Tax on farming emissions vital to Denmark's climate targets, says government adviser

Euronews
Tue, 21 February 2023

Tax on farming emissions vital to Denmark's climate targets, says government adviser

Denmark should aim to reduce beef and dairy production by introducing a farming emissions tax of 750 Danish crowns (€101) per tonne in order to reach its ambitious climate targets, the government's independent adviser said on Monday.

A tax on farming will increase the incentive for farmers to switch to crops and pork production which emit less greenhouse gases than cattle, according to a report by the Danish Climate Council. The council provides recommendations to the government.

The new government said in December it sees an emissions tax on farming as crucial to achieving a binding target of reducing CO2 emissions by 70 per cent of 1990 levels.

It would become the second country in the world to introduce such a tax after New Zealand announced it would put a price on agricultural greenhouse gases from 2025.

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Emissions from farming are expected to grow in Denmark

Emissions from belching cows are a major component of agricultural methane. If no new policies are introduced, farming in Denmark is expected to account for around 40 per cent of emissions in 2030, the council says.

The sector currently accounts for 28 per cent of emissions, according to Statistics Denmark.

Emissions from beef and dairy production need to be reduced for Denmark to meet its climate targets. - Pexels

A carbon tax of 750 crowns per tonne would be similar to the level for other carbon-heavy industries which was agreed by the country's parliament in June last year. This levy is expected to play a big part in efforts to reduce national emissions and reach wider EU climate targets.

Government estimates say it could reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 3.7 mullion tonnes every year by 2030.

A farming lobby group has warned, however, that an agricultural tax would lead to a wave of bankruptcies among farmers.

Such a tax would "move jobs abroad and prevent Denmark from developing the solutions that can really make a difference to the climate", said Niels Peter Norring, head of climate for the Danish Agriculture & Food Council.

The industry should also look into alternative solutions like cattle feed additives, which could lower the amount of methane released from cows by 25 to 30 per cent, he said.

GUNS OR BUTTER; WAR CAPITALI$M

UK Tomato shortage widens to more fruit and vegetables and likely to last ‘weeks’

Michael Howie
Tue, 21 February 2023

A customer shops for vegetables in the fruit and vegetable section of a Sainsbury’s supermarket in east London on Monday (AFP via Getty Images)

A shortage of tomatoes affecting UK supermarkets is widening to other fruit and vegetables and is likely to last weeks, retailers have warned.

A combination of bad weather and transport problems in Africa and Europe has seen UK supermarket shelves left bare of tomatoes, as well as dwindling stocks of some other fresh produce.

Asda has introduced a customer limit of three on tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, lettuce, salad bags, broccoli, cauliflower and raspberries, and Morrisons said it would be introducing limits of two items per customer across tomatoes, cucumbers, lettuce, peppers from Wednesday.

Other supermarkets are understood to be considering similar temporary measures.

It is understood that retailers believe the problems stem from poor yields on the continent and north Africa, and that supplies will improve in the coming days or weeks.

Supermarkets are adept at managing supply chain issues and are working with farmers to ensure that customers are able to access a wide range of fresh produce

Andrew Opie, of the British Retail Consortium

An Asda spokesman said: “Like other supermarkets, we are experiencing sourcing challenges on some products that are grown in southern Spain and north Africa.

“We have introduced a temporary limit of three of each product on a very small number of fruit and vegetable lines, so customers can pick up the products they are looking for.”

Andrew Opie, director of food and sustainability at the British Retail Consortium, which represents UK supermarkets, said: “Difficult weather conditions in the south of Europe and northern Africa have disrupted harvest for some fruit and vegetables including tomatoes and peppers.

“While disruption is expected to last a few weeks, supermarkets are adept at managing supply chain issues and are working with farmers to ensure that customers are able to access a wide range of fresh produce.”

Shoppers across the country have been sharing their frustration on social media after being unable to find certain products at their local stores.

Growers and suppliers in Morocco have had to contend with cold temperatures, heavy rain, flooding and cancelled ferries over the past three to four weeks – all of which have affected the volume of fruit reaching Britain.

Supplies from Britain’s other major winter source, Spain, have also been badly affected by weather.

Production problems in Morocco began in January with unusually cold night-time temperatures that affected tomato ripening.

These were compounded by ferry cancellations due to bad weather, hitting lorry deliveries.

Producers have also reported having to cut back on their use of greenhouses due to higher electricity prices.

However, UK producers are beginning to move into their growing season, which is expected to ease the longer term situation as retailers also look to alternatives to produce from Spain and northern Africa.

Tory ministers failing to help farmers deal with Brexit fallout, says NFU


Adam Forrest
Tue, 21 February 2023 

THE COW WHISPERER

Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer during his visit to Home Farm in Solihull, West Midlands (PA)

Rishi Sunak’s government is failing to “back up its rhetoric” with action to help farmers hit by post-Brexit changes, labour shortages and rising costs, the National Farmers’ Union (NFU) has said.

NFU president Minette Batters warned that “the clock is ticking” on support for farmers and growers struggling with a wide range of issues – including the environment land management schemes (ELMs) aimed at replacing EU subsidies.

“We have seen progress”, said Ms Batters at the NFU conference in Birmingham – pointing to the prospectus for the post-Brexit subsidy scheme and increases to seasonal agricultural workers schemes.

But she added: “More often than not – it has been incredibly hard getting government to back up its rhetoric with concrete actions. The time is nearly up for government to demonstrate its commitment to food and farming in our great country, not just by saying they support us, but by showing us they do.”

The NFU president also said farms were struggling with labour shortages and soaring energy prices, with the poultry industry was “reeling from avian influenza”.

Ms Batters said costs in agriculture have risen almost 50 per cent since 2019 and UK egg production has fallen to its lowest level in nine years. “In 2022, UK egg packers packed almost a billion fewer eggs than they did in 2019,” she said.

Sir Keir Starmer addressed delegates at the NFU conference, where he pledged that 50 per cent all public sector food will be locally and sustainably produced under a Labour government.

The Labour leader promised a “better trading relationship” with the EU for farmers, as well as pushing for high British food standards.

Asked about labour shortages, Sir Keir warned: “I think the days of cheap labour in the way that we have had for many years are probably over.”

Ms Batters warned: “I won’t let the opposition off the hook either, I believe the rural vote will be crucial in the next election.”

Meanwhile, farming minister Mark Spencer said more than £168m in grants are to be made available to farmers this year – including money to boost food production, pay for equipment and automation, and fund smaller abattoirs.

Speaking at the NFU conference, Mr Spencer said the money will sit alongside the ELMs, which pay farmers for improving biodiversity on their land.

ELMs have taken five years to draw up and are the replacement for the EU common agricultural policy. Farmers can be paid for planting hedgerows and maintaining wildflower meadows and peatland.

Mr Spencer said: "The role farmers play in putting food on our tables as well as looking after our countryside is crucial. We know that sustainable food production depends on a healthy environment, the two go hand in hand.”

The Sunk government said it wants to offer £600m out of a £2.4bn budget to support productivity and animal welfare through grants and other measures.

It also said it wants to support small abattoirs which are “crucial” for the rural economy. “The availability of funding will help abattoirs to invest in new technology and improve productivity and animal health and welfare, allowing our agriculture sector to get its high-quality produce to market.”

UK Chancellor faces calls for bigger public sector pay after January budget surplus

Henry Saker-Clark, PA Deputy Business Editor

Tue, 21 February 2023 

Chancellor Jeremy Hunt is facing pressure to improve public sector pay rises for workers next month after official figures showed state finances were stronger than expected.

The Office for National Statistics revealed on Tuesday that the Government reported a surprise monthly surplus of £5.4 billion in January, driven by record returns from self-assessed income tax.

It comes weeks before Mr Hunt will set out his plans for tax and spending in the Budget on March 15.

Economists have highlighted that public finances are weaker than a year ago but appear noticeably more robust than recent forecasts.

(PA Graphics)

Cara Pacitti, senior economist at the Resolution Foundation, said: “The Chancellor is approaching his upcoming Budget with significantly healthier borrowing levels than was forecast last Autumn.

“The extra fiscal headroom should allow him take on some key issues, however – namely corporate reform, boosting workforce participation and preventing a spike in energy bills this spring.”

January’s figure was a £7.1 billion smaller surplus than in January 2022 but was £5 billion larger than had been previously predicted by the Office for Budget Responsibility.

A budget surplus takes place when tax revenue received is larger than government spending.

Economists were surprised by the surplus having predicted borrowing of £7.8 billion for the month, according to a consensus from Pantheon Macroeconomics.

The Chancellor said he was committed to reducing debt despite the improved monthly performance.

Mr Hunt said: “We are rightly spending billions now to support households and businesses with the impacts of rising prices – but with debt at the highest level since the 1960s, it is vital we stick to our plan to reduce debt over the medium term.

“Getting debt down will require some tough choices, but it is crucial to reduce the amount spent on debt interest so we can protect our public services.”

However, Michal Stelmach, senior economist at KPMG UK, said the figures showed finances are more than £30 billion better off than recent OBR forecasts projected.

He said: “Government spending on subsidies – which include the energy support – so far came in £6.8 billion below the £44 billion expected by the OBR this fiscal year, suggesting that milder weather and lower demand for gas have helped keep the cost down.

“Year-to-date borrowing has so far undershot the OBR’s forecast by £30.6 billion, which could tempt the Chancellor to offer a pay increase to public sector workers as part of his Budget next month, hoping to prevent another wave of strikes.”

Paul Nowak, general secretary of the TUC union, said the rosier picture means “the government is running out of excuses” not to offer an improved pay deal.
“Jeremy Hunt must come out of hiding and help break the deadlock on public sector pay,” he added.

However, Martin Beck, chief economic advisor to the EY ITEM Club, stressed that better borrowing figures “may not translate into more fiscal headroom for the Government”.

He said: “The extent to which the OBR deems the improvement in tax revenues to be structural is uncertain, and there’s a question mark over how it will adjust its estimates of the economy’s potential output growth in next month’s Budget.”

(PA Graphics)

The surplus was partly driven by £21.9 billion of self-assessed income tax receipts for the month, which represented the highest total for the month since records began in 1999.

This partly offset higher spending as a result of energy support for households and businesses due to rocketing prices.

In January, payments to energy suppliers hit roughly £8 billion as a result of the Government’s price cap schemes.

It also confirmed that the fourth round of payments under the energy bills support scheme – which paid £400 to households over six months to help cut their bills – cost a further £1.9 billion.

The ONS said central government spending jumped by more than £20 billion to £103.6 billion for January, compared with the same month last year.

This included £6.7 billion of interest on government debt – the highest January reading since records began.

January also saw a £2.3 billion charge to the UK brought by the EU and relating to undervalued customs duties on Chinese footwear and textiles while the UK was a member state.

The higher interest payment comes after continued interest rate increases by the Bank of England. The rate is now 4%.

The UK’s overall national debt was almost £2.5 trillion in January, reflecting an increase of £143.4 billion compared with the previous January.

It means debt as a share of the economy represented 98.9% of UK GDP, hitting levels “last seen in the early 1960s”, according to the ONS.

Big banks are raking in billions, and we all pay the price – time for a new windfall tax


Fran Boait
Tue, 21 February 2023 

Photograph: Justin Tallis/AFP/Getty Images

Another week, another corporate monopoly recording huge profits off the backs of millions struggling to pay bills, feed their families and keep the lights on. This time it’s the turn of the big banks, which are reporting record profits driven by the interest rate hikes that the Bank of England has continued to ratchet up, despite its own admission that this may do little to bring down inflation, which is driven by high fossil fuel prices.

Today HSBC reported doubling its quarterly profits to £4.3bn for the end of 2022. The big five banks – Barclays, HSBC, Lloyds TSB, NatWest and Standard Chartered – look set to post profits of £37.4bn as they reveal their earnings for 2022. These are the highest since the 2008 crash and are coming straight from households and small businesses in the form of higher mortgage payments, and increased rates on loans. Banks are also set to receive £150bn in the next six years from the Bank of England paying interest on the risk-free reserves banks hold with the central bank, an average of £25bn a year essentially just for sitting on cash.

The scale of this transfer from the public to banks is especially difficult to justify at a time when most workers are barely able to cover the essentials, and public services are facing even more cuts. And it’s not as if the banks are passing these interest rate hikes on to savers; they are hoarding them, and paying out huge bonuses after the government removed the bonus cap. Last week Barclays reported £1.8bn was paid out in bonuses, from a total of £7bn profit, and NatWest profits increased by a third to £5.1bn.

The interest rate hikes that banks are benefiting from are not inevitable or necessary, they are a symptom of the dysfunctional institutional setup of macroeconomic policy and economic thinking. The idea is that by increasing the cost of credit, businesses will cut back on staff, increasing unemployment, and so reducing the ability of workers to win higher wages. But wages are not driving inflation – pay has been failing to keep up with inflation for more than a decade in the UK. The main culprits are fossil fuel prices and corporate profiteering.

Aside from the reality of what is driving inflation, surely economic policy should never be purposefully driving unemployment, lowering wages and pushing people into poverty? And if it does, shouldn’t we ask what kind of economy we are living in? And while the governor of the Bank of England has criticised workers for asking for a pay rise, he has supported lifting the bankers’ bonus cap, and the Bank has itself given out £23m in bonuses, all the while saying nothing about the role of corporate profits.

Just like oil and gas companies, banks are cashing in on the cost of living crisis, and should be subject to the same taxes on their unearned windfalls. The former Bank of England deputy governor Sir Charlie Bean has supported the plan, suggesting that it could raise tens of billions of pounds. If the government increased the existing surcharge on bank profits from 3% to 35%, in line with the energy profits levy, this would raise £67bn over the next five years. A bank windfall tax must avoid the loopholes the energy levy contained, which BP and Shell have exploited in recent months. The oil giants have been allowed to avoid paying the tax in full by chucking loads of money into fossil fuel exploration.

Bank profits are being announced amid a backdrop of giveaways to the City from the government. Rather than any increase to the banking surcharge, in the last budget bankers won a 60% reduction to it, from 8% to 3%. As usual City lobbyists rolled out myths about themselves as the “engine of the economy, providing jobs and investment up and down the country”. The reality is that big banks are heaping crippling interest rates on to small businesses and mortgage holders, while reducing the amount they lend to those who need it.

This year the Edinburgh reforms, otherwise known as big bang 2.0, will rip up the post-crash regulation aimed at constraining banks’ worst excesses. It should come as no surprise that the Conservative party is a cheerleader for the finance sector, from the direct financial ties, the revolving door and the direct lobbying access. Between 2020 and 2021, the Conservatives received £11.5m from the finance sector and almost one in three meetings with Treasury ministers were with big finance and its lobbyists; it is by far the most powerful lobbying force in the UK. Evidence of them falling over themselves to help out big finance was on display this week as the City minister, Andrew Griffiths, even proposed banks could sue the Bank of England for forcing them to hold more capital against their lending, ie for doing their job of protecting financial stability.

Unexpectedly, the precedent for applying a bank profit windfall tax after interest rate hikes comes from Margaret Thatcher, an infamous champion of the City. And she did it while pushing forward with financial deregulation, culminating with the original “big bang”. The parallels with 1981 are a reminder that while a windfall tax would be a step in the right direction, it would have to be part of a wider agenda to loosen the grip big finance has over our democracy, rein in the big banks, and purpose finance with the task of actually supporting communities, and a green, just, transition.

Fran Boait is executive director of campaign group Positive Money

UK NHS STRIKE
Biomedical scientists at Blackburn hospital striking over pay and conditions

Nat Goodlad
Tue, 21 February 2023

Biomedical scientists at Royal Blackburn Hospital will strike on Wednesday this week

Around 70 biomedical scientists at the East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust will strike at Royal Blackburn Hospital from 7am to 7pm tomorrow (Wednesday, February 22).

The workers’ union, Unite, says more strikes will be scheduled if the government fails to address poor pay and unsafe staffing across the NHS.

With more ambulance worker strikes also set for the coming weeks, Unite has again hit out at the prime minister for failing to get into the room to address chronic low pay and unsustainable workloads.

These issues are driving a recruitment and retention crisis and devastating the NHS, Unite said.

Unite ambulance workers in the North West are to stage strike action again on Wednesday in the ongoing row over pay and conditions.

Unite general secretary Sharon Graham said: “The government’s refusal to do its job, to get around the table and negotiate a solution to these strikes, is frankly shocking.

"They are failing the country and failing the NHS.

“The strikes are spreading. More health workers are taking a stand for patients and for decent pay. Meanwhile, Rishi Sunak remains missing in action.

“Unite’s NHS members are fighting for the future of our health service. They are faced with a government that appears to be hell-bent on destroying it. They have their union’s full support.”

The biomedical scientists are part of East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust’s pathology department.

They analyse patients’ blood samples at Royal Blackburn Hospital and Burnley General Teaching Hospital.

Unite regional officer Keith Hutson said: “NHS workers are striking because they know without a proper pay rise, more staff will leave the health service.

This will turn the current crisis in patient care into a disaster.”

The Government has said the Health Secretary "has been clear he wants to continue discussing how we can make the make the NHS a better place to work for all".

East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust has been contacted for comment.

‘We are failing families’: Burnt out junior doctors on why they voted to strike


Maryam Zakir-Hussain
Tue, 21 February 2023

Junior doctors who have voted unanimously for a 72-hour walkout said they think about quitting “every day” as they claim severe understaffing puts them and their patients at risk.

Feeling “burnt out” and “traumatised,” the doctors claim they are “endlessly firefighting” resulting in patients suffering and staff dreading coming into work.

A lack of staff also leaves medics working in “unsafe environments” as they battle with exhaustion and the constant fear of making high-risk mistakes, they say.

Dr Martin Whyte, deputy co-chair of the Junior Doctors Committee, said the system cannot cope (Supplied)

Dr Martin Whyte, a paediatric registrar and deputy co-chair of the Junior Doctors Committee, told The Independent that doctors feel like they are “failing families” due to a “fundamental issue of staffing and resourcing”.

“There is a real sense of moral injury,” Dr Whyte said. “We are not able to offer care at the standards we want to deliver because this system cannot cope with the volume of patients that are coming in.

“I’ve come onto shift with over 20 children waiting between six to seven hours to be seen,” he continued. “Within paediatrics, we’ve seen waiting time double. There is a real sense of failing these families. The children spend too much time in the hospital and we want to get them home as quickly as possible.

“But if the NHS can’t retain doctors and nurses, these problems aren’t going to go away.”

The issue of critically-low staffing issue was also highlighted by a junior doctor, who does wish to be named, claiming she often works 13-hour shift with no breaks in a London hospital.

Junior doctors who have voted unanimously for a 72-hour walkout have said they think about quitting “every day” (PA)

“We don’t have the minimum staffing level which is deemed to be safe for patients. So we’re more scared of making mistakes,” she said.

“In ICU, you are meant to have one-to-one nursing for patients. But we actually have two patients per nurse which means we can’t give care to the optimum level.

“Patients can deteriorate because we are stretched and see them later than planned. It’s so upsetting as a doctor, but we are really trying.”

Almost 37,000 junior doctors belonging to the British Medical Association (BMA) – 98 per cent of those who voted – said yes to next month’s strike action.

The BMA claims that, after a real-terms pay cut of more than 26 per cent since 2008, junior doctors were offered an “insulting” 2 per cent pay rise in the current year.

Junior doctors are to stage a walkout in a dispute over pay (PA)

“I get really upset because I love medicine, but I don’t like working as a doctor in the UK,” the junior doctor said.

“We’re portrayed as money-hungry, but we’re not even asking for a pay increase. We’re just asking for pay restoration. A lot of first-year doctors are struggling to pay their rent.”

Echoing the claim that salaries do not represent medicine’s “long-training programmes,” Dr Whyte said: “People are going to Australia and New Zealand because they can get paid two or three times the salary.”

A survey from BMA showed that in 2022, 6,950 doctors applied for a certificate to work abroad – an increase of 24 per cent on the previous year.

According to the recruitment website Glassdoor, as of February, junior doctors in Australia earn an average of £70,000 Australian dollars - around £40,000.

Another London-based junior doctor, who does not wish to be named, said “the thought of leaving crosses [her] mind every day”.

Nurse have already staged a number of walkouts (REUTERS)

She claimed that on the weekends, junior doctors are expected to “manage a whole hospital which normally is run by teams from every department”.

Despite this, she said: “Junior doctors are not treated with respect, are not well-supported and not well-paid. We’re like a little traumatised family.

“If the government doesn’t put more money into paying staff on the front line, then no one is going to stay. Doctors and nurses aren’t machines, we have to put our finances first.

“As much as we love taking care of people, it’s not enough to make you happy.”

Health secretary Steve Barclay said: “We hugely value the work of junior doctors, and it is deeply disappointing some union members have voted for strike action.

“As part of a multi-year deal we agreed with the BMA, junior doctors’ pay has increased by a cumulative 8.2 per cent since 2019/20. We also introduced a higher pay band for the most experienced staff and increased rates for night shifts.”

The Department of Health has been contacted for comment.

‘Junior doctors are going to Australia in droves because they come out with £100,000 debt here’

Rosa Silverman
Tue, 21 February 2023 

Dr Jim Down on the NHS: 'I’m sure there are reforms to make, but really it comes down to investing' - Heathcliff O'Malley

Lying in bed at night, Dr Jim Down sometimes imagines being in the intensive care unit (ICU) where he works, “wired up to the bleeping machinery … with tubes into my stomach, airway, arteries and veins.” Not immensely comforting thoughts for a self-confessed hypochondriac.

Indeed, working as an intensive care doctor may seem an unlikely career choice for someone who suffers from health anxiety. Not unexpectedly, practising medicine hasn’t helped Dr Down’s. As a medical student, he worried he had every disease going. “Apart from in obs and gynae!” he says.

Undeterred, he opted for a role as a critical care consultant in the ICU at London’s University College Hospital, where he has worked since 2005. Here, among the breathing tubes and digital displays of the ventilators, life and death decisions are routinely made. It’s an area of medicine that mercifully few of us have glimpsed – but one he has helped to demystify in his compelling new memoir, Life In The Balance.

The aim of his second book (his first, Life Support, chronicled his time working through the Covid crisis) is to show what happens in an ICU, but also to prompt conversation about difficult ethical questions around the value of human life: “What’s the right thing to do, how much suffering is worth it, [what is] quality of life?” he says, listing what’s at stake. “There are some big dramatic days [in ICU] but more of the time is spent wrestling with what to do.”

Working in a major teaching hospital in central London, Dr Down has lived through more of recent history than most. He was a new consultant when the July 7 terror attacks brought carnage to the capital. His gut-wrenching descriptions of injuries are graphic. “Her lower limbs had taken the full force of the blast and were a mangled mess of tendons, muscle and skin,” he writes of a 33-year-old casualty. “As we tilted her to the trolley it became apparent that someone else’s foot was embedded in her thigh…”

Dr Down dealt with victims of the 7/7 terror attacks while working at a teaching hospital in central London - Getty

The following year, former Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko was admitted to Bed 9 in the hospital’s ICU, having been poisoned with radioactive polonium-210. “Eventually, we accepted the inevitable and terminated CPR,” he writes. “I had been a consultant for a little over a year and this man was the lead item on the national news. He had died on my watch and I didn’t know why.”

Would he and his colleagues also suffer the adverse effects of polonium? How a self-confessed hypochondriac coped is hard to fathom, and yet he did, and ploughed on.

Growing up in Dorset, his father was a doctor, but young Jim was convinced medicine wasn’t for him until aged 17, when a week of work shadowing made him think, “Actually, I really quite like it.”

This, despite his habit of fainting when things got messy.

Now 52, he juggles the ICU with family life: he met his wife of 16 years, actress Patricia Potter, 47, in 2003 on the set of BBC drama Holby City, when he was a medical adviser, and the couple have 13-year-old twins. With age has come experience but, counterintuitively, not a tougher skin. “[As] a junior doctor, you’re 25, you think you’re immortal. As I’ve got older, I relate to the patients more. In many ways I’m more affected now, I’m more doubtful.”

Decisions, such as when to continue trying to save a patient, and when to accept defeat, can seem less clear. Does confronting the precariousness of human life every week affect his philosophical outlook? “When I see people [in ICU], I always think ‘God, [I’m] so lucky, love every minute of your life,’” he says. “And then within five minutes of coming home I’m shouting at the children.”

On the page, he comes across as a sensitive man prone to doubts, trying to find the best solution to dilemmas few of us face in our daily lives: how to decide, for instance, who should get an ICU bed when there aren’t enough. He calls it the “impossible daily bed puzzle”, describing one fraught shift: “Now, we had 10 patients trying to get into seven beds…Should we downgrade? Cancel? Wing it and kick the problem down the road?”

Down treated former Russian spy Alexander Litvinenko just a year after qualifying - Getty

The options were bleak: cancel surgery for a morbidly obese bariatric patient? For a woman with throat cancer who had only a 30 per cent chance of surviving her disease for another year? “Proceeding with her surgery might mean delaying several other cases… She might well die in the next year for unrelated reasons,” he says. Tough choices have
to be made.

Dr Down recognises how extraordinary it seems that such important decisions about people’s lives are made “in such a last-minute and ad-hoc fashion”. But they are, every day.

Of course, ICU is not the only part of the NHS under pressure. Post-pandemic and post-austerity, our healthcare system is creaking under the strain. On the day I meet Dr Down in his tranquil north London townhouse, nurses and ambulance drivers are on strike. Junior doctors are being balloted on industrial action. They have Dr Down’s sympathy. “Particularly in London, as a nurse or junior doctor you can barely survive, so I’m with them,” he says. “There’s inflation and [other] problems, but I think we’ve got to look after them. Junior doctors are going to Australia in droves because they come out with £100,000 debt here.”

He does not envy young medics. In his day – he qualified in 1994 – “You could live reasonably comfortably and you knew it would be OK in the end.”

The system is overstretched. “[W]e run at over 90 per cent capacity,” he writes. Patients might question “whether we are working as safely, compassionately and efficiently as possible”.

The UK rate of ICU beds per head of population is one of the lowest in Europe. Post-Brexit, staffing those beds has become “increasingly challenging”. And so they have to be juggled; operations postponed.

Dr Down doesn’t claim to have the answer to how we fix our healthcare system, but has concerns: “The investment in the NHS in the last 10 years has slowed down and you really feel that.” In the New Labour years, he points out, waiting lists were not an issue. “I’m sure there are reforms to make, but really it comes down to investing.”

Dr Down says that his mental health has been affected by working in ICU - Heathcliff O'Malley

But in an ageing society, where medical advances mean patients can be kept alive far longer, spending more on clinical care for the sick can only be part of the solution. A greater focus on prevention, he believes, is crucial. Smoking has dwindled since the 2007 smoking ban. Now, it is time to tackle the next great public health problem, he argues.

“You’ve got to take on ultra-processed foods and sugar. That’s number one.”

He has adopted a healthier lifestyle with age, taking exercise including cold-water swimming (“such a cliché”). He hardly drinks alcohol – “partly because I can’t, I just feel awful” – and eats better. After losing his mother to dementia last year he tries to keep his brain healthy, by doing Wordle. “Do you think that helps?”

Disconcertingly, it is possible to make all the right lifestyle choices and still succumb to disease. But what about patients who end up in ICU as a result of making the wrong choices? He insists there is never room to be judgmental. “It’s not our job [to judge],” he says.

Inevitably, working in ICU, not all his patients survive. Some deaths hit him especially hard. In the book he describes how the death of a patient called Linda, a 56-year-old alcoholic with a ruptured oesophagus, triggered a mental health breakdown that meant Dr Down had to temporarily stop working. Today, he’s in a better place, mentally, after seeking support.

Seizing the day is easier said than done, he smiles ruefully. “But it’s made me get up in the morning and get on. I suppose I’m aware of how long there is left.”

‘Life in the Balance: A Doctor’s Stories of Intensive Care’ by Jim Down 

Government Rail Minister

Sussex MP has laptop containing sensitive strike information stolen from bar

Patrick Barlow
Tue, 21 February 2023 

Huw Merriman, MP for Bexhill and Battle, had his laptop stolen

An MP has had his laptop containing information about rail strike negotiations stolen from a pub.

Huw Merriman, Conservative MP for Bexhill and Battle, had his computer stolen from under his chair in Covent Garden in London.

Mr Merriman, who is also the government rail minister at the Department for Transport, had the work laptop stolen on the same week as thousands of train drivers took industrial action causing widespread disruption.

The theft from the pub in James Street was reported to police at around 7.30pm as soon as it was noticed, the Evening Standard reports.

The laptop was then remotely accessed and wiped of sensitive information following the theft on Thursday, February 2.

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Mr Merriman was approached for comment.

A government spokeswoman said: "We take the security of government devices extremely seriously, which is why devices, such as laptops and mobile phones, are always encrypted so any loss does not compromise security."

Up to November last year, 32 gadgets belonging to MPs were reported lost including phones, laptops and iPads.

SNAFU
Spanish transport secretary resigns after new trains too big for tunnels

Sam Jones in Madrid
Tue, 21 February 2023 


Spain’s secretary of state for transport and the head of the state rail company have resigned amid continuing public and political anger after it emerged that dozens of new trains ordered for two northern Spanish regions were too big to fit through some tunnels.

Three years ago, the state rail operator, Renfe, announced plans to modernise the rolling stock on narrow-gauge commuter trains and medium-distance trains in Asturias and Cantabria.

But it was revealed last month that the trains being built under the €258m (£227.5m) contract would be too wide to pass through some of the tunnels in the two regions.

Miguel Ángel Revilla, the regional president of Cantabria, described the project as a “bodge” and called for urgent action, while Adrián Barbón, the president of neighbouring Asturias, said he was “baffled, angry and disappointed”.

The firing last month of two senior officials – one at Renfe and the other at the state rail infrastructure company, Adif – proved insufficient to placate those angry over the poor planning and the consequent delay.

On Monday, Isabel Pardo de Vera, Spain’s secretary of state for transport, tendered her resignation, as did Isaías Táboas, the president of Renfe.

The Socialist-led coalition government of prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, has tried to make further amends by announcing that travel on the Asturian and Cantabrian networks affected by the delays would be free until the new rolling stock began to come into service in early 2026.

“From the moment I found out about this matter, I’ve done everything I could to find out what happened and to find a solution,” Spain’s transport minister, Raquel Sánchez, told reporters after meeting Revilla and Barbón on Monday.

“From the outset, we’ve accepted responsibility, said sorry, recognised the mistake and determined responsibility. We’ve also begun an internal audit and put together a working group to find a solution and speed up construction of the trains as much as possible.”

The government has, however, previously been at pains to insist that the errors had been spotted before any train was built, and that “not a single euro of Spaniards’ money has been wasted” as a result.

“The search for, and approval, of the optimal solution when it comes to designing most spacious, modern, fast and efficient train possible, while also bearing in mind the singular rail infrastructure has not led to any wasteful use of public resources,” the transport ministry said in a statement on Saturday.

The situation would have been worse, it added, had smaller trains been built that had failed to live up to travellers’ expectations.

With regional and municipal elections at the end of May and a general election to be held before the year’s end, the opposition conservative People’s party (PP) has sought to portray the mis-sized trains as further proof of the government’s shoddy approach to policy.

The Socialist party and their junior coalition partners in the far-left, anti-austerity Podemos party are still at loggerheads over reforming the latter’s controversial only-yes-mean-yes sexual consent law, which has so far allowed hundreds of convicted sex offenders to have their sentences retrospectively reduced.

“If a secretary of state and the president of Renfe resign over the train fiasco, who’s going to resign over the more than 4,000 sex offenders who’ve won the lottery thanks to only-yes-mean-yes?” asked the PP MEP Esteban González Pons. “Will it be Sánchez or no one? Don’t they care about all the humiliated victims?”

UK spent £50 billion extra on gas since Ukraine invasion, say analysts

Danny Halpin
Tue, 21 February 2023



The UK has spent more than £50 billion extra on gas since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, a new analysis suggests.

Wholesale gas prices exploded after the invasion and have been in a volatile state ever since, with many British households now burdened with much higher bills.

The analysis, carried out by the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU), estimates that the UK paid between £50-60 billion more for wholesale gas in 2022 than in a typical pre-pandemic year.

British households have been hit harder by the current crisis than in any other western European country, according to the IMF, because of the UK’s dependence on imported gas.

Gas is used to produce around 40% of the country’s electricity as well as to heat 85% of British homes, which are among the least energy efficient in Europe.

Analysts at ECIU said the impact would have been less severe if the UK was further ahead with its net-zero policies of improving energy efficiency in homes, building more onshore wind and installing more heat pumps.

Dr Simon Cran-McGreehin, head of analysis at ECIU, said: “As the IMF has pointed out, the energy crisis hit UK households harder than those in other western European countries because as a nation we’re incredibly dependent on gas. The price of gas is largely set by international markets, so the only way to protect yourself is to use less.

“The onshore wind ban has been one of the barriers to this. We’re also running behind places like Sweden, Poland and Estonia on installing electric heat pumps. As renewables and heat pumps proliferate, less imported gas is needed, which in turn benefits our balance of payments and energy security.”

ECIU’s analysis used data from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy to estimate non-domestic gas costs.

While wholesale prices have fallen in recent weeks, consumer prices are still high because they are based on trades made last year at very high prices and are unlikely to come down soon because analysts are still wary of market volatility.

Alethea Warrington, energy campaigner at the charity Possible, said the cheapest and quickest way to reduce people’s energy bills outside of a windfall tax would be to change the planning laws around onshore wind.

The Government is currently consulting on local support after lifting David Cameron’s 2015 ban on subsidies.

Ms Warrington described the Government’s reliance on gas as “stupid” and “unhelpful”, and said a lot of people support onshore wind and the need to achieve net-zero.

She said: “It’s frustrating that the Government is quite willing to give these huge tax breaks to companies that want to drill for more oil and gas but they’re not willing to let communities – which have already done the local outreach and got people on board – have proposals for projects that would be being beneficial to the local community.

“They’re not able to go ahead with them because they’re just sort of snarled up in a planning system that’s not fit for purpose.”

Labour Party leader Sir Keir Starmer has pledged to double onshore wind and quadruple offshore wind by 2030 (Stefan Rousseau/PA)

Labour has said it would rip up the planning laws around onshore wind and shadow climate change secretary Ed Miliband has previously criticised the Government’s target of installing 600,000 heat pumps a year by 2028 as “way short of where they need to be”.

Octopus Energy CEO Greg Jackson said in an interview with the Telegraph last week that the company has designed a heat pump which can be installed for the same price as a gas boiler.

Heat pumps are an alternative to gas boilers and use a network of water pipes to channel heat from underground into homes.

Dr Matthew Trewhella, CEO of heat pump manufacturers Kensa Group, said: “Heating is responsible for a third of the UK’s greenhouse gas emissions.

“Currently, 24 million homes in the UK are heated by gas boilers, and this number is still rising. With under 27 years to remove gas boilers in line with net zero targets, new gas heating systems need to stop being installed now and be replaced with low-carbon heating alternatives at the rate of one million per year.

“Heat pumps offer far greater efficiencies than gas boilers, meaning you get more heat for the energy used. Gas boilers use around 1.2 units of energy, often imported, for every unit of heat they produce.

“Whereas Ground Source Heat Pumps can produce four units of heat for each unit of electricity used and produce no carbon emissions if combined with a renewable electricity source.”

UK

Labour gave us national parks – why is Starmer so silent on nature’s survival now?
BECAUSE HIS NAME BEGINS WITH SIR

Craig Bennett
Tue, 21 February 2023 

Photograph: Ben Birchall/PA

When I arrived at the Labour party conference last year, it was hard to miss its new slogan – A Fairer, Greener Future – which was emblazoned across Liverpool exhibition centre. Just a few small words, but such prominence for the climate at a national political party conference put a smile on my face.

But, as we saw today in Keir Starmer’s speech to the National Farmers’ Union, the party is less vocal about its plans to solve the nature crisis. There is no green or fair future without nature, and there is no solution to the climate crisis unless we put nature into recovery at pace and scale.

There have been significant achievements by Labour governments on nature – wonderfully summed up but simultaneously exploded by John Prescott when he said in 1998, “The green belt is a Labour achievement – and we mean to build on it.” However, the roadmap to a fairer, greener future that Labour published at its last conference does not mention nature, nor what is needed to reverse its dramatic and alarming declines.

Addressing the climate crisis has not come naturally to the Conservatives – they are more at home with “countryside” issues. Sometimes these align with a nature-positive agenda, sometimes not. Recently Conservatives have come close to losing this advantage and have created an opportunity for Starmer to seize.

The river pollution scandal, partly a product of austerity cuts to enforcement agencies, now plagues the government and swamps Conservative MPs’ mailboxes. Even worse, the Liz Truss government’s efforts to dismantle environmental protections, which were branded an “attack on nature”, continue under Rishi Sunak with the appalling retained EU law bill.

Starmer must take the opportunity to set out a clear, authentic narrative on how a Labour government would tackle the climate crisis and the nature crisis, and how it will deliver the ambitious international targets agreed at last year’s United Nations Cop15 nature summit, not least cutting nutrient pollution (faeces) from our waterways by half by 2030.

‘Labour must recognise that there’s no such thing as food security if our pollinators are in decline, our soils are disappearing and our rivers are polluted.’ Sewage foam by Marlow weir, Buckinghamshire. Photograph: Maureen McLean/REX/Shutterstock

Today’s speech focused on the pressures farmers face, and committed to upholding high standards and boosting food security through public procurement. This is all great. But Labour must recognise that there’s no such thing as food security if our pollinators are in decline, our soils are disappearing and our rivers are polluted. The UK Food Security Report in 2021 identified the loss of nature and the climate crisis as the two greatest threats to food security in Britain. The extreme heat and droughts last year were a taste of our new reality.

Investing in nature is critical for our food supply – to rebuild our tired soils and to allow farmers to break free of imported fertilisers. Yet public investment in farming is tiny – we are spending more than 10 times as much on roads as we are on the annual farming budget.

What is needed is a green rural regeneration budget that has nature at its heart, reflecting the scale of the challenge needed to restore our natural world and safeguard the nation’s food and water security. The government’s agricultural reform has faltered partly because the financial offer to farmers has not been generous or consistent enough to help them transition to more nature- and climate-friendly practices.

Investment in nature pays in other ways. The landmark Marmot review in 2010 exposed the cost of environmental decay to our health and life expectancy. It warned that those living in the most deprived areas have less green space, worse air pollution and worse river water quality – and this is deepening existing health inequalities.

Related: Be warned: the next deadly pandemic is not inevitable, but all the elements are in place | George Monbiot

Studies show that the further your home is from green space, the higher the disease prevalence. One in three people do not live within 15 minutes’ walk of natural green space. Addressing this inequality can cut GP appointments, save the NHS money and create fairer, greener places to live. Polling shows that good quality natural places are the most important thing to foster pride in people’s communities – more than pubs or even the local football team.

And it’s easy to see why. More than 8 million Britons belong to nature charities such as the Wildlife Trusts, RSPB and National Trust, dwarfing the membership of political parties. Millions more will sit in awe at the new David Attenborough TV series, Wild Isles, next month. Britain is a nation of nature lovers.

Previous Labour governments understood this important part of our national story. After the suffering of the second world war, Clement Attlee’s government opened up rural Britain to the public and created the first national parks through the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949. This was extended by Tony Blair via the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000.

Labour has strong foundations to make a compelling pitch to the electorate on nature recovery ahead of the next general election. In the words of John Prescott, they should build on it.

Craig Bennett is the chief executive of the Wildlife Trusts