Monday, March 04, 2024

UNIONS
Thousands of flights and trains will be canceled again this week in Germany with new strikes

Mon, March 4, 2024 



BERLIN (AP) — Thousands of flights and trains are expected to be canceled again this week in Germany after two unions on Monday called for more strikes over wages and working conditions.

Negotiations continue for ground staff of German airline Lufthansa and German rail operator's Deutsche Bahn train drivers. German train drivers’ union GDL and Ver.di called for the strikes Thursday and Friday.

Around 200,000 air passengers will be affected by the two-day strike, according to an initial estimate by the Lufthansa Group, meaning that around 1,000 flights per day will be canceled as during previous strikes, German news agency dpa reported.

The strike on long-distance and regional train services begins at 2.00 a.m. (0100GMT) on Thursday and will affect millions of travelers. According to GDL, the strike is set to last until 1 p.m. Friday. In freight transport, the strike will begin on Wednesday at 6 p.m. (1700GMT) and is scheduled to last until 5 a.m. Friday.

In addition to pay raises, GDL has been calling for working hours to be reduced from 38 to 35 per week without a pay cut, which Deutsche Bahn has refused.

The Ver.di union seeks a 12.5% pay raise, or at least 500 euros ($542) more per month, in negotiations for nearly 25,000 Lufthansa ground workers including check-in, aircraft handling, maintenance and freight staff.

Coinciding contract negotiations have resulted in several recent walkouts in the railair and local transport sectors in Germany.

The Associated Press

South Korean doctors hold a mass rally against medical policy

By Hyun Young Yi and Hyonhee Shin
March 3, 2024




Doctors chant slogans during a rally to protest against government plans to increase medical school admissions in Seoul, South Korea. The banners read "Oppose increasing medical school admissions without talks with the medical community" (in blue) and "Medical education will be harmed in red.

SEOUL, March 3 (Reuters) - Thousands of South Korean doctors held a mass rally on Sunday against government plans to increase medical school admissions, defying official calls for trainee physicians who had also walked off the job in protest to return to work.
Up to 40,000 doctors joined the rally, demanding the government scrap the plan, according to the Korean Medical Association (KMA), which represents private practitioners and had organised the protest.

Police put the number of demonstrators at about 12,000.

The rally comes a day after a government deadline for the trainee doctors to return to work expired. Nearly 9,000 resident and intern doctors at major hospitals, or about 70% of the country's total, walked off the job late February, leading to the cancellation of some surgeries and treatments and straining emergency departments.

Joo Soo-ho, an official at the KMA, said the government should reform the existing medical  system.

"It was the government that set the deadline, and regardless of the deadline and pressure, we will continue to push forward as we think," Joo said.

Prime Minister Han Duck-soo on Sunday urged the KMA to cease the protest and encourage trainee doctors to return to their patients.

Interior minister Lee Sang-min also said the young doctors would not be punished if they returned to work by Sunday, but if they fail to do so, they could face administrative and 
The government has publicly issued a back-to-work order for 13 doctors, including vocal critics of the plan, and raided some KMA officials on Friday.

Cho Ji-ho, commissioner of the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency, said the police has banned several KMA members from leaving the country as part of an investigation into illicit activities linked to the protest.

South Korea takes steps to suspend licenses of striking doctors after they refuse to end walkouts


BY HYUNG-JIN KIM
March 3, 2024

SEOUL, South Korea (AP) — South Korea’s government began steps Monday to suspend the medical licenses of thousands of striking junior doctors, days after they missed a government-set deadline to end their joint walkouts, which have severely impacted hospital operations.

Nearly 9,000 medical interns and residents have been on strike for two weeks to protest a government push to sharply increase the number of medical school admissions. Their action has led to hundreds of canceled surgeries and other treatments and threatened to burden the country’s medical service.

On Monday, officials were sent to dozens of hospitals to formally confirm the absence of the striking doctors as the government began steps to suspend their licenses for at least three months, Vice Health Minister Park Min-soo told a briefing.

Park said authorities will later notify the striking doctors of their expected license suspensions and give them a chance to respond. He suggested the license suspensions would take weeks to go into effect.


What’s next for South Korean doctors who face license suspensions because of walkouts

“Despite repeated appeals by the government and other parts of society, the number of trainee doctors returning to work is very insignificant. Starting from today, we begin the execution of law with the on-site inspection,” Park said.

Park again repeated the government’s call for the doctors to end their walkouts.

“We again strongly urge them to return to patients by not ignoring the pains of patients hovering between life and death — and their families,” he said.

South Korea’s government earlier ordered the striking doctors to return to work by Feb. 29. South Korea’s medical law allows the government to make such back-to-work orders to doctors when it sees grave risks to public health. Anyone who refuses to follow such orders can be punished with a suspension of his or her license for up to one year, and three years in prison or a 30 million won (roughly $22,500) fine.

Last month, the South Korean government announced it would raise the country’s medical school enrollment cap by 2,000 starting next year, from the current 3,058. Officials said it’s urgent to have more doctors to deal with a fast-aging population and resolve a shortage of physicians in rural areas and essential yet low-paying specialties like pediatrics and emergency departments.

Officials say South Korea’s doctor-to-population ratio is one of the lowest among developed countries.

But many doctors have opposed the plan, arguing universities can’t offer quality education to such an abrupt increase in students. They also say adding so many new doctors would also increase public medical expenses since greater competition would lead to excess treatments. They also predict newly added students would also want to work in high-paying, popular professions like plastic surgery and dermatology.

Critics say many doctors oppose the government plan simply because they worry adding more doctors would result in a lower income.

The striking junior doctors are a small fraction of the country’s 140,000 doctors. But they account for 30-40% of the total doctors at some major hospitals, where they assist senior doctors while training.

Senior doctors have staged a slew of street rallies supporting the young doctors but haven’t joined their walkouts. Police said they were investigating five ranking members of the Korea Medical Association, a body that represents South Korean doctors, for allegedly inciting and abetting the walkouts.

American Airlines Flight Attendants To Stage Protest On Wall Street

The workers’ union has instructed all members to prepare “for a possible strike.”

BY CHANNING REID

SUMMARY

American Airlines flight attendants will protest in New York City on Monday.

The union-led protest coincides with American's Investor Day.

Negotiations continue as the workers push for pay raises and retro pay.

Flight attendants at Fort Worth, Texas-based American Airlines are headed to New York City to protest on Monday. It is the inflight worker’s latest effort to make their voices heard as they continue to fight for a new collective bargaining agreement.

Several reports in the last couple of years have highlighted the financial struggles that some flight attendants have encountered with their low wages. Last month, the crew members picketed at all of the airline’s bases across the country.
Taking action

As first reported by View From The Wing, the flight attendants will be meeting on Wall Street to stage a protest at 12:00 on Monday – the same day as American’s Investor Day, where the carrier’s CEO Robert Isom and senior leadership will present and meet with the company’s main investors.



Photo: Association of Professional Flight Attendants

The union representing American's flight attendants, the Association of Professional Flight Attendants (APFA), notified the workers of the planned protest in an internal memo obtained by View From The Wing. It instructs the crew members to wear their uniforms and meet on time near the Joe and Juice on Broad Street. Those running late are advised to “meet out front of the New York Stock Exchange” at 12:30 to join the protest.


It appears that the APFA wanted to keep its plan under wraps as the memo also instructs the workers to “invite flight attendants privately” and to “not post on social media.” During the protest, the flight attendants could chant the three phases in the memo or have them written on signs:

“AA: No Retro Pay / No Way!”
“AA Makes Billions - We Can’t Make Rent!”
“AA: Close Out This Contract NOW!”

Simple Flying has not independently verified the chant(s) details or signage phrasings.

Status of negotiations

Last September, American proposed a new contract to its 26,000 flight attendants, claiming it was industry-leading. However, the inflight workers said it fell short. The proposal included some positive changes for the flight attendants, such as allowing the workers to be paid during boarding periods, but did not address other demands, including pay raises by more than 30%.

APFA asked the National Meditation Board to allow the flight attendants to go on strike in November, but the board denied their request, forcing them to continue negotiations with the airline.

A status conference, requested by the union, will be held next week.

“The National Mediation Board has set a status conference, at the request of APFA, to directly hear from APFA on why we believe that we should be released into a thirty-day cooling-off period. The three members of the National Mediation Board will hear from APFA on the morning of March 13, 2024. The company will present to the NMB Board later that afternoon. At this meeting, APFA will update the Board on the status of our negotiations and will have an opportunity to present our position that our negotiations are at an impasse and we should be released.”

“Preparing for a possible strike”

Jule Hedrick, APFA’s National President, said the flight attendants have been working with wages negotiated in 2014; however, View From The Wing reports the inflight workers received a raise in 2019. Still, that was before the pandemic, when the economy was in a different environment.


Photo: American Airlines

As junior crew members have the lowest pay, first and second-year flight attendants based in Boston are reportedly eligible for food stamps. Others have allegedly reported that they cannot afford gas and live off snacks offered to first class passengers.

Among higher wages, the workers are fighting for retro pay to compensate for unpaid work for the last several years. Despite not being released from negotiations, APFA mailed a strike booklet to its members last month and reminded them that possible industrial action could still happen.

“All APFA Flight Attendants should be preparing for a possible strike at American Airlines,” the union said.

Germany: Union calls another Lufthansa ground staff strike4 hours ago4 hours ago

Trade union Verdi has called for airport ground staff to strike on Thursday and Friday of this week. It's the latest in a series of such actions affecting planes and trains.


https://p.dw.com/p/4d88V
Ground staff were also on strike on February 28 amid the long-running disputeI
mage: Carsten Koall/dpa/picture alliance

A major German trade union on Monday called on Lufthansa ground staff to strike again on Thursday and Friday, March 7 and 8, as it seeks to increase pressure ahead of another round of negotiations the following week.

It said that staff should stop work from at 4 a.m. on Thursday morning (0300 GMT/UTC) until 7:10 a.m. on Saturday.

Delays and cancellations are probable, with previous similar strikes disrupting flights and prompting criticism from Lufthansa.


"In the past few days we consciously left passenger travel out of our strikes," Verdi negotiator Marvin Reschinsky said. "Lufthansa is telling us by ignoring our demands for negotiations that it will only move once the pressure is increased further."


Thursday and Friday's strike will be tailored to impact passenger flightsImage: Carsten Koall/dpa/picture alliance

What Verdi y's second-largest by overall membership, is negotiating on behalf of roughly 25,000 employees in the dispute.

It's seeking pay rises of 12% for workers it represents, or a minimum of €500 ($542) per month, whichever is higher. Lufthansa has offered pay increases over an extended period but Verdi says they do not meet its demands.

"It is inexplicable to anyone that this company is about to announce a record annual performance this week, is going to increase bonuses for its board considerably, and that staff on the ground with an hourly wage of sometimes €13 don't even know how they're meant to make ends meet in some of Germany's most expensive cities," Verdi quoted negotiator Marvin Reschinsky as saying.

A fresh round of talks, the fifth in the dispute, are set for March 13 and 14. Verdi has said it will not return to the negotiating table earlier unless Lufthansa presents an improved offer in advance, a position Lufthansa criticized. Lufthansa had offered 

Trains and public transport services have also been disrupted by several strikes in recent weeks in Germany with negotiations faltering and no breakthrough in sight.

The disruptions to the movement of people and goods as a result was even mentioned by Germany's Bundesbank central bank last month as a cause for economic concern as it announced that the country could enter a technical recession by the end of the first quarter.
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msh/ab (AFP, dpa, Reuters)


Lufthansa says its latest two-day strike by ground crews will disrupt travel for more than 200,000 passengers

Bloomberg |
Mar 04, 2024 

Ground crew are among workers in Germany’s transport industry that have walked out over salary levels as staff shortages and high inflation bite.

Deutsche Lufthansa AG expects the latest two-day strike by ground crews to disrupt travel for more than 200,000 passengers, putting pressure on the German airline to negotiate a deal.

\
Lufthansa ground staff attend a strike in Frankfurt, Germany.
(REUTERS)

Labor union Verdi has called Lufthansa ground staff walk off work on Thursday and Friday after failed negotiations over pay and working conditions. Lufthansa responded it’s willing to negotiate at short notice, provided that Verdi calls off the strike.
Hindustan Times - your fastest source for breaking news! Read now.

Ground crew are among workers in Germany’s transport industry that have walked out over salary levels as staff shortages and high inflation bite. Thousands of passengers and major German airports were hit three times last month after security staff and ground crews across the country went on strike. The latest disruption will likely get exacerbated by a strike called by workers at Deutsche Bahn AG, the German railway also negotiating improved working hours.

“With this uncompromising stance, the union is harming the company, many hundreds of thousands of customers and the employees of our companies,” Michael Niggemann, Lufthansa’s chief human resources officer, said in the statement.

Verdi said on Monday that no agreement was reached during the fourth round of negotiations. The union has demanded a 12.5% salary increase and an extra €3,000 ($3,254.9) inflation bonus for ground staff. The next meeting is scheduled for March 13 and 14.

Lufthansa said Verdi was “deliberately seeking escalation rather than a solution” to the dispute, and it will implement a special flight plan during the 59-hour warning strike.

Lufthansa reports earnings on Thursday.



Tunisia union announces release of official following arrest and political tensions
The Tunisian General Workers’ Union (UGTT) announced Friday that Tahar Mezzi, the union’s deputy general secretary and head of the union’s private sector, was released after being arrested on Thursday.

According to the UGTT, Mezzi was detained by government authorities in connection with an allegedly fabricated case regarding his extensive involvement in union activities. The incident occurred just a few days before the UGTT’s planned protest on March 2, aimed at denouncing what the UGTT described as “the violation of trade union rights and the disruption of social dialogue.”

In a statement released Thursday, the UGTT condemned Mezzi’s imprisonment and called for his immediate release and for the charges against him to be dropped. It also called for the preservation of the allegedly fabricated file aimed at undermining the union’s rights. According to the UGTT, Mezzi’s arrest is a purely political decision and part of a series of unfair trials of trade unionists. The UGTT claimed that the arrest, which took place just days before the workers’ protest rally in Kasbah Square, was intended to sow confusion and fear, in line with ongoing policy against striking trade union movements.

The UGTT urged trade unionists to nevertheless actively engage in the protest scheduled for Saturday, March 2, in Kasbah Square, and warned members to prepare for further action. Union activists hope to halt what they see as severe violations of the right to trade unions, as well as public and individual freedoms. This protest marked the union’s first in months and saw a large attendance.

The UGTT, which has around 1 million members, played a key role responding to the arrests of activists, businessmen and journalists when Tunisia’s President Kais Saied consolidated power in 2021 by closing parliament, a move the opposition called a coup. However, the influence of the union, widely recognized as the country’s most important force, has diminished significantly since last year with the arrest of some officials. Some political parties and activists have accused the UGTT of inertia, saying it has withdrawn from its influential role and chosen silence over confronting Saied’s authoritarian approach.

Tunisian judge releases union leader after one-day detention


Reuters
March 1, 2024

A person holds up a baguette as supporters of the Tunisian General Labour Union (UGTT) protest against President Kais Saied, accusing him of trying to stifle basic freedoms, including union rights, in Tunis, Tunisia March 4, 2023. 
REUTERS/Zoubeir Souissi/File \

TUNIS, March 1 (Reuters) - A judge on Friday released a top official in Tunisia's biggest labour union, one day after he was detained, the union said.

The Tunisian General Labour Union (UGTT) denounced the detention of Tahar Mezzi on Thursday, saying it was a politically motivated attempt to undermine union rights.

Mezzi is the deputy secretary-general and the head of private sector in the union. He was detained two days before a huge protest called by the UGTT against what it said was a "violation of union rights and the disruption of social dialogue".


A judicial official said the judge also ordered a travel ban on Mezzi.

The UGTT did not say on what grounds Mezzi was detained. Tunisian authorities were not immediately available for comment.

Since last year, police have arrested at least four senior union officials.

The UGTT, which has about 1 million members, had been a critical voice after the arrest of activists, businessmen and journalists since President Kais Saied seized most powers in 2021 when he closed parliament - a move that the opposition described as a coup.

But the voice of the union, which was widely seen as the biggest force in the country, has been significantly diminished since last year after the arrest of some officials.
Some political parties and activists have accuse UGTT of inaction, retreating from its role, and choosing silence instead of confronting Saied's authoritarian approach. Saturday's protest will be the first in months

Thousands protest Tunisia's falling living standards

Thousands protested deteriorating living standards outside the prime minister's office in Tunis on Saturday following a call from Tunisia's main trade union confederation.


Issued on: 02/03/2024 -

Trade unionists raise national flags and placards as they take to the streets of Tunis, Tunisia to protest against a proposed legislation that will grant the government sweeping powers over NGOs, March 2, 2024.
 © Fethi Belaid, AFP

By:NEWS WIRES


"The economic and social situation continues to worsen," the confederation's head, Noureddine Taboubi, said in a speech to protesters.

Taboubi said the state's ability to service its foreign debt in 2023 had been "to the detriment of the people and resulted in shortages of basic products".

He criticised the implementation of "diktats from the International Monetary Fund" (IMF) at the expense of ordinary Tunisians.

The Tunisian economy is at a standstill with growth of 0.4 percent and an unemployment rate of 16.4 percent in 2023, according to the National Institute of Statistics.

Unemployment stood at 15.2 percent at the end of 2022.

President Kais Saied has ruled by decree since a July 2021 power grab and last year rammed through a constitution that gave his office unlimited powers and neutered parliament.

Weathering a grave economic crisis, Tunis concluded an agreement with the IMF in October 2022 for a two billion dollar loan facility.

But loan tranches stalled when the president rejected reforms demanded by the IMF.

(AFP)



Tunisian civil society fears plan to limit foreign funding

Youcef Bounab and Francoise Kadri
Mar 3, 2024


Trade unionists shout slogans as they take to the streets of Tunis to protest against proposed legislation that will grant the government sweeping powers over NGOs
FETHI BELAID


The head of the Tunisian General Labour Union UGTT, Noureddine Taboubi, speaks during the protest
FETHI BELAID

Critics worry that the law would collapse Tunisia's vibrant civil society and exacerbate already dire unemployment rates

FETHI BELAID

Tunisian civil society groups fear the government is planning to starve them of foreign funding under the pretext of fighting money laundering and terrorism.

President Kais Saied, who launched a sweeping power grab in 2021 and rules by decree, has accused many non-government organisations of serving "foreign agendas".

Under a draft law he supported, state authorities would have to approve all foreign funding for NGOs that operate in the North African country.

Human rights groups worry it is another repressive measure in the country that became known as the birthplace of the Arab Spring protests more than a decade ago.

"The aim of the bill is to restrict civil society -- its financing, its activity and to limit its work to certain topics suggested by the political authority," said Bassem Trifi, president of the Tunisian League for the Defence of Human Rights.

If the draft law is enacted, Trifi warned, "Tunisia will lose its civil society and all the work it has done".

Amnesty International warned that the "absolute discretion given to the government to authorise or deny funding requests of civil society groups may constitute a disproportionate restriction of the right to freedom of association".

The Tunisian groups also worry that tens of thousands of jobs will be lost if funding from abroad dries up, given that most organisations receive little to no public money in the recession-hit and highly indebted country.

Saied, elected democratically in October 2019, sacked parliament in July 2021 and assumed most executive powers.

A number of Saied's opponents are behind bars as Tunisia prepares for presidential elections set to take place in October.

- 'Preserve the freedoms' -

The draft law would replace a 2011 decree that saw the creation of over 25,000 organisations after the uprising that ousted dictator Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and set in motion what later came to be known as the Arab Spring.

"According to a study we did, by limiting civil society's financial resources, we risk losing around 30,000 direct jobs" and about 100,000 indirect jobs, Trifi said.

Critics worry that this would exacerbate unemployment rates, which already stand at 16 percent overall and 40 percent among the youth.

Shanti, an association that employs 22 full-time workers and manages over 100 projects involving crafts, farming and eco-tourism nationwide, may be among those affected.

The group receives over 90 percent of its funding from abroad.

Their projects like L'Artisanerie, a workshop in Tunis that supports about 60 craftspeople selling items including handmade carpets, pottery and furniture, could also be impacted.

"We're on alert about what's going to happen," said Shanti's head Mehdi Baccouche.

He said that he is not opposed to new regulation, but that any change should result from "a permanent dialogue" between organisations and authorities.

"It's important to preserve the freedoms acquired by associations and to continue to develop access to national and foreign funds," Baccouche said.

"The development of the associative sector brings thousands of jobs and, beyond that, thousands of people are directly impacted."
- 'Achievement of the revolution' -

Clement Nyaletsossi Voule, the UN special rapporteur on freedom of assembly and association, said the proposed legislation also "gives excessive powers to the authority which can, according to its agenda, refuse an association".

"The 2011 decree is an achievement of the revolution that must be preserved," Voule told AFP.

The current law allows the creation of an organisation simply by notifying the government, without requiring approval.

This has allowed for the flourishing of NGOs working on political and social issues, such as women's and LGBTQ rights.

Their championing of freedoms, including of the press, saw the emergence of independent media outlets.

This "does not mean that the authorities turn a blind eye", Voule added, arguing that the government can still examine "the organisation's agenda and whether there is an imminent security risk".

Before making any sweeping changes to the system, the UN rapporteur argued, "authorities must open discussions with civil society".

boufka/ezz/ysm/srk/fz/lb
Let the unionisation begin!': Employees Get Cookies As Sephora Celebrates $10 Billion Revenue

Employees express dissatisfaction over what they perceive as inadequate recognition of their contributions.


By Jastine Beatrice Yap jastinebeatriceyap
03/03/24

The discontent among Sephora's workers sheds light on the broader issue of employee recognition and fair compensation. 
WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Sephora, the global beauty retailer, recently celebrated a remarkable financial milestone, surpassing £10 billion in revenue.

However, amidst the festivities, a wave of discontent is sweeping through the workforce as employees express dissatisfaction over what they perceive as inadequate recognition for their contributions.

As news of the financial milestone circulated within Sephora's ranks, workers expressed their discontent, highlighting a disparity between the company's financial success and the recognition received by its frontline staff.

The focal point of their dissatisfaction? A seemingly token gesture in the form of a 'stale cookie.'

Reports from various Sephora outlets reveal that, in celebration of the revenue milestone, employees were merely offered a symbolic 'thank you' – a stale cookie.

The gesture, intended to acknowledge the collective effort of the workforce, has sparked frustration and disappointment among many employees who expected more tangible rewards for their role in the company's success.

According to one former employee, whose departure coincided with the cookie delivery, "They are consistently coaching us to meet our goals and expectations, and, of course, everyone goes above and beyond for the company, and all they give us is a stale cookie and a letter thanking us."

The discontent among Sephora's workers sheds light on the broader issue of employee recognition and fair compensation, especially in industries where frontline staff plays a pivotal role in delivering exceptional customer experiences.

The disparity between the monumental financial achievement and the perceived triviality of the reward has fueled discussions around the company's commitment to its workforce.

Sephora's success in the beauty retail sector is undeniable, with its revenue growth attributed to strategic marketing, a diverse product range, and an immersive in-store experience.

However, the current discontent poses challenges to the company's reputation as a fair and employee-centric employer.

In a statement, Sephora said it "had a great year thanks to our extraordinary team members who help create and build our incredible beauty community.

"We are proud of all our employees across our stores, distribution centres, and corporate offices who contributed to this shared success in North America.

"As the leading prestige beauty retailer, it's success like this that allows us to continue to offer highly competitive benefits and pay, performance bonuses, education, brand perks, training product, gratis, and substantial product discounts to our employees."

Employee testimonials reveal a sense of undervaluation, with some expressing the view that a 'stale cookie' falls short of recognising their daily efforts to uphold the brand's standards and contribute to the positive customer experience that underpins Sephora's success.

The issue has gained traction on social media, with employees and their supporters sharing their views on Reddit.

Referred to by Reddit users as the "notorious cookie," opinions on the pre-packaged treats varied.

Some playfully reviewed the taste of the goods, with one user rating it a 4 out of 10. Conversely, others expressed a sense of devaluation, describing the experience as feeling like "dirt on the bottom of their shoes."

The cookie even spurred a call to action from one user: "Let the unionisation begin!" they declared.

A departing employee, who received the cookie on her last day, noted that attaching a confidentiality notice to gifts from Sephora was "totally normal." While the gift left her disappointed, it did not come as a surprise.

"They really don't reward us for the work and mental energy it takes to be a Sephora employee," she lamented. "There's just so much more they could do, and they chose to send stale cookies."

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In the beauty industry, where brand image and customer perception are paramount, employee satisfaction plays a crucial role in shaping the overall experience for shoppers.

Dissatisfied employees can impact the quality of customer service, potentially affecting Sephora's customer loyalty and retention rates.

As the news of the 'stale cookie' controversy continues to circulate, industry experts speculate on the potential impact on Sephora's bottom line.

The beauty retailer may need to reevaluate its approach to employee recognition and compensation to foster a positive workplace culture that aligns with its brand values.
Nippon Steel exec to meet USW head to seek support for U.S. Steel deal

Mon, March 4, 2024 

 The logos of Nippon Steel Corp. are didplayed at the company headquarters in Tokyo


By Yuka Obayashi and Ritsuko Shimizu

TOKYO (Reuters) - A senior Nippon Steel executive told Reuters he is set to meet the United Steelworkers (USW) union chief this month to seek support for acquiring U.S. Steel, expressing confidence the deal can be finalised by the end of September.

Gaining their backing could help the world's fourth-largest steelmaker carry the $14.9 billion purchase of its U.S. rival over the line. The merger has drawn criticism from some Democratic and Republican lawmakers who worry about the national security implications of the takeover, even though the U.S. and Japan are close allies, and the powerful USW, who worry how their workers could fare under Nippon Steel's management.

"I think we've cleared the contractual issues," Executive Vice President Takahiro Mori said in an interview on Feb. 28, emphasizing Nippon Steel's plan to uphold all of the current agreements between the union and U.S. Steel.

Mori will meet the USW chief in early March after a non-disclosure agreement it signed with the union on Feb. 26, which he sees as a positive indicator since it signalled their willingness to talk.

"We will have heart-to-heart talks" to address concerns including jobs and mills, he said.

Nippon Steel thinks it can strengthen U.S. Steel's business without job cuts or plant closures through providing its advanced technologies, including those for high-grade electromagnetic steel sheets that are used in electric vehicles.

"The products could be a game changer in the U.S.," Mori said, adding other skills in blast furnace operation and decarbonisation will also help grow the U.S. company.

Nippon Steel aims to find common ground with the USW by early April when U.S. Steel is expected to hold a shareholder meeting to vote on approving the deal, which would be delayed from March because of additional paperwork needed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), Mori said.

Mori is optimistic about winning shareholder approval from the shareholders thanks to the hefty 40% premium it is paying.

POLITICAL ISSUE

Asked about the opposition of former U.S. President Donald Trump and some politicians, Mori said the Japanese company's priority now is to secure support from the union as then it will be "no longer a political issue."

"This deal will make U.S. Steel, the steel industry and its customers, such as automakers, get stronger. The entire supply chain will get stronger... and so will national security," Mori said, adding that there have been few objections from people in the U.S. business and economic worlds.

Nippon Steel is sticking to its goal to close the deal sometime between June and September, Mori said.

For Japan, the biggest foreign investor in the U.S., a collapse of the deal could give companies pause about acquisitions in other strategic sectors and force them to be more risk averse when sizing up deals, say former officials, lawyers, analysts and executives.

Mori also said if the U.S. dismisses the deal with "extrajudicial measures," it would cause major damage to the appetite for Japanese companies to invest in the U.S.

"It would affect investment behaviour from Japan and make other countries close to the U.S. wary," he said. "It's going to be a huge minus for both of us."

(Reporting by Yuka Obayashi and Ritsuko Shimizu; Editing by Christian Schmollinger)
TC Energy selling Portland Natural Gas Transmission System for US$1.14 billion


The Canadian Press
Mon, March 4, 2024



CALGARY — TC Energy Corp.'s plan to shore up its balance sheet with $3 billion or more in asset sales took a step forward Monday after a deal to sell a U.S. pipeline.

The Calgary-based company and its partner said they are selling the Portland Natural Gas Transmission System for US$1.14 billion to BlackRock, through a fund managed by its diversified infrastructure business, and investment funds managed by Morgan Stanley Infrastructure Partners.

The purchase price includes the assumption of US$250 million in debt.

The company is "steadfast"on achieving its divestment goals in 2024, chief executive François Poirier said last month on a conference call to discuss its fourth-quarter earnings. He said TC Energy was open to selling more than the previously targeted $3 billion figure.

The sale of Portland, a non-core asset, is a "unique opportunity to support our capital rotation and deleveraging priorities while continuing to meet the needs of the communities PNGTS serves," Poirier said in a statement on Monday.

TC Energy holds a 61.7 per cent stake in PNGTS, while its partner, a subsidiary of Énergir LP, owns 38.3 per cent.

The company said the sale will generate pre-tax cash proceeds of about $740 million or US$545 million net to TC Energy.

PNGTS is a 475-kilometre natural gas pipeline system that serves the upper New England and Atlantic Canada markets. It receives natural gas from the Trans Quebec and Maritimes Pipeline via the Canadian Mainline.

The PNGTS sale is expected to close in mid-2024, subject to regulatory approvals and customary closing conditions.

TC Energy sold a 40 per cent stake in its Columbia Gas and Columbia Gulf systems to New York-based Global Infrastructure Partners last year for $5.3billion.

TC Energy has been seeking to sell assets in order to pay off debt. The company has been under significant scrutiny from investors and credit rating agencies for its heavy debt load as well as for the spiralling costs of Coastal GasLink, the 670-km pipeline project it completed last fall.

Coastal GasLink — which will transport natural gas from Western Canada to the Shell-led LNG Canada processing and export facility currently being built in Kitimat, B.C. — was one of the largest energy infrastructure projects in recent Canadian history and its successful completion is a significant accomplishment for TC Energy.

But the project has also put pressure on the company's balance sheet. Throughout the course of construction, the project's budget ballooned from an initial $6.2 billion to $11.2 billion and then increased again to $14.5 billion.

TC Energy continues to try to pursue potential recoveries from contractors to offset a portion of the rising costs.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published March 4, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:TRP)

The Canadian Press

BlackRock to Buy TC Energy Natural Gas Pipeline System in $1.14 Billion Deal


Kevin Orland
Mon, March 4, 2024



(Bloomberg) -- BlackRock Inc. and Morgan Stanley investment funds agreed to buy TC Energy Corp.’s Portland Natural Gas Transmission System in a deal valued at about $1.14 billion as the world’s largest asset manager bulks up in infrastructure.

The sale by TC Energy and partner Energir LP to BlackRock’s diversified infrastructure business and investment funds managed by Morgan Stanley Infrastructure Partners includes the assumption of $250 million in debt. TC Energy said Monday it will reap pretax cash equity proceeds of about C$740 million ($545 million).

BlackRock is working to become a player in the expanding market for alternative assets, snapping up Global Infrastructure Partners for about $12.5 billion and investing $500 million in an arm of Canadian Solar Inc. just this year. For TC Energy, the sale moves it closer to achieving a goal of selling C$3 billion in assets this year to reduce its debt.

The Portland Natural Gas Transmission System consists of 295 miles (475 kilometers) of natural gas pipelines in northern New England and Atlantic Canada.

Barclays provided financial advice to TC Energy and Energir on the sale. Bracewell LLP was legal adviser to TC Energy.

CANADA
Costs — not driver shortage — now biggest wrench in gears of trucking firms: Report


Mon, March 4, 2024


A new report from a trucking association finds that rising costs in the industry have overtaken the driver shortage as the biggest concern for employers.

Trucking HR Canada's survey results show that one-third of business owners said higher overheads such as fuel, equipment, insurance and labour now amount to their biggest challenge.

The outcome marks the first time in a decade that a dearth of drivers has not been at the top of companies' worry list.

However, that concern remains significant, as the trade organization says that vacancies — including those behind the wheel — will top 40,000 by decade's end unless more support to attract and keep workers is provided.

On the brighter side, the report found that the number of women in trucking rose by 26,200 or 27 per cent to nearly 123,400 between 2016 and 2021.

The findings are based on government data as well as a survey of 376 employers representing more than 48,000 drivers.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published March 4, 2024.
Canada teams up with Australia to fend off China in EV battery space

Naimul Karim
Mon, March 4, 2024 

CANADA-ENVIRONMENT-AUTOMOBILE-INNOVATION-DISCOVERY

Canada has inked an agreement with Australia to work together in developing the minerals needed for the energy transition away from fossil fuels, as both look to reduce their dependence for raw materials on China and pivot more towards friendlier nations.

The non-legally binding agreement means the two nations will work together to extract these minerals responsibly, improve transparency, build partnerships, conduct joint research and development programs and share industry growth models.

The joint statement said that Canada and Australia share a “like-minded” approach to the development of these minerals and will work together to develop these minerals in a “clean” and “fair” manner.

Canada is looking to build a battery industry as it expects the world to gradually shift away from fossil fuels within the next three decades. Batteries require minerals such as lithium, nickel and graphite, so the government has looked to boost its mining sector in recent years.

It also introduced a policy in 2022 that made it more difficult for foreign companies, especially “non-like-minded” nations, to purchase stakes in Canadian miners involved in producing these critical minerals. For instance, in 2022, it ordered three Chinese companies to divest its shares from three Canadian lithium companies.

Despite this policy, some Canadian junior miners have inked deals with Chinese companies in the last year. Montreal-based SRG Mining Inc. agreed to sell 19.4 per cent of the company to Carbon One New Energy Group Co. Ltd; Vancouver-based Solaris Resources Inc. inked an agreement with Zijin Mining Group Co. Ltd. to receive $130 million by way of a private placement of common shares; and Vancouver-based Osino Resources Corp. agreed to be bought by Yintai Gold Co. Ltd. for $368 million.

The completion of all three agreements will depend upon the federal government’s approval based on the Investment Canada Act.

Australia miners have a big presence in Canada. For example, North American Lithium Inc., the only major lithium producer in Canada, is owned by Sayona Mining Ltd. and Piedmont Lithium Inc., both of which are listed in Australia.

Perth-based Wyloo Metals Pty Ltd., which is run by Australian billionaire Andrew Forrest, bought Canadian junior miner Noront Resources Ltd. in 2022. Wyloo is looking to build a nickel mine in Ontario’s Ring of Fire region.

Melbourne-based BHP Group Ltd. has agreed to invest $14 billion in Saskatchewan to build one of the world’s biggest potash mines. Another Australian mining giant, Rio Tinto Ltd., inked a memorandum of understanding with Canada last year to look for ways in which the miner can contribute to the country’s low-carbon battery industry during the next decade.

“We will also work together with like-minded partners to respond to changing geopolitical realities so they do not negatively impact our pursuit of these goals,” a statement from Natural Resources Canada said.


Mining giant Rio Tinto eyes Canada in hunt for top-tier lithium property


Naimul Karim
Mon, March 4, 2024


rio-tinto-0304-ph

Mining giant Rio Tinto Ltd. “would love” to produce lithium in Canada, given the right project, says chief executive Jakob Stausholm.

Rio doesn’t currently produce lithium, but Stausholm, speaking at one of the world’s largest mining conventions in Toronto on March 3, said the miner is keen on building a lithium business and is on the hunt for a top-tier property. He said he believes lithium is more likely to dominate the battery market in the future than other metals such as nickel and cobalt.
Volatile market

“We would like to grow lithium, but what’s clear is that lithium is abundant in this world,” Stausholm said at the Prospectors & Developers Association of Canada convention. “And, therefore, you have seen a very volatile (market). Sometimes very high prices, and now prices have gone down so far.”

Lithium is expected to play a key role in the energy transition away from fossil fuels since it’s used to build batteries for electric vehicles (EVs). Several miners are exploring lithium projects in Canada, but there is just one major company — North American Lithium Inc., which is owned by Sayona Mining Ltd. and Piedmont Lithium Inc. — producing the mineral in the country.

The metal’s price rose manyfold in 2022 and early 2023 on the expected rise in EV demand. But prices have plummeted in the past year due to an increase in supplies, subdued Chinese demand and a poor EV market. The price of lithium carbonate is down more than 70 per cent from the same time last year.

Rio in 2023 dipped its toes into Canada’s lithium exploration industry by signing two agreements. In July, it signed an option agreement for about $115.7 million with Longueuil, Que.-based Azimut Exploration Inc., giving it the opportunity to own at least 75 per cent of the Corvet and Kaanaayaa lithium properties in the Eeyou Istchee James Bay region.

An option agreement doesn’t necessarily mean Rio will own the properties, and the company must fulfil several conditions. For instance, to acquire 50 per cent of Azimut’s properties, Rio must spend at least $14 million over four years to explore the projects. To secure an additional 20 per cent, Rio will need to spend an additional $100 million over five years on exploration.

The deal allows the mining giant to spend a few million dollars to test the lithium projects owned by Azimut and assess the financial viability of building mines at the locations.

A month earlier, Rio inked a similar deal with Montreal-based Midland Exploration Inc. to explore 10 lithium properties in the James Bay region, covering a surface area of about 1,000 square kilometres.

Both deals come after Rio entered a memorandum of understanding with the federal government last year to look for ways in which the miner can contribute to Canada’s low-carbon battery industry over the next decade.
Cutting carbon emissions

Aside from the projects in Canada, Rio is actively trying to develop three other lithium projects in Argentina, Serbia and the United States. But lithium continues to be a relatively small segment of Rio’s business. It’s currently more focused on its aluminum and iron-ore businesses in Canada and has made a few investments recently to reduce its carbon emissions.

For example, the company is trying to reduce the amount of heavy fuel oil consumed in the production of iron ore pellets and concentrates by installing an electric boiler in its Canadian operations.

In December, Rio also entered the aluminum recycling industry through a $700-million investment in Brampton, Ont.-based Matalco Inc. Producing secondary aluminum is more energy efficient than producing primary aluminum, but Stausholm believes the way forward is a combination of both.

In June, Rio announced it would invest $1.4 billion to expand its aluminum smelter in Quebec by adding new pots that it said would reduce its carbon emissions by 290,000 tonnes per year — equivalent to removing 63,000 vehicles from the road.

Despite these investments, Stausholm doesn’t think capital markets are properly rewarding companies focused on low-carbon strategies. However, he said the steps taken by Rio will create a difference in the coming decades, if not in the near future. Rio is trying to stay a step ahead of the game by “futureproofing” its assets, he said.

Stausholm said Canada is at least a decade ahead of other Western nations in terms of measures to reduce carbon emissions due to its reliance on hydropower. But he said he hasn’t seen a place where “people are so serious about addressing climate change like in China.”

Nevertheless, Canada and the U.S. are looking to reduce their reliance on China for metals and other raw materials and pivot towards friendlier nations.

Mining giant Rio Tinto dips toes in Canadian lithium projects


Critical minerals sector is 'not healthy,' says Barrick


Canada 'decade or two' ahead in climate change battle: Rio Tinto

In 2022, Canada prevented Chinese companies from investing in three lithium Canadian miners after it announced a policy that made it harder for “non-like-minded” nations to invest here.

Stausholm didn’t specifically comment on that issue, but said politicians serve their societies and companies serve the countries in which they operate, and “we are a global company” with major businesses in China and other nations.

• Email: nkarim@postmedia.com


Exclusive-BHP sets tentative sales deals for Canadian potash, not interested in Cobre Panama



Updated Mon, March 4, 2024 

Small toy figure and mineral imitation are seen in front of the BHP logo in this illustration


By Rod Nickel

WINNIPEG, Manitoba (Reuters) -BHP has signed non-binding sales agreements for all potash production from both phases of the Canadian mine it is building, and will look to convert those into firm offtakes within 12-18 months, a senior executive told Reuters.

BHP Chief Commercial Officer Ragnar Udd also said the company is not interested in acquiring the idled Cobre Panama copper mine from First Quantum Minerals.

Australia-based BHP's entry into selling potash is expected to shake up the global fertilizer market, which producers in Canada, Belarus and Russia dominate. Fertilizer is a key input for farmers to boost yields of crops such as corn.

BHP expects to begin production at Jansen, Saskatchewan in late 2026, ramping up to 4.35 million metric tons annually. A second phase approved by BHP will boost yearly output to 8.5 million tons, expanding global supply by roughly 10%.

BHP plans to sell potash to distributors, rather than directly to companies that re-sell the fertilizer to farmers, Udd said, declining to name the companies.

BHP has not previously disclosed the sales agreements or how it will market its potash.

Selling to distributors reflects the fact that BHP does not own a potash distribution network and allows it to focus on what it is best at - production, Udd said in an interview.

"A lot of the feedback we've had from customers is how thrilled they are to be seeing a new reliable, stable form of supply coming in from an industry player that's well-known," Udd said.

BHP will turn tentative sales into binding contracts - typically lasting one year - as production comes online, with the first likely in late 2025 or early 2026, Udd said.

BHP will provide stiff competition to Nutrien, Mosaic, Belaruskali and Uralkali. The company's entry may initially be "quite destructive" to prices, said Humphrey Knight, principal analyst of potash and phosphates at consultancy CRU.

Selling to distributors runs counter to how BHP usually operates, controlling much of the supply chain itself, Knight said.

The U.S. is the prime market for Canadian potash due to its proximity, but it has been difficult to penetrate for another producer, Germany's K+S AG, Knight said.

Udd said he would not give specifics about BHP's U.S. plan but said it is "quite comfortable" with its ability to compete there.

BHP, best-known for mining iron ore, copper, nickel and metallurgical coal, is not interested in acquiring First Quantum's Cobre Panama, one of the world's largest open-pit copper mines, which was forced to shut down in December after Panama's top court ruled that its contract was unconstitutional.

"Honestly, while we're always looking for opportunities, I think that's a situation best left for Panama and others," Udd said.

(Reporting by Rod Nickel in Winnipeg; additional reporting by Divya Rajagopal in Toronto, Editing by Franklin Paul)

France mulls penalties to rein in ultra-fast fashion brands

Reuters
Mon, March 4, 2024 

Shein pop-up store in Paris


PARIS (Reuters) - Fashion brands with ultra-fast product turnover such as China's Shein should be subject to penalties of up to 50% of their garments' selling price to offset their environmental impact, French ruling-majority MPs have proposed in a new bill.

The MPs say that ultra-fast fashion brands, rather than renewing their collections four times per year like traditional clothing brands, offer thousands of new products per day, inciting excessive spending and unnecessary pollution.

"This evolution of the apparel sector towards ephemeral fashion, combining increased volumes and low prices, is influencing consumer buying habits by creating buying impulses and a constant need for renewal, which is not without environmental, social and economic consequences," the bill said.

The bill singled out Chinese ready-to-wear company Shein, saying that it on average presents more than 7,200 new garment models a day, and makes more than 470,000 different products available to consumers.

To offset the environmental impact of ultra-fast fashion, the MPs propose penalties of up to 10 euros ($10.86) per item sold, or up to 50% of the selling price, by 2030.

Shein, in a statement to French news agency AFP, said it follows "best international practices in terms of sustainable development and social commitment".

Following discussion in a parliamentary committee, the bill will be presented to parliament in the second half of March.

French Environment Minister Christophe Bechu said in a statement on Monday that following a meeting with industry players, activists and researchers, his ministry plans several measures to reduce fashion's environmental impact.

He said France plans a ban on advertising by ultra-fast fashion companies and the introduction of a financial incentives system to make ultra fast-fashion more expensive while sustainable fashion will become cheaper.

The popularity of fast fashion e-commerce retailers like Shein and Temu has disrupted the retail sector. Shein taps a network of largely China-based suppliers, bucking traditional manufacturing trends by accepting small initial orders, then scaling up based on demand.

The ultra-flexible supply chain has allowed Shein to create a different business model than established fast-fashion players like Zara and H&M, which pioneered shorter production timelines but still largely rely on predicting shoppers' preferences.

($1 = 0.9211 euros)

(Reporting by Geert De Clercq and Mimosa Spencer; Editing by Sharon Singleton)
OOPS
Spending Plunges at Shops in Argentina With Milei Cuts Hitting Hard

Patrick Gillespie
Mon, March 4, 2024 




(Bloomberg) -- Consumers in Argentine are running out of options to shield themselves from runaway price increases as President Javier Milei’s austerity measures send the country deeper into recession.

Spending at small- and medium-size businesses — Argentina’s largest sector of employment — plunged 25.5% in February from a year ago, the third straight month of double-digit losses, according to data published Sunday evening by Argentine business chamber CAME.

Shoppers in the South American nation have weathered triple-digit price gains for a full year. But they’re now staying home because real wages, or incomes adjusted for inflation, have fallen 23% over the past three months, according to estimates from Buenos Aires-based broker Portfolio Personal Inversiones.

Milei’s economic shock therapy is seen as necessary by markets to fix the country’s root problems. But it’s also helped push annual inflation above 250%, unleashing price pressures that were artificially contained by the previous government.

But the cost of Milei’s drastic measures is evident across the real economy. Employers anticipate firing more workers than they hire in coming months, reversing a post-pandemic trend, according to government surveys. Staffing firm Manpower Group ranked Argentina as the worst of 41 countries in its most recent quarterly report on job expectations.

With recession forecasts piling up from Wall Street to Buenos Aires, the consumer pull back raises questions for investor about how Milei will eventually transition from emergency measures to a sustainable recovery strategy. The International Monetary Fund sees Argentina’s economy contracting 2.8% this year after declining 1.1% in 2023.

Most Read from Bloomberg Businessweek
RCMP lay terrorism charges against Edmonton city hall shooting suspect


CBC
Mon, March 4, 2024 

Yellow police tape is seen outside Edmonton city hall on Jan. 23 after a weapons complaint prompted an evacuation of the building. 
(Emily Fitzpatrick/CBC - image credit)

A security guard alleged to have fired shots and thrown Molotov cocktails in Edmonton city hall in January is now facing several terrorism-related charges.

In a news release Monday, the RCMP said its Integrated National Security Enforcement Team (INSET) has charged Bezhani Sarvar, 28, with counselling commission of a terrorism offence and possession of property for terrorist purposes.

Sarvar is also facing nine criminal charges in connection with the Jan. 23 attack at city hall that led to a lockdown.

In its news release, the RCMP say the following criminal charges laid against Sarvar also constitute terrorism offences:

Intentionally or recklessly cause damage by fire or explosion to property, knowing the property was inhabited.

Intentionally possess incendiary material while committing an indictable offence.


Use of a firearm while committing an indictable offence.


Intentional discharge of a firearm while being reckless as to the life and safety of another person.


Possession of a prohibited device (two counts).


Mischief.


Carrying a concealed weapon.


Possession of weapon for the purpose of committing an offence.

No one was injured during the attack.

Sarvar is being held at the Calgary Remand Centre.

He is scheduled for a bail hearing on Tuesday, according to court records.

Sarvar had worked for security company Corps of Commissionaires since 2019. He was assigned to a variety of locations across Edmonton but never worked as part of the security detail in city hall, the company said in a news release last month.
Federal byelection being held today in Ontario riding previously held by Erin O'Toole

The Canadian Press
Mon, March 4, 2024 



DURHAM, ONTARIO — A federal byelection is being held today in the Ontario riding of Durham to fill the seat left vacant by former Conservative leader Erin O'Toole.

O'Toole served as official Opposition leader from August 2020 until February 2022 and left his seat last spring. He was first elected as a member of Parliament in 2012.

Jamil Jivani, a lawyer and commentator, is running for the Conservatives to replace O'Toole.

The Liberals have nominated Robert Rock, a councillor in Scugog, Ont..

Rock initially sought the Conservative nomination but says he decided to run for the Liberals because the Conservative party no longer spoke to his values.

The NDP have nominated Chris Borgia, president of the Durham Region Labour Council.


The Durham riding, which includes part of the city of Oshawa, Ont., has been held by the Conservatives since 2004.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published March 4, 2024.
US FAA hits Boeing 737MAX production for weak quality control

Mon, March 4, 2024 

 An aerial photo shows Boeing 737 MAX airplanes parked on the tarmac at the Boeing Factory in Renton

By David Shepardson

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The Federal Aviation Administration on Monday said the agency's 737 MAX production audit into Boeing and supplier Spirit AeroSystems found multiple instances where the companies allegedly failed to comply with manufacturing quality control requirements.

The FAA also said it found "non-compliance issues in Boeing’s manufacturing process control, parts handling and storage, and product control." The agency released a summary of its findings to the companies but did not make that public because it is part of an ongoing investigation, it said.

Boeing and Spirit AeroSystems, which makes the fuselage for the MAX, did not immediately comment.

The audit was prompted by a Jan. 5 mid-air emergency involving a new Alaska Airlines 737 MAX 9 that lost a door plug at 16,000 feet (4,877 meters). The FAA previously barred Boeing from expanding 737 production.

Last week, FAA Administrator Mike Whitaker said Boeing must develop a comprehensive plan to address "systemic quality-control issues" within 90 days following an all-day meeting with CEO Dave Calhoun.

"Boeing must commit to real and profound improvements,” Whitaker said last week. "We are going to hold them accountable every step of the way, with mutually understood milestones and expectations."

Calhoun said in a statement last week that Boeing's leadership team was "totally committed" to addressing FAA concerns and developing the plan.

Boeing has scrambled to explain and strengthen safety procedures since the mid-air incident that led to the FAA grounding the MAX 9 for several weeks in January.

Whitaker said Boeing's plan must incorporate results of the FAA production-line audit and findings from an expert review panel report released last week.

Boeing last month abruptly removed Ed Clark, the head of its 737 MAX program, as part of a management shakeup.

The door panel that flew off the MAX 9 appeared to be missing four key bolts, according to a preliminary report last month from the U.S. National Safety Transportation Board.

(Reporting by David Shepardson in WashingtonEditing by Chris Sanders and Matthew Lewis)