Saturday, July 18, 2020

The Land of Little Rain by Mary Austin (1868–1934)



Most mountains in the United States are named for European male geologists, surveyors, and military officers who measured, climbed, and claimed them. There is a rare exception in the southern Sierras of California, a mountain that stands 13,057 feet tall. It is Mount Mary Austin, named after maverick ethnographer and feminist, activist and mystic, speaker and writer Mary Hunter Austin. Austin’s debut book, The Land of Little Rain (1903), is a collection of 14 vivid and meditative essays detailing the landscape and diverse inhabitants of the Owens River Valley before it was drained of water for the city of Los Angeles — a conflict known as the California water wars made famous in the classic film Chinatown. Austin’s early defense of Spanish Americans and Native Americans and their right to their land and livelihoods set her apart from other Western writers who saw these people as impediments to “progress.”
Further reading: Earth Horizon (1932), Austin's autobiography; Beyond Borders: The Selected Essays of Mary Austin (1996).
The land of little rain
by Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
AUTOGRAPHED
Publication date 1903
Topics Natural history -- California, California -- Description and travel
Publisher Boston, New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company
Contributor University of California Libraries
Language English
The land of little rain.--Water trails of the Ceriso.--The scavengers.--The pocket hunter.--Shoshone land.--Jimville, a Bret Harte town.--My neighbor's field.--The Mesa trail.--The basket maker.--The streets of the mountains.--Water borders.--Other water borders.--Nurslings of the sky.--The little town of the grape vines
ANOTHER VERSION ALSO SIGNED BY THE AUTHOR


THE FIRST NATIVE AMERICAN PLAY

The basket woman, a book of fanciful tales for children
by Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934; Riverside Press (Cambridge, Mass.)
Publication date 1904
Publisher Boston, New York, Houghton, Mifflin and company
Collection cdl; americana
Digitizing sponsor MSN
Contributor University of California Libraries
Language English
The basket woman. First story.--The basket woman. Second story.--The stream that ran away.--The coyotte-spirit and the weaving woman.--The cheerful glacier.--The merry-go-round.--The Christmas tree.--The fire bringer.--The crooked fir.--The sugar pine.--The golden fortune.--The white-barked pine.--Naýang Wité, the first rabbit drive.--Mahala Joe

 Bookplate of Pearl Chase

 Author's autograph copy

SHE HAD A BROAD SCOPE OF WRITINGS

 HER OWN VARIETY OF SPIRITUALITY AND MYSTICISM
BASED ON NATIVE NORTH AMERICAN TRADITIONS
Christ in Italy; being the adventures of a maverick among masterpieces
by Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
https://archive.org/details/christinitalybe00austgoog/mode/2up
Publication date 1912
Publisher New York, Duffield & company
Collection americana
Digitizing sponsor Google
Book from the collections of University of California
Language English
The California earthquake of 1906
by Jordan, David Starr, 1851-1931, ed; Branner, John Casper, 1850-1922; Derleth, Charles; Gilbert, Grove Karl, 1843-1918; Taber, Stephen, b. 1882; Omori, Fusakichi, 1868-1923; Fairbanks, Harold W. (Harold Wellman), b. 1860; Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
https://archive.org/details/californiaearthq00jord/mode/2up
Publication date 1907
Topics San Francisco Earthquake and Fire, Calif., 1906, Fires, Buildings
Publisher San Francisco, A.M. Robertson
Collection library_of_congress; americana
Digitizing sponsor The Library of Congress
Contributor The Library of Congress
Language English
Partly reprinted from various periodicals

 The earthquake rift of April, 1906. By D.S. Jordan.--Geology and the earthquake. By J.C. Branner.--The destructive extent of the California earthquake of 1906; its effect upon structures and structural materials, within the earthquake belt. By C. Derleth, jr.--The investigation of the California earthquake of 1906. By G.K. Gilbert.--Local effects of the California earthquake of 1906. By S. Taber.--Preliminary note on the course of the California earthquake of 1906. By F. Omori.--The great earthquake rift of California. By H.W. Fairbanks.--The temblor: a personal narration. By M. Austin

HER AGNOSTIC THEOSOPHICAL APPROACH
TO LOVE


THE YOUNG WOMAN CITIZEN


A VERY MODERNIST NOVEL


 AUTOBIOGRAPHY


Earth horizon : autobiography
by Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
https://archive.org/details/earthhorizonauto1932aust
Publication date 1932
Topics Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934, Authors, American
Publisher New York : Literary Guild
Collection inlibrary; printdisabled; internetarchivebooks; americana
Digitizing sponsor Internet Archive
Contributor Internet Archive
Language English
The saga of Polly McAdams -- 'The thoughts of youth are long, long thoughts' -- El Camino Real -- The land of little rain -- The land of journey's ending






 SOCIAL JUSTICE REFORM


What the Mexican conference really means. Its represents desires of the people, deprived of human rights, to re-establish themselves in the scheme of social evolution
by Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
https://archive.org/details/whatmexicanconfe00aust/page/n23/mode/2upPublication date 1915
Publisher New York, Latin-American News Association
Collection library_of_congress; americana
Digitizing sponsor The Library of Congress
Contributor The Library of Congress
Language English
From "New York times magazine."

BORROWABLE BIOGRAPHIES
 
https://archive.org/details/maryhunteraustin00pear/mode/2up
Mary Hunter Austin
by Pearce, T. M. (Thomas Matthews), 1902-
Publication date 1966
Topics Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
Publisher New York, Twayne Publishers

Mary Austin by Esther F. Lanigan
https://archive.org/details/maryaustinsongof00lani
Publication date 1997
Topics Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934, Women and literature -- West (U.S.) -- History -- 20th century, Authors, American -- 20th century -- Biography, Western stories -- History and criticism, West (U.S.) in literature
Publisher University of Arizona Press


A Mary Austin reader
by Austin, Mary, 1868-1934
https://archive.org/details/maryaustinreader0000aust
Publication date 1996
Topics Indians of North America -- Literary collections, Indians of North America, West (U.S.) -- Literary collections, United States, West
Publisher Tucson : University of Arizona Press
Collection inlibrary; printdisabled; internetarchivebooks
Digitizing sponsor Kahle/Austin Foundation
Contributor Internet Archive
Language English
Title (alternate script) None
Author (alternate script) None
viii, 271 pages : 24 cm

"Best remembered for The Land of Little Rain (1903), which established her as a unique voice of the American West, Mary Austin was the author of nearly thirty books and hundreds of short works. Her essays, novels, plays, short stories, poems, and articles draw upon her impressions of the indigenous peoples and terrains of California, Arizona, and New Mexico. Throughout her work, glimmers of her idiosyncratic feminism appear; not until long after her death in 1934 did she come to be celebrated for her feminist perspective."--BOOK JACKET. "This anthology of Austin's stories, articles, and excerpts from her books represents the broad range of her writing over a career spanning four decades and helps illuminate the life and work of this major American writer. Each chapter focuses on a specific genre and includes an introduction by editor Esther Lanigan, herself an Austin biographer."--Jacket

Includes bibliographical references (pages 267-271)

Introduction -- "One hundred miles on horseback" -- Selections from The Land of Little Rain -- Selections from The Flock -- Short stories -- Articles and essays -- Selections from Cactus Thorn -- Selections from Starry Adventure -- Selection from The Land of Journey's Ending -- Poetry -- Excerpts from Taos Pueblo -- Selections from Earth Horizon


  BORROWABLE

The American rhythm : studies and reëxpressions of Amerindian songs
by Austin, Mary Hunter, 1868-1934
https://archive.org/details/americanrhythmst0000aust
Publication date 1970
Topics Indians of North America -- Poetry, Rhythm
Publisher New York : Cooper Square Publishers
Collection inlibrary; printdisabled; trent_university; internetarchivebooks
Digitizing sponsor Kahle/Austin Foundation
Contributor Internet Archive
Language English




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Oversight gap leaves Pentagon unsure if Afghan drone project has helped, IG

The effectiveness of the catapult-launched ScanEagle surveillance drone program given to the Afghanistan military cannot be measured because of oversight flaws, an Inspector General's report says. Photo courtesy of Insitu


 July 17 (UPI) -- An oversight failure left the Pentagon unable to judge if a $174 million Afghan surveillance drone project is effective, an inspector general's report says.

 Released on Friday by the Special Inspector General for Afghanistan, the report notes that at least $174 million was spent between 2015 and 2019 to supply Afghanistan's security forces with ScanEagle remotely piloted aircraft.

 It adds, though, that the Defense Department is unable to determine if the project is effective, if the Afghan forces can sustain it or what the immediate and long-term impacts of the investment.

 "SIGAR found that Naval Air Systems Command [NAVAIR] -- responsible for overseeing the ScanEagle contracts, and [drone manufacturer and Boeing subsidiary] Insitu -- is unable to determine the extent to which Insitu met the terms of the contracts because NAVAIR did not meet U.S. government requirements for conducting contract oversight," the report says.

 RELATED Aid groups warn of Afghan troop surge

 It adds that NAVAIR did not designate a Contracting Officer's Representative for all of the ScanEagle contracts, it did not provide an in-country sponsor in Afghanistan responsible for validating contract requirements and kept inadequate contract records, all in violation of Defense Department guidelines.

 The 47-page report concludes that whatever benefit the drones offer the Afghan forces is not quantifiable, and that their use has offered few gains in fighting Taliban forces in the country.

 The catapult-launched Scan Eagle drone has a 10-foot wingspan, a 60-mile range and can transmit images taken by surveillance cameras. The drones met requirements for long-term, undetected missions across the country, and be tailored to specific needs for reconnaissance, according to the report.

 RELATED Outside View: Afganistan report

 The report notes that the Afghan National Army "will require continued U.S. government and technical support to sustain the ScanEagle program."

 The Defense Department has spent nearly $47.5 billion on equipment and programs for the Afghan military since 2005, according to the report.

 The report also said that the Afghan military was unable to account for 27 of the 87 soldiers certified to operate the ScanEagle system, and of the 60 Afghan troops assigned to operate the drones, 17, on average, were typically absent due to "sickness, annual leave or unknown reasons."
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Corporate America calls for mandatory face coverings in businesses

KILL YOUR CUSTOMERS AND STAFF 
AND YOU KILL YOUR PROFITS

he Business Roundtable encouraged all businesses to adopt a face covering mandate. File Photo by Tasos Katopodis/UPI | License Photo

July 17 (UPI) -- A Washington, D.C.,-based association of major CEOs on Friday called for the mandatory use of face coverings in businesses to help stop the spread of coronavirus.

The Business Roundtable stopped short of urging a federal order, but encouraged every U.S. company to require the use of face masks or coverings by employees and customers.

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends wearing face coverings to help protect people from getting COVID-19.
"One of the most effective things we can all do to protect public health and the economy is to wear face coverings in public settings, especially when other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain," the Business Roundtable said in a statement.
"Business Roundtable applauds the many companies that are protecting their employees and customers by mandating the use of face coverings indoors consistent with CDC guidelines. We encourage every company to adopt this practice and hope that all Americans will adopt the use of face coverings to protect their families, friends, neighbors, and our economy."
The non-profit organization previously signed a letter with the U.S. Chamber of Commerce supporting a national mask standard.
Business Roundtable counts among its members Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos, Apple CEO Tim Cook, Gap CEO Sonia Syngal, General Motors CEO Mary Barra and Walmart CEO Doug McMillon.

Walmart announced earlier this week that starting Monday all shoppers in the United States must wear a face covering to minimize spread of the virus.
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Pentagon issues two contracts under DPA Title III to sustain workforces



Rolls-Royce ship propulsion facilities in Mississippi, and fuel tank bladder builder Amfuel will share $36.9 million in Defense Department contracts, announced on Friday, under the Defense Production Act Title II program. Photo courtesy of Rolls-Royce

July 17 (UPI) -- Two Defense Department contracts totaling $36.9 million, to sustain the U.S. industrial base under Defense Production Act Title III, were announced Friday.

Arkansas-based Amfuel secured a $14.9 million contract to expand production of fuel bladders and auxiliary systems for U.S. military aircraft, and Rolls-Royce will build ship propellers in its Pascagoula, Miss., ship propulsion facility under a $22 million agreement.

The contracts in each case are meant to "retain critical workforce capabilities throughout the disruption caused by COVID-19, and to restore some jobs lost because of the pandemic," the Pentagon said in a statement. It added that the Defense Department remains closely partnered with the Federal Emergency Management Agency and Department of Health and Human Services, providing "almost $2.9 billion in life-saving medical services, supplies and equipment to service members and federal agencies in the nation's whole-of-government approach to the coronavirus pandemic."

The DPA Title III program is one of three active authorities in the Defense Production Act, first signed into law in 1950 and last renewed in 2018. The program provides the president broad authority and flexibility, through economic incentives, to ensure availability of essential domestic industrial resources to support national defense and homeland security requirements.
RELATED Pentagon removes official in charge of executing Defense Production Act

Funding for the contracts comes from the CARES Act, a $2.2 trillion economic stimulus bill signed into law in March to help alleviate economic hardship caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Defense Department has been involved in dealing with the virus since April, with a $133 million project to make 39 million N95 masks, regarded as a critical resource, for hospital personnel in 90 days. The Pentagon also awarded $5.2 billion in contracts in April for various aspects of COVID-19 response, including a $5 billion omnibus contract to nine contractors for supplies and construction of alternate care centers in Bronx, N.Y., and East Orange, N.J.
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Judge orders Trump administration to accept new DACA applications


The new order comes one month after the Supreme Court said the Trump administration's efforts to terminate DACA were arbitrary and capricious. Photo by Kevin Dietsch/UPI | License Photo

July 17 (UPI) -- A federal judge in Maryland ordered the Trump administration to accept new applications for the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals program on Friday.

Since President Donald Trump began his efforts to terminate the program in 2017, the U.S. government hasn't accepted new applications. The administration has allowed existing DACA recipients -- undocumented immigrants brought to the United States as children -- to continue to receive the protections.

Last month, though, the Supreme Court ruled that Trump's attempts to terminate DACA was arbitrary and capricious, and unconstitutional.

District Judge Paul Grimm on Friday said the Trump administration must enforce DACA according to its status before the efforts to terminate it.

RELATED Judge extends deadline for U.S. to release migrant children

CASA, the organization that sued to enforce DACA fully, welcomed the ruling.

"This DACA decision reaffirms what we already knew and what SCOTUS already said: the Trump admin's ... heartless attempt to terminate the DACA program was illegal and they must immediately begin accepting new DACA applications," the organization said on Twitter.

President Barack Obama started the DACA program with an executive order in 2012 in an effort to provide temporary relief from deportation for children brought to the United States by undocumented parents. It also allows them to work and go to school in the United States without risk of being sent to their country of birth.




Trump sought to end the program in favor of allowing Congress to pass its own immigration reform, which failed.

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RELATED Trump rescinds policy forcing foreign students to attend in-person classes


RELATED ICE: Convicted Hezbollah financier has returned to Lebanon
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BILLY BARR'S GESTAPO 
Oregon to sue federal agencies over response to Portland protests

July 18 (UPI) -- Oregon Attorney General Ellen Rosenblum said Saturday that the state will sue federal law enforcement agencies over their response to Black Lives Matter protests in Portland.

Rosenblum announced in a Twitter post that the lawsuit would be filed specifically in response to federal officers allegedly seizing and detaining residents without probable cause and excessive force. The agencies named included U.S. Department of Homeland Security, U.S. Marshals Service, U.S. Marshals Service, U.S. Customs and Border Protection and the Federal Protection Service.

Nightly protests against police violence have attracted hundreds to sometimes thousands in Portland for more than six weeks in the aftermath of the police killing of George Floyd in Minneapolis on Memorial Day.

Since at least Tuesday, federal officers have been using unmarked vehicles to grab protesters off the streets and detain them with little explanation of why they are being arrested in an apparent escalation of federal force, witnesses told Oregon Public Broadcasting reported


"I share the concerns of our state and local leaders -- and our Oregon U.S. senators and certain congressional representatives -- that the current escalation of fear and violence in downtown Portland is being driven by federal law enforcement tactics that are entirely unnecessary and out of character with the Oregon way," Rosenblum said in a statement.

"These tactics must stop. They not only make it impossible for people to assert their First Amendment rights to protest peacefully. They also create a more volatile situation on our streets."

Last week police shot a Portland protester in the head with an impact munition causing serious injuries, OregonLive reported.

Rosenblum announced a state criminal investigation with the Multnomah County District Attorney into the injury. She blamed the incident on a federal police officer.

"The federal administration has chosen Portland to use their scare tactics to stop our residents from protesting police brutality and from supporting the Black Lives Matter movement. Every American should be repulsed when they see this happening. If this can happen in Portland, it can happen anywhere," Rosenblum said.

Tensions between the city of Portland and federal agencies heated up after Acting Secretary Chad Wolf of the Department of Homeland Security arrived downtown on Thursday afternoon, KOIN reported. Federal officers deployed tear gas outside the federal courthouse after protesters stood their ground late Thursday night when they were told to disperse. By the end of the night, 20 people were arrested.

CBP said it arrested "violent anarchists" over the past several weeks, accusing them of damaging and destroying federal property.

CBP Commissioner Mark Morgan tweeted that his agency "will continue to arrest the violent criminals that are destroying federal property and injuring our agents/officers in Portland."

"CBP will restore and maintain law and order."

Two separate marches were scheduled that night, one a "fight for Black Lives," by the PNW Youth Liberation Front against "the rise of fascism and hate in America," according to Radical Guide website. The other a "March for Black Education," which according to the PDX Black Lives Matter Events was to bring awareness to the lack of black representation in Portland Public Schools and the treatment of Black, Indigenous, and people of color students and faculty.

The total number of arrests since federal officers came to Portland has not been disclosed.

Last week federal officers arrested a protester for vandalizing a federal courthouse. According to a series of Portland police tweets, federal officers also arrested two other people for unlawfully pointing lasers into federal officers' eyes and another person for breaking a hole in the door of the federal courthouse with a hammer and striking one of the federal officers who responded to the scene in the head and shoulder with a hammer.


“Flat-Out Unconstitutional”: Federal Officers In Unmarked Vans Are Snatching People Off The Streets In Portland

“They're snatching people and asking questions later," said one resident.

Craig SilvermanBuzzFeed News Reporter


Last updated on July 17, 2020

@KohzKah / Twitter / Via Twitter: @KohzKah

Protesters in Portland, Oregon, say federal officers deployed by President Donald Trump are increasing tensions and violating civil rights by roaming the streets in unmarked vans and detaining people without probable cause.

Videos and witness accounts detail how armed officers outfitted in camouflage and lacking identifying information on their uniforms are snatching people off the street. One viral video shared on July 15 shows two men in fatigues exiting an unmarked van, grabbing a person by their arms, and escorting them to a vehicle. The officers remained silent as bystanders asked who they were and what they were doing.


The Sparrow Project@sparrowmedia
Militarized Federal Agents from a patchwork of outside agencies have begun policing Portland (in rented minivans vans) without the explicit approval of the mayor, the state, or local municipalities. This is what that looks like in practice:04:22 PM - 15 Jul 2020
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The identity of the person detained in that video is unknown, but Portland resident Mark Pettibone told Oregon Public Broadcasting he was detained on July 15 by a group of federal officers. He said they grabbed him off the street for no reason, placed him in an unmarked van, and used his hat to cover his eyes while he was transported to a federal courthouse.

“I just happened to be wearing black on a sidewalk in downtown Portland at the time,” Pettibone said. “And that apparently is grounds for detaining me.”

Juniper Simonis, a quantitative ecologist who volunteers as a medic at protests, told BuzzFeed News that federal officers forcibly took them into custody and separated them from their service dog for using chalk on the sidewalk in front of a federal building on July 10. Simonis said they were sprayed with OC gas, a form of pepper spray, at close range.

“They jumped me and assaulted me without any legal or verbal communication to me about being under arrest, or telling me to stop,” said Simonis, a trans woman who uses "they"/"them" pronouns. “They're snatching people and asking questions later.”

On Friday, the American Civil Liberties Union Foundation of Oregon sued the Department of Homeland Security and US Marshals Service in what it said was "one "many [lawsuits] the ACLU will be filing against federal authorities in Portland for their unconstitutional attacks on people protesting the police killing of George Floyd."

The ACLU added DHS and US Marshals Service to a lawsuit that had already been filed against local law enforcement agencies, where a federal judge had already issued an order blocking local officials from dispersing, arresting, or using force against reporters and legal observers until Oct. 30.

"What is happening in Portland is an unconstitutional nightmare," Vera Eidelman, staff attorney with the ACLU's Speech, Privacy and Technology Project said in a statement. "The ACLU will not let the government respond to protests against police brutality with still more brutality."

The ACLU's motion filed Friday looks to add the federal agencies to the judge's order.

Although the motion specifically mentions federal agents' actions against journalists and legal observers, and does not mention arrests of protesters, it is the first attempt to legally block federal agents' actions on the ground in Portland.

Juniper Simonis is arrested.

A task force — including officers from the Department of Homeland Security, Customs and Border Protection, Immigration and Customs Enforcement, and the US Marshals Service — was deployed to Portland in early July after Trump issued an executive order about protecting national landmarks. But rather than remaining on federal property to protect statues and memorials, federal officers have at times engaged peaceful protesters and citizens with “less lethal” munitions and have been documented driving around and detaining people on city streets.

“Usually when we see people in unmarked cars forcibly grab someone off the street we call it kidnapping,” Jann Carson, interim executive director of the ACLU of Oregon, said in a statement. “The actions of the militarized federal officers are flat-out unconstitutional and will not go unanswered.”

Oregon Gov. Kate Brown called the deployment of federal officers a “blatant abuse of power.” The use of federal officers has also been condemned by the mayor of Portland, both of Oregon’s US senators, the Portland Police Bureau, and the local sheriff.

Sens. Ron Wyden and Jeff Merkley, along with two other members of Congress, sent a letter to acting DHS Secretary Chad Wolf and Attorney General Bill Barr requesting information about the deployment and a July 11 incident when a member of the US Marshals Service hit a peaceful protester in the head with an impact munition, fracturing his skull and requiring surgery.

“A peaceful protester in Portland was shot in the head by one of Donald Trump’s secret police,” Wyden tweeted. “Now Trump and Chad Wolf are weaponizing the DHS as their own occupying army to provoke violence on the streets of my hometown because they think it plays well with right-wing media.”

On Friday, the US attorney in Oregon called on the DHS's Office of the Inspector General to look into reports that protesters were detained without probable cause.

Wolf arrived in Portland this week amid the criticism.

“The city of Portland has been under siege for 47 straight days by a violent mob while local political leaders refuse to restore order to protect their city,” he said in a DHS news release on Thursday. “Each night, lawless anarchists destroy and desecrate property, including the federal courthouse, and attack the brave law enforcement officers protecting it.”

DHS released a list of 90 examples of what it called “lawless destruction and violence” in Portland dating back to May 29. Roughly a quarter of the incidents listed involved vandalism, graffiti, or trespassing. Eleven of the listed incidents resulted in arrests. Oregon Public Broadcasting reported that federal officials have so far charged 13 people related to the protests.

In response to criticism that federal officers in Portland are not identifying themselves, Mark Morgan, the acting commissioner of Customs and Border Protection, tweeted, “You will not see names on their uniforms b/c these same violent criminals use this information to target them & their families, putting both at risk.” Law enforcement officers are generally not required by law to identify themselves, according to Lawfare.

Benjamin Haas, the advocacy counsel at Human Rights First and a former Army intelligence officer, told BuzzFeed News the deployment of militarized federal officers in a US city is alarming.

“These law enforcement officers look more like the special operations forces I supported as an Army intelligence officer in Afghanistan than civilian police who are supposed to serve and protect American communities,” Haas said.

He added that the federal officers in Portland are “blurring the line between the military and law enforcement, [which] is unhealthy for democracy and American communities.”

After being grabbed off the street and brought to a federal courthouse, Pettibone said he was released without charges after he kept asking for a lawyer. DHS has not commented publicly on Pettibone’s arrest.

Simonis said they were also brought to the Portland federal courthouse after being arrested in front of the Edith Green–Wendell Wyatt Federal Building. After Simonis said they were detained for roughly eight hours and denied a phone call or access to a lawyer, they were released and issued two federal tickets for petty offenses.

DHS did not immediately respond to a request for comment on the arrest of Simonis.

Simonis said it’s possible other people are being detained and kept for longer periods without the ability to contact a lawyer.

“We know that there are people getting snatched off the streets, but we only know the stories of the people who have made it out,” they said.


Craig Silverman is a media editor for BuzzFeed News and is based in Toronto.
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