupt bad actors using the platform to do harm,” the group said in a press release.

Some of the brands participating in the boycott, such as consumer mega-corporation Unilever, have said they’ll pause advertisements on all social media, not just Facebook and Facebook-owned Instagram. Unilever said it’ll halt all such advertisements until the end of 2020 in part because of a “polarized election period in the U.S.”

Companies including Starbucks and Coca-Cola have pledged to a 30-day pause on Facebook advertisements, but didn’t officially endorse the Stop Hate For Profit campaign.

Facebook’s ad dollars made up nearly 99% of the company’s $70 billion global revenue last year. But several experts and reports predict that the month-long boycott will hardly affect Facebook’s bottom line. Those observers have argued that most of Facebook’s ad revenue comes from small and medium-sized businesses, and that a boycott would need to involve thousands of advertisers to be effective.

A CNN business analysis concluded that most of Facebook’s top 100 advertisers, including Walmart and American Express, are not participating in the boycott. One Wall Street firm said the boycott will impact less than 5% of Facebook’s overall revenue.

Since the boycott was announced, Facebook has tried to placate some of its critics with policy updates. On June 26, Zuckerberg said the company would restrict ads that claim people of a certain race and ethnicity “are a threat to the physical safety, health or survival of others.” He also announced that Facebook would affix “newsworthy” labels to posts that the company would otherwise take down, marking a departure from its previously intransigent stance on labeling objectionable content that it says has news value. This policy could affect politicians’ and world leaders’ posts more consequentially than the company’s actions have in the past.

In May, Facebook came under intense scrutiny for not taking action on a post by President Trump that said “when the looting starts, the shooting starts.” The post was in reference to nationwide unrest after the police killing of George Floyd. Twitter, on the other hand, labeled Trump’s post with the same language, saying the tweet violated the platform’s rules on “glorifying violence.”

The Stop Hate For Profit coalition said on June 29 that Facebook’s recently announced policy changes are insufficient.

“Businesses did something incredible last week: they got Facebook’s attention,” the coalition said. “Sadly, none of these initial steps will make a significant dent in the persistent hate and racism so prevalent on the largest social media platform on the planet. That’s why we need to keep up the pressure.”

The coalition directed participating companies to ask Facebook 10 questions, such as whether the company will hire executives with civil rights expertise to evaluate its products and if the company will remove public and private groups “dedicated to hate or violent conspiracies.”

On July 1, Nick Clegg, Facebook’s VP of Global Affairs and Communications, wrote in AdAge that the company “does not profit from hate.” Clegg said the company invests billions of dollars in “people and technology to keep [the] platform safe.” The VP also said that in the first quarter of 2020, the company ”took action against” 9.6 million pieces of content. But Clegg acknowledged that with 100 billion messages being sent on the platform every day, some objectionable content falls through the cracks. He used a similar defense during a June 28 appearance on CNN, to which NYT opinion writer Charlie Warzel responded in a July 1 piece.

“Mr. Clegg’s defense is also an admission: Facebook is too big to govern responsibly,” Warzel wrote. “There will always be more work to do because Facebook’s design will always produce more hate than anyone could monitor. How do you reform that? You can’t.”

In private, Zuckerberg is reportedly unmoved by the ad boycott. Reporting from The Information revealed that the CEO told Facebook staff that the company will not change any policies “because of a threat to a small percent of our revenue, or to any percent of our revenue.”

“I tend to think that if someone goes out there and threatens you to do something, that actually kind of puts you in a box where in some ways it’s even harder to do what they want because now it looks like you’re capitulating, and that sets up bad long-term incentives for others to do that [to you] as well,” Zuckerberg reportedly said in private remarks on June 26.

Zuckerberg will meet with the boycott’s organizers next week, according to Reuters.

While Joe Biden’s campaign has aggressively pressed Facebook on content policies — most recently about the company’s June 26 updates — it will not participate in the boycott. However, Bill Russo, a campaign spokesman, told CNN that the campaign “shares the concerns” of the companies that are participating.

"But with less than five months until Election Day, we cannot afford to cede these platforms to Donald Trump and his lies,” Russo said. “Our campaign will be present every day to get our message in front of every voter to ensure Trump doesn't get another four years."
Since April 2019, the Biden campaign has spent less than $27 million on Facebook ads.

The Trump campaign, which has spent nearly $10 million more on Facebook ads than its rival campaign, will also not participate in the boycott.

NYPD Shoved Protesters And Used Pepper Spray During Queer Liberation March

Several videos show police aggressively shoving marchers and using their batons during Sunday’s peaceful march.

By Ashleigh Carter
Published on 6/29/2020 


NYPD officers were shown in videos and photos using their batons and pepper spray and shoving peaceful protesters. Credit: Gabriele Holtermann-Gorden/ Reuters

New York City police officers appeared in multiple videos pepper spraying protesters and using aggressive force during a peaceful Pride march on the anniversary of the Stonewall Inn riots that sparked the LGBTQ+ movement. Advocates including GLAAD have condemned law enforcement’s response.

Thousands of people attended the Queer Liberation March for Black Lives Matter and Against Police Brutality on Sunday afternoon, gathering in downtown Manhattan after the city’s annual Pride parade was canceled this year due to coronavirus. Dozens of videos and photos show police officers shoving crowds of marchers and using their batons and pepper spray against demonstrators.

These cops just got ran up on people pic.twitter.com/RnibVPjKfm— Eliel Cruz (@elielcruz) June 28, 2020

NYPD officers are chased off after altercations and arrests with #QueerLiberationMarch protestors in #NYC #NYCPride #nycprotests @SWNS @agreatbigcity pic.twitter.com/Ak7kvMv27J— Adam Gray (@agrayphoto) June 28, 2020

Pepper spray, including of a cop, another falls off a motorcycle, other cops pushing.... at splitter Pride march. pic.twitter.com/kauOXsAwbG— Matthew Chayes (@chayesmatthew) June 28, 2020

Organizers estimated that 50,000 people attended the march.

According to multiple reports, the largely peaceful protests became more violent during a rally in Washington Square Park where police attempted to arrest a man for tagging a cop car with graffiti.

An NYPD spokesperson told NowThis on Monday that officers arrested three people, though a legal observer told Gothamist that police arrested at least four people.

Attendee Mike Perles told Gothamist that before the police arrived at Washington Square Park, marchers were celebrating and dancing.

“We were dancing right in front of the arch on 5th ave and out of nowhere, cops started storming into the crowd,” Perles, who is reportedly a city employee, told Gothamist. “They pushed everyone in front of them out of the way and onto the ground. They pushed a reporter who was taking photos down and started randomly pepper spraying people. I couldn't see anyone instigating. It seemed like they felt out numbered after entering a huge group and panicked and started beating people up.”

The organizers of the march, Reclaim Pride Coalition, put out a statement Sunday calling the NYPD’s intervention in the march “a vast and brutal overreaction.” Organizers also said officers “punched and violently shoved” marchers and slammed a woman on a bicycle to the ground.

“I wish that I could say what I saw today was shocking, but how could I reasonably expect anything else from the NYPD?” Jake Tolan, one of the march organizers, said in the statement. “51 years after the Stonewall Rebellion, the NYPD is still responding to peaceful, powerful, righteous queer joy with pepper spray, batons, and handcuffs.”

We could not have pulled this off without the continued support of our Black & Trans organizers, supporters, endorsers, volunteers, and of course all of you marchers.
THANK YOU ALL!— Reclaim Pride Coalition (@queermarch) June 29, 2020

On the anniversary of the start of the Stonewall riots, the NYPD is attacking LGBTQ people who are marching for Pride. Let that sink in. https://t.co/j4ZL4jMHsa— GLAAD (@glaad) June 28, 2020

The celebration continued into early Monday near the Stonewall Inn, where an uprising in response to police brutality helped ignite the modern Pride movement 51 years ago. On June 28, 1969, police raided the historic gay bar, inciting a days-long riot.

Last year, former NYPD Commissioner James O’Neill apologized on behalf of the NYPD for the actions of police officers that sparked the 1969 riots.

“I do know that what happened at Stonewall should not have happened,” O’Neil said during a 2019 Pride Month community safety briefing. “The actions taken by the NYPD were wrong, plain and simple. The actions and the laws were discriminatory and oppressive, and for that I apologize.”

Several people have criticized New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio for tweeting about his support of the LGBTQ+ community on the anniversary of the movement despite police response to this year’s protests. (De Blasio has been under fire in recent weeks, after he ran on a platform of improving the city’s relationship with police.)

he tweeted this while his cops pepper sprayed the queer liberation march https://t.co/MxHt8sSo9j— alex (@alex_abads) June 28, 2020

Black, brown and white queer and trans Lives were threatened and harmed by police during a peaceful March and protest In NYC today. While the @NYCMayor shared tweets of support of our community the police shared mace pepper spray handcuffs and violent force against us.— Black femme life is precious (@IndyaMoore) June 29, 2020

Shame on @NYCMayor rainbow flags flying at city hall while the police are still beating our folks 50 years later, this was a peaceful march vulnerable communities many who have faced police violence were triggered by this violence you are complicit with the photos speak— BlackTransMedia (@BlackTransMedia) June 29, 2020

Several city officials expressed their disappointment in Sunday’s events, including Manhattan Borough President Gale Brewer and New York City Council Speaker Corey Johnson.

On the 51st anniversary of Stonewall, which should be a time of celebration, I am concerned that in these instances the NYPD failed in their duty to protect NYers & de-escalate. We need answers, especially as we approach a potential budget agreement defining our city’s values. https://t.co/QxhEuFbGLe— Gale A. Brewer (@galeabrewer) June 28, 2020

The first #Pride started as a response to police brutality. Today, peaceful protesters were pepper sprayed on the 51st anniversary of Stonewall. This is incredibly disturbing.

We need a full investigation into what happened today. https://t.co/QpUG9OIej7— NYC Council Speaker Corey Johnson (@NYCSpeakerCoJo) June 29, 2020

51 Years After Stonewall, New York’s Queer Liberation March Faces Police Violence

This is a moment of reckoning that is knitting together seemingly disparate social movements.

By Jay Walker

Protesters confront NYPD officers after they arrested a person for disorderly conduct following the Queer Liberation March in New York City. (Gabriele Holtermann / Sipa USA)

At about 4:30 PM on Sunday, June 28, I was both elated and exhausted. After marching for two and a half miles as a lead organizer of the Queer Liberation March for Black Lives and Against Police Brutality, I had taken a short break to rest and replenish near our end point, Washington Square Park. But now I was ready to go back into the post-march celebration in the center of the park. I saw in the distance that there seemed to be a commotion at the north end of the park, near the Washington Square Arch, and started to walk toward it. On my way, I ran into my friend Liz, who told me that the NYPD had pepper-sprayed the tail end of our march and that Sasha Alexander of Black Trans Media, who was running the post-march speak-out at the small stone stage in the middle of the park, had successfully implored the White people viewing the speak-out to form a barrier around the perimeter of the area to protect the Black and Brown and Trans folks speaking and watching. I glanced over at the stage area and saw the line of White faces lined up facing any danger that might be on its way and felt proud to be among these people. Then I headed to the arch. Soon, I saw people on the ground trying to flush their eyes out and ran into my friend Dinetta, who gave me more details on the police’s actions: She had seen cops ramming into protesters with their motor scooters, unleashing pepper spray on the crowd and intentionally escalating tensions. How had we gotten here?

The first Queer Liberation March and rally, held on June 29, Pride Sunday, 2019, had been an on a enormous success. The march’s organizers, the Reclaim Pride Coalition (RPC) had conceived it as an alternative to the mainstream parade, produced by the organization Heritage of Pride. We planned a march that wouldn’t have the overwhelming presence of the NYPD, whose route wouldn’t be fully barricaded, and that would avoid the overweening corporate presence in the traditional Pride parade. In addition, we sought to uplift the voices of the most marginalized communities among our larger LGBTQ+ family. After months of negotiation with the NYPD, the mayor’s office, and the Parks Department, we had successfully produced a march of 45,000 from Seventh Avenue and Christopher Street to the Great Lawn of Central Park, where a rally featuring speeches and performances from a wide swath of largely Black, Brown, Indigenous, Immigrant, Disabled, Deaf and Hard of Hearing, and Neurodivergent LGBTQ+ activists and performers. The long-standing history of police violence against members of these communities and the lasting trauma resulting from it prompted the RPC’s insistence on a minuscule NYPD presence at our march and rally. That goal was with accomplished with no barricading along our march route, which shifted to Sixth Avenue after we departed from Christopher Street, replicating the route of our inspiration, the June 28, 1970, Christopher Street Liberation Day March, the first Pride march, conceived and executed by the Gay Liberation Front.

After that extraordinary success and the appreciation we heard from many of New York City’s queer communities, the Reclaim Pride Coalition recognized a mandate to move forward with plans to replicate that success in 2020. That is, until some lady named Rona came to town and blew our Pride plans for June to smithereens. We quickly decided that we would pursue some virtual programming for Pride Sunday. But by the time we had determined the content we wanted for the livestream, we were hit by a steady stream of shocks to our systems. First, the inaction in response to Ahmaud Arbery’s murder, then the police execution of Breonna Taylor, then a white woman calling the police on birdwatcher Chris Cooper in the Central Park Ramble, and the one-two gut punches of the death of legendary activist Larry Kramer, less than a year after he had delivered an impassioned speech after our inaugural 2019 Queer Liberation March, and the murder of George Floyd by Minneapolis police. Our members and organizers took to the streets in protest. Soon, there was unanimous agreement that we would reconstitute our Pride march in person, not just virtually, one that would be held in the fully intersectional spirit of our organization’s founding. And we had to get all of that done in three and a half weeks.


Top ArticlesMaya Moore for the Win

READ MORE00:14/00:30




SKIP AD


Somehow, it worked. After we announced our plans, the NYPD reached out to us through our pro bono attorney, Norman Siegel, who has been a part of our efforts since the fall of 2018. Through Norman, we told them we would not be seeking a permit and they replied that they wouldn’t interfere. We planned to begin in Foley Square in Lower Manhattan and proceed up to the Village passing the Stonewall Inn and ending in Washington Square Park, but we resolved not to reveal our route publicly and only announced our end point on the Friday before the march.
RELATED ARTICLE

BILL DE BLASIO BROKE HIS PROMISE TO NEW YORK

the Editors

On Sunday morning, we awoke to sunshine and cloudless skies. Our team arrived at Foley Square at 11 AM to prepare. There were almost no cops in sight. We began with brief opening remarks at approximately 12:45 and after pouring libations to our murdered Black and Brown siblings, singer Xavier Smith started the march off with a stirring a cappella rendition of the “Negro national anthem,” “Lift Every Voice and Sing.” We had no difficulties along the march route. At the front of the march, there was almost no visible police presence beyond a couple of unmarked cars driving a couple of blocks ahead to ensure that the streets ahead of us were clear and an experienced plainclothes police liaison marching ahead of the marshals and staying apprised with our decisions along the route. After marching past the Stonewall Inn, we looped back on West 10th Street to Fifth Avenue and then down into Washington Square. Once inside the park, I led the lead marchers over to the small park stage to get things situated for the speak-out. Afterward I took that replenishing break and then reentered the festivities, only to find that the NYPD had caused the end of the march to descend into chaos.

Once I passed the arch, I was relieved to see that our marshals were still there on Waverly Place. I spoke to them and got the details. A truck blaring dance music had joined the rear of the march at some point during the route. That truck parked just west of the arch entrance and an impromptu dance party ensued along Waverly Place and at the bottom of Fifth Avenue. At some point shortly after the dancing began, the hordes of cops—many unmasked and improperly masked—invaded the marchers’ space.


According to several trained RPC marshals who were present throughout the melee, although the NYPD had promised not to interfere with our march, they had decided to amass a large phalanx of officers in the area north and east of the Fifth Avenue entrance to the park. Soon they were arresting a man for scribbling with a black Sharpie on the back of a police car parked nearby. Angered by the sudden police presence after a virtually cop-free march against police brutality, the crowd drew toward the arresting officers chanting, “Let him go!” Perhaps recognizing the fundamental illogic of storming into a space filled with hundreds of New Yorkers who are intent on defunding, dismantling, and abolishing policing as it exists, the cops began to panic. They called for backup and began pushing chaotically into the crowd. Cops on scooters drove directly into marchers. Using pepper spray, billy clubs, and their fists, they attacked anyone within reach, whacking people on their lower legs to cause them to fall, and generally “wilding out.” Fortunately, the trained marshals, led by veteran ACT UP activists Jamie Bauer, Alexis Danzig, and BC Craig, managed to de-escalate the situation, convincing the marchers to sit and squat down to allow people to be able to see. The cops arrested an additional two people whom they themselves had attacked. The protesters began chanting, “Who do you serve? Who do you protect?” Soon, the marchers gave the cops an exit path going west along Waverly Place and the protesters advanced along with them so as not to cede space.

Once the central arch-adjacent area had been cleared of cops, I joined the marshals in directing folks to get out of the street and back onto the sidewalks and into the park. Just as we had the area calm, scores of cops wearing riot gear trooped in marching from east to west along Waverly. The marshals kept people from surging back into the street; but not from reading the riot cops for filth verbally. Within two or three minutes, the riot cops, realizing that their presence was unnecessary and clearly provoking the protesters, exited in the direction from whence they came. Order at least temporarily restored, the lead marshals and I departed to go provide jail support for those arrested at the Sixth Precinct house on West 10th Street. It was only later that we would hear on the news that the NYPD had charged those people they had attacked and arrested with assaulting an officer. It was going to be a long night.

Late in the day on Monday, June 29, after over 24 hours in custody, the three arrestees were released, two with desk appearance tickets and one on bond. But, the further damage to the reputation of the NYPD was undeniable; just as the many instances of horrific brutality and illegal and unwarranted acts of force over the last month have. In this moment of reckoning that has come in the wake of this spring’s police murders of Black Americans, the United States appears to have entered a new phase in the intersectional activism initially prompted by the election of Donald Trump. The three and a half years of resistance, the Women’s March movement, the Dreamer and immigrant rights mMovements, the #MeToo movement, the Extinction Rebellion movement, the Indigenous peoples and sacred lands movement, the HIV/AIDS and health care equity movements, and the March for Our Lives have paved the way for the multiracial, multiethnic, multifaith, multigender, multiply sexually orientated protests that have swept the nation. And all of that work builds on the foundations laid 50 or 60 years ago, the last time we had a similarly broad national reckoning that knitted together seemingly disparate movements like the Gay Liberation Front, the women’s movement, the civil rights movement, the Black Power movement, the farmworkers movement, the anti-war movement, and the environmentalist movement. That period of common-cause activism was allowed to wither and die in the ’80s; but it appears that we may have more stamina in this moment, as well as an ability to connect with each other and maintain our movements digitally in a way that the forces of political and capitalist orthodoxy may not have the wherewithal to undo. This might be the moment that heralds a true opportunity to dismantle the White supremacist patriarchy upon which this country was founded. Can we use our information technology and organizing momentum to make progress quickly so that we are not fractured into our constituent parts again? Well, I suppose that is up to us. The only thing I can be certain of is that the third Queer Liberation March will be held on Pride Sunday, June 27, 2021.




MOST POPULAR

1

‘WE ARE NOT EVEN BEGINNING TO BE OVER THIS PANDEMIC’

2

THE WHITE LEFT NEEDS TO EMBRACE BLACK LEADERSHIP

3

IMAGINING A NEW MOUNT RUSHMORE

4

‘WHAT TO THE SLAVE IS THE FOURTH OF JULY?’ BY FREDERICK DOUGLASS

5

WHAT ARE ART GALLERIES FOR?



Jay WalkerJay W. Walker is an organizer, activist, and cofounder of the Reclaim Pride Coalition. He has conceived, produced, and co-produced numerous fundraising events, public awareness campaigns, rallies and protests focusing on LGBTQ issues, HIV/AIDS (Jay is a longtime HIV survivor), hate crimes, the movement for Black lives, and other issues over the last 20 years.

U.S. Coronavirus Cases Per Day Higher Than Wuhan Total Infections

AMERIKAN PLAGUE #CORONAVIRUSA #COVIDTRUMP

BY SOO KIM ON 7/3/20

New cases of the novel coronavirus in the U.S. climbed past 50,000 for the second consecutive day on Thursday. The latest daily figures surpassed the total confirmed cases seen in Wuhan, the Chinese capital of the Hubei province where the virus was first reported earlier this year.

The U.S. reported a record number of around 52,300 new infections Thursday, the highest daily case count since the outbreak began. Around 51,200 new cases were recorded Wednesday, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.

Around mid-April, by which time the outbreak was reported to have been largely contained in China and restrictions were lifted in Wuhan after a two-month lockdown, Wuhan's health authorities reported total confirmed cases in the city were 50,333, China's state media Xinhua news agency.


Following a review of the city's epidemiological data, the Wuhan municipal headquarters for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control issued a notification stating, as of April 16, confirmed infections in Wuhan were at 50,333, following an update of 325 additional cases. The death toll was also raised by nearly 50 percent, with 1,290 more fatalities, bringing the city's total fatalities to 3,869.

READ MORE
Chinese Citizens Use Fake Negative Coronavirus Tests to Leave Russia
Coronavirus Worldwide Death Toll Reaches 500,000
Italian Strain of Coronavirus Is Now More Dominant Than Original Wuhan One
Flu Virus With Pandemic 'Hallmarks' Emerges in China: Should We Be Worried?

"Previously, Wuhan reported a total of 50,008 confirmed cases of COVID-19 by the end of April 16. A total of 217 repeatedly counted cases should be deducted from the previous figure due to the fact that there were patients who saw doctors in different districts or visited more than one hospital," an official of the Wuhan municipal headquarters confirmed, Xinhua reported in April.

"Meanwhile, a total of 542 cases that were previously not tallied due to belated or missed reporting should be added to the figure. The accumulative number of confirmed cases was revised to 50,333," the official said.

Doubts over the COVID-19 data officially reported by China have swirled for months since the outbreak began. Back in April, 900 cases appeared to have been wrongly counted as recoveries in Wuhan, according to the latest figures from China's National Health Commission.

In February, China's health commission also reportedly removed 108 casualties from the death toll in Hubei after it emerged that some deaths were counted twice, Agence-France-Presse reported.

READ MORE
U.S. Coronavirus Transmission Rate: These States Have the Highest R Number
U.S. Coronavirus Cases Hit One-Day Record Sweeping Across 3 Largest States
U.S. Coronavirus Death Projection Falls by 20,000 Despite High Case Numbers

The notification issued in April by Wuhan health officials cited several reasons for the recent "data discrepancies," including delayed, missed or mistaken reporting due to hospital staff being overwhelmed by the surge in patients at the height of the outbreak, Xinhua reported in April.

The latest daily case counts in the U.S. approached nearly the same number as the total infections seen across the Hubei province, which has seen 68,135 cases to date, according to Johns Hopkins University.

The U.S. daily case totals for Wednesday and Thursday were each over three times the highest ever daily case count seen in China, which saw a record 15,100 new cases on February 13. The number of daily new cases in the U.S. began surpassing China's record daily case count from March 26 and continued to do so throughout the outbreak since, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University.


Daily new cases in the U.S. have been on a mostly increasing trend from early June, with several states, including Florida, Texas and California, seeing large spikes in recent weeks.

Last month, Beijing reported its first new domestic case in nearly two months after a 52-year-old man tested positive for COVID-19.

Thousands of protesters wearing masks gathered in Cadman Plaza, Brooklyn for a peaceful protest in support of the Black Lives Matter movement on June 19, 2020.GETTY IMAGES


Fears of a second wave of the outbreak were raised last month following a new cluster of cases linked to Beijing's Xinfadi wholesale food market, a sprawling complex over 20 times larger than the seafood market in Wuhan where the first outbreak is suspected to have originated, Reuters reported.

The new cases saw the Xinfandi market closed, while 11 residential areas near the market were placed under a strict lockdown. Ten communities near the Yuquandong market, which reported cases linked to Xinfadi, were also placed under lockdown.

The novel coronavirus has infected over 10.8 million people across the globe, including 84,830 in China and more than 2.7 million in the U.S. Over 521,300 people have died, while more than 5.7 have reportedly recovered from infection, as of Friday, according to the latest figures from Johns Hopkins University.


The graphics below, provided by Statista, illustrate the spread of COVID-19 in the U.S.
1 of 2


STATISTA

The graphic below, provided by Statista, illustrates the portion of people who wore a mask in April and May amid the ongoing pandemic.

STATISTA

The graphic below, provided by Statista, illustrates the seven-day rolling average of new COVID-19 cases in the U.S. and European Union.
A graph comparing newly confirmed COVID-19 cases in the U.S. and Europe.STATISTA

NONFICTION

The Day the White Working Class Turned Republican

New York construction workers, May 8, 1970.Credit...Neal Boenzi/The New York Times
By Clyde Haberman
July 1, 2020
THE HARDHAT RIOT
Nixon, New York City, and the Dawn of the White Working-Class Revolution
By David Paul Kuhn

The nation, we keep hearing on television and in social media blather, is politically divided as never before. Nonsense. The ostensibly united states have been disunited many, many times, and “The Hardhat Riot,” by David Paul Kuhn, vividly evokes an especially ugly moment half a century ago, when the misbegotten Vietnam War and a malformed notion of patriotism combined volatilely. They produced a blue-collar rampage whose effects still ripple, not the least of them being Donald Trump’s improbable ascension to the presidency.

Let’s remember what the United States was like in 1970: a country torn apart after years of political assassination, unpopular war, economic dislocation, race rioting and class disharmony. The last thing it needed in 1970 was more open fighting in the streets. But that’s what it got on May 8, days after President Richard Nixon had expanded America’s Southeast Asia misadventure into Cambodia and Ohio National Guardsmen shot dead four students during antiwar protests at Kent State University.

Kuhn, who has written before about white working-class Americans, builds his book on long-ago police records and witness statements to recreate in painful detail a May day of rage, menace and blood. Antiwar demonstrators had massed at Federal Hall and other Lower Manhattan locations, only to be set upon brutally, and cravenly, by hundreds of steamfitters, ironworkers, plumbers and other laborers from nearby construction sites like the nascent World Trade Center. Many of those men had served in past wars and viscerally despised the protesters as a bunch of pampered, longhaired, draft-dodging, flag-desecrating snotnoses.

It was a clash of irreconcilable tribes and battle cries: “We don’t want your war” versus “America, love it or leave it.” And it was bewildering to millions of other Americans, including my younger self, newly back home after a two-year Army stretch, most of it in West Germany. My sympathies were with the demonstrators. But I also understood the working stiffs and why they felt held in contempt by the youngsters and popular culture.

New social policies like affirmative action and school busing affected white blue-collar families far more than they did the more privileged classes that spawned many antiwar activists. For Hollywood, the workingman seemed barely a step above a Neanderthal, as in the 1970 movies “Joe,” about a brutish factory worker, and “Five Easy Pieces,” in which a diner waitress is set up to be the target of audience scorn. (Come 1971, we also had “All in the Family” and television’s avatar of working-class bigotry, Archie Bunker.)

Thanks for reading The Times.Subscribe to The Times


It was, too, an era when New York was changing fast and not for the better. Corporations decamped for the suburbs and warm-weather states. Kuhn notes how between 1967 and 1974 the number of Fortune 500 headquarters in the city fell to 98 from 139. Whites moved out in droves. Crime rose, and if you proposed getting tough on felons you risked being labeled a racist. Roughly one in three city residents was on public assistance. Municipal finances were in tatters. In short, 1970 New York was a caldron of misery, one rare bright spot being its basketball team, the Knicks, neatly integrated and en route to its first championship.

Kuhn quotes the estimable Pete Hamill as observing back then that the workingman “feels trapped and, even worse, in a society that purports to be democratic, ignored.” One could go further. Many blue-collar workers felt scorned — by the wealthy, by the college-educated, by the lucky ones with draft deferments, by every group that qualified as elite. They sneered back, especially at the patrician New York mayor. The way many of them referred to Lindsay, you’d have thought his first name was not John but, rather, an all-too-familiar obscenity.

Understanding hard-hat resentment, however, does not translate into excusing the violence that hundreds of them inflicted that May 8, the 25th anniversary of the Allied victory over Germany in World War II. Self-styled paragons of law and order, they became a mob, pounding and kicking any antiwar youngster they could grab, doing the same to bystanders who tried to stop the mayhem and justifying it in the name of America. Kuhn ably and amply documents the cowardly beating of women, the gratuitous cold-cocking of men and the storming of a shakily protected City Hall, where the mayor’s people, to the hard hats’ rage, had lowered the flag in honor of the Kent State dead.


“A tribal tension had infused downtown,” Kuhn observes. Among the tribes were the police, who were anything but New York’s finest that day. Mostly, they stood aside while the hard hats ran amok; examples of their nonfeasance abound. Some of them even egged on the thuggery. When a group of hard hats moved menacingly toward a Wall Street plaza, a patrolman shouted: “Give ’em hell, boys. Give ’em one for me!” Yet the police were never held accountable for failing to stop the marauding, and “few hard hats owned up to the extent of their violence.”

Kuhn favors straightforward journalistic prose, with few grand flourishes. In setting scenes, he tends toward a staccato, some of it overdone: One speaker “exuded Establishment. The jacket and tie. A WASP face with a Roman nose. The side-swept hair, straight and trim with delicate bangs, a tidy mustache, pinkish skin.” Hardly every antiwar protester merits his go-to characterization of them as potty-mouthed hippies.

But over all, this is a compelling narrative about a horrific day. In their fury, the hard hats left more than 100 wounded, the typical victim being a 22-year-old white male collegian, though one in four was a woman; seven police officers were also hurt. Kuhn concludes that while the workers plainly came loaded for bear, their tantrum was essentially spontaneous and not, as some believed, part of a grand conspiracy.

That said, they were just what some conservative strategists were looking for. Patrick Buchanan, then a Nixon aide, said of blue-collar Americans in a memo to the boss, “These, quite candidly, are our people now.” He wasn’t wrong. Republicans have since catered as ever to the rich but they have also curried favor with working-class whites, while Democrats seem more focused on others: racial minorities, gays, immigrants. Thanks in good measure to white blue-collar disaffection, Trump in 2016 narrowly won Pennsylvania, Michigan and Wisconsin, a hat trick he may yet pull off again in November.

In a way, Vietnam continues to cast its shadow. A short walk from those 1970 streets of chaos, there is a memorial to the 1,741 New Yorkers who died in the war. Its dominant feature is a wall of thick glass etched with reflections on combat, including part of a haunting letter sent home from Vietnam in 1968. “One thing worries me — will people believe me?” The Navy lieutenant Richard W. Strandberg wrote. “Will they want to hear about it, or will they want to forget the whole thing ever happened?”

Indeed, most Americans forgot about Vietnam long ago. The same has been true about the shameful hard-hat riot of 1970. Until now.




Clyde Haberman, United States Army 1968-70, is the former “NYC” columnist for The Times.

THE HARDHAT RIOT
Nixon, New York City, and the Dawn of the White Working-Class Revolution
By David Paul Kuhn
Illustrated. 416 pp. Oxford University Press. $29.95.

As U.S. Confronts Anti-Black Racism, Latinos Wonder Where They Fit In

Latinos are enthusiastically backing Black Lives Matter protests, while pushing for an acknowledgment of the systemic racism they face, too.

LaShae Brown of the Black Phoenix Organizing Collective led a training session in Phoenix. In Arizona and elsewhere, many Latinos have joined Black Lives Matter protests.Credit...Caitlin O'Hara for The New York Times

By Jennifer Medina July 3, 2020


PHOENIX — “Tu lucha es mi lucha,” several signs declared at a recent Black Lives Matter protest near the Arizona State Capitol. Your struggle is my struggle. The sea of faces included young Latinos who had marched before, during the immigrant rights movement in the state a decade ago, when Joe Arpaio championed draconian policies as the sheriff of Maricopa County. There was no doubt in these protesters’ minds: Their fights against racism are bound up together.

“Black and brown” has been a catchphrase in Democratic politics and progressive activist circles for years, envisioning the two minority groups as a coalition with both electoral power and an array of shared concerns about pay equity, criminal justice, access to health care and other issues. The ongoing protests about police violence and systemic racism encompass both communities as well — but the national focus has chiefly been about the impact on Black Americans and the ways white Americans are responding to it.

Many liberal Latino voters and activists, in turn, are trying to figure out where they fit in the national conversation about racial and ethnic discrimination. They have specific problems and histories that can be obscured by the broad “Black and brown” framework or overshadowed by the injustices facing Black Americans. For some, there is also a history of anti-Black racism in their own community to contend with, and a lack of inclusion of Afro-Latinos, who make up 25 percent of Latinos in the United States.

And while Latinos want people to understand how systemic racism in education, housing and wealth affects them, they are also grappling with an entrenched assumption that racism is a black-and-white issue, which can make it challenging to gain a foothold in the national conversation.

They often find themselves frustrated and implicitly left out.

“We are made to feel unwelcome here no matter what we’ve done or how long we’ve been here,” said Cynthia Garcia, 28, who attended the protest and whose parents immigrated from Mexico. As a child in Phoenix, she said, she regularly heard racist slurs aimed at her family and now hears the same words used against her own school-age children. She said it was important to march, both to “show up for ourselves, and to say this is wrong.”

The searching conversations among Latinos about race are unfolding at a moment when urgent concerns about health, policing and immigration are colliding. They are also taking place ahead of an election in which Latinos are expected to be the largest nonwhite voting bloc and could prove critical in battleground states like Arizona, Florida and North Carolina.

The coronavirus pandemic has torn through Black and Latino communities at disproportionately high rates, in part because so many are considered essential workers in agricultural fields, meatpacking plants, restaurants and hospitals across the country.

And as protests erupted across the country over police killings of Black people, two cases involving Latino men prompted new outcries last week: An 18-year-old security guard was shot and killed by Los Angeles sheriff’s deputies and, in Tucson, newly released police body camera footage showed a man dying while handcuffed, pleading with officers for water.

For decades, Latinos have chafed over aggressive policing tactics, including at the hands of Latino officers. In the last several years, hundreds of Latinos, mostly men, have been killed by the police in California, Arizona and New Mexico, among other states, though national statistics are hard to come by. Now, activists are pushing for a more explicit conversation about over-policing in Latino communities.

Editors’ Picks 

Could New York Finally Become a Bike City?
The Day the White Working Class Turned Republican
Don’t Hate Me, but I Hate My Job

“We’ve always known that police brutality is a Black and brown issue, a poor people’s issue,” said Marisa Franco, the executive director of Mijente, a Latino civil rights group.

“Right now it is imperative for non-Black Latino communities to both empathize with Black people and also recognize that it is in our material interest to fundamentally change policing in this country,” Ms. Franco said.

In New York, Los Angeles, Atlanta, Philadelphia and many other cities, thousands of young Latinos have shown up to Black Lives Matter protests in recent weeks. Sometimes, they speak only quietly about their own concerns of anti-Latino racism.

Other times they are more overt. In Phoenix, activists wore face masks emblazoned with “Defund Police” — the last three letters marked in red to emphasize ICE, Immigration and Customs Enforcement. An artist passed out a silk-screened Aztec-style painting that showed a black jaguar and a brown tiger, each blending into the other, his own symbolism of the moment.


A demonstrator held up a sign in Spanish at a protest against police brutality in New Haven, Conn.Credit...John Moore/Getty Images


Last week, the police in Tempe, Ariz., approved a $2 million settlement with the family of Antonio Arce, a 14-year-old boy who was shot in the back and killed by an officer in January 2019. Immigrant rights activists routinely point to the fact that local police departments often carry out immigration enforcement, leaving many Latinos terrified to call the police out of fear of potential deportation.

The fear and anger has been especially acute in the era of President Trump, who five years ago announced his candidacy by calling Mexicans rapists and criminals. The suspect in the deadliest anti-Latino attack in modern American history, in El Paso last year, used similar language in his manifesto.

Before voting in favor of a Democratic congressional police overhaul package last week, Representative Joaquin Castro spoke of Hector Santoscoy, a Mexican man who was killed by a San Antonio police officer in 1980.

“There’s no doubt that the African-American community has borne the biggest brunt of police brutality, but it’s also clear that Latinos have suffered as well,” Mr. Castro said in an interview. “There’s a kinship of experience as a community.”


Yet illuminating and addressing discrimination faced by Latinos remains a challenge, Mr. Castro said. While many Americans at least learn the basic history of slavery and Jim Crow racism against Black people, there remains a lack of fundamental knowledge about Latino history, which can make it difficult to discuss how social policies have been harmful.

“Many Americans don’t know exactly where you fit in,” Mr. Castro said.

In conversations with her three children about race, Alma Aguilar, 31, has been clear about her own experience: “We are not treated the same way as white people,” she tells them.

“People pretty much tend to attack us,” said Ms. Aguilar, who attended a small protest near her home in the Phoenix suburbs. “When my son grows up, I don’t want him to be killed by a police officer because he looks a certain way, because he’s a brown boy.”

Even the term “brown” can oversimplify matters, given that it is often used to describe people from multiple continents and different cultures, whose skin color can range from ivory to sienna. It can also be used to refer to some people of Middle Eastern and South Asian descent. The opposite of a monolith, Latinos include undocumented immigrants and those whose families have been in the United States for centuries.

At a time when Mr. Trump has made his anti-immigrant language and policies a centerpiece of his administration, some Latinos — perhaps especially young ones — see themselves as part of a broader fight for racial equity.

“Many Latino youth, they are making the connection, they are pressing their families to have difficult conversations,” said Chris Zepeda-Millán, a professor of Chicano studies and public policy at the University of California, Los Angeles.

In one indication that Latinos are reacting to the current moment with urgency, a recent poll by The New York Times and Siena College found that 21 percent of Hispanic voters said they had participated in Black Lives Matter protests, nearly identical to the 22 percent of Black voters who said they had done so.

But some activists have privately wondered whether the recent police killings of Latinos have received enough attention, and whether there is broad acknowledgment that they, too, suffer from police brutality and systemic racism.

Jonathan Jayes-Green, a longtime activist who in 2015 created UndocuBlack, an organization designed to bring attention to issues of immigration and racial justice, said he had seen a notable shift among Latinos, both in their desire to protest and their willingness to confront racism among themselves.

That activism could be seen when dozens of Latino political leaders recently signed an open letter calling on Univision and Telemundo, the largest Spanish-language news networks based in the United States, to improve their coverage of the protests and to “use their platforms to dismantle racism, colorism and anti-blackness in our own Latino community.” Mijente circulated a similar petition.

Anti-Blackness has deep and complicated roots throughout Latin America, where fair-skinned people are frequently viewed as the ideal and receive better treatment. And those views have often carried over to the United States, where some believe that assimilation is the path to equality.

“Historically we’ve tended to aspire to the American dream, to aspire to whiteness,” said Mr. Jayes-Green, who is Afro-Latino. “Latinos have a real active role to play in this fight. We can show that these fights are not separated and that we can be active conspirators in fights against anti-Blackness.”

Many liberal Latino activists have been pushing for huge changes in policing for years, particularly in large urban centers. In many large cities, there is a history of coalitions among Black and Latino community groups fighting for police overhauls, with mixed success.

“The police has always represented this outside force that could harm us,” said Rafael Návar, who said he was roughed up by the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department as a teenager.

But policing, Mr. Návar pointed out, is only part of the struggle for Latinos, who make up roughly 18 percent of the country’s population.

“This is a huge moment to expand consciousness around our own community, to recognize the contradiction of what kind of power do we and don’t we have in this country, that despite our size, we don’t even have basic needs met,” Mr. Návar said. “This country does not eat without our community, yet the people doing the work can’t keep their own family safe. The lack of power has to make us ask: What kind of respect do we have? How do we organize to have dignity?”

Like several of his friends and cousins, Victor Ortiz, 22, attended protests daily for more than two weeks. Many of their parents are working in jobs that force them to leave their home during the pandemic.

“So it’s like either way, your family is at risk,” he said. “It the same for Black folks, we know that. We have to show up for each other.”

Latinos hardly have the kind of deep political infrastructure that African-Americans have built up over decades, with many organizations working toward similar goals. Many liberal Latino activists view the Black Lives Matter movement, and the current wave of protests, as a model.

Ysenia Lechuga, 28, who brought a “tu lucha es mi lucha” sign to several recent demonstrations in Phoenix, said she found Black activism “inspiring.”

“I can come here and preach about immigrants and all the issues that we go through,” Ms. Lechuga said of attending the Black Lives Matter protests. “We get racially profiled, we get beat down.”

She thinks the current movement will have a “ripple effect” that will reach her community, too. “Everything is going to start to change,” she said.

U.S. Is 'Out of Control' Under Trump, 75 Percent of Americans Think: Poll

BY JAMES WALKER ON 7/3/20

Three quarters of Americans believe the country is "out of control" amid a spike in new coronavirus cases and widespread unemployment, new polling data shows.

A survey published by Yahoo! News and YouGov on Thursday found that 75 percent of Americans believed their country was out of control, compared to just 14 percent who felt it was under control.

A further 11 percent of all polled U.S. adults said they were "not sure" whether the country was "out of" or under control.


Older voters were more likely to say the U.S. was "out of control" amid the ongoing pandemic. Eighty-one percent of those aged 65 and older told pollsters the country was in a fiasco, while 68 percent of those aged 30 to 44 felt the same way.

Donald Trump delivers remarks during a Spirit of America Showcase in the Entrance Hall of the White House July 02, 2020 in Washington, DC.CHIP SOMODEVILLA/GETTY IMAGES

YouGov pollsters also found that opinion was slightly divided along partisan lines, with 82 percent of Democrats saying the country was out of control, compared to a little under two thirds of Republicans.


Eighty-one percent of independents further said America was out of control, while just 12 percent of the polled swing voters felt the U.S. was under control.

The downbeat assessments on the country's standing came as almost two thirds of U.S. adults (65 percent) said they believed the coronavirus pandemic was getting worse.



By comparison, just 16 percent of polled Americans felt the COVID-19 pandemic was getting better in the U.S. as Florida, Texas and Arizona reported influxes of new cases this week.

READ MORE
Biden Widens Lead Over Trump by 9 Points Since Coronavirus Pandemic Began

Trump's Approval Rating Drops to Lowest Point in 18 Months

Respondents took a similar view on the economy, with more than six in ten (61 percent) believing it was getting worse, despite an official report recording the return of 4.8 million jobs last month.

A further 21 percent told pollsters they felt the economy was improving, while 18 percent felt there had been no change on that front.

Asked who they would vote for in the presidential election as views on the economy and public health soured, 45 percent told pollsters they would be backing Biden, while 40 percent opted for President Donald Trump.

Although the overall head-to-head poll numbers did not favor Trump, his rating among independent voters looked good for his campaign. Thirty-eight percent of the swing voters said they would back the president in November, putting him three points ahead of Biden among the demographic.

A combined 13 percent of U.S. adults said they would be voting for a third party candidate, or had not yet decided.

The new poll from Yahoo! News and YouGov surveyed more than 1,500 U.S. adults between June 29 and July 1. Its margin of error stands at 3.2 percentage points.

Sea turtles find protection by Senegalese fishermen
Issued on: 03/07/2020 -

Senegalese fishermen have gone from catching turtles to protecting them

 Seyllou AFP

Joal-Fadiouth (Senegal) (AFP)

In a classic case of "poacher turning gamekeeper", the fishermen of Senegal have joined forces to protect one of the ocean's most endangered species -- the sea turtle.

Three species can be found on the Senegal coast in west Africa. The most populous is the green turtle and they are joined by the loggerhead and leatherhead which can weigh over 600 kilogrammes.

They are all beautiful creatures but each is threatened by pollution, poaching and, even now, the fishing net.

"Once we were the biggest eaters of turtles, now we have become their biggest protectors," says Abdou Karim Sall, a fisherman who is now the manager of a protected marine zone through which the turtles pass.

Some 30 years ago, turtle meat was sold in the streets of Joal, one of the most important fishing ports in Senegal, and in Fadiouth, the port's sister village built on an artificial island made from heaps of shells.

"We ate them in the street, we cooked them at home," says the 56-year-old Sall who leads the management committee for the Marine Protected Area (MPA) of Joal-Fadiouth, two hours south of Dakar.

Founded in 2004, and backed by the government, local authorities and several associations, the MPA stretches over 147 square kilometres (57 square miles) and is made up of sandy beaches along a marine strip eight kilometres wide, as well as a network of mangroves and an area of savannah.
It is an area for the protection of endangered migratory species, such as the sea turtle.

Its objectives are the conservation of biodiversity, as well as the improvement of fishing yields and socio-economic benefits for the local population.

The sea turtles navigate their way along this tropical stretch of the Atlantic during their migration of more than a thousand kilometres between the volcanic archipelago of Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau, just south of Senegal, where they return to lay eggs when they reach sexual maturity.

The green turtles are predominantly herbivorous while the other species like to snack on crab and sea urchin.

They all graze on the sea grass beds that grow abundantly in the shallow waters of the Senegalese "Petite cote" (small coast), especially in front of Joal.

Through their presence the turtles help maintain a fragile biotope, a breeding ground and nursery for many species of fish and this, in turns, boosts the economy -- the fishing sector directly or indirectly supports about 500,000 Senegalese.

- Trapped in a net -

The sea turtles' long voyage is not without risk.

Plastic is an increasing danger as they often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish which is one of their favourite foods, even for the green turtle. And, in spite of the efforts of Sall and the other protectors, they also get caught in fishermen's nets.

On a dugout canoe with a multicoloured hull at the limit of the protected area, four young bare-chested lads haul in their nets. It is the start of the migration period and they have snagged a 100-kilogramme turtle.

It takes a big pull to haul it in. They untangle the turtle from the nets and release it back into the water.

"It's not to our advantage to eat them, because they help save marine species. Wherever you find turtles you will find shrimp and octopus in abundance," explains the boss Gamar Kane.

Since 2000, Sall, as head of the local fishermen's association and manager of the MPA, has made local populations aware of the protection of turtles, in particular by organising "cinema debates".

Even former turtle sellers have been "converted" by receiving "three small canoes to take tourists to sea," he said.

According to Sall, turtle numbers have "decreased by around 30 percent in the past 20 years" but the 500-odd visitors who come each year are almost guaranteed a memorable photo of some of the thousands that still line the coast. With luck, they might also spot a manatee (sea cow) grazing peacefully in the depths.

Rather than imposing restrictions, the MPA is trying to educate the communities in the economic benefits so that they join the project.

"It's after they are told: 'It's an endangered species'," he says.

- Protect the nests -

From June to October, a few dozen turtles stop to lay eggs on the beaches of Joal. About 20 MPA agents and village volunteers protect their nests with fences.

About 45 days later, "people come at 6:00 am so that predators do not take the young", says Sall.

The danger lies largely at the feet of monitor lizards who like the eggs, the birds who swoop down just after the young turtles have hatched and the monkfish who move in once they enter the sea. The chances of survival for a young turtle are no greater than one in a thousand, says Sall.

But the fisherman-conservator agrees, "awareness has not worked 100 percent".

"Not all fishermen have turned away from turtles and when the fishing is not good, some even hunt them," he says.

They can take dozens a day, or more, to pay for fuel for their outbiard engines. And there remains a taste among the human population for turtle flesh -- and other parts.

At the end of June, the corpse of a young green turtle was found on a beach in Dakar, its belly cut down its entire length.

"Its tail and reproductive system were removed for 'medicinal' reasons," said Charlotte Thomas, an official with the Senegalese NGO Oceanium.

The struggle to protect the sea turtle goes on.

© 2020 AFP

NYAH NYAH PROVE IT
Morocco asks Amnesty for proof it used spyware on journalist
Issued on: 03/07/2020 - 

Amnesty has accused Morocco of putting spyware on the phone of Omar Radi, a journalist jailed over a social media post whose case has sparked protests STR AFP

Rabat (AFP)

Morocco's prime minister has demanded Amnesty International provide evidence to support its allegations that Rabat used spyware to bug a journalist's phone.

Amnesty said in June the Moroccan authorities used software developed by Israeli security firm NSO to insert spyware onto the cellphone of Omar Radi, a journalist convicted in March over a social media post.

The Pegasus software can switch on the phone's camera and microphone as well as access data.


If the international watchdog fails to provide evidence, the kingdom "will take the necessary steps to defend its national security" and "clear up public opinion" on the allegations, Prime Minister Saad-Eddine El Othmani said in a statement carried by the Moroccan Press Agency on Thursday.

Last week, the Moroccan authorities said they summoned the local director of the London-based group to demand proof about the "serious and tendentious accusations", but did not get a response.

Without proof, Amnesty's allegations amount to "an unjust international defamation campaign dictated by an agenda having nothing to do with human rights", the statement said.

It went on to denounce the organisation's "systematic and continual persecution against Morocco's interests".

In addition, Morocco "does not have at its disposal NSO technology", a senior government official told AFP on condition of anonymity, referring to the Israeli security firm.

Rabat said last week it was investigating if Radi received foreign funding for intelligence services.

Thursday's statement said the journalist is "undergoing a judicial investigation for suspected breach of state security, because of his links to a liaison officer of a foreign country".

It said the alleged foreign agent has "worked under diplomatic cover since 1979 in several regions of tension" around the world.

Last week, Radi told AFP the legal action was connected to the Amnesty report, denouncing the allegations against him as "ridiculous".

Amnesty said he had been "systematically targeted by the Moroccan authorities due to his journalism and activism".

In March, he was given a four-month suspended sentence for criticising a judge in a tweet.

NSO is being sued in the US by messaging service WhatsApp over alleged cyber-espionage on human rights activists and others.

The Israeli firm says it only licenses its software to governments for "fighting crime and terror" and that it investigates credible allegations of misuse.

© 2020 AFP

Canada, Sweden pave way for compensation talks with Iran on downed plane
Issued on: 03/07/2020 -

Mourners lit candles in Toronto, Canada in early January 2020 at a vigil honoring the victims of Ukrainian Airlines Flight 752 Geoff Robins AFP/File
MANY OF THE IRANIAN CANADIAN VICTIMS WERE FROM EDMONTON
Ottawa (AFP)

Canada announced Thursday an agreement to launch negotiations with Iran on compensation for the families of the foreign victims of a Ukrainian passenger plane shot down in January, with Sweden expressing confidence Tehran would pay.

An international "coordination and response group" of countries whose nationals died on the plane signed a memorandum of understanding, formally paving the way for negotiations with Tehran, according to a Canadian government statement.

The countries -- Canada, Britain, Ukraine, Sweden and Afghanistan -- each had citizens die when Tehran's armed forces mistakenly shot down Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752.


"The five states created the legal structure necessary to start these negotiations," Canadian Foreign Minister Francois-Philippe Champagne told AFP.

"It is a first step -- necessary but only a first step -- to begin negotiations to obtain reparations for the victims' families," he said.

Earlier in the day, Sweden's Foreign Minister Ann Linde told news agency TT that Tehran had agreed to compensate the families of foreign victims.

There is "no doubt" that Iran would follow through on the compensation, she said, adding that it was still unclear what sums would be paid out.

"We have signed an agreement of mutual understanding that we will now negotiate with Iran about amends, compensation to the victims' next of kin," Linde said.

Ukraine, the group's designated speaker on the negotiations, will be responsible for proposing a date to launch the talks in Tehran, Champagne said.

"These kinds of negotiations generally take several months or even years," added Champagne, whose country chairs the coordinated group.

"Iran had indicated to us its desire to start negotiations. I always judge Iran not by its words but by its actions," he warned.

The 176 victims of the crash, which occurred shortly after taking off from Tehran airport on January 8, were mostly Iranian-Canadians.

Of countries apart from Iran, Canada was the hardest hit, with a total of 85 victims (both citizens and permanent residents).

The Islamic Republic admitted days after the downing that its forces accidentally shot the Kiev-bound jetliner.

At the end of June Iran officially enlisted the help of France's BEA air accident agency to download and read the data on the flight recorder.

Ottawa had been demanding that Iran, which does not have the technical means to extract and decrypt the data, send the plane's black boxes abroad.

© 2020 AFP

Little-known archives discreetly testify to Europe's wars
Issued on: 03/07/2020 -

Former OSCE Documentalist Alice Nemcova looked after the archives of the OSCE from 1991 until last month Michal Cizek AFP

Prague (AFP)

They are gathering dust on shelves, but could make war criminals tremble: the archives of the OSCE, an international organisation addressing security-related concerns, are increasingly becoming a source for those who seek to prove abuses committed during conflicts in Europe.

The field reports of the observers of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe -- stacked in an elegant white villa on a leafy hill on the outskirts of Prague -- document conflicts on the continent since 1975.

No media have until now been allowed access, according to the OSCE, as the organisation -- set up during the Cold War to build trust between the West and the Soviet Union -- usually doesn't seek publicity to continue collecting information from the ground as much as possible.


But it is here that famous prosecutor Carla Del Ponte combed through documents for the 2002 indictment of former Serbian president Slobodan Milosevic.

- Precedent set -

Documentalist Alice Nemcova, who reigned over this universe of cardboard boxes enclosing billions of yellowed A4 sheets from 1991 until last month, has seen the collection gain in importance over the years.

"The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) set a precedent by wanting to access our files," the 63-year-old told AFP.

"Mrs Del Ponte kept asking for more. She received four metal boxes filled with testimonies and photos of mass graves," Nemcova recalled.

The UN established the ICTY in 1993 to try perpetrators of war crimes committed in the ethnic violence that followed the break-up of the former Yugoslavia in the 1990s.

Milosevic, who faced 66 counts including genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity in the former Yugoslavia, was never convicted as he died in prison in 2006 during the trial.

However, others accused by the tribunal have been found guilty and jailed.

"The International Criminal Court (ICC) also made a request concerning Georgia in 2012," Nemcova revealed.

Four years later, the Netherlands-based ICC launched an investigation into the conflict between the Caucasus country and Russia.

The Kosovo Force (KFOR), the NATO-led troops tasked with protecting Kosovo for the past two decades, also applied for access to the OSCE in 2017, as did the Red Cross, which was looking for people who had gone missing in conflicts.

- 'Invaluable source' -

The OSCE is an important source of information because it "specialises in questions of democracy, freedom and minority rights" and is a constant presence on the ground over an area larger than that of the European Union or NATO, said researcher Nicolas Badalassi.

From Vancouver to Vladivostok, the Vienna-based OSCE has 57 member states, and its archives are "enormous", said Badalassi, who lectures contemporary history at the Institute of Political Studies in Aix-en-Provence, France.

OSCE is the only international organisation to have immediately gone to the crash site of Malaysian Airlines flight MH17, which was shot down by a Russian-made missile over rebel-held eastern Ukraine in 2014, killing all 298 people aboard.
A trial opened in March in the Netherlands against four men -- three Russians and one Ukrainian -- accused of downing the plane.

The OSCE has had observers in the rebel-held eastern Ukraine for years to monitor the conflict there.

"In the future, it is clear that the reports in Ukraine since the start of the war in 2014 will be an invaluable source for justice," Badalassi said.

"In fact, I don't see anyone else describing the crisis as seen from the inside. Besides, observers have even been kidnapped -- to hinder their work."

Even after the Cold War, the OSCE also maintained offices in many countries and regions, including those accused of authoritarianism, such as Chechnya and Belarus.

It also sends election observers regularly to monitor polls around the world.

But not everyone looks towards the OSCE archives kindly.

A former rebel leader once tried to have his name deleted from its search engine. "He must not have had a clear conscience," Nemcova said.

© 2020 AFP